• CD11/CD18 belongs to the integrin family of proteins. (biolegend.com)
  • PMA-stimulated human peripheral blood granulocytes were stained with CD11/CD18 (clone m24) Alexa Fluor® 647 (filled histogram) or mouse IgG1, κ Alexa Fluor® 647 isotype control (open histogram). (biolegend.com)
  • It forms αβ heterodimers with the CD11 alpha subunits ITGAL (αL aka CD11a forming integrin LFA-1), ITGAM (αM aka CD11b, forming integrin Mac-1) and ITGAX (αX aka CD11c, forming integrin p150/95). (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 2000) Inhibition of in vivo neutrophil transmigration by a novel humanized anti-CD11/CD18 monoclonal antibody. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 1998) Hu23F2G, an antibody recognizing the leukocyte CD11/CD18 integrin, reduces injury in a rabbit model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • CD11, along with CD18, form a heterodimer adhesion molecule. (thermofisher.com)
  • Diagnosis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency is by detecting absence or severe deficiency of adhesive glycoproteins on the surface of WBCs using monoclonal antibodies (eg, anti-CD11, anti-CD18) and flow cytometry. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The beta-2 (B2) integrin (leukocyte integrin, CD11/CD18) subfamily comprising three members, each consisting of a shared beta subunit (CD18) non-covalently associated with unique alpha subunits (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c). (medicaljournals.se)
  • Background: CD18, integrin beta2 subunit, forms heterodimers with four types of CD11 molecule to constitute leukocyte (beta2) integrins: alphaLbeta2 (CD11a/CD18, LFA-1), alphaMbeta2 (CD11b/CD18, Mac-1, CR3), alphaXbeta2 (CD11c/CD18) and alphaDbeta2 (CD11d/CD18). (icbinhibitor.com)
  • This subunit of the CD18 protein forms a heterodimer (a complex composed of two different proteins) with one of 4 different α-subunits of the CD11 protein. (basepaws.com)
  • Together, CD11 and CD18 form CD11/CD18 integrins, which are expressed on all leukocytes' surface membranes. (basepaws.com)
  • Rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the beta 2 integrin receptors (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION) comprising the CD11/CD18 family of glycoproteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Valmu L , Autero M, Siljander P, Patarroyo M and Gahmberg C G (1991) Phosphorylation of the ß-subunit of CD11/CD18 in-tegrins by protein kinase C correlates with leukocyte adhesion. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • Valmu L and Gahmberg C G (1995) Treatment with okadaic acid reveals strong threonine phosphorylation of CD18 after activation of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins with phorbol esters or CD3 antibodies. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • Valmu L , Fagerholm S, Suila H and Gahmberg C G (1999) The cytoskeletal association of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins in phorbol ester activated cells correlates with CD18 phosphorylation. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether Hu23F2G (LeukoArrest), an antibody to the CD11/CD18 integrin receptors, would reduce infarct size in patients undergoing primary angioplasty for an acute myocardial infarction. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Inhibitors of the CD11/CD18 or CD18 integrin receptors have been shown to reduce infarct size in experimental models. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: The results of this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial demonstrated that an antibody to CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrin receptor did not reduce infarct size in patients who underwent primary angioplasty. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Children with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I are at risk for overwhelming infection because their neutrophils lack surface beta 2 integrins (CD18/CD11) that normally interact with endothelial cell adhesion molecules and mediate migration to sites of bacterial invasion. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The known binding partners of CD18 are CD11a, CD11b, CD11c and CD11d. (wikipedia.org)
  • Binding of CD18 and CD11a results in the formation of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), a protein found on B cells, all T cells, monocytes, neutrophils and NK cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD18 is the common β2 integrin chain of LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18, αLβ2 integrin), Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18, αMβ2 integrin), and gp150, 95 (CD11c/CD18, αXβ2 integrin). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Expression of CD18 is limited to leucocytes, where it is widely distributed in consort with each of the three integrin α chains (CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Clone m24 binds the extended/open high affinity conformation of CD11a/CD18. (biolegend.com)
  • ICAM-1 binds to integrins of type CD11a/CD18 (leukocyte adhesion molecule, LFA-1), or CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) and is exploited by Rhinovirus as a receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD11a is a leukocyte marker that is expressed in B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD18 non-covalently associates with CD11a, CD11b or CD11c. (angioproteomie.com)
  • CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)
