InflammationCancerCancersDiseaseResearchersHarmfulPollutantsFindingsSymptomsWorkplaceHarmUraniumOccupationalConcentrationsImpairSecondhand smoke exposureEpidemiologyDecreased lung functionSusceptibilityGround-levelNitrogen dioxideDiseasesAsthmaFoundOutcomesTissueLong-term exposure to ozonePollution levels2020PneumoniaSpirometryEpidemiological studiesRadon gasParticlesParticipantsPopcorn lungRatsDustHazardousTobacco smokePulmonaryMortalityAlveoliOzone exposureAsbestosParticulateHealth effects of exposureNonsmokersFunctionEmissionsPopulationsAirborneEvidenceCompoundsCohortPrevalenceLiverAccumulateIndoorEffectsMiceRisk of exposureHigh
Inflammation7
- E-cigarettes reduce lung function, reduce cardiac muscle function, and increase inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
- Exposure to the subway dust triggered transient lung inflammation in the mice and increased levels of several substances produced by the immune system that might cause tissue damage. (phys.org)
- Necrotizing inflammation was observed in the larynx and trachea of rats and mice at concentrations as low as 5 mg/m 3 , and a similar lesion was present in the bronchi at exposure concentrations of 50 mg/m 3 or higher. (nih.gov)
- Separate studies have found that cadmium might worsen lung inflammation and impair immune function, which could explain the mortality outcomes the researchers found. (indianapublicmedia.org)
- Pulmonary inflammation found after one hour of exposure to diesel exhaust. (streetsblog.org)
- Increased risk of pulmonary inflammation to asthmatics after two hours of exposure. (streetsblog.org)
- Perinatal exposure of the neonatal lung to inflammation leads to decreased lung angiogenesis and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). (spandidos-publications.com)
Cancer56
- The Canadian Cancer Society has stated that, "A few studies have shown that there may be low levels of harmful substances in some e-cigarettes, even if they don't have nicotine. (wikipedia.org)
- Silica exposure, silicosis, and lung cancer: a necropsy study. (bmj.com)
- The present study matched 231 cases of lung cancer with 318 controls by year of birth. (bmj.com)
- Presence or absence of lung cancer and the presence and severity of silicosis of the parenchyma, pleura, and hilar glands were documented from necropsy reports. (bmj.com)
- Similarly, no association was found between lung cancer and the presence or severity of silicosis and any site. (bmj.com)
- Cancer of the kidneys, lungs, liver, or stomach was seen in rats and mice that ingested 2,3-benzofuran for long periods of time. (cdc.gov)
- There is nothing lucky about developing a respiratory illness, lung cancer, or heart disease-especially if you are a healthy nonsmoker. (cdc.gov)
- Any exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risk of lung cancer, other respiratory diseases, and heart disease. (cdc.gov)
- Asbestos exposure may lead to related diseases, such as lung cancer and mesothelioma. (mesothelioma.com)
- As well as lung cancer, they can cause stroke, heart disease and respiratory infections. (roycastle.org)
- Paula Chadwick, chief executive of Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation, was shocked by the findings. (roycastle.org)
- She said, "We've known for some time that PM2.5 particles in the air can cause lung cancer. (roycastle.org)
- Many people still mistakenly assume that smoking is the only cause of lung cancer, but the real picture is more complex. (roycastle.org)
- Together we can make a difference to the lives of people living with lung cancer. (roycastle.org)
- The year 2014 marked the 50th Anniversary of the 1964 Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General, which reached the powerful conclusion that active smoking causes lung cancer in men. (springer.com)
- Nearly three decades have also passed since the US Surgeon General and other scientific authorities concluded that exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) causes disease in nonsmokers, including lung cancer in adults [ 2 - 4 ]. (springer.com)
- There are no studies on 2,3-benzofuran's potential to cause cancer in people. (cdc.gov)
- Since radon is naturally occurring, in areas without adequate ventilation--like many basements--radon can accumulate to levels that substantially increase the risk of lung cancer. (commondreams.org)
- After smoking, prolonged exposure to radon gas is considered to be the second-leading cause of lung cancer in the United States. (commondreams.org)
- At this stage, previous dose estimates to miners need to be approximately doubled to accurately reflect the lung cancer hazard. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- The average miner at Olympic Dam is young (and at greater risk of developing lung cancer than older workers) and stays on average five years at the site. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- A typical calculation using the latest figures of radiation carcinogenesis risks indicates that the average miner has a 1:670 chance of contracting cancer, most likely lung cancer, as a result of workplace radiation exposure. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- It is estimated that around 50 per cent of underground uranium miners in Australia do not use their masks and are thus at greater risk of lung cancer. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- The report found an increasing frequency of lung cancer in miners, proportional to the cumulative amount of radon exposure. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- A 15-country study of nuclear industry workers (excluding mining) published in 2005, the largest study of nuclear industry workers ever conducted, found a statistically-significant increased risk of cancer and leukaemia in nuclear industry workers, even at low radiation doses. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- Osteoporosis is becoming increasingly prevalent in men who receive cancer therapies which supress testosterone levels. (diamond.ac.uk)
- Two large studies served as the scientific basis for the standards promulgated-the 1993 Harvard Six Cities Study and the 1995 American Cancer Society Study. (cei.org)
- Human-made buildings can artificially concentrate radioactive radon gas of geologic origin, exposing occupants to harmful alpha particle radiation emissions that damage DNA and increase lung cancer risk. (nature.com)
- Lung cancer is the 6th leading overall cause of death and the foremost cause of cancer death in the world. (nature.com)
- Thus, radon exposure represents a readily preventable cause of the most lethal and common cancer type, and is a priority area of public health intervention and cancer prevention. (nature.com)
- Notable human health toxicity effects identified from human and/or animal studies include respiratory cancer, non-cancer toxicity effects following inhalation, dermatitis, and reproductive effects. (mdpi.com)
- However, according to a 2020 review , previous studies have found that exposure to PFAS has associations with kidney cancer and testicular cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- We obtained individual mortality records (n=366 348) to establish whether the association between income deprivation, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality (circulatory disease, lung cancer, and intentional self-harm) in 2001-05, varied by exposure to green space measured in 2001, with control for potential confounding factors. (nih.gov)
- 0.0001) and circulatory disease (p=0.0212), but not from lung cancer or intentional self-harm. (nih.gov)
- There was no effect for causes of death unlikely to be affected by green space, such as lung cancer and intentional self-harm. (nih.gov)
- Radon itself was initially considered to be the direct cause of the lung-cancer in the miners. (nationalacademies.org)
- nium-214, deliver to target cells in the respiratory epithelium the energy that is considered to cause radon-associated lung-cancer (NRC 1991). (nationalacademies.org)
- Evidence on radon and is now available from about 20 epidemiologic studies of underground miners, including 11 studies that provided quantitative information on the exposure-response relationship between radon and lung-cancer risk (Lubin and others 1995). (nationalacademies.org)
- Those studies and several epidemiologic findings before them, continue to support the implementation of regulatory programs to reduce exposures of underground miners to radon and to provide compensation for occupational lung-cancer (Samet 1992). (nationalacademies.org)
- Although the progeny of radon are now a well-recognized cause of lung-cancer, radon itself has again become a topic of controversy and public-health concern because it has been found to be a ubiquitous indoor air pollutant to which all persons are exposed (Cole 1993 and Proctor 1995 review the controversy). (nationalacademies.org)
- The U.S. National Academy of Sciences says there is some evidence that depleted uranium exposure does not cause kidney damage, and at low doses does not cause lung cancer. (voanews.com)
- Recent studies have shown that dietary cadmium exposure is associated with the development of postmenopausal breast cancer in women [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In 2005, one such industry-funded study used small sample sizes and statistical maneuvering to obscure the link between hexavalent chromium and cancer. (ucsusa.org)
