• This quality could allow this species to be utilized as an effective biological pretreatment for lignocellulosic biomass. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, conversion of sugarcane biomass into fermentable sugars for second-generation ethanol production is a promising alternative to meet future demands of biofuel production in the country. (scielo.br)
  • These pre-treatments are designed to allow the carbohydrate portion of the biomass to be broken down into simple sugars, for example by en-zymatic hydrolysis using exogenously added cellulases to release fermentable sugars [ 12 ]. (banksolar.ru)
  • Microbial consortia represent promising candidates for aiding in the development of plant biomass conversion strategies for biofuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings provide insights into the mechanism by which consortium members orchestrate their array of enzymes to degrade complex lignocellulosic biomass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plant biomass is considered as an abundant renewable resource that can be transformed into fermentable sugars for biofuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our current approaches of developing more efficient enzyme cocktails and improving biomass conversion rely largely on expanding our knowledge on the microbial degradation and utilization of plant biomass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In natural ecosystems, biodegradation of lignocellulosic biomass is usually accomplished by intricate consortia of diverse microorganisms rather than individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Novel processing strategies for hydrolysis and fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass in a single reactor offer large potential cost savings for production of biocommodities and biofuels. (researchgate.net)
  • If the lignocellulosic biomass can efficiently be saccharified by enzymolysis without pretreatment, the bioconversion process would be simplified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genus Caldicellulosiruptor , an obligatory anaerobic and extreme thermophile can produce a diverse set of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) for deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It gives potential opportunities for improving the efficiency of converting native lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results show that hydrolysis by the extra-enzyme of C. owensensis made almost the same contribution as steam-exploded pretreatment on degradation of native lignocellulosic biomass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A new process for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass by sequential hydrolysis is demonstrated in the present research, namely hyperthermal enzymolysis (70-80 °C) by enzymes of C. owensensis followed with mesothermal enzymolysis (50-55 °C) by commercial cellulase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pretreatment and detoxification steps may be removed from the bioconversion process of the lignocellulosic biomass by using the enzymes from C. owensensis . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Production of biofuels from the renewable lignocellulosic biomass is gradually considered as a promising way to replacement of fossil fuels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, its bioconversion has been limited by its hydrolysis because the main components of the lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) are tightly held together and form lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars represents a major challenge in global efforts to utilize renewable resources in place of fossil fuels to meet the rising energy demands [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hence the total en-ergy fixed by biomass is estimated to be 13.5×107 kcal/ha year, this being equiva-lent to 15 tons of fuel. (banksolar.ru)
  • During the anaerobic conditions of ensilage, these organisms quickly dominate the microbial population, and, within 48 hours, they begin to produce lactic and acetic acids via the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway, further diminishing their competition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using coordinated molecular and bioinformatic approaches we examine metabolism of model microbial communities to better understand the processes that drive anaerobic carbon recycling in nature. (ucla.edu)
  • In this multi-stage process, fermentative bacteria hydrolyze the polymeric substrates present in all anaerobic habitats and then ferment the hydrolysis products to acetate and longer chain fatty acids, alcohols, aromatic compounds, CO 2 , formate, and H 2 . (ucla.edu)
  • The ubiquity of syntrophic metabolism in many anoxic environments emphasizes that metabolic cooperation among microbial species is essential for the anaerobic conversion of organic matter in nature. (ucla.edu)
  • These results demonstrate that the corn stover-adapted microbial consortium EMSD5 harbors a variety of lignocellulolytic anaerobic bacteria and degradative enzymes, especially those implicated in hemicellulose decomposition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusions The comparative whole-genome along with transcriptome analysis indicated that G. stearothermophilus B5 owned the ability of lignocellulose degradation and could be considered as a potential inoculant in composting efficiency, thus are also valuable for the lignocellulosic bioenergy industry. (researchsquare.com)
  • Better control of fermentation conditions can reduce the stress conditions for yeast cells and contamination by bacteria and wild yeasts. (scielo.br)
  • Alternatively, processes using cellulolytic microorganisms (such as C. cellulolyticum, C. thermocellum, and C. phytofermentans) to carry out both the hydrolysis of lignocelluloses and sugar fermentation in a single step, termed 'Consolidated Bioprocessing Process (CBP)' [ 12 ] have been proposed, how-ever the development of these is still at an early stage, and again low conversion rates seem to be a major limitation that needs to be overcome. (banksolar.ru)
