RT can directly induce cancer cell death through various mechanisms, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. (nature.com)
JNK2 shRNA expressing INS1 cells didn't influence palmitate and high blood sugar induced apoptosis or ER tension markers, but increased appearance in comparison to non-sense shRNA expressing INS1 cells mRNA. (cgp60474.com)
Finally, JNK3 shRNA expressing INS1 cells didn't induce apoptosis in comparison to nonsense shRNA expressing INS1 cells when subjected to palmitate and high blood sugar but showed elevated caspase 9 and 3 cleavage connected with elevated and mRNA appearance. (cgp60474.com)
These data claim that JNK1 protects against palmitate and high glucose-induced -cell apoptosis connected with decreased ER and mitochondrial tension. (cgp60474.com)
Long term and extreme ER tension induced -cell apoptosis is certainly connected with c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation [9], [15]. (cgp60474.com)
In proinflammatory cytokine-induced -cell apoptosis JNK activation is quite transient and rapid [20]. (cgp60474.com)
Paclitaxel triggers anti-mitotic actions by impeding the cell cycle in the late Everolimus mTOR inhibitor stages of mitosis, backing microtubule formation, and eventually inducing apoptosis. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Proven by the use of apoptosis-resistant cellular models and autophagic assays, such isoquinoline alkaloid-induced cytotoxic effect involves energy- and autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7)-dependent autophagy that resulted from direct activation of AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK). (oncotarget.com)
Radiotherapy5
As one of the four major means of cancer treatment including surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, immunotherapy, RT can be applied to various cancers as both a radical cancer treatment and an adjuvant treatment before or after surgery. (nature.com)
Accumulated evidence suggests that bone sarcomas are highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and thus surgical resection is considered as the crucial treatment strategy [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not substantially improved the survival of patients over the last several years [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have limited effect in RCC, and molecular biomarkers are more targetable to guide treatment decisions. (medsci.org)
Death-ligand2
For those who are ineligible for cisplatin-based regimens or experience progression of disease, in 2016-2017 the United States Food and Drug Administration approved five monoclonal antibodies that achieve immune checkpoint blockade by targeting the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway. (iospress.com)
Immunotherapy mainly includes immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as inhibitors of PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). (nature.com)
Hypoxia-induced2
Targeting sphingolipid metabolism with the sphingosine kinase inhibitor SKI-II overcomes hypoxia-induced chemotherapy resistance in glioblastoma cells: effects on cell death, self-renewal, and invasion. (mpg.de)
The mixture of conditions in the microenvironment exemplified by hypoxia-induced ovarian cancer TNTs playing a crucial role in tumor growth, as just one example, is a potential avenue of investigation that will uncover their role in relation to other known factors, including EVs. (frontiersin.org)
Autophagy4
Many roads lead to CASM: Diverse stimuli of noncanonical autophagy share a unifying molecular mechanism. (babraham.ac.uk)
Here, we review the diverse, and still expanding, collection of stimuli and processes now known to harness the noncanonical autophagy pathway, including engulfment processes, drug treatments, TRPML1 and STING signaling, viral infection, and other pathogenic factors. (babraham.ac.uk)
During cellular starvation, AMPK induces autophagy by phosphorylating Ulk1, the mammalian counterpart of ATG1, at Ser 317 and 777 [ 3 , 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
however, DHCer induces autophagy and may be important in the regulation of this important cellular process. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Cytotoxic effects2
Studies have shown that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates tumor growth, and also induces mutations or produces cytotoxic effects concurrently. (medsci.org)
However, multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells may avoid the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy by glycosylating ceramide. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Pathway3
KEGG pathway term mTOR signaling pathway is observed to be meliorated in this tricluster and has been reported to be associated Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries with estrogen induced breast cancer cell. (ampk-signal.com)
This finding is consistent with the idea that Rac1 is situated downstream of Rap1 in the signaling pathway that induces scattering of v Abl/3T3/wtCbl cells. (survivinpathway.com)
Although the mechanisms of gene activation are still unclear, ceramide's role as a messenger of cytotoxic response to chemotherapy might be linked to the MDR pathway. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Bacterial2
These biological nanopores have been designed to protect the interior of the bacterial cell from leakage of toxic compounds while selectively allowing the entry of the molecules needed for cell growth and function. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The pathophysiology of erythema multiforme (EM) is still not completely understood, but it is probably immunologically mediated and appears to involve a hypersensitivity reaction that can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, particularly bacterial, viral, or chemical products. (medscape.com)
Proliferation1
Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with Wnt3a or GSK-3β inhibitor drives the proliferation of bone sarcoma cells, whereas downregulation of activated Wnt signaling with dnTCF4 or siLEF1 suppresses bone sarcoma proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest. (oncotarget.com)
Upregulation2
The pharmacological agents chlorpromazine and cyclosporin A also impaired the oxysterol-induced expression of IL-1ß and upregulation of MHC II. (bvsalud.org)
Here we demonstrate aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in bone sarcoma cells, involving an autocrine Wnt signaling loop with upregulation of specific Wnt ligands and receptors. (oncotarget.com)
Malignant3
Although the intended target is the malignant cells of Hodgkin lymphoma, the effects of chemotherapy on normal cells of the body are considerable and account for the adverse effects observed with these agents. (medscape.com)
This difference allows normal cells to recover more quickly than malignant ones after chemotherapy and is the rationale behind current cyclic dosage schedules. (medscape.com)
Treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic LC presents a significant challenge as malignant cells use different mechanisms to resist chemotherapy. (preprints.org)
Inhibition1
Currently, it's challenging to predict what method of HIF inhibition mixed with chemotherapy will make improvements to the cancer therapy. (hdacassay.com)
Modulation1
However, in the treatment of diseases such as chronic pruritus, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, the use of selective H4R ligands and/or modulation of H1 and H4 receptor synergism may be more effective for such pathophysiological conditions. (hindawi.com)
Mechanisms2
These results indicate that 7-oxysterols differentially induce CD14 expression in vascular cells and contribute to the monocytic cell expression of CD14 via overlapping, but distinct, mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
As the underlying cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood pharmacotherapies for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy are limited. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Immune2
In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
The emergence of immunotherapy has recently disrupted the paradigm of traditional cancer treatment (including the three traditional treatments RT, chemotherapy, and surgery), and immunotherapy functions by activating the body's immune system to fight cancer. (nature.com)
Protein2
In the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a Wnt ligand binds to a cell surface receptor complex consisting of the members of Frizzled family and the transmembrane protein LRP 5 and 6 to prevent phosphorylation and degradation of β-catenin by the GSK3β/APC/Axin destruction complex. (oncotarget.com)
In this case the impaired protein folding induced by heat stress is, at least partially, counteracted by an increased expression of chaperone proteins. (cell-stress.com)
Activation3
Direct activation of PVA neurons using optogenetics and pharmacological approaches were sufficient to induce persistent mechanical hyperalgesia in naive animals. (iasp-pain.org)
As a result, activation of right central nucleus of amygdala with blue light was enough to induce persistent mechanical hyperalgesia. (iasp-pain.org)
In conclusion, isoquinoline alkaloid is a new class of compound that induce autophagic cell death in drug-resistant fibroblasts or cancers by exhibiting its direct activation on AMPK. (oncotarget.com)
Transcription4
The transcription factor RBPJ forms a coactivator complex in the presence of a Notch signal, whereas it represses Notch target genes in the absence of a Notch stimulus. (uni-ulm.de)
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a bona fide ligand-regulated transcription factor. (uni-ulm.de)
ATF4 activates the transcription of C/EBP homologous proteins (CHOP), considered to mediate palmitate-induced -cell loss of life [10], [11]. (cgp60474.com)
Dynamic IRE1 splices X-box binding proteins-1 (Xbp)-1 mRNA, translating into a dynamic transcription aspect sXbp-1 that induces ER chaperones and ER-associated proteins degradation. (cgp60474.com)
Receptor1
This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (cancerindex.org)
Response3
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the best option for decades, but only 50% of patients benefit in the form of objective responses, and just 13-25% experience a complete response [ 1 ]. (iospress.com)
For functional genomics studies, it is important to understand the dynamic expression profiles of transcribed genes in different tissues, stages of development and in response to environmental stimuli. (rna-seqblog.com)
Increasing response to sexual stimuli in healthy people. (webmd.com)
Sperm1
During this period, fibrinogen from the seminal vesicles forms a clot, securing and protecting the sperm. (wikipedia.org)
Strongly2
Recent evidence strongly suggests that H4R ligands might be exploited as potential therapeutics in allergy, inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and possibly cancer. (hindawi.com)
Our data revealed that CD14 expression was most strongly induced after treatment with 7αOHChol. (bvsalud.org)
Cellular1
In this review we summarize recent data regarding stress-induced changes in endocytosis and discuss how these changes might contribute to the cellular adaptation to stress in different systems. (cell-stress.com)
Depends2
The choice of chemotherapy depends on several factors, including the patient's performance status, age, renal function, desire for inpatient or outpatient therapy, and likelihood of receiving future autologous stem cell transplantation. (medscape.com)
Take-n together, these results suggest that the effect of Rap1 depends o-n Rac1, while the effect of Rac1 is in-dependent of Rap1, hence arguing that Rac1 is located downstream of Rap1 in the spreading inducing signaling in v Abl/3T3/wtCbl cells. (survivinpathway.com)
Survival2
RT-induced damage to cancer cells leads to different outcomes, such as survival, senescence, or death. (nature.com)
Drug resistance hinder most cancer chemotherapies and leads to disease recurrence and poor survival of patients. (oncotarget.com)
Cells1
Extracellular vesicles transfer chromatin-like structures that induce non-mutational dysfunction of p53 in bone marrow stem cells. (mpg.de)
Stages1
estrogen stimulus To cogitate each tricluster with di?erent estrogen respon sive stages of the experiment, we represent each triclus ter by eigengene. (ampk-signal.com)
Gene1
The BIC gene is activated by promoter insertion at a retroviral integration site on chromosome 21q21 in B cell lymphomas induced by avian leukosis virus. (biomedcentral.com)
Drug2
Upon V0-V1 binding, V-ATPase recruits ATG16L1, via K490, during LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), STING- and drug-induced CASM, indicating a common mechanism. (babraham.ac.uk)
As well as the enzyme complexes directly responsible for LC3 lipidation in all contexts, we show the RALGAP complex is important for M2-induced, but not ionophore drug-induced, LC3 lipidation. (babraham.ac.uk)
Treat2
In addition, erythropoietin is used to treat anemia, either alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
Gabapentin, amytriptyline and opioids are used to treat chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Make1
The chemotherapeutic agent used, dosing schedule, type of cancer, and presence of additional medical complications make a difference to the occurrence and severity of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Increase1
The extent of IL-1ß increase induced by 25OHChol and 27OHChol was comparable to that caused by oligomeric ß-amyloid, and the IL-1ß expression induced by the oxysterols was not impaired by polymyxin B, which inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1ß expression. (bvsalud.org)
Agents1
Triple-target stimuli-responsive anti-COVID-19 face mask with physiological virus-inactivating agents. (mpg.de)
Time1
Doxorubicin liposomal is a pegylated formulation that protects the liposomes and, thereby, increases blood circulation time. (medscape.com)