- The analysis actively hid scientific data about exposure levels in four chromium plants that would have revealed that even exposure levels 50 times lower than the allowed standard resulted in a five-fold increase in deaths from lung cancer. (ucsusa.org)
- Instead of reporting this information, scientists from Environ, the consulting firm hired to complete the analysis, divided the data into two sets and changed the way workers were grouped to obscure the finding so that they found an increased risk of cancer only in those exposed to the highest levels of chromium. (ucsusa.org)
- In this population-level study, antibiotic exposure and specifically fluoroquinolones before ICI therapy were observed to be associated with worse OS [overall survival], with fluoroquinolone exposure conferring up to a 65% increased risk of mortality among older adults with cancer," say the investigators, led by Lawson Eng, MD , a medical oncologist at the University of Toronto. (medscape.com)
- Lung cancer was the most common diagnosis (53%), followed by melanoma (34%) and renal and bladder cancers. (medscape.com)
- A dose effect was seen with fluoroquinolones among patients with lung cancer or melanoma who received PD-1 inhibitors. (medscape.com)
- Among contrary findings, there was no significant association between antibiotic exposure and overall survival among patients with renal cancer. (medscape.com)
- AGRICOH aims to promote and sustain col aboration and pooling of data to study a wide range of agricultural exposures and health outcomes including cancer. (who.int)
- Within the working group of cancer outcome, there are currently four further projects underway, namely an ecological study of cancer incidence rates and studies of pesticides in relation to myeloid malignancies, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. (who.int)
- The Asbest Chrysotile Cohort Study was started in 2012 to investigate cancer mortality in workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos in the world's largest active asbestos mine in Asbest, Sverdlovsk region, the Russian Federation. (who.int)
- The cohort is now the worldwide largest cohort study of miners and mil ers, and the first that al ows investigating cancer mortality in women. (who.int)
- The latter is of high interest for lung cancer as smoking rates are lower in women and for al gynaecological cancers. (who.int)
- IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention dimensions of what comprise attitudes the level of US/Australian states beginning of fairly comprehensive to smoke-free policies. (who.int)
- Lung Cancer Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancers3
- Almost 8% of lung cancers each year in the UK are thought to be caused by exposure to PM2.5 fine particles. (roycastle.org)
- Since this initial report, thousands of studies have provided evidence documenting that smoking causes various cancers, heart disease, lung disease, and other diseases throughout the body and characterizing the mechanisms by which tobacco smoke causes these adverse effects [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
- The Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation, convened by the US National Academy of Sciences, noted in a comprehensive 2006 review of the evidence that "… there is a linear dose-response relationship between exposure to ionising radiation and the development of solid cancers in humans. (onlineopinion.com.au)
Disease25
- Since our study found harmful effects at levels below current U.S. standards, air pollution should be considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory disease by clinicians, and policy makers should reconsider current standards for air pollutants. (sciencedaily.com)
- The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's (ATSDR) PHA supports the less detailed findings of previous studies, especially the Florida A&M University sampling and follow-on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 4 sampling in the Scarboro community both process that the [organization] has followed in detail. (cdc.gov)
- Previous studies found Hawaiians and Asian-Americans/Pacific Islanders to be independently at increased risk for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTMPD) and tuberculosis (TB). (cdc.gov)
- People with lung disease, children, older adults, and people who are active can be affected when ozone levels are unhealthy. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- Poor lung function in adulthood is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality even among life long non-smokers, but the explanation for these associations is unclear. (bmj.com)
- 1- 3 It is possible that they reflect early life exposures that influence lung growth and development as well as adult disease risk. (bmj.com)
- 4, 6 The association between poor lung function and cardiovascular disease may therefore be partly related to intrauterine factors that affect fetal growth, programme cardiovascular disease, and also affect lung growth and development. (bmj.com)
- Background: Welders are exposed to gas and particle emissions that can cause severe lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. (lu.se)
- Some are underweight and show symptoms of liver and lung disease. (nwf.org)
- Lung function and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been associated with short-term exposure to air pollution. (nih.gov)
- These and other studies showed only a weak association between exposure and disease or death-an increased relative risk of 1.26 and 1.17 respectively-and yielded several discrepant results. (cei.org)
- These studies were supported in part by funds from the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act trust fund (Superfund) by an interagency agreement with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Public Health Service. (nih.gov)
- Whether you are a patient living with lung disease or a caregiver, join the Patient & Caregiver Network for timely education, support and connection. (lung.org)
- However, patients exposed to arsenic levels higher than that had a significant loss of lung function - comparable to decades of smoking tobacco - putting them at increased risk of developing serious respiratory disease. (voanews.com)
- The animal data supports the idea that they are infected but do not develop disease, because our young mice have the same levels of virus as old mice but do not get sick," says Stanley Perlman , an immunologist at the University of Iowa. (the-scientist.com)
- When a person inhales it, diacetyl can cause a rare lung disease known as bronchiolitis obliterans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- OB is a debilitating but rare lung disease, which has been detected recently in workers who inhale significant concentrations of the flavoring in microwave popcorn packaging plants. (nih.gov)
- We postulated that income-related inequality in health would be less pronounced in populations with greater exposure to green space, since access to such areas can modify pathways through which low socioeconomic position can lead to disease. (nih.gov)
- Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure is associated with a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
- Millions of workers worldwide are exposed daily to occupational pesticide exposure, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
- Wang and colleagues clinically followed 6,619 adults, who were 45-84 years old and who did not have cardiovascular disease or any other conditions at the start of the study. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- To the authors' knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study to examine the link between ozone exposure and "subclinical vascular disease" - that is, injuries that damage the artery walls before a heart attack or a stroke occurs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Between 1996 and 2008, Industrial Health Foundation, the legal arm of the Chrome Coalition-a trade association representing chrome producers and consumers-hired third parties to produce at least 18 epidemiological studies or reviews of the safety of chromium, all of which minimized the risk of disease related to chromium exposure. (ucsusa.org)
- Fibrosis and diffuse interstitial lung disease. (who.int)
- NO 2 and the other pollutants it consorts with are increasingly associated with worsening lung function, increased risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke, increased rates of hospital admissions, and even increased rates of mortality. (medscape.com)
Researchers21
- Researchers examined hospitalization records for more than 63 million Medicare enrollees in the contiguous Unites States from 2000 to 2016 to assess how long-term exposure to air pollution impacts hospital admissions for specific cardiovascular and respiratory issues. (sciencedaily.com)
- Using hundreds of predictors, including meteorological values, satellite measurements and land use to estimate daily levels of pollutants, researchers calculated the study participants' exposure to the pollutants based upon their residential zip code. (sciencedaily.com)