  • The lignin-carbohydrate complexes create a barrier for microbial conversion [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genome sequencing of the lactic acid bacterium L. plantarum WCFS1 shows more molecular details. (wikipedia.org)
  • In microbial ecology, our remote window into the ecology of microorganisms is through the lens of genome sequencing. (bvsalud.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Viruses impact nearly all organisms on Earth, including microbial communities and their associated biogeochemical processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • For microbial organisms, recent evidence from genomes recovered from metagenomic samples corroborate a highly complex view of their metabolic diversity and other associated traits which map into high physiological complexity. (bvsalud.org)
  • L. plantarum has one of the largest genomes known among the lactic acid bacteria and is a very flexible and versatile species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and the environment, yet microbiome composition is relatively stable over time for host species ranging from mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key species of bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • At the population level, we further identified virus-host dynamics matching two existing ecological models: "Kill-The-Winner" which proposes that lytic phages are actively infecting abundant bacteria, and "Piggyback-The-Persistent" which argues that when the host is growing slowly, it is more beneficial to remain in a dormant state. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fourth, unlike traditional chemical catalysts which require a set feed gas composition to yield desired product ratios or suite, microbial processes have freedom to operate for the production ofthe same suite of products across a wider range of CO:H2 ratios in the feed gas [ 16 ]. (banksolar.ru)
  • We present here a comprehensive study on the community structure and enzyme systems of a lignocellulolytic microbial consortium EMSD5 during growth on corn stover, using metagenome sequencing in combination with quantitative metaproteomics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we show that the ability to digest xanthan gum is common in human gut microbiomes from industrialized countries and appears contingent on a single uncultured bacterium in the family Ruminococcaceae. (nature.com)
  • The former was associated with summer months of high and rapid microbial activity, and the latter with winter months of limited and slow host growth. (bvsalud.org)
  • The peroxide, it is presumed, acts as a weapon to exclude competing bacteria from the food source. (wikipedia.org)
  • This process has the advantages of no sugar loss, few inhibitors generation and consolidated with sterilization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Meanwhile, its direct production of butanol-isopropanol from polysaccharides, hemicellulose through secretion of indigenous thermostable xylanase, shows great potential using lignocellulosic wastes for biofuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, it is a key barrier to develop and employ robust inhibitor-tolerant microorganisms for economic lignocellulosic biofuel production. (springeropen.com)
  • However, xylose (backbone of xylan) is a pentose sugar that is hard to ferment during biofuel conversion because microorganisms like yeast cannot ferment pentose naturally. (chromnet.net)
  • The genome sequencing of the lactic acid bacterium L. plantarum WCFS1 shows more molecular details. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hemicellulose macromolecules are often repeat polymers of pentoses, hexoses, and a number of sugar acids. (ncsu.edu)
  • K. marxianus produced xylitol at 0.37 g/g xylose and ethanol at 0.19 g/g hexoses. (latu.org.uy)
  • Ethanol can be generated by microbial fermentation from a variety of substrates including starch and lignocellulose. (okepscor.org)
  • However, the availability of sugars for ethanol production from such crops is limited because of the value of the feedstocks for the food industry. (okepscor.org)
  • Thus, there is great interest in using lignocellulose as a renewable energy source for ethanol production through microbial fermentation or for conversion to liquid fuels via pyrolysis and gasification. (okepscor.org)
  • Several microorganisms have been applied for ethanol production from lignocellulose, including both bacteria and yeasts (Olsson and Hahn-Hägerdal 1996 ). (springeropen.com)
  • As a model bioethanol producer, Zymomonas mobilis has attracted considerable attention over the past decades due to its excellent industrial characteristics, such as the unique Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway under anaerobic conditions resulting in low cell mass formation, high specific rate of sugar uptake, high ethanol yield, notable ethanol tolerance, and the generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status (Panesar et al. (springeropen.com)
  • But because of disputation of food versus energy, ethanol production from lignocellulosic residues has earned noticeable attention as a wide variety of feedstocks can be used as materials with no significant competition with the food chain [ 5 - 7 ]. (imedpub.com)
  • The main objective of this paper is to review the delignification and hydrolysis capabilities of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). (springeropen.com)
  • In microbial ecology, our remote window into the ecology of microorganisms is through the lens of genome sequencing. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lignocellulosic materials such as agriculture wastes, forestry residues, and energy plants are considered as an abundant and renewable feedstock for bioenergy production through biochemical conversion. (springeropen.com)
  • Lignocellulosic materials may be described as one of the most promising natural, abundant, and renewable feedstock available for the enhancement and maintenance of industrial societies and critical to the development of a sustainable global economy (Kumar et al . (ncsu.edu)
  • This hydrolysate is rich in sugars, but also contains inhibitory compounds (mainly acetic acid and phenolic compounds) in concentrations that may be toxic to microbial growth. (latu.org.uy)
