AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
alpha-FetoproteinsCarcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsFetal ProteinsPrenatal DiagnosisEstriolLiver CirrhosisTumor Markers, BiologicalPregnancyAlpha-GlobulinsLiverPrognosisp-DimethylaminoazobenzeneSensitivity and SpecificityRetrospective StudiesPregnancy Trimester, SecondAlbuminsImmunodiffusionAmniotic Fluidalpha 1-AntitrypsinLiver Neoplasms, ExperimentalRadioimmunoassayReceptors, Adrenergic, alphaHepatectomyTranscription FactorsBase SequenceSerum AlbuminHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearDNA-Binding ProteinsGestational AgeMolecular Sequence DataPromoter Regions, Geneticalpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorEncyclopedias as TopicBlood ProteinsYolk SacFetusBilirubin
Maternal serum alphaAmniotic fluid alphaMSAFPAlbuminFetal proteinUltrasoundTumorsHepatocellular carcinomaBaby's liverEstriolAntigenPregnancyProteinsTrimesterLactate dehydrogenaseDiagnosisPatient'sLiverGermBiopsyAntigensSerumsNeural tube dPregnantHumanInhibinTumor markerBreast cancerUreaNormalUrineBenignBirth defectsMother'sFetusMeasuresHigh levelsSyndromeProthrombinPlasmaGeneticProtein levelResultsInsulin
Maternal serum alpha6
  • Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening is performed at 16 to 18 weeks of gestation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Screening for neural tube defects (NTDs) involves measuring maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP). (medscape.com)
  • During the first 2 years of the program, 3,476 women were screened by quantitating levels of maternal serum alpha fetoprotein. (northwestern.edu)
  • Gardner, S , Burton, BK & Johnson, AM 1981, ' Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening: A report of the Forsyth County Project ', American journal of obstetrics and gynecology , vol. 140, no. 3, pp. 250-253. (northwestern.edu)
  • A 20-year-old gravida 1 presented for a targeted anatomy ultrasound in the setting of an elevated maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (MSAFP) (7.14 MoM) obtained from routine prenatal screening. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • Techniques discussed include the use of ultrasound scanning and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein estimation in screening for congenital malformations, the use of karyotyping to detect chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy, and DNA methods for carrier diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis. (who.int)
Amniotic fluid alpha1
MSAFP1
  • If MSAFP levels indicate an anomaly, amniocentesis may be offered to the patient. (wikipedia.org)
Albumin2
  • These results indicate that Gc protein appears to be regulated differently than the other members of this gene family, albumin and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which are negative acute phase reactants. (nih.gov)
  • The levels of most liver test parameters were elevated, fibrotic indices were high, and haemoglobin and albumin levels were reduced. (bvsalud.org)
Fetal protein2
  • also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • High levels of alpha-fetoprotein (a fetal protein) from a blood test or sample of amniotic fluid of the pregnant parent. (clevelandclinic.org)
Ultrasound2
  • Ultrasound - An ultrasound is a type of picture of the baby the doctor can see if the baby has spina bifida or find other reasons that there might be a high level of AFP. (cdc.gov)
  • A blood test with high levels of a protein called alpha-fetoprotein may lead to further testing, such as an ultrasound. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Tumors1
  • Second, serum AFP level is elevated in people with certain tumors, and so it is used as a biomarker to follow these diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Hepatocellular carcinoma4
  • Figure 4 Cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma according to alpha-fetoprotein levels. (wjgnet.com)
  • Figure 5 Cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma according to des- gamma-carboxy prothrombin levels at 24 wk after the completion of interferon-based therapy. (wjgnet.com)
  • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, sometimes is used to screen highly selected populations and to assess hepatic masses in patients at particular risk for developing hepatic malignancy. (aafp.org)
  • Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin, alpha-fetoprotein and AFP-L3 in patients with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. (nih.gov)
Baby's liver1
  • Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP): The baby's liver mostly secretes this protein that passes over into the mother's blood. (healthline.com)
Estriol1
  • Abnormal levels of hCG and estriol lizing the serum triple test and other newly are indicators for chromosome abnormali- introduced investigations has become a ties. (who.int)
Antigen2
  • Results of testing for tumor-associated antigens, such as carcinoembryonic antigen, carcinoma antigen 19-9, prostatic specific antigen, and alpha fetoprotein, were negative. (cdc.gov)
  • The antibody levels measured by complement fixation (CF) against phase II Coxiella burnetii antigen was 1:512. (cdc.gov)
Pregnancy6
  • Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein produced by the liver and yolk sac of a developing baby during pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) may be quite high with multiple pregnancy. (chop.edu)