- however, researchers note there are currently no national guidelines denoting safe or unsafe long-term ozone levels. (sciencedaily.com)
- The researchers further stratified the analyses to calculate the cardiovascular and respiratory risks associated with each of the pollutants among patient subgroups including gender, race or ethnicity, age and socioeconomic factors, detailed in the study. (sciencedaily.com)
- In addition to scientifically confirming secondhand smoke exposure among the casino dealers, the results of this research also provide additional support for the use of NNAL as a marker of secondhand smoke exposure and will aid other researchers in future studies. (cdc.gov)
- To calculate lung function growth, which is determined primarily by changes in lung capacity as a child grows, the researchers used spirometry, a technique which measures the volume and speed of air as it is exhaled from the lungs. (eurekalert.org)
- At the conclusion of the study, the researchers found that exposure to nitrogen dioxideduring the first and second trimesters was associated with lower pulmonary function growth in both girls and boys in childhood. (eurekalert.org)
- Researchers from Kings College London wanted to see how variations in the levels of PM2.5 particles in the Underground network compared with those above ground in traffic-congested areas like Oxford Street or open spaces such as Hyde Park. (roycastle.org)
- In their new study, the researchers collected dust samples from platform surfaces in two heavily traveled subway stations in the Paris Metro, which carried one million passengers daily. (phys.org)
- Some researchers who have studied gulf war veterans say medical evidence indicates that low-level exposure to sarin can lead to brain damage. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
- Tracking 1,759 children who were between ages 10 and 18 from 1993 to 2001, researchers found that those who grew up in more polluted areas face the increased risk of having reduced lung growth, which may never recover to their full capacity. (lung.org)
- As the researchers noted, their study suggested that "all children have the potential to benefit from improvements in air quality. (lung.org)
- Over five years, researchers tested the lung function of 950 individuals who came to their clinic with respiratory symptoms. (voanews.com)
- The study was done in collaboration with Duke University researchers. (nih.gov)
- The researchers also speculate that the extensive reaction of diacetyl vapors in the nose and upper airways of mice may have prevented toxic concentrations from penetrating deeper in the lung to the bronchioles or tiny airways where obstruction occurs in humans. (nih.gov)
- Researchers wanted to know if this would make it harder for people to survive illnesses that affected the lungs. (indianapublicmedia.org)
- After adjusting for other factors that could influence the results, researchers found that people who had cadmium levels in the 80th percentile had a 15% greater risk of dying from these illnesses than those in with cadmium levels in the 20th percentile. (indianapublicmedia.org)
- Although we spend only about six percent of our day commuting to and from work, it is during that time when we receive over half of our exposure' to diesel exhaust, researchers found. (streetsblog.org)
- In the study , published in Clinical Science , researchers exposed mice to similar levels of smoke found in smokers' homes. (newsweek.com)
- The researchers note that the effects need to be further investigated in humans and exposure needs to be observed over a longer period of six months since humans mature slower than mice. (newsweek.com)
- However, the researchers concluded their study can "serve to educate the public on the dangers of THS, and the biomarkers we identified can be used in the clinic, once verified in exposed humans. (newsweek.com)
Harmful13
- People should be conscious of the air quality in the region where they live to avoid harmful exposure over long periods of time, if possible," said Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi, Pharm.D., M.P.H., Ph.D., a post-doctoral research fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and lead author of the study. (sciencedaily.com)
- Concerns exist in respect to adolescence vaping due to studies indicating nicotine may potentially have harmful effects on the growing brain. (wikipedia.org)
- May even low pollution levels be harmful for our health? (uib.no)
- Studies have shown that even low levels of secondhand smoke exposure can be harmful. (cdc.gov)
- Sunlight and hot weather cause ground-level ozone to form in harmful concentrations in the air. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- At ground level, ozone pollution is harmful to all of us, especially the young and elderly. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- For example its website asserts that there is insufficient evidence to overturn the no-threshold model but also states that there is "no evidence" of harmful health effects of annual exposures of 1.5-3.5 mSv. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- In fact there is evidence of harmful effects from low-level radiation exposure. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- The study was part of a long-term project conducted in Bangladesh, where nearly half the population - some 77 million people - live in areas where groundwater wells contain harmful amounts of arsenic. (voanews.com)
- A new study shows that exposure to a chemical called diacetyl, a component of artificial butter flavoring, can be harmful to the nose and airways of mice. (nih.gov)
- Replacing your gas cookware with electric cooking appliances can reduce the amount of harmful emissions in the air and reduce your family's exposure to household air pollutants. (energystar.gov)
- The report found that even short exposures to these harmful pollutants have a wide range of serious health effects. (streetsblog.org)
- Harmful effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) often occur from either high-level short-term or low-level long-term exposures. (medscape.com)
Pollutants8
- Newer studies on the impact of air pollution on health are focused on understanding the potential harm caused by long-term exposure and are researching the effects of multiple air pollutants simultaneously. (sciencedaily.com)
- More than half of the study population is exposed to low levels of these pollutants, according to U.S. benchmarks, therefore, the long-term health impact of these pollutants should be a serious concern for all, including policymakers, clinicians and patients. (sciencedaily.com)
- This analysis adds to the evidence that maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants can have persistent effects on lung function development in children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
- The study was conducted as part of the Fresno Asthmatic Children's Environment Study (FACES) - Lifetime Exposure initiative, which examines the influence of prenatal exposure to a number of ambient air pollutants on the growth of lung function during childhood and teen years in a high pollution area. (eurekalert.org)
- Ground-level ozone pollution is formed when emissions from everyday items combine with other pollutants and cook in the heat and sunlight. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- We consider examples of other pollutants as case studies, including radon, asbestos, and lead, to help frame policy directions for THS. (springer.com)
- Some but not all effects occur with exposure to diesel exhaust, and other common urban air pollutants, the study said. (phys.org)
- Scientists followed 500 Yale University students and determined that living just four years in a region with high levels of ozone and related co-pollutants was associated with diminished lung function and frequent reports of respiratory symptoms. (lung.org)
Findings7
- In this PHA on Y-12 uranium releases, ATSDR evaluated and analyzed the information, data, and findings from previous studies and investigations to assess the public health implications of past and current off-site exposures to uranium. (cdc.gov)
- We begin by describing THS and its exposure pathways and provide findings from limited surveys of key stakeholder groups and their approaches to addressing THS. (springer.com)
- The authors conclude that these findings suggest that workplace exposure to diacetyl contributes to the development of OB in humans, but more research is needed. (nih.gov)
- In 1879, Harting and Hesse (1879) described autopsy findings that documented pulmonary malignancy in miners in that region and by early in the 20th century the malignancy was shown to be primary carcinoma of the lung (Arnstein 1913). (nationalacademies.org)
- These findings are particularly important as the case mix of people getting COVID is moving to younger people, perhaps reflecting increased exposures due to reduced social distancing and a lack of understanding about factors exacerbating COVID-related risk in this age group. (ucsf.edu)
