• The lipid assay showed a rise in liver free cholesterol content and a significant reduction in cholesterol esters level. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The effect of NSE on lipid imbalance led to a decrease in protein carbonylation level that may result in improvement of transmembrane protein function under obesity-induced insulin resistance state. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The skeletal muscle showed a lower oxidative damage than in the heart, evaluated by lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation. (uniroma3.it)
  • Mechanistically, this resistance requires sustained activation of mTORC1 and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)C1-dependent induction of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), a central transcription factor regulating lipid metabolism. (biomed.news)
  • The pro-oxidative environment was con- firmed by the higher amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the development of lipid peroxi- dation and protein carbonylation, as well as from the disruption of antioxidant capability. (unibo.it)
  • Yet another flavonoid, narigenin, located in all citric fruits, appears to increase antioxidant defenses by limiting lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation [85,94]. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) cause chemical modifications of biological molecules, leading to alterations in cellular signaling pathways, and total RCS levels have been used as a lipid peroxidation marker linked to lifestyle-related diseases. (nih.gov)
  • In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat kidney, the present study investigated the effects of the synthetic pyridoindole antioxidant stobadine (STB) on renal total antioxidant potential (AOP) and protein oxidation parameters such as protein carbonyl content (PCC), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker specific for protein modification by peroxynitrite. (nel.edu)
  • Average protein carbonyl concentrations were measured in patients grouped in 5-year age intervals (ranging from 56-60 to 86-90). (molvis.org)
  • The present study shows for the first time an age-increased OS-induced protein damage (protein carbonyl formation) in the AH and LECs/capsule of CAT patients with PEX, POAG or PXG. (molvis.org)
  • Indeed, increased protein carbonyl content is a hallmark of cellular and organismal aging. (springernature.com)
  • The introduction of carbonyl groups into amino acid side chains of proteins represents one possible form of protein modification after attack by reactive oxygen species. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Carbonyl groups are readily detectable and the observed amounts can thus serve as an indicator for the severity of protein damage. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Oxidative stress biomarkers were monitored: protein carbonyl content and activity of glutathione Stransferase and catalase. (unios.hr)
  • Injection Habrobracon hebetor venom into Pyrrhocoris apterus body caused decrease in protein carbonyl content in hemolymph but increased carbonylation in midgut. (unios.hr)
  • IF also suffered from oxidative stress, as indicated by increased TBARS in the liver and brain, as well as increased protein carbonyl content in the gills and liver. (bio.br)
  • The inference that protein oxidation is a primary mechanism of Cr toxicity was corroborated by an observed ∼20-fold increase in the cellular levels of protein carbonyls within 30 min of Cr exposure. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • To counter high ROS levels, cells have antioxidant mechanisms that reduce the excess ROS in the cell and keep the 'redox' (from reduction and oxidation) balance of the cell. (elifesciences.org)
  • One way to measure protein oxidation is to determine levels of protein carbonyls. (springernature.com)
  • Mito-tempol and dexrazoxane exhibit cardioprotective and chemotherapeutic effects through specific protein oxidation and autophagy in a syngeneic breast tumor preclinical model. (tempol.info)
  • Our findings also emphasize the novel role of specific protein oxidation markers and autophagic mechanisms for cardioprotection. (tempol.info)
  • Some of the proposed mechanisms involve the reversible thiol oxidation of muscle proteins as well as ROS-induced protein carbonylation. (edu.au)
  • Although the functions of several muscle proteins have been reported to be affected by these processes, it still remains to be determined whether the thiol oxidation levels of these and other proteins increase with fatiguing muscle stimulation, and whether this is an important mechanism of ROS-mediated muscle fatigue. (edu.au)
  • Using EDL muscle preparations from rats, this thesis provides evidence that reversible protein thiol oxidation plays a more important role than protein carbonylation in muscle fatigue. (edu.au)
  • Firstly, total protein thiol oxidation level increases in response to fatiguing stimulation, but not following sustained non-fatiguing stimulation. (edu.au)
