• Long-term occupational exposure to cotton dust that contains endotoxin is associated with chronic respiratory symptoms and excessive decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV 1 ), but the mechanisms of endotoxin-related chronic airflow obstruction remain unclear. (nih.gov)
  • An expert panel constructed a job exposure matrix of parental occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. (bmj.com)
  • Therefore, we assessed associations between occupational exposure to pesticides and genome-wide DNA methylation sites. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions We show for the first time that occupational exposure to pesticides is genome-wide associated with differential DNA methylation. (bmj.com)
  • The ongoing emphasis on abatement of lead environments places added emphasis on occupational exposure to lead (eg, among workers at smelters or battery recycling plants). (medscape.com)
  • Whereas occupational exposure remains an occasional concern, the greatest public health issue related to lead at present is exposure of young children to decaying fragments of leaded paint. (medscape.com)
  • At higher levels of emulsifiable solution, dust, seed dressing, Dermal - Predominant route of exposure Inhalation exposure AChE inhibition may result in impregnated materials, and for workers during production, handling, An acute-duration inhalation MRL was cholinergic signs and symptoms microencapsulated forms. (cdc.gov)
  • Information is given on sources of depleted uranium exposure, the likely routes of acute and chronic intake, the potential health risks from both the radiological and chemical toxicity standpoints and future research needs. (who.int)
  • Short-term activation of protein kinase C by 5 min exposure to PMA caused an acute increase in Na/H antiporter activity that was not prevented by cycloheximide or actinomycin D and did not persist 24 h later. (jci.org)
  • Oxidative damage was not detected in the experimental common carp, however there were significant differences from control in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) in tissue after acute exposure to 13.8 μg.l-1 Fury 10 EW. (nel.edu)
  • Estimations of blood lead levels are more useful for diagnosing acute lead poisoning, whereas the extent of past lead exposure can be estimated by determining the body burden of lead on the basis of results from the edetate (EDTA) calcium disodium (CaNa 2 EDTA) lead mobilization test. (medscape.com)
  • Significant inhalation exposure is likely although diazinon is expected to be to diazinon. (cdc.gov)
  • derived for intermediate-duration anxiety, drowsiness, confusion, and applications, but is currently limited to inhalation exposure (15-364 days). (cdc.gov)
  • Selected chemical and physical properties, toxicokinetic and mechanistic data, and inhalation exposure levels from the National Research Council (NRC) and other agencies are also presented. (nationalacademies.org)
  • There is strong epidemiological evidence for relationships between short- and long-term exposure to particulates and cardiopulmonary mortality, hospitalization and respiratory disease (e.g. asthma, chronic bronchitis, rhinitis) (WHO 2013 ). (springer.com)
  • Recent endotoxin exposure was significantly associated with byssinosis, chronic bronchitis, and chronic cough. (nih.gov)
  • Previous analyses of the present study population, a cohort of Chinese cotton textile workers, evaluated longitudinal change in FEV 1 and the occurrence of chronic respiratory symptoms in relation to cumulative endotoxin exposure. (nih.gov)
  • Effect of chronic exposure to prometryne on oxidative stress and antioxidant response in early life stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. (nel.edu)
  • Chronic exposure to sunlight ages the skin (photoaging, dermatoheliosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The second is chronic lead nephropathy (see the image below), which is a slowly progressive interstitial nephritis resulting from excessive cumulative exposure to lead and is frequently associated with hypertension and gout. (medscape.com)
  • Furthermore, lead exposure, at much lower levels than those causing lead nephropathy, acts as a cofactor with more established renal risk factors to increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and the rate of progression. (medscape.com)
  • Out of all 1.6 million births in Norway in the period 1967-95, 836 475 and 1 290 298 births had information on maternal and paternal exposure, respectively. (bmj.com)
  • Paternal exposure was associated with increased risks of anencephaly (p=0.01) and a category of "other defects" (p=0.02). (bmj.com)
  • Significant dermal exposure is likely only oxidation, hydrolysis, desulfuration, and was registered for home use. (cdc.gov)
  • Dermal contact is considered a relatively unimportant type of exposure since little of the depleted uranium will pass across the skin into the blood. (who.int)
  • To study exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during the first year of life, 220 infants attending the outpatient paediatric clinic of the University of Jordan for routine visits with their mothers were recruited to the study. (who.int)
  • Infant and early childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is well recognized as a health hazard [1]. (who.int)