- In 2010, the 73rd JECFA reevaluated cadmium intake levels based on findings from a number of recent epidemiological studies and established a provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) of 25 μg/kg body weight based on the long half-life of cadmium [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- One surprise among the findings is that pollution levels measured inside cars, buses and trains were many time greater that levels in the air outside at the same time . (streetsblog.org)
Symptoms10
- Inhalation of dust during cement production has been linked to airway symptoms and obstructive lung changes [ 4 , 5 ], but the lack of good prospective studies has made it difficult to establish exposure-response relationships [ 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- NIOSH investigators conducted onsite health hazard evaluations to measure casino dealers' exposure to secondhand smoke and to determine whether they reported related health symptoms. (cdc.gov)
- A physician should evaluate employees with respiratory symptoms related to workplace exposures. (cdc.gov)
- Methods: This study assessed the lung health and symptoms in active welders (n = 28) and controls (n = 17). (lu.se)
- Symptoms include anemia, low blood sugar and abnormally low levels of hormones that regulate metabolism and the immune system. (nwf.org)
- Our study was designed to investigate the influence of long-term exposure to air pollution on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in 55-year-old women. (nih.gov)
- We especially focused on COPD as defined by GOLD criteria and additionally compared the effects of air pollution on respiratory symptoms by questionnaire data and by lung function measurements. (nih.gov)
- Further evidence that cleaner air provides real benefits to children's health came in a 2016 report from the same study exploring changes to 4,602 children's respiratory symptoms such as coughing, congestion and phlegm. (lung.org)
- Indoor exposure to emissions from cooking on gas stoves can worsen asthma symptoms, cause wheezing, and result in reduced lung function in children, particularly in the absence of ventilation and for children living with asthma or allergies. (energystar.gov)
- They also had increased cortisol levels, a weakened immune system, and increased insulin resistance (all symptoms affiliated with the development of type 2 diabetes). (newsweek.com)
Workplace3
- We hypothesised that exposure to workplace aerosols may lead to lung function impairment among cement production workers. (ersjournals.com)
- Exposure to 2,3-benzofuran is most likely to occur from breathing contaminated air at the workplace. (cdc.gov)
- The Louisiana Tracking Program worked with the state health department to notify OSHA about workplace exposures and health complaints from emergency response workers. (cdc.gov)
Harm5
- Do air pollution exposures harm health through extensive long-term effects (during the lifespan and across generations)? (uib.no)
- How does ozone exposure harm your lungs? (diamond.ac.uk)
- Several studies have found air pollution linked to harm to children while they are still in the womb. (lung.org)
- In as little as one month, THS exposure causes harm. (newsweek.com)
- New research suggests that chronic exposure to ambient ozone may raise the risk of atherosclerosis and harm arterial health. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Uranium12
- The summary of the monograph on Depleted uranium: sources, exposure and health effects,1 referred to in paragraph 10 of document A54/19, is annexed. (who.int)
- This scientific review on depleted uranium is part of WHO's continuing process of assessment of possible health effects of exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. (who.int)
- Information is given on sources of depleted uranium exposure, the likely routes of acute and chronic intake, the potential health risks from both the radiological and chemical toxicity standpoints and future research needs. (who.int)
- Dermal contact is considered a relatively unimportant type of exposure since little of the depleted uranium will pass across the skin into the blood. (who.int)
- On several occasions in recent years uranium mining companies have brought guest speakers to Australia to argue that low-level radiation exposure is not only harmless but actually good for you. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- Moreover the latest science - concerning the health impacts of exposure to radon gas - is important in the context of the ongoing debate over uranium mining in Australia. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- Most modern uranium mines have air extraction systems and radon levels are monitored. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- AUA members include companies such as Toro Energy, Uranium One and Heathgate Resources that have been promoting the view that low-level radiation is beneficial, and funding the Australian visits of people prepared to promote those views. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- For example, the 1999 Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation VI report reviewed 11 studies covering 60,000 underground uranium miners. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- But depleted uranium is slightly radioactive, and can be toxic at high levels. (voanews.com)
- The Nuclear Policy Research Institute is calling for independent studies on the health effects of depleted uranium in Iraq. (voanews.com)
- Mr. Sheehan-Miles says if the coalition forces do not trust Iraqi studies on depleted uranium, they need to allow outside doctors to evaluate the claims. (voanews.com)
Occupational9
- Results of new research conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) on secondhand smoke-the exposure of non-smokers to tobacco smoke-confirm that dealers at the casinos investigated were exposed to secondhand smoke. (cdc.gov)
- The aim of this study was to investigate lung health in welders and evaluate new sensitive methods with potential to assess early onset pulmonary changes in occupational settings. (lu.se)
- In 2000, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) investigated diacetyl exposure at a microwave popcorn plant after a group of former employees developed the condition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Therefore, we assessed associations between occupational exposure to pesticides and genome-wide DNA methylation sites. (bmj.com)
- Conclusions We show for the first time that occupational exposure to pesticides is genome-wide associated with differential DNA methylation. (bmj.com)
- Cadmium contamination in food is regarded as the main environmental source of non-occupational exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
- Tobacco cadmium exposure, which accounted for approximately 25% of the total dietary cadmium exposure, was another important source of non-occupational cadmium exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
- Despite these known health impacts, some companies have opposed efforts since 1993 by the EPA and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to set more stringent exposure standards for hexavalent chromium. (ucsusa.org)
- While agricultural work contributes to a large part of employment and economic resources in many countries, the nature of work can pose some occupational hazards due to intense physical labour and exposures to potential y hazardous substances including pesticides, fertilizers, solvents, solar ultraviolet radiations, diesel exhaust fumes. (who.int)
Concentrations11
- When we restricted our analyses to individuals who were only exposed to lower concentrations of air pollution, we still found increased risk of hospital admissions with all of the studied outcomes, even at concentration levels below current national standards," added Danesh Yazdi. (sciencedaily.com)
- The study found that the concentrations of mercury and radionuclides in Scarboro are generally within the range found in the Oak Ridge region. (cdc.gov)
- Based on the concentrations detected in the soil, sediment, and surface water in Scarboro, the EPA report (EPA 2003) concluded that "there is not an elevation of chemical, metal, or radionuclides above a regulatory health level of concern. (cdc.gov)
- To determine prenatal exposure levels to pollution, the mothers' residences during pregnancy were geocoded and pollutant concentrations were obtained from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).Monthly average pollutant concentrations were assigned from 24-hour averages obtained at a central site monitor and summaries of the entire pregnancy and each trimester were calculated. (eurekalert.org)
- PM2.5 concentrations varied between lines and locations, with the Victoria Line experiencing the highest levels and Docklands Light Railway and the District Line the lowest. (roycastle.org)
- Significantly, the new study--titled ' Predictors of Indoor Radon Concentrations in Pennsylvania 1989-2013 ' (pdf)--directly conflicts with a study released by Pennsylvania's Department of Environmental Protection in January of this year which concluded that there was 'little potential for additional radon exposure to the public' due to the widespread fracking activities across the state. (commondreams.org)