  • Secondly, unlike protein carbonylation responses, the recovery of muscle contractile performance after fatiguing stimulation is accompanied by a return of total protein thiol oxidation to pre-stimulation level. (edu.au)
  • Thirdly, both muscle fatigue and total protein thiol oxidation level are more pronounced when fatiguing stimulation takes place in the presence of the thiol oxidising agent, diamide. (edu.au)
  • Fourthly, muscle contraction performed with the thiol reducing agent, dithiotreitol (DTT), decreases the magnitude of both muscle fatigue and total protein thiol oxidation level without affecting protein carbonylation level. (edu.au)
  • The muscle proteins targeted by reversible protein thiol oxidation include the contractile proteins, actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin. (edu.au)
  • These disulphides canthe decreased for the thiol level by means of thiol groups of cysteine residues, and it with thiol oxidation modulate the signalling the activity of glutaredoxins or thioredoxins, has been shown to being a crucial node cascades of senescence, resistance and defence mechanisms [167]. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • Cysteine is the most important redox-responsive amino acid within proteins largely due to the wide range of oxidation states that sulfur can occupy-so called, "sulfur switches" [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The results of this work showed a rise in the content of monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1 n-9) and a reduction in the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (20:4 n-6) in plasma of rats with experimental IR. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Paralleling these changes in cardiac function, CeO2 nanoparticle treatment also diminished MCT-induced increases in right ventricular (RV) cardiomyocyte cross sectional area, ß-myosin heavy chain, fibronectin expression, protein nitrosylation, protein carbonylation and cardiac superoxide levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Survival contains a form of SOD with extraordinary high activity level against the superoxide radical. (niod.com)
  • This study shows for the first time a scenario of cooperative glutathione peroxidase and heme oxygenase-1 upregulation to suppress superoxide dismutase, catalase, heat shock protein-70 and thioredoxin-1 downregulation effects in experimental CM, counteracting oxidative damage and maintaining redox equilibrium. (abo.fi)
  • Proteins carry out and assure the maintenance of all biological functions, therefore there is a paradigm arguing that aging and age-related diseases are the consequences of the accumulation of oxidative damage to proteins. (springernature.com)
  • Available proof issues enhanced accumulation of oxidative modifications, like the presence of protein covalent adducts (carbonylation, binding of. (lckinhibitor.com)
  • Mechanism of chromate reduction by the Escherichia coli protein, NfsA, and the role of different chromate reductases in minimizing oxidative stress during chromate reduction. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In contrast, antioxidant intervention achieved a low-level redox balance by inhibiting oxidative stress. (elifesciences.org)
  • Alternatively, indirect methods for assessing oxidative stress have been applied and focus mainly on the oxidative damage ROS cause in biomolecules, such are lipids, proteins, and DNA. (molvis.org)
  • Finally, pro-ceramide genes, examined because ceramides cause insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, were significantly up-regulated by HFD and/or NDEA exposure, but the highest levels were generally present in brains of HFD+NDEA treated rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Artificial preloading with general stress proteins resulted in a lower level of protein carbonylation when cells were subjected to oxidative stress, but no differences were detected between wild-type and 'sigB' mutant cells. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • The screening of mutants in sB-controlled genes revealed an important role for the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding protein Dps in the context of sB-mediated resistance to oxidative stress underlining previous reports. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • The thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase TrxA is an essential protein in 'B. subtilis' that is suggested to be involved in maintaining the cytoplasmic thiol-disulfide state even under conditions of oxidative stress. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Increased oxidative stress within the inactive muscle derives from the imbalance amongst the muscle anti-oxidant defense, reduced by the enhance of protein catabolism, along with the physiological oxidant production [85]. (lckinhibitor.com)
  • However, the oxidative stress markers reactive oxygen/nitrogen species were not accumulated in the brains of CM mice and redox proteomics and immunohistochemistry failed to detect quantitative or qualitative differences in protein carbonylation. (abo.fi)