  • In the face of public concern over mounting evidence that PFASs are associated with adverse human health outcomes, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently released a plan to revisit federal exposure standards [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Environmental factors, like UV radiation or chemical exposure, can damage your DNA. (healthline.com)
  • Exposures of the general population to 2-nitrotoluene through environmental media (air, drinking water and soil) are expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)
  • Margins of exposure were not calculated for non-cancer effects in this assessment since non-cancer effects occurred at a dose at which tumours were observed and because the information available indicates that exposures of the general Canadian population to 2-nitrotoluene from either environmental media or consumer products are expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)
  • This general capacity is important at plant level when environmental conditions are changing. (frontiersin.org)
  • We assessed trends in blood lead levels in youths and adults with cotinine-verified tobacco smoke exposure by using 10 years of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (cdc.gov)
  • Geometric mean levels of blood lead are presented for increasing levels of tobacco smoke exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Recommendations are made to protect this vulnerable population from tobacco smoke exposure. (who.int)
  • The results demonstrated that Cd exposure disrupted the balance between the blood and intestinal flora in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a significant increase in gut microbiota ( Clostridia_UCG_014 , NK4A214_group ) and blood microbiome ( Corynebacterium , Muribaculaceae ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Excessive exposure to Cd has been reported to trigger oxidative stress, induce cellular and molecular alterations that disrupt the body's metabolic equilibrium, and damage the intestine, resulting in dysbiosis ( 2 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Youths with secondhand smoke exposure had blood lead levels suggestive of the potential for adverse cognitive outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Given the crude exposure assessment, lack of comparable studies, and the high number of outcomes considered, the results should be interpreted with caution. (bmj.com)
  • Several of these studies were reviewed by Robert, 2 but present no convincing evidence that exposure to electromagnetic fields in pregnant women or their partners is associated with reproductive outcomes. (bmj.com)
  • We analyzed birth outcomes in the east Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area from 2002 to 2011, where a portion of the population faced elevated exposure to PFASs due to long-term contamination of drinking water supplies from industrial waste disposal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings provide evidence of a causal relationship between filtration of drinking water containing high levels of exposure to PFASs and improved reproductive outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some studies have identified relationships between PFAS exposure and reproductive outcomes, although the evidence regarding the pathway and significance of associations is mixed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This paper provides new evidence of the effect of PFOA and PFOS exposure on reproductive outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Positive trend tests indicate that a linear relationship exists between smoke exposure and blood lead levels in youths and adults and that secondhand smoke exposure contributes to blood lead levels above the level caused by smoking. (cdc.gov)
  • We suggest that the anti-HIV-1gp120 antiidiotype-like complex contributes to the markedly elevated platelet Ig and C3 level of HIV-1-ITP patients and propose that this may contribute to their thrombocytopenia. (jci.org)
  • CO 2 is heavier than air, and that contributes to the development of toxic exposure situations in enclosed spaces. (nationalacademies.org)
  • New research highlights the long-term risks children face from lead exposure, finding that adults who were exposed to leaded gasoline in childhood were more likely to have reduced intelligence and lower job standing later in life. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Researchers concluded lead exposure in childhood was significantly associated with lower cognitive function. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Lead is a developmental neurotoxin and no safe levels of lead exposure exist for children. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Risks of 24 categories of birth defects were compared across exposure levels. (bmj.com)
  • Maternal exposure was associated with increased risks of spina bifida (p=0.04) and clubfoot (p=0.04). (bmj.com)
  • Children, women, older people and outdoor workers, other sources of indoor air pollution such as incense and among other vulnerable groups, are at greater risks as candles burning, should be minimized or even eliminated, they are subjected to higher levels of air pollution. (who.int)
  • For subjects with a history of smoking, we also applied the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and we evaluated the level of motivation to quit smoking among the current smokers. (who.int)
  • CONCLUSION: This study report nicotine dependence level among school-going adolescents who identify themselves as waterpipe users using the WTQ. (who.int)