- Exposure profiling considered two approaches: predictive modeling using a generic near-field exposure model for each substance, and an analysis of measured concentrations collected by federal and provincial water quality monitoring programs using antimony concentrations as a conservative indicator of exposure for the 11 substances. (canada.ca)
- In 13-week studies, all rats, all female mice, and all but 2 male mice exposed at the top concentration survived to the end of the studies (target exposure concentrations of 0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/m3, 10 animals per group). (nih.gov)
- Lung weights were increased over those of controls in rats exposed at concentrations as low as 1 mg/m3 and in mice exposed to 10 mg/m3 or more. (nih.gov)
- The mRNA expression levels and protein concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in the lung tissue and mouse serum were measured using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and ELISA, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
- In this study, batch experiments were conducted over 52 weeks to measure PCB adsorption kinetics on 2 ACs in granular (1.1 mm diameter) and powdered (0.02 mm) form using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fibers to measure aqueous concentrations over time. (bvsalud.org)
Impair1
- A new study confirms that even low exposure to the toxic element in drinking water can impair lung function. (voanews.com)
Secondhand smoke exposure4
- The only way to fully protect nonsmokers from secondhand smoke exposure is to completely eliminate smoking in indoor spaces. (cdc.gov)
- Research on active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure has led to policy changes to protect individuals from the adverse health impacts of tobacco smoke. (springer.com)
- Children who arrived at the emergency room with breathing problems linked to secondhand smoke exposure had more than three times higher the level of nicotine on their hands than the hands of non-smoking adults who live with smokers, Kaiser Health News reports . (newsweek.com)
- Public health agencies are attempting to implement tobacco bans to address secondhand smoke exposure and potentially THS. (newsweek.com)
Epidemiology3
- Epidemiology is the study of health in populations. (cei.org)
- The question of the extent of sarin exposure among our troops in the first gulf war is a key issue in understanding what made 100,000 gulf war veterans chronically ill from the war," said Robert Haley, a gulf war illness researcher and a professor of internal medicine and epidemiology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
- Meng Wang, Ph.D., an assistant professor of epidemiology and environmental health at the University at Buffalo School of Public Health and Health Professions in New York, is the lead author of the study. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Decreased lung function1
Susceptibility3
- Dr. Padula said she and her colleagues hope to conduct future studies on the role of genetic susceptibility to air pollution. (eurekalert.org)
- Suppressed defense mechanisms and increased susceptibility to lung bacterial infection for a week after exposure. (streetsblog.org)
- We are studying lifestyle factors, living conditions, environmental factors and susceptibility and tumour genetics. (who.int)
Ground-level3
- Ground-level ozone is the primary constituent of smog. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- Ground-level ozone also can reduce lung function and inflame the linings of the lungs. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- According to the American Lung Association, ground-level ozone also damages lung tissue when we breathe it in. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Nitrogen dioxide7
- The study measured three components of air pollution: fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3). (sciencedaily.com)
- There was an increased risk of stroke and atrial fibrillation associated with long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide. (sciencedaily.com)
- In this study, we found that prenatal exposures to airborne particles and the pollutant nitrogen dioxide adversely affect pulmonary function growth among asthmatic children between 6 and 15 years of age," said study lead author Amy Padula, PhD, post-doctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. (eurekalert.org)
- Among girls, exposure to nitrogen dioxide during the first trimester was associated with lower FEV1 growth and exposure to nitrogen dioxide during the second trimester was associated with lower FEF growth. (eurekalert.org)
- Among boys, nitrogen dioxide exposure during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy was associated with lower FVC growth. (eurekalert.org)
- Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema following exposure to nitrogen dioxide. (medscape.com)
- The diagnosis of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) toxicity largely depends on the history of exposure. (medscape.com)
Diseases1
- Several of the identified genes, for example, RYR1 , ALLC , PTPRN2 , LRRC3B , PAX2 and VTRNA2-1 , are genes previously linked to either pesticide exposure or lung-related diseases. (bmj.com)
Asthma7
- ATS 2012, SAN FRANCISCO - The link between prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood lung growth and respiratory ailments has been established by several studies in recent years, and now a new study suggests that these prenatal exposures can be especially serious for children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
- Another earlier report from the Children's Health study of 3,300 schoolchildren in Southern California found reduced lung function in girls with asthma and boys who spent more time outdoors in areas with high levels of ozone. (lung.org)
- However, some studies have found a link between PFAS in the blood and the development of asthma in children. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- A 2017 study of Faroese children found that PFAS exposure had associations with increased rates of asthma in those who had not received a measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- However, a 2019 study on exposure to PFAS before birth in Norway found no increase in asthma cases. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- As noted on EPA's Indoor Air Quality website , exposure to this indoor air pollution can lead to increased risk of certain health conditions, such as dizziness, headaches, asthma, and respiratory infections. (energystar.gov)
- Studies show consistent associations between higher pollution levels and detrimental respiratory effects in children, including worse lung function for children with asthma. (energystar.gov)
Found18
- A study conducted found that people using electronic cigerattes go through more nicotine than traditional tobacco users. (wikipedia.org)
- For FEV 1 % predicted a yearly excess decline of 0.84 percentage points was found in the highest exposure quintile compared with the lowest. (ersjournals.com)
- Exposure at the higher levels found in this study may lead to a decline in dynamic lung volumes. (ersjournals.com)
- Casino dealers were found to have increasing levels of NNAL in their urine over an 8-hour work shift showing that the cigarette smoke and a carcinogen are being taken up into their bodies. (cdc.gov)
- However, prevalence of cough was significantly higher among welders compared with controls and lung changes were found in welders with the novel methods. (lu.se)
- A new study has found worrying levels of radon in homes that are closer in proximity to fracking drill sites. (commondreams.org)
- According to its summary, the study 'found a statistically significant association between proximity to unconventional natural gas wells drilled in the Marcellus shale and first floor radon concentration,' especially during summer months. (commondreams.org)
- Scientists at the University of Illinois have found that even just looking at the fractal geometry of nature and the multiple layers of a leafy forest can improve brain health, reduce levels of irritability, and generate "a sense of well-being and peace in the observer. (whistler.com)
- The year after the spill, Louisiana strandings reached even higher levels: 179 dolphins were found stranded in 2011, nearly eight times the historical average. (nwf.org)
- Lung surfactant proteins are essential proteins found in the surfactant layer at the air-water interface of the lung. (diamond.ac.uk)
- In addition, observational epidemiological studies, unless they show overwhelmingly strong associations-on the order of an increased relative risk of 3.0 or 4.0-do not indicate causation because of the inherent systematic errors that can overwhelm the weak associations found. (cei.org)
- A large study in California found that higher particle pollution levels increased the risk of preterm birth. (lung.org)
- Preterm births occurred more frequently when particle pollution spiked, as an Australian study found, even when they controlled for other risk factors. (lung.org)
- A recent study even found evidence of viral excretion in children from rectal swabs. (the-scientist.com)
- A study of 30 healthy non-smokers exposed to e-cigarette aerosol found decreased cough sensitivity. (ucsf.edu)