  • Lipoproteins contain apolipoproteins, triacylglycerols, free and esterified cholesterol, and phospholipids, all of which are susceptible to oxidative stress when high levels of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals are present. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These reactive intracellular dicarbonyls (these kinds of as glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone) react with amino teams of intracellular and extracellular proteins to kind AGEs [8]. (adenosine-kinase.com)
  • The slow rate of change of protein carbonyls strongly suggests a long-term implication of OS in ocular disease pathogenesis. (molvis.org)
  • Moreover, the findings of the present study establish the use of protein carbonyls (together with a methodology for their more accurate quantification, which overcomes serious unreliability problems of past methods) as an age accumulative marker of OS damage, for future studies that investigate long-term OS involvement in pseudoexfoliative ocular disorders. (molvis.org)
  • Currently, protein carbonylation is detected and quantified with 2D gel-based methods using specific fluorescent dyes coupled with hydrazide that reacts with protein carbonyls. (springernature.com)
  • Aminooxy-Au15 NCs, to enhance the detection of protein carbonyls by optical methods (see Figure 1). (springernature.com)
  • As the first proof of our concept of detection of the protein carbonyls in a native 1D gel, the aminooxy-Au15 NCs were mixed and incubated with oxidized and non-oxidized lysozyme recombinant protein. (springernature.com)
  • These findings indicate that STB is an antioxidant factor which can improve glycoxidative stress markers in kidney, while it has no effect on protein nitrosylation. (nel.edu)
  • However, PRL levels did not correlate to BMI, insulin, HOMA-IR or lipids in any of these three treatment groups. (nel.edu)
  • Furthermore, stobadine treatment significantly decreased protein carbonylation and AOPPs but not NT. (nel.edu)
  • LW1564 also significantly decreased overall ATP levels by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I and downregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling by increasing the AMP/ATP ratio, which increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. (biomed.news)
  • The application of low concentrations of H2O2 prior to the exposure to otherwise lethal levels of peroxide reduced markedly the degree of protein carbonylation, which also held true for glucose starved cells. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Protein concentrations in the homogenates have been established according to the technique of Bradford [26], making use of a regular curve in between .125 and .975 mg protein/mL standard. (adenosine-kinase.com)
  • Since a decrease in the iron-transport protein transferrin presumably increases labile non-transferrin-bound iron, resulting in excess reactive oxygen species production, a defect in iron transport due to malnutrition could be one of the causes of liver injury in AN. (bvsalud.org)
  • NSE administration caused a statistically significant decrease in total cholesterol level and had a considerable effect on normalization of individual phospholipids content. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • As far as NSE administration caused a statistically significant decrease in free cholesterol level and had a considerable effect on normalization of individual phospholipids content of adipocytes, we can consider NSE as a prospective compound worthy more complex investigation of its action under the pathological conditions. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Analyzing liver fatty acid composition, a decrease in polyunsaturated of fatty acid (PUFA) level and an increase in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content was found. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Alpha-lipoic acid can decrease blood sugar levels. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, more reliable are those oxidative modifications that are not repairable and thus, accumulated, with protein carbonylation the most representative. (molvis.org)
  • In further study, we find that even though transcription factors and histone modifications offer similar effects on expression levels of genome-wide genes, the effects of transcription factors and histone modifications on predictive abilities are different for genes in independent biological processes. (oncotarget.com)
  • Reversible cysteine modifications allow for potential redox regulation of proteins. (hindawi.com)
  • Within an individual protein there may be a number of cysteines which could allow for multiple thiol modifications. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, reversible cysteine modifications can influence protein activity and the relative quantification of the status of the thiol can potentially provide valuable insights into protein activity where the protein exists in a range of redox states. (hindawi.com)
  • Redox proteomics has taken advantage of the thiol specificity of ICAT reagents not only to identify targets of ROS but also to quantify oxidative thiol modifications in individual proteins. (hindawi.com)