  • The first blood test in the sequential screening measures pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A). In the first trimester, doctors associate low levels of PAPP-A with greater risk for neural tube defects. (healthline.com)
  • Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein that is normally only produced in the fetus during its development, and its measurement during pregnancy has been useful to detect certain abnormalities. (leebio.com)
  • AFP levels typically rise until around the 12th week of pregnancy. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • If the level of hepatitis B virus (viral load) is high in pregnant women, they are often given antiviral drugs during the last trimester of pregnancy to prevent transmission of the virus from mother to child. (msdmanuals.com)
Proteins3
  • We measured changes in Gc messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis and levels of secreted protein resulting from treatment of hepatocytes with cytokines and hormones known to influence synthesis of other proteins of hepatic origin. (nih.gov)
  • The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during development of the embryo and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life. (curehunter.com)
  • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) tests look for higher than normal levels of these proteins (called tumor markers ). (kidshealth.org)
Trimester1
  • Maternal plasma levels peak near the end of the first trimester, and begin decreasing prenatally at that time, then decrease rapidly after birth. (wikipedia.org)
Lactate dehydrogenase1
  • Germ cell cancers can raise blood levels of the tumor markers human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and/or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). (cancer.org)
Diagnosis1
  • Level of evidence C1] In these cases, the diagnosis of HCC may be established without the need for a second imaging modality, even in the absence of a biopsy confirmation. (oncolink.org)
Patient's2
  • The patient's serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 900 ng/mL. (medscape.com)
  • Post resection, the patient's IGF-2 levels normalized and hypoglycemic symptoms resolved. (medscape.com)
Liver5
  • Levels of a protein released by the fetal liver and found in the mother's blood may be high when more than one fetus is making the protein. (chop.edu)
  • They measure levels of AFP, a protein that develops in the fetus's liver. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Alpha-fetoprotein is a protein that develops in the liver of a fetus. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • For example, if you have high AFP levels and liver cancer, targeting cancer cells with specific drugs (targeted therapy) may be an effective treatment. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • If you have recently been given a screening test for embryonic teratocarcinoma or hepatoblastoma, a liver tumor, your AFP levels may be higher than normal. (brighamandwomens.org)
Germ1
Biopsy1
  • 6) Testis preserving surgery should be reserved for testicular tumor proved to be benign by normal level of serum alpha-fetoprotein and frozen biopsy report. (pediatriconcall.com)
Antigens1
  • They have poor antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens but elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) with low levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM). (medscape.com)
Serums1
  • For point-of-care applications, the sensors need to be inexpensive, operationally simple, and highly sensitive to address both levels of the biomarkers in normal and cancer patient serums. (cdc.gov)
Neural tube d2
  • It's important to understand that irregular AFP levels don't automatically mean the fetus has a genetic condition or a neural tube defect. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Higher levels of AFP may mean that your fetus has an abnormality such as a neural tube defect. (brighamandwomens.org)
Pregnant6
  • In pregnant women, fetal AFP levels can be monitored in the urine of the pregnant woman. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) tests are blood tests all pregnant people should get. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test is a blood test for pregnant people. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Irregular AFP levels in pregnant people can be a sign of a genetic disorder or birth defect (congenital disability). (clevelandclinic.org)
  • If you are pregnant, this test looks for a fetal substance called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in your blood. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • If you are pregnant, your healthcare provider will offer this test to look at AFP levels in your blood and find out your fetus' health. (brighamandwomens.org)
Human4
  • Studies were performed in Hep3B hepatocytes to better elucidate the mechanisms regulating circulating levels of human group-specific component (Gc). (nih.gov)
  • Lee Biosolutions is the leading producer of human cord serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) for clinical diagnostic manufacturers and research uses. (leebio.com)
  • Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels can occur in seminomas and correlate with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells seen histologically. (medscape.com)