- We found a positive time-dependent significant correlation with increased time of THS exposure and the effects it had on all the variables we measured," Martins-Green said. (newsweek.com)
- Specifically, the study found an association between chronic ozone exposure and an "increased rate of carotid wall thickness progression and risk of new plaque formation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Fluoroquinolones, the study team notes, can alter levels of many gut microbiota, including Faecalibacterium , Ruminococcus , Bifidobacteria , and Alistipes , all of which have been found to affect ICI responses. (medscape.com)
Outcomes4
- Data also showed there were surges in hospital admissions for all of the health outcomes studied with each additional unit of increase in particulate matter. (sciencedaily.com)
- The outcomes considered were yearly change of dynamic lung volumes divided by the standing height squared or percentage of predicted values. (ersjournals.com)
- Currently, our studies are examining the associations between prenatal air pollution and adverse birth outcomes," she noted. (eurekalert.org)
- With air pollution studies, as a practical matter, exposure is estimated at the group level, while health outcomes are measured at the individual level. (cei.org)
Tissue3
- Repeated exposure may permanently scar lung tissue. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- The most sensitive tissue was the larynx, with squamous metaplasia observed in rats and mice at the lowest exposure concentration of 0.3 mg/m3. (nih.gov)
- Frequently referred to as smog, ozone is a gas molecule that harms lung tissue by chemically reacting to it. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Long-term exposure to ozone2
- The model] suggests that there is an association between long-term exposure to ozone and progression of atherosclerosis," he goes on to report. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- This may indicate that the association between long-term exposure to ozone and cardiovascular mortality that has been observed in some studies is due to arterial injury and acceleration of atherosclerosis," comments Wang. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pollution levels4
- Even low air pollution levels have adverse health effects over time. (uib.no)
- This finding adds to the evidence that current air pollution levels continue to have adverse effects on human health," Dr. Padula said. (eurekalert.org)
- Using this interactive map you can learn more about the research project and how the pollution levels were calculated. (roycastle.org)
- Congress passed the Clean Air Act of 1970 based on the belief that reducing air pollution levels saves lives and improves health. (cei.org)
20201
- This is a large population-based questionnaire cohort study with a 30-year follow-up being conducted in 2020-21. (uib.no)
Pneumonia6
- Exposure to what is considered low levels of air pollution over a long period of time can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, atrial fibrillation and pneumonia among people ages 65 and older, according to new research published today in the American Heart Association's flagship journal Circulation . (sciencedaily.com)
- The risks for heart attacks, strokes, atrial fibrillation and flutter, and pneumonia were associated with long-term exposure to particulate matter. (sciencedaily.com)
- They looked at data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative sample of U.S. adults over 45 years of age to compare the mortality rates from influenza or pneumonia of people whose cadmium levels were on the lower end versus people whose cadmium levels were on the higher end. (indianapublicmedia.org)
- 82 If human ciliary dysfunction is also negatively affected, as suggested by animal and cellular studies, 83 the combination of reduced coughing and impaired mucociliary clearance may predispose users to increased rates of pneumonia. (ucsf.edu)
- Two weeks of exposure to e-cigarette aerosol in mice decreased survival and increased pathogen load following inoculation with either Streptococcus pneumoniae or influenza A, two leading causes of pneumonia in humans. (ucsf.edu)
- currently, largely reflected the prevalence of tuberculosis, pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infections and opportunist lung infections in those with HIV. (who.int)
Spirometry5
- Dynamic lung volumes were assessed by repeated spirometry testing during a mean follow-up time of 3.5 years (range 0.7-4.6 years). (ersjournals.com)
- Lung measurements were performed with standard spirometry and new methods: airspace dimension assessment (AiDA), oscillometry, blood serum biomarkers (club cell. (lu.se)
- Lung measurements were performed with standard spirometry and new methods: airspace dimension assessment (AiDA), oscillometry, blood serum biomarkers (club cell secretory protein 16, surfactant protein D, matrix metalloproteinases, fibroblast, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukins), and one urine biomarker (desmosine). (lu.se)
- Results: According to spirometry measurements, all participants had normal lung function. (lu.se)
- Conclusions: This study indicated the potential to use new and more sensitive methods for identification of changes in lungs when standard spirometry failed to do so. (lu.se)
Epidemiological studies2
- In order to show causation, environmental epidemiological studies showing strong associations must be accompanied by experimental animal toxicologic studies that provide evidence for a plausible biological mechanism. (cei.org)
- The introduction of causal assumptions into observational epidemiological studies that show only weak statistical associations is a problem that has been recognized for many years, and has been well documented in the literature. (cei.org)
Radon gas2
- In 2009, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) stated that radon gas delivers twice the radiation dose to humans as originally thought and is in the process of reassessing permissible levels. (onlineopinion.com.au)
- Public Health Tracking Program (EPHTP) to investigate the merits (opportunity, cost and value) of developing public health indicators associated with residential exposure to naturally occurring radon gas. (cdc.gov)
Particles5
- Being so small - around 1/30th of the width of a human hair - these particles can penetrate deep into the lungs. (roycastle.org)
- Subway trains produce airborne dust particles that could damage the lungs of commuters, scientists in France are reporting in a study of the Paris subway system scheduled for the October issue of ACS' Chemical Research in Toxicology . (phys.org)
- Subway dust contained large amounts of iron particles and very low levels of endotoxin, a potentially toxic compound produced by bacteria. (phys.org)
- This more recent study investigates the levels of diesel particles during commutes in several cities (Austin, Boston, Columbus and New York City). (streetsblog.org)
- Risk increased by a factor greater than two within two hours of exposure to high levels of fine particles in a Japanese study. (streetsblog.org)
Participants6
- The cross-sectional analysis of the baseline examination of lung function and exposure of the participants, enrolled in 2007, indicated that exposure to dust in cement production may lead to reduced dynamic lung volumes [ 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- Participants completed a survey about their fish eating habits, knowledge of fish consumption advisories, pregnancy status, demographic and socio-economic information, and mercury exposure history. (cdc.gov)
- Results showed that women of child-bearing age in Duval and Martin Counties consume more fish than their counterparts in other areas of the United States and that their hair-mercury levels are higher than the participants of the study who do not consume fish. (cdc.gov)
- Urine and blood samples of the participants were analyzed for internal exposure to total cadmium. (biomedcentral.com)
- According to the point estimation, average daily environmental cadmium exposure of the participants was 16.7 μg/day and approached 33.8% of the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI). (biomedcentral.com)
- They followed the participants for a mean period of 6.5 years, as part of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis in which the participants had enrolled. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Popcorn lung1
- As a result, people sometimes call bronchiolitis obliterans " popcorn lung . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Rats6
- In other studies, rats exposed to very high levels of n -hexane had damage to sperm-forming cells. (cdc.gov)
- Rats and mice that ingested high levels of 2,3-benzofuran over a short time had liver and kidney damage. (cdc.gov)
- Toxicology studies of cobalt sulfate heptahydrate (99% pure) were conducted by exposing groups of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex to a cobalt sulfate heptahydrate aerosol 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 16 days or 13 weeks. (nih.gov)
- Rats and mice exposed to 30 mg/m3 lost weight during the first exposure week and then gained weight at the same rate as controls. (nih.gov)