  • For several years, Dr. Levine has focused his research on the identification of oxidative modifications of proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Such binding sites normally recruit Mg2+, Mn2+, or Ca2+, but upon binding of Fe3+, the protein was rendered vulnerable to ROS modifications and loss of the metal binding site. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Levine is pursuing the hypothesis that oxidative modifications of proteins are not always a negative effect of stress, but also participate in normal cellular signaling. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, the migration depends only on the size and the charge of the molecules and had to be adapted to reflect the migration of the clusters and the proteins during the same experiment. (springernature.com)
  • Interactions with other proteins or molecules are another feature of cysteines that can affect protein activity. (hindawi.com)
  • During the aging process glycated end products of bonding between protein material and sugar molecules naturally leads to formation of deep wrinkles in the skin that are particularly visible in normally exposed areas such as the face. (optoderm.com)
  • Sidues around the N terminal tails of MMP-9 Activator site histone proteins. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • Allosterically regulated proteins that require an activator are sometimes based on a thiol exchange interaction involving cysteines, for example, pyruvate kinase uses fructose bisphosphate (FBPs) as a heterotrophic activator and it contains a cysteine in its FBP binding site [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Planning of homogenates from liver aliquots, perseverance of the protein concentration in the homogenates and protein separation by ten% SDS-Website page proteins from 250 mg liver have been fractionated according to hydrophobicity, into proteins soluble at reduced ionic energy, mainly water-soluble proteins, and proteins soluble at high ionic energy, mainly hydrophobic proteins. (adenosine-kinase.com)
  • Counter to the commonly held notion that methionines (which are hydrophobic residues) are typically buried within proteins, many methionine residues lie on the surfaces of proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Of note, glutaredoxin 2-mediated protection is not linked to its enzymatic activity as oxidoreductase, but to the disassembly of its uniquely coordinated iron-sulfur cluster using glutathione as non-protein ligand. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Additionally, the PRL (median 24 h) levels correlated positively to the 2 h glucose level at OGTT (rs=0.42, p=0.04). (nel.edu)
  • Additionally, this exceptional molecule prevents carbonylation of proteins. (niod.com)
  • Cysteines are one of the most rarely used amino acids, but when conserved in proteins they often play critical roles in structure, function, or regulation. (hindawi.com)
  • This study establishes an oxidative mode of Cr toxicity in S. cerevisiae , which primarily involves oxidative damage to cellular proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The former include hypoxia, high lactate levels or the abundance of growth factors within the cellular microenvironment. (springer.com)
  • Whereas ROS production has been viewed as uniformly deleterious to cellular function, it is now clear that cells actually require a certain level of oxidants for optimal function. (nih.gov)
  • These results strongly indicate that the combination of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking synergistically increases the level and variety of RCS in the circulating blood, and may further jeopardize cellular function. (nih.gov)
  • Protein ubiquitination is a critical post-translational modification (PTMs) involved in numerous cellular processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Different mechanisms have already been proposed to clarify this in vitro action like the alteration of cell cycle proteins, the activation/ inactivation of regulatory pathways, modification of ROS levels. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • In the RAD51 supplier skeletal muscle, YAP positively regulates basal skeletal muscle mass and protein synthesis. (lckinhibitor.com)
  • Protein-focused research has been challenging in Drosophila melanogaster due to few specific antibodies for Western blotting and the lack of effective labeling methods for quantitative proteomics. (biomed.news)
  • Particularly, a decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level and increased low-density (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol level were detected. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • under these conditions, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) proteins can be oxidized (oxLDL). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A gestational increase in the concentration of triacylglycerols (TGs) of 300% and 25-50% for total cholesterol (TC) as well as variations in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels have been described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the third part, strains with mutations in genes encoding general stress proteins were screenedfor decreased resistance after H2O2 challenge. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • 20 ] noticed that different combinations of HMs are needed for predicting the expression levels of genes with different CpG content promoters. (oncotarget.com)