  • Li R, Nortamo P, Valmu L , Tolvanen M, Huuskonen J, Kantor C and Gahmberg C G (1993) A peptide from ICAM-2 binds to the Leu-kocyte Integrin CD11a/CD18 and inhibits endot-helial cell adhesion. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • Vermot-Desroches C, Wijdenes J, Valmu L , Roy C, Pigott R, Nortamo P and Gahmberg C G (1995) A CD44 monoclonal antibody differentially regulates CD11a/CD18 binding to intercellular adhesion molecules CD54, CD102 and CD50. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • It is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with two Ig-like C2-type domains, and binds to the leukocyte integrins LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). (betalifesci.com)
  • Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), also known as CD11a/CD18 and αLβ2, is a member of the β2-integrin family found on lymphocytes and other leukocytes. (immune-system-research.com)
  • Binding of CD18 and CD11b-d results in the formation of complement receptors (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neutrophils were freshly isolated from blood of 10 male healthy volunteers, stimulated the same way as endothelial cells and analyzed for surface expression of L-selectin, CD11b and CD18. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results showed that the surgery produced higher polymorphonuclear leucocyte CD11b/CD18 expressions, and Gln supplementation lowered CD11b/CD18 expressions compared with the Conv group post-operatively. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • A Genetic Model of Constitutively Active Integrin CD11b/CD18. (rush.edu)
  • In vitro studies of phagocytic cells from an infant with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I demonstrated that complement receptor 3 (CD18/CD11b) mediates nonopsonic phagocytosis of some Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and might play a control role in the control of Pseudomonas infections at sites where there are low levels of opsonins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In PMNs Mac-1 (αMβ2 CR3 or CD11b/CD18) is perhaps the most widely studied integrin with respect to PMN migration (6) and phagocytosis (7). (researchdataservice.com)
  • Integrins α-m/β-2 and α-x/β-2 are receptors for the IC3B fragment of the third complement component and for fibrinogen. (lu.se)
  • Integrins are the major adhesion receptors of leukocytes and platelets. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Integrins on circulating cells bind poorly to their ligands but become active after 'inside-out' signaling through other membrane receptors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These 2 members mediate leukocyte adhesions to endothelial cells but they also serve as receptors for iC3b (inactivated C3b). (medscape.com)
  • Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM-2, CD12), belongs to the ICAM family consisting of three members identified as ligands for integrin receptors. (betalifesci.com)
  • Interactions of ICAM-2 and the integrin receptors mediate cell adhesion in a wide range of lymphocyte, monocyte, natural killer cell, and granulocytewith other cells, and play important roles in many adhesion-dependent immune and inflammation responses, such as T cell aggregation, NK-cell cytotoxicity and migration, lymphocyte recirculation, etc. (betalifesci.com)
  • ACKR1 is one of more than 20 distinct chemokine receptors expressed in human leukocytes. (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • As a second ligand of leukocyte function-associated antigen-1, ICAM-2 functions as a costimulatory molecule for effector cells. (betalifesci.com)
  • The beta subunit is the CD18 ANTIGEN. (bvsalud.org)
  • Description: The N418 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD11c, the integrin alpha X. CD11c non-covalently associates with beta 2 integrin to form the CD11c/CD18 heterodimer. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD11c/CD18 binds to CD54, iC3b and fibrinogen and plays a role in leukocyte adhesive interactions. (thermofisher.com)
  • La subunidad alfa es el ANTÍGENO CD11c, un antígeno de superficie que se expresa en algunas células mieloides. (bvsalud.org)
  • In molecular biology, CD18 (Integrin beta chain-2) is an integrin beta chain protein that is encoded by the ITGB2 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ITGB2 protein product is CD18. (wikipedia.org)
  • ITGB2 is the beta component of the β2 integrins. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Mutations in the β2 intergrin ( ITGB2 ) gene lead to absent, reduced, or aberrant CD18 protein expression, resulting in subnormal levels of β2 intergrins on leukocyte membranes. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Type 1 results from mutations in the integrin beta-2 gene ( ITGB2 ), encoding CD18 beta-2 integrins. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The GAME-46 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to CD18. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The antibody can be used as a reporter of the activation state of the integrin receptor in response to exposure to Mg 2+ or Mn 2+ . (biolegend.com)
  • On the basis of its potential to block anti-collagen type II (CII) antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) and to suppress the conformational activation of β 2 -integrins in leukocytes, the present study was undertaken to investigate its interference with leukocyte adherence to cytokine-activated endothelium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Leukocyte rolling and firm adhesion to the synovial endothelium in an early response to the anti-CII antibody transfer were significantly decreased in ALP-pretreated mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A statistical analysis of intravital microscopic images recorded from the knee joints of untreated control mice during an early time span of 24 hours after the transfer of anti-CII mAbs [ 10 ] revealed an antibody-induced increase in leukocyte adhesion to the vessel walls. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II manifest the Bombay phenotype (ie, negative for O and H blood group antigens with potential production of anti-H antibody). (medscape.com)