- Cobalt content in the urine of rats increased with increasing atmospheric cobalt exposure. (nih.gov)
- Rats exposed to diesel exhaust for four hours per day for five days experienced prolonged growth of bacteria in the lung during exposure. (streetsblog.org)
Dust6
- Data on intensity and duration of exposure to silica dust were obtained from personnel records. (bmj.com)
- No case-control differences were noted for any of the exposure indicators including cumulative dust exposure, total dusty shifts, weighted average intensity of exposure, total underground shifts, and shifts in high dust. (bmj.com)
- Stratified analyses showed neither significant nor suggestive trends when case-control comparisons for silicosis were examined by level of dust exposure or smoking. (bmj.com)
- Dust produced by subway trains could potentially damage the lungs when inhaled. (phys.org)
- Exposure is estimated from regular dust measurements at the work places that were carried out for the last approximately 80 years. (who.int)
- Graphs show that while dust exposures decline over time with the highest exposures among those born before 1940, there is also exposure variability among those born later. (who.int)
Hazardous4
- The effects of exposure to any hazardous substance depend on the dose, the duration, how you are exposed, personal traits and habits, and whether other chemicals are present. (cdc.gov)
- This study has shown that Africa, most notably Nigeria, has become a dumping ground for hazardous waste materials as a result of the high importation of scrap computers and electronic devices into the country. (mdpi.com)
- Studies reveal that hazardous waste management in Africa must revolve around wealth creation, economic, and environmental sustainability. (mdpi.com)
- Thus, hazardous radon exposure is largely an anthropogenic environmental health issue. (nature.com)
Tobacco smoke2
- Information on the health effects of second hand smoke can be obtained from the CDC Office on Smoking and Health and the U.S. Surgeon General's Report on the Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke . (cdc.gov)
- Despite the plethora of data on the toxic contaminants contained in tobacco smoke and their impact on health, only recently has there been recognition that exposure to long-lived tobacco smoke components in indoor environments where smoking has taken place may result in possible adverse health consequences. (springer.com)
Pulmonary3
- Exposure To Air Pollution During Pregnancy And Pulmonary Function Growth In The FACES LiTE Cohort" (Session A49, Sunday, May 20, 2012: 8:15 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (eurekalert.org)
- COPD and pulmonary function were strongest affected by PM10 and traffic related exposure. (nih.gov)
- In the LPS‑induced lung injury mouse model, the LPS group presented with a significant loss of pulmonary vessels and smaller vessel diameters, which were ameliorated in the Angptl7 treatment group. (spandidos-publications.com)
Mortality1
- Another recent study identified Hawaii as having the highest age-adjusted mortality rate from NTMPD ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
Alveoli2
Ozone exposure2
- We used statistical models to capture whether there are significant associations between ozone exposure and [atherosclerosis]," explains Wang. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- We can show that there is an association between ozone exposure and this outcome, but the biological mechanism for this association is not well understood," Wang notes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Asbestos6
- Learn more about asbestos exposure and mesothelioma. (mesothelioma.com)
- For many chemical plant workers, asbestos exposure may have happened at work. (mesothelioma.com)
- Workers continue to face exposure today from old asbestos products. (mesothelioma.com)
- As a result, chemical plant workers continue to be at risk of asbestos exposure. (mesothelioma.com)
- Chemical plant workers at these companies may have experienced asbestos exposure. (mesothelioma.com)
- We then consider other case studies of controlling indoor environmental exposures-asbestos, lead, and radon-that provide "lessons learned" for THS. (springer.com)
Particulate3
- However, the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter from industry and traffic on COPD as defined by lung function has not been evaluated so far. (nih.gov)
- Sophie Lanone and colleagues point out that previous studies of the London and Stockholm subway systems also have identified such particulate matter. (phys.org)
- To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of the biological effects of particulate matter from the Paris subway system as well as the first comprehensive study to evaluate the in vivo effect of subway particulate matter," the report states. (phys.org)
Health effects of exposure1
- What are the health effects of exposure to greenness? (uib.no)
Nonsmokers2
- This paper describes THS and addresses the challenges of limiting exposure to THS in vulnerable populations (e.g., nonsmokers and young children). (springer.com)
- There have been several reports, mostly in non-peer reviewed preprints, reporting lower levels of COVID-19 infections among smokers than nonsmokers. (ucsf.edu)
Function11
- Few studies have examined prenatal exposure to air pollution and subsequent lung function in childhood. (eurekalert.org)
- The aim of this study was to examine the associations between birth weight and lung function in a cohort of women aged 60-79 years and to combine these results with those from other published studies in a systematic review and meta-analysis. (bmj.com)
- The associations of self-reported birth weight with adult lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory flow rate during mid expiration (FEF 25-75 ), all measured using standard procedures, were assessed in a cross sectional study of 2257 British women aged 60-79 years. (bmj.com)
- There were positive linear associations between birth weight and all three measures of lung function in simple age and examining nurse adjusted regression models. (bmj.com)
- There is a modest positive association between birth weight and lung function which indicates that intrauterine factors might have a role in lung development. (bmj.com)
- Several studies have examined the association between birth weight and lung function with some, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 though not all, 12- 16 finding a positive association. (bmj.com)
- Lung function was determined and COPD was defined by using the GOLD criteria. (nih.gov)
- Chronic exposure to PM10, NO2 and living near a major road might increase the risk of developing COPD and can have a detrimental effect on lung function. (nih.gov)
- The average drop in lung function was similar to the impact of growing up in a home with parents who smoked. (lung.org)
- Children growing up in the cleaner air had much greater lung function growth, a benefit that may help them throughout their lives. (lung.org)
- Even low levels of cadmium can make it difficult for the immune system to properly function. (indianapublicmedia.org)
Emissions2
- Every year due to a combination of the nature of summer heat in Memphis, weather trends, and vehicle and industrial emissions, ozone levels can be high. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- Getting away from that pollution is key,studies show that even 200 metres away from a road or highway the level of vehicle emissions is 4 times lower. (whistler.com)
Populations2
- Because of the low local awareness of fish advisories, increased education is needed about the advisories and about mercury exposure among at-risk populations in Duval and Martin Counties. (cdc.gov)
- Populations that are exposed to the greenest environments also have lowest levels of health inequality related to income deprivation. (nih.gov)
Airborne1
- Although exposure of laboratory animals by inhalation closely duplicates the way humans are exposed to airborne toxicants, the study points out that some anatomical differences between the mice and humans may account for why the nasal cavity of mice is more susceptible to reactive vapors than that of humans. (nih.gov)
Evidence6
- There was no evidence of small study bias in this meta-analysis. (bmj.com)
- So, evidence about exposure to this type of air pollution when taking the Tube is particularly worrying. (roycastle.org)
- Killifish residing in coastal marshes showed evidence of physiological impairment even to low levels of oil exposure(xi) and corals hundreds of years old on the Gulf floor were killed by oil from the Macondo well. (nwf.org)
- The ecological risks of the 11 substances in the Antimony-containing Substances Group were characterized using the Ecological Risk Classification of Inorganic Substances (ERC-I). The ERC-I is a risk-based approach that employs multiple metrics considering both hazard and exposure in a weight of evidence. (canada.ca)
- The evidence base for the relationship between exposure to second-hand smoke and health conditions is also extensive. (who.int)
- Although it has been linked to apical periodontitis in some studies, the evidence so far is mixed, so such an association remains currently unproved. (medscape.com)
Compounds2