  • Analyses were based on tests for trend and were adjusted for parents' educational level, place of birth, maternal age, and year of birth. (bmj.com)
  • Prevalence of ever having used radiation was thought to be harmless, with the indoor tanning facilities ranges from 5% in introduction of tanning applances emitting UVA at Northern Italy to 87% in Swedish women, and is levels similar to or even exceeding those from nat- currently very high in Northern European coun- ural sunlight. (who.int)
  • Here, we assessed the long-term effects of exposure to fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, during adolescence on behavioral reactivity to emotion-eliciting stimuli. (jneurosci.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that exposure to FLX during adolescence modulates responsiveness to emotion-eliciting stimuli in adulthood, at least partially, via long-lasting adaptations in ERK-related signaling within the VTA. (jneurosci.org)
  • We used a generalized estimating equations approach to model FEV 1 level and respiratory symptoms as a function of past exposure (cumulative exposure up to the start of the most recent 5-year survey interval) and cumulative exposure (within the most recent interval) to endotoxins, after adjusting for other covariates. (nih.gov)
  • The smoking technique leads to a different exposure to potential hazardous compounds compared to cigarette or classical pipe smoking. (who.int)
  • Adverse health impact of air pollution on health may not only be associated with the level of exposure, but rather mediated by perception of the pollution and by top-down processing (e.g. beliefs of the exposure being hazardous), especially in areas with relatively low levels of pollutants. (springer.com)
  • This scientific review on depleted uranium is part of WHO's continuing process of assessment of possible health effects of exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. (who.int)
  • The hypothetical relevance of any source that provides fields of a particular wavelength makes a complete exposure assessment extremely difficult. (bmj.com)
  • Research on the effects of lead on adults has prompted the suggestion that acceptable levels of lead in adults be dropped almost to those of children. (medscape.com)
  • In summary, the present data suggest that deficits of BDNF levels and signaling through ERK1/2 and alpha-CaMKII might contribute to cognitive and neuroplastic defects associated with prenatal exposure to cannabinoids. (researchgate.net)
  • Researchers noted increased levels of lead in the blood was linked to downward socioeconomic mobility, which they said could be partially due to cognitive decline from childhood. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on microbiota and serum metabolism in rats by omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Whether the excessive decline in lung function and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms are influenced differently by more recent or more remote exposure to endotoxin is unknown. (nih.gov)
  • Methods 1561 subjects of LifeLines were included with either no (n=1392), low (n=108) or high (n=61) exposure to any type of pesticides (estimated based on current or last held job). (bmj.com)
  • The study was published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association , evaluating the long-term side effects for children who grew up in the 1970s in New Zealand, which had high levels of leaded gasoline at that time, By the time the children reached the age of 38, they no only had decreased IQ levels, but also were negatively affected economically. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Most are minorities, meaning such exposures add to numerous problems already plaguing inner city black and Latino youths, such as poverty, high crime and poor schools. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Little data available on high doses, long exposure, use with QT interval-prolonging drugs, potassium channel variants causing prolonged QT interval, in patients with a family history of (or congenital) long QT syndrome, or in patients with known acquired QT interval prolongation. (nih.gov)
  • Phenotypic variability shown in in vitro culture systems is due to high genotype dependence, going from species level to the level of cultivar/variety and individual genotypes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Exposure is also increased at high altitudes primarily because of a thinner atmosphere. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Loss of consciousness can occur within a minute of exposure at 300,000 ppm and within 5-10 minutes (min) of exposure at 100,000 ppm (HSDB 2004). (nationalacademies.org)
  • More than 90% of the All countries where many people still cook using biomass people living in our urban areas are exposed to air and other dirty fuels, such as kerosene, can develop pollutants levels that exceed World Health Organization programmes to improve access to clean energy sources, (WHO) guideline limits for health protection (2). (who.int)
  • Perceived pollution and health risk perception, in particular in large cities, play important roles in understanding and predicting environmentally induced symptoms and diseases at relatively low levels of air pollution. (springer.com)
  • Apart from direct health effects induced by exposure, the mere perception of pollution may cause health symptoms as a protective mechanism. (springer.com)
  • in order to reduce air pollution and exposure levels. (who.int)
  • Changes in the composition of the gut microbiome can affect the pathology of peripheral organs in several ways ( 7 ), transfer functional biomolecules horizontally between bacterial and mammalian host cells by releasing the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) ( 7 ), and affect the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by regulating energy metabolism ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • No associations between childhood blood lead level and deficits in verbal comprehension and processing speed were noted. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Tobacco smoke is a source of exposure to thousands of toxic chemicals including lead, a chemical of longstanding public health concern. (cdc.gov)
  • Just 10 minutes of daily UV exposure is sufficient to eliminate the need for regular chemical sanitization. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure is associated with a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • Associations between pesticide exposure and 420 938 methylation sites (CpGs) were assessed using robust linear regression adjusted for appropriate confounders. (bmj.com)
  • Several of the identified genes, for example, RYR1 , ALLC , PTPRN2 , LRRC3B , PAX2 and VTRNA2-1 , are genes previously linked to either pesticide exposure or lung-related diseases. (bmj.com)
  • Millions of workers worldwide are exposed daily to occupational pesticide exposure, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • A significantly lower large lymphocyte and monocyte count, and a significantly greater number of segmented eosinophil granulocyte and higher hematocrit was found in the pesticide-exposed common carp compared to controls. (nel.edu)
  • Despite remediation efforts in housing and the environment and declining smoking rates and secondhand smoke exposure in the United States, tobacco smoke continues to be a substantial source of exposure to lead in vulnerable populations and the population in general. (cdc.gov)
  • Long-term activation of protein kinase C by 2 h exposure to PMA caused a dose-dependent increase in Na/H antiporter activity 24 h later. (jci.org)
  • However, the long-term exposure-response relationship between endotoxin and change in lung function and respiratory symptoms is not well understood. (nih.gov)
  • The timing of exposure is not the only potential influence on the long-term effects of endotoxin on changes in lung function. (nih.gov)
  • For post-test levels between 4 and 10 pCi/L, consider a long-term test (minimum 90 days) to confirm an increase before undertaking the mitigation process. (greencommunitiesonline.org)
  • Mothers completed a questionnaire about smoking habits of household members, and urine samples were obtained from infants for analysis of cotinine levels. (who.int)
  • A total of 60.0% of infants were reported to be exposed to passive smoking at home and 36.4% had detectable levels of urine cotinine (mean 7.1 ng/mL, range 0.27-41 ng/mL). (who.int)
  • Conclusion: The present study gives an indication of an association between selected disorders of the central nervous system and parental exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. (bmj.com)
  • The subcommittee's recommendations for CO 2 exposure levels are provided at the conclusion of this chapter along with a discussion of the adequacy of the data for defining those levels and the research needed to fill the remaining data gaps. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Adverse renal effects have been reported at mean blood lead levels of less than 5 mcg/dL. (medscape.com)
  • The data refute the model proposing that exposure level significantly influences symptoms and disease. (springer.com)
  • Instead, the perceived exposure influences symptoms and the effect of perceived exposure on disease is mediated by health risk perception. (springer.com)
  • In the current study, we examined temporal aspects of the exposure-response relationship between airborne endotoxin exposure, longitudinal change in FEV 1 , and respiratory symptoms in a cohort of Chinese cotton textile workers. (nih.gov)
  • In the present study, we evaluated the exposure-response relationship between cumulative endotoxin exposure and longitudinal change in FEV 1 and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in an updated follow-up of a 25-year prospective cohort study of Chinese cotton textile workers. (nih.gov)
  • For this purpose, WIN 55,212-2 was injected in pregnant wistar rats from gestation day 5 to 20 and a detailed analysis of the levels of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as of the signaling molecules extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and alpha-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (alpha-CaMKII) was carried out in adult offspring. (researchgate.net)
  • Exposure to 2-nitrotoluene has also been associated with non-cancer effects in experimental animals, including developmental and reproductive effects as well as effects in the lungs, liver, spleen, bone marrow and the hematopoietic system. (gc.ca)
  • Overall, 94 percent of children tested had blood levels higher than the limits set today, 5 micrograms per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • A 3-year longitudinal study of pig farmers observed a significant linear association between endotoxin exposure and annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV 1 ). (nih.gov)
  • 2-Nitrotoluene was identified as presenting an intermediate potential for exposure of individuals in Canada and had been classified by other agencies on the basis of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. (gc.ca)