  • Blood alpha-fetoprotein and beta human chorionic gonadotrophin levels were normal. (pediatriconcall.com)
Inhibin1
Tumor marker7
  • Very high AFP levels may be subject to hooking (see Tumor marker), which results in the level being reported significantly lower than the actual concentration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Particular emphasis is given to when these tests should be ordered and to common factors that influence the interpretation of tumor marker levels. (aafp.org)
  • In monitoring patients for disease recurrence, tumor marker levels should be determined only when there is a potential for meaningful treatment. (aafp.org)
  • Conversely, tumor marker levels may rise after effective treatment (possibly related to cell lysis), but the increase may not portend treatment failure. (aafp.org)
  • However, a consistent increase in tumor marker levels, coupled with lack of clinical improvement, may indicate treatment failure. (aafp.org)
  • It's important to understand that AFP tumor marker tests are simply tools to measure AFP levels. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Elevated levels, if found in amniotic fluid, can indicate a developmental defect in the baby, and is a valuable diagnostic tumor marker. (leebio.com)
Breast cancer1
  • CA 27.29 is highly associated with breast cancer, although levels are elevated in several other malignancies ( Table 1 ) . (aafp.org)
Urea1
  • The patient was anemic (hemoglobin: 8g%) with normal sugar and urea level. (ispub.com)
Normal8
  • Normal adult levels in the newborn are usually reached by the age of 8 to 12 months. (wikipedia.org)
  • At birth, normal infants have AFP levels four or more orders of magnitude above this normal range, that decreases to a normal range over the first year of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • During this time, the normal range of AFP levels spans approximately two orders of magnitude. (wikipedia.org)
  • Correct evaluation of abnormal AFP levels in infants must take into account these normal patterns. (wikipedia.org)
  • If your AFP levels are outside the normal range, your provider will likely order more tests to diagnose or rule out conditions. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • These 3 syndromes are associated with decrease circulating levels of T cells (but circulating levels of B cells are normal) and often decreased levels of IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses. (medscape.com)
  • The test helps find out whether your fetus has higher than normal levels of AFP. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • The fibrinogen levels (385 mg/dL) and prothrombin time (12 s, control 10-14 s) were normal. (cdc.gov)
Urine2
  • Since AFP is quickly cleared from the mother's serum via her kidneys, maternal urine AFP correlates with fetal serum levels, although the maternal urine level is much lower than the fetal serum level. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are medical tests available to measure levels of thallium in urine and hair. (clustermed.info)
Benign1
  • However, CA 27.29 levels higher than 100 units per mL are rare in benign conditions. (aafp.org)
Birth defects2
  • Too-high and too-low levels of AFP have been associated with birth defects. (healthline.com)
  • Birth defects were not reported in the children of mothers exposed to low levels from eating vegetables and fruits contaminated with thallium. (clustermed.info)
Mother's1
  • If a fetus has this defect, it will probably have an opening in the head, spine, or stomach wall that causes high levels of AFP to travel into the mother's blood. (brighamandwomens.org)
Fetus2
Measures2
High levels5
  • High levels of AFP correlated with diffuse type of HCC. (nih.gov)
  • High levels of hCG are associated with Down syndrome, but there are other reasons levels may be high. (healthline.com)
  • High levels are associated with Down syndrome while low levels are associated with trisomy 18. (healthline.com)
  • Exposure to high levels of thallium can result in harmful health effects. (clustermed.info)
  • Studies in rats, however, exposed to high levels of thallium, showed adverse developmental effects. (clustermed.info)
Syndrome2
  • Maternal AFP serum level is used to screen for Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and other chromosomal abnormalities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Low levels of this hormone are associated with increased risk for Down syndrome and trisomy 18. (healthline.com)
Prothrombin1
  • Figure 2 A change of the des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin levels after interferon-based treatment. (wjgnet.com)
Plasma1
  • 13 ). Increased levels of IL-10 have procedures is highly operator depend- cers and remains the leading cause of been found in the plasma of patients ent. (who.int)
Genetic1
  • Irregular AFP levels can point to problems such as genetic disorders or neural tube defects. (clevelandclinic.org)
Protein level1
  • RESULTS: The results showed that ATG5 protein level was decreased with Ang-(1-7) dose administration in the IL-13-treated BEAS-2B and IL13-treated HBSMC. (bvsalud.org)
Results1
Insulin1
  • Due to the structural and biochemical homology between IGF-2 and insulin, elevated levels of IGF-2 can result in hypoglycemia. (medscape.com)