- Production and use of nickel and its compounds can, however, result in additional exposures to humans and the environment. (mdpi.com)
- The NTP data will then be shared with public health and regulatory agencies so they can set safe exposure levels for these compounds and develop guidance to protect the health of workers in occupations where these chemicals are used. (nih.gov)
Cohort6
- The present study compared Angptl7 levels between the ACBMNCs infusion and control groups (cohort 1). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Subsequently, the association between cord blood Angptl7 levels and BPD incidence in a cohort of very preterm neonates was assessed (cohort 2). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Compared with in the control group, Angptl7 levels were significantly higher in the ACBMNCs infusion group in cohort 1. (spandidos-publications.com)
- In cohort 2, the cord blood Angptl7 levels were significantly lower in infants who later developed BPD. (spandidos-publications.com)
- AGRICOH, an international consortium of agricultural cohort studies, was established in 2010. (who.int)
- quality prospective cohort studies expanded to local studies (e.g. at Substantive shifts in public attitudes to telephone surveys in just a city the level of a city or organisational towards SHS have been documented jurisdiction. (who.int)
Prevalence1
- These scientific conclusions have led to a broad range of policy actions and public health programs in the USA and worldwide aimed at reducing smoking prevalence and exposure to SHS in public places. (springer.com)
Liver5
- Animal studies have shown effects on the liver, kidneys, lungs, and stomach from exposure to high levels of 2,3-benzofuran. (cdc.gov)
- Those exposed over a long time to moderate levels had liver, kidney, lung, and stomach damage. (cdc.gov)
- 4 Thus, a reduced supply of nutrients to the fetus may result in low birth weight and, depending on the timing, may result in specific detrimental effects to growing organs such as the liver, pancreas, heart and lungs. (bmj.com)
- Tobacco residual exposure from clothes and furniture could potentially lead to brain and liver damage. (newsweek.com)
- Martins-Green and her colleagues took brain, liver, and blood samples at various intervals during the six-month study, New Scientist reports . (newsweek.com)
Accumulate2
- It's known to accumulate in human lung tissues, and is unfortunately very difficult to remove from the body. (indianapublicmedia.org)
- Radon levels vary by location and can accumulate in structures. (cdc.gov)
Indoor2
- This paper addresses the challenge of limiting exposure to long-lived tobacco components, or THS, in indoor environments. (springer.com)
- Another possibility, she says, is that in the past decade buildings have been more tightly sealed, potentially trapping radon that gets inside and leading to increased indoor radon levels. (commondreams.org)
Effects17
- ATSDR concluded that there is no apparent public health hazard for people living near the Y-12 plant because the past and current off-site exposures are not at levels expected to cause either radiation or chemical health effects. (cdc.gov)
- Recent results from her research group, however, indicate that also air pollution exposures well below today's recommended limit values may have severe health effects if the exposure lasts over a longer time period or across generations. (uib.no)
- The Life span and inter-generational respiratory effects of exposures to g reenness and a ir p ollution, Life-GAP, research project is the first such project designed to investigate such a large timespan. (uib.no)
- To assess exposure we chose to measure the thoracic aerosol fraction, because this fraction was considered to be the most relevant for bronchial effects [ 6 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- There are no studies that have looked at the effects in people from exposures to air, water, or food, or through skin contact. (cdc.gov)
- As a top level predator, the poor health of dolphins in the most heavily oiled areas suggests possible ecosystem-wide effects of the oil that are now being borne out by other studies. (nwf.org)
- xii) Given the huge quantity of oil spilled, its widespread distribution, the fact that even small amounts of oil can have significant biological effects and that effects may be slow to develop after exposure to oil, our understanding of the full scope of the Gulf oil spill's effects will likely be unfolding for decades. (nwf.org)
- Linear and logistic regressions, including random effects were used to account for confounding and clustering on city level. (nih.gov)
- Interventions were held to educate response workers, residents, and health care providers on topics such as personal protective equipment, seafood safety, chemicals of concern, potential routes of exposure, and associated health effects. (cdc.gov)
- The Louisiana Tracking Program began logging cases from call-in surveys that captured information such as the physical characteristics of the home, exposure duration, and health effects experienced by members of the household. (cdc.gov)
- The Southern California Children's Health study looked at the long-term effects of air pollution on children and teenagers. (lung.org)
- Community health studies are pointing to less obvious, but serious effects from year-round exposure to ozone, especially for children. (lung.org)
- However, no studies have specifically assessed the effects of eating microwave popcorn, so it is unclear how much difference eating this type of food makes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- No study has assessed the level of PFAS in microwave popcorn specifically, nor their effects on human health. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- When someone's lungs are exposed to flu or other infections the adverse effects of smoking or vaping are much more serious than among people who do not smoke or vape. (ucsf.edu)
- Environmental public health tracking is the ongoing collection, integration, analysis, and interpretation of data about environmental hazards, exposure to environmental hazards, and health effects potentially related to exposure to environmental hazards. (cdc.gov)
- Learn more about the health effects of gasoline exposure here. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Mice1
- More studies are under way to determine if these lesions progress to OB in mice. (nih.gov)
Risk of exposure2
- How can families reduce the risk of exposure to n -hexane? (cdc.gov)
- This put workers at risk of exposure. (mesothelioma.com)
High11
- In laboratory studies, animals exposed to high levels of n -hexane in air had signs of nerve damage. (cdc.gov)
- The highest ozone levels are usually recorded in summer months when temperatures approach the high 80s and 90s and when the wind is stagnant or light. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- High levels of ozone pollution often affect healthy people who work or exercise outdoors and can cause breathing difficulties, eye irritation, and reduced resistance to lung infections and colds with exposure for prolonged periods. (shelbycountytn.gov)
- Within a few hours, high levels of NO 2 develop on top of the silage. (medscape.com)
- However, in a study published Thursday in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, scientists compared the results of state-wide radon testing in Pennsylvania to find a significant correlation between unusually high levels of the deadly gas in some buildings (mostly residential homes) and the proliferation of fracking in certain areas of the state. (commondreams.org)
- However, the maindrawbacks of therapy with Ga salts is the need for slow, long-term infusion to avoid the toxicities associated with high plasma levels of Ga, and the poor bioavailability when the drug is dosed via the oral route. (diamond.ac.uk)
- Regression analyses indicates that the modern North American Prairie residential environment displays exceptionally high and worsening radon exposure, with more recent construction year, greater square footage, fewer storeys, greater ceiling height, and reduced window opening behaviour all associated with increased radon. (nature.com)
- Methods 1561 subjects of LifeLines were included with either no (n=1392), low (n=108) or high (n=61) exposure to any type of pesticides (estimated based on current or last held job). (bmj.com)
- A strong focus on exposures local to these settings and cultures is being emphasized e.g. traditional brews and distil ations, geophagia, cleaning teeth with charcoal and a chewed stick, thermal injury (with the consumption of hot tea at high altitudes), household air pol ution commencing early in the life-course, contaminated foods and smokeless tobacco. (who.int)
- The study demonstrated high acceptability and feasibility in Tanzania, which now opens a new avenue for aetiological and early detection research using this cheap appropriate-health technology (AHT) for the col ection of oesophageal cel s and thus investigation of drivers of potential early mutations. (who.int)
- In summary, the quality of these the identification of any such level (e.g. the 1990 smoke-free studies varies widely from high studies, the searches were further Environments Act in New Zealand). (who.int)