  • hydroxyl radicals attack the double bonds of the DNA bases producing di-, mono-Plants 2021, 10,13 ofinduced by environmental contaminants are cysteinyl thiolate residues on quite a few regulatory proteins [162]. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • Protein carbonylation occurs in arginine, histidine, lysine, proline and threonine residues and it truly is regarded as an irreversible course of action [165]. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • The carbonylation of proteins also can be developed by way of indirect reactions of lipoperoxidation solutions with cysteine and histidine residues [166]. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • Methionine residues as endogenous antioxidants in proteins. (nih.gov)
  • For example, the (Z)-ethyl ester analogue showed micromolar inhibition of HL-60 cells and Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a protein involved in B-cell maturation that is implicated in certain cancers. (figshare.com)
  • Finally, 2D-electrophoresis/mass spectrometry identified specific serum proteins oxidized under cardiotoxic conditions. (tempol.info)
  • Improvements in mass spectrometry has led to the development of a number of techniques to quantify the relative protein abundance within a given sample. (hindawi.com)
  • Several years ago, in collaboration with the late Earl Stadtman, Dr. Levine discovered a novel form of protein modification-carbonylation-that is now a widely accepted measure of oxidative modification in cells ranging from bacteria to humans. (nih.gov)
  • During exercise, different levels of ROS generated by exercise have differential regulations on the activity and expression of hepatic AMPK. (elifesciences.org)
  • After division by HCT, correlations between serum albumin and ALT (rs = -0.835, P = 5.24 × 10-5) and between the iron-storage protein ferritin and the liver enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (rs = 1.0, P = 0.017) were also statistically significant. (bvsalud.org)
  • Low serum albumin levels have been linked to depression symptoms in people who had recent suicide attempts and those suffering from several mental diseases such as acute episodes of mania, and schizophrenia. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, there has been little investigation into the relationship between depression and serum albumin levels in community-dwelling persons. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conversely, but in parallel, denervation increases YAP protein amount and activity in myonuclei, as a compensatory pro-trophic signal to attenuate muscle atrophy improvement [80]. (lckinhibitor.com)
  • An altered antioxidant defence system marked by elevated SOD, CAT, and GR activities, with decreased GPx and GST activities were observed along with increased protein carbonylation, disturbed redox status in hypothyroid immature rat testis. (hindawi.com)
  • Rats exposed re- ported a lower relative testis weight and high- er levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as tis- sue damage marker, along with an impairment of 3 βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P- DH) as key enzymes in the steroidogenesis path- way. (unibo.it)
  • Here, by comparing exercise and antioxidant intervention on type 2 diabetic rats, we found moderate exercise upregulated compensatory antioxidant capability and reached a higher level of redox balance in the liver. (elifesciences.org)
  • In addition, increased levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine were measured in cerebella of HFD ± NDEA treated rats, and overall, NDEA+HFD treatment reduced brain levels of Tau, phospho-GSK-3β (reflecting increased GSK-3β activity), glial fibrillary acidic protein, and ChAT to greater degrees than either treatment alone. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the heart, no differences were found in CAT activity level, while GST activity decreased compared to controls. (uniroma3.it)
  • carbonylation of proteins also can MCT4 Biological Activity hydroxylate cysteinyl thiols to form procedure [165]. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • Traditional measurement of the relative absolute quantity of a protein between two samples is not always necessarily proportional to the activity of the protein. (hindawi.com)
  • However, measuring the relative quantity of a protein between two samples does not tell us anything about the activity of the protein itself. (hindawi.com)
  • In proteins where cysteine is not within the active site, activity can be modulated by changing conformation or by influencing its regulatory role, for example, iron sulfur complexes (ISCs) in aconitase possess cysteines required for its activity [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • SILAF is based on standard fly routines in a basic wet lab environment and provides a flexible and cost-effective tool for quantitative protein expression analysis. (biomed.news)