  • Among splenocytes, NK cells have the highest density of CD18, and T lymphocytes express a higher density than the remaining cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES). (rush.edu)
  • Notably, transfection of the subjects' lymphocytes with KINDLIN3 complementary DNA but not CALDAGGEF1 cDNA reverses the LAD-III defect, restoring integrin-mediated adhesion and migration. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Valmu L , Hilden T J, van Willigen G and Gahmberg C G (1999) Characterization of b2 (CD18) integrin phosphorylation in phorbol ester activated T lymphocytes. (leenavalmu.fi)
  • Multiple inherited mutations in the integrin β2 protein (CD18) that reduce expression or function have been identified as the causative factor in patients with LAD1. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • CD18 is a 90-95 kDa type I transmembrane protein expressed on all leukocytes. (icbinhibitor.com)
  • The downmodulation of stimulation-induced F-actin assembly in neutrophils through the interaction of ALP with the actin-bundling protein l-plastin caused a blockade of the conformational activation of β 2 -integrins [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An important protein crucial for successful adhesion and cell surface signaling of neutrophils is CD18. (basepaws.com)
  • CD18 is a 90-95 kD type I transmembrane protein also known as integrin ß2 subunit, LFA-1 ß subunit, and ß2 integrin. (angioproteomie.com)
  • Currently, 18 subtypes have been reported: 12 are type I (dysfunctional lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor synthesis), and 6 are type II (dysfunctional trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide), including leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (CDG-IIc). (medscape.com)
  • Rap-1 is an essential protein involved in signaling mediated by integrins. (medscape.com)
  • Mac-1 conformational activation induced by ligand occupancy or activating Ab binding but not integrin clustering brought on comparable patterns of intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation including Akt phosphorylation and inhibited spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis indicating that global conformational changes are critical for Mac-1-dependent outside-in transmission transduction. (researchdataservice.com)
  • Protein binding to the integrin tail presumably destabilizes the association of the α and β JNJ-10397049 integrin subunit and causes conformational rearrangements that are propagated to the extracellular portion of the integrin (5). (researchdataservice.com)
  • In humans, lack of functional CD18 causes leukocyte adhesion deficiency, a disease defined by a lack of leukocyte extravasation from blood into tissues, which is the inability of circulating leukocytes to respond to foreign bodies present in the tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Beta2-integrins are essential for leukocyte extravasation to sites of infection ( i.e. leukocyte trafficking), and other immunological processes including neutrophil phagocytosis and ROS production, and T cell activation. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • The extravasation of leukocytes from the vascular bed into surrounding tissues and organs is part of the host defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the first phase of the extravasation process, selectins such as L-selectin on leukocytes and E- and P-selectin on endothelial cells lead to a loose connection that permits tethering and rolling of leukocytes on the endothelium under hydrodynamic shear [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain, and are crucial for cells to be able to efficiently bind to the extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)
  • This subsequently reduces the ability of the individual's immune system to fight off infection, making them more susceptible to foreign infection than those with functional CD18 proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2019) Beta2-Integrins and Interacting Proteins in Leukocyte Trafficking, Immune Suppression, and Immunodeficiency Disease. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • During inside-out activation intracellular signaling induces the binding of cytoplasmic proteins such as talin to the short integrin tail. (researchdataservice.com)
  • The β2 integrins are important mediators of leukocyte-endothelium interactions. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Treg-specific CD18 deletion did not impair Treg migration into extralymphatic organs, but it resulted in shorter interactions of Treg with DC. (jci.org)
  • Integrins are cell surface molecules of importance in a wide variety of cellular functions, including morphogenesis, cell migration and cell matrix interactions. (medicaljournals.se)
  • The potential of recombinant ALP to block the interactions of leukocytes with the endothelial lining was concomitantly investigated in vitro and in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Examples of adhesive interactions between platelets (red) and leukocytes (blue). (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Major cell adhesion molecule interactions include (platelet‐leukocyte) P‐selectin‐PSGL‐1 and GP1bα‐Mac‐1. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