  • Finally, H. polymorpha converted hexoses and acetic acid into single-cell protein with yield of 0.27 g/g. (latu.org.uy)
  • To investigate host specificity, we used gnotobiotic Drosophila, microbial pulse-chase protocols, and microscopy to investigate the stability of different strains of bacteria in the fly gut. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moreover, this review provided perspectives and guidelines for future developments of robust strains for efficient bioethanol or biochemical production from lignocellulosic materials. (springeropen.com)
  • Zymomonas mobilis is a natural ethanologenic bacterium with many desirable industrial characteristics, but it can also be severely affected by lignocellulosic hydrolysate inhibitors. (springeropen.com)
  • L. plantarum has one of the largest genomes known among the lactic acid bacteria and is a very flexible and versatile species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Extraction of ecologically relevant traits from microbial genomes will be essential to the future of microbial ecological research. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study investigated the impact of the Evogen microbial additive on biogas production and digester quality through microbial abundance and physicochemical parameter analysis. (preprints.org)
  • Significantly higher biogas production was observed in Evogen-treated digesters, highlighting its potential as a microbial additive. (preprints.org)
  • In summary, Evogen microbial additive positively influenced microbial dynamics, improving biogas production and digester quality. (preprints.org)
  • They are composed of monomers of five different sugars (i.e., d -xylose, l -arabinose, d -galactose, d -mannose, and d -glucose). (springeropen.com)
  • This review article focuses on the potential applications of lignocellulosic materials in biotechnology, including the production of bio-fuels, enzymes, chemicals, the pulp and paper, animal feed, and composites. (ncsu.edu)
  • These bacteria lack the aldolase and glucose-6-phosphate NADP + oxidoreductase enzymes and use an alternative route to metabolize carbohydrates, in which phosphoketolases are key. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These enzymes irreversibly cleave the sugar phosphates xylulose-5-phosphate (X5P) and fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and erythrose-4-phosphate (E4P) respectively, releasing an acetyl-phosphate (AcP) in the process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Amylase inhibitors prevent the action of enzymes that break the glycosidic bonds of starches and other complex carbohydrates , preventing the release of simple sugars and absorption by the body. (chromnet.net)
  • Two biogas plants, BG01 and BG02, were examined using 16S rRNA profiling to assess microbial abundance. (preprints.org)
  • Z. mobilis has also been engineered for the production of sorbitol, gluconic acid, levan, 2,3-butanediol, isobutanol, and other biochemicals, which is proposed as an ideal microbial chassis for future synthetic biology and biorefinery (He et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Regardless, during the first decades of this omics era, microbial ecological research has primarily focused on taxa and functional genes as ecological units, favoring breadth of coverage over resolution of biological complexity manifested as physiological diversity. (bvsalud.org)
  • The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and the environment, yet microbiome composition is relatively stable over time for host species ranging from mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key species of bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • however, our understanding of the rates and taxonomic composition of microbial dispersal in natural environments is limited. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we characterized the rate and composition of bacteria dispersing into surface soil via three dispersal routes (from the air above the vegetation, from nearby vegetation and leaf litter near the soil surface, and from the bulk soil and litter below the top layer). (bvsalud.org)
  • We then quantified the impact of those routes on microbial community composition and functioning in the topmost litter layer. (bvsalud.org)
  • While bacteria dispersed through all three routes at the same rate, only dispersal from above and near the soil surface impacted microbiome composition, suggesting that the composition, not rate, of dispersal influenced community assembly. (bvsalud.org)
  • This interest is driven by the need to improve microbial performance to a level that enables biologically possible processes to become economically feasible, thereby fostering the transition from an oil-based economy to a more sustainable bio-based one. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the yield of solvent decreased with the increased initial sugar concentration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This suggests that only hexoses or their conversion products are transported from the vegetative mycelium to the fruiting body, while the other sugars likely provide energy for growth and maintenance of the vegetative mycelium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regrettably, many lignocellulosic materials are still often disposed of by burning, a practice that is not restricted to developing countries alone, but can be considered a global problem. (ncsu.edu)
  • We show that a host-constructed physical niche in the foregut selectively binds bacteria with strain-level specificity, stabilizing their colonization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we present microTrait, a computational pipeline that infers and distills ecologically relevant traits from microbial genome sequences. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results revealed distinct microbial community shifts in Evogen-treated digesters. (preprints.org)
  • This approach is extensible to any microbial habitat, although we provide initial examples of this approach with reference to soil microbiomes. (bvsalud.org)