  • The consequences of prolonged exposure in close proximity to parental smoking are exacerbated by infants' immature immune and pulmonary systems [2], small body size and higher rates of ventilation [3]. (who.int)
  • The mechanisms underlying the enduring neurobiological consequences of antidepressant exposure during adolescence are poorly understood. (jneurosci.org)
  • The levels below the Oberligen differ between the local areas. (wikipedia.org)
  • In January, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) began considering lowering the "safe level" or "level of concern" for lead in children's blood , which may help to identify more children suffering from lead poisoning. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Results: The total risk of birth defects was not associated with parental exposure. (bmj.com)
  • Actinic Keratoses Actinic keratoses are precancerous changes in skin cells (keratinocytes) that are a frequent consequence of many years of sun exposure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Infertility problems and miscarriage rates increase significantly after 35 years of age. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Design, construction, and operations strategies may contribute to a healthier environment by reducing exposure to toxins, managing the indoor environment, and promoting health through design. (greencommunitiesonline.org)
  • The summary of the monograph on Depleted uranium: sources, exposure and health effects,1 referred to in paragraph 10 of document A54/19, is annexed. (who.int)
  • Exposure to Cd increases the abundance of pathogenic intestinal bacteria and disrupts the microbial ecosystem, leading to microecological dysbiosis ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • lasmiditan increases levels of ivermectin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • The odds of acquiring CIR infection significantly increased each year. (cdc.gov)
  • higher levels have been measured and Disease Registry working environments where diazinon is Normal Human Levels near application sites. (cdc.gov)
  • The average blood lead levels at that age was 10.99 mg/dL. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Increased bone turnover with pregnancy, menopause, lactation, or immobilization can increase blood lead levels. (medscape.com)
  • Lead levels were evaluated for smokers and nonsmokers on the basis of age of residence and occupation. (cdc.gov)
  • Thirty-nine women (63.9%) reported exposure to passive smoking. (who.int)
  • The general fertility rate was also significantly lower in the exposed population (incidence rate ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.69-0.77) prior to filtration and appeared to be rebounding post-2006. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based upon the information obtained on current uses of 2-nitrotoluene in Canada , exposure of the general population is expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)
  • The aim of our study was to identify molecular changes produced by prenatal exposure to WIN 55,212-2 that might contribute to late disruption in synaptic plasticity and cognition. (researchgate.net)
  • The aim of this study was to determine students' exposure to sex education and identify students' perceptions of accessibility to sexual health advice and their preferences in implementing sex education. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Greater exposure through television and higher attendance levels helps 1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Each 5 mg/dL higher level of blood lead during childhood was also associated with 1.79 point lower score in socioeconomic status. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • Then, if radon levels after renovation are ≥ 4 pCi/L AND higher than the radon levels before upgrades, install mitigation in accordance with ANSI - AARST RMS - MF 2018 for multifamily or, for homes, either ANSI - AARST SGM - SF -2017 or ASTM 2121. (greencommunitiesonline.org)
  • Average birth weight and average gestational age were statistically significantly lower in the highly exposed population than in the control area prior to filtration of municipal water supply. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sources of exposure to magnetic fields are numerous. (bmj.com)
  • Therefore, most studies focus on particular sources of exposure. (bmj.com)
  • Studies concerning specific sources of exposure relative to fetal development and pregnancy outcome have included the use of electric blankets, heated waterbeds, power lines, video display terminals, and other occupational sources. (bmj.com)
  • Immunohistochemical and immunochemical investigations confirmed these observations at the protein level. (researchgate.net)
  • Adolescent FLX exposure suppressed depression-like behavior, as measured by the social interaction and forced swim tests, while enhancing anxiety-like responses in the elevated plus maze in adulthood. (jneurosci.org)
  • erdafitinib will increase the level or effect of ivermectin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • clarithromycin will increase the level or effect of ivermectin by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. (medscape.com)
  • Both genes showed an increase in transcript levels until 36 h after explant inoculation, and a subsequent down-regulation, before the initiation of exponential growth. (frontiersin.org)