  • Overall, our results illustrate that both exercise and antioxidant intervention improve blood glucose control in diabetes by promoting redox balance, despite different levels of redox state(s). (elifesciences.org)
  • Cysteines often form part of active sites, allowing for the protein to be switched on or off depending on redox state. (hindawi.com)
  • The NSE administration (50 mg/kg of body weight) for 2 weeks decreased free cholesterol content, increased cholesterol esters level and reduced free oleic fatty acid content in the liver of rats with IR. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The significant regulations of mammalian gene expression are deemed to occur at the level of transcriptional initiation and elongation [ 13 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • 19 ] found that HMs or TFs binding in different positions show different predictive abilities, and they suggested HMs and TF binding may be redundant for predicting gene expression levels. (oncotarget.com)
  • To avoid complicated refolding procedures after solubilization from inclusion bodies with 6 M guanidine-HCl or 8 M urea, eukaryotic proteins can also be fused to solubility promoting expression tags, e. (pulchae.com)
  • Vitagene associated markers (heat shock protein 70 and thioredoxin-1) also showed a decaying expression pattern that paralleled reduced expression of the transcription factors Parkinson disease 7, Forkhead box O 3 and X-box binding protein 1 with a role in preserving brain redox status. (abo.fi)
  • Protein expression and purification : 106358. (umd.edu)
  • Gene expression analysis shows that MB treatment alters the expression of a subset of extracellular matrix proteins in the skin, including up-regulation of elastin and collagen 2A1, two essential components for healthy skin. (optoderm.com)
  • However, ROS can act as a double-edged sword: if their levels become too high, they can be harmful and interfere with many physiological processes. (elifesciences.org)
  • INTRODUCTION: Albumin is the most prevalent plasma protein and is involved in a variety of critical physiological processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • together with protein concentration) and lens epithelial cells plus capsule (LECs/capsule) in patients with cataract (CAT), and also suffering from pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG). (molvis.org)
  • The second part focuses on protein carbonylation in 'B. subtilis' wild-type and 'sigB' mutant cells. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Glutaredoxin 2 levels influence both survival rates of primary oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and preservation of myelin structure in cerebellar organotypic slice cultures challenged with activated microglia or nitric oxide donors. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Peripheral lung inflammation may cause a "spill-over" of cytokines, such as interlukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, into the systemic circulation, which may increase acute-phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP). (ersjournals.com)
  • Our method allows for the identification of the proteins, identification of redox-sensitive cysteines within proteins, and quantification of the redox status of individual cysteine-containing peptides. (hindawi.com)
  • Fatty acid imbalance with high content of MUFA was associated with elevated level of protein carbonylation. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • The NSE administration to obese rats with IR restored the content of mono- and polyunsaturated FFA, increased HDL cholesterol content and reduced LDL cholesterol level. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
  • Based on his research, Dr. Levine proposed the concept that methionines serve an important role as an antioxidant, both for the proteins in which they reside and the cell itself. (nih.gov)
  • Although reactive oxygen species are usually promiscuous in their reactivity, Dr. Levine and his colleagues found that this modification was localized to the metal binding sites of proteins that contained them. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, diabetes, high blood pressure and many other chronic diseases are associated with imbalances in the levels of ROS in the body. (elifesciences.org)
  • It is also used for obesity, altitude sickness, aging skin, high levels of cholesterol or other fats in the blood, and many other purposes, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these other uses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This compromised testicular antioxidant status might have contributed to poor growth and development by affecting the spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in rats before puberty as indicated by reduced germ cell number, complete absence of round spermatids, decreased seminiferous tubule diameter, and decreased testosterone level. (hindawi.com)
  • The renal tissue AOP and the levels of AOPPs, PCC and NT were increased in diabetic rats compared with the untreated control animals. (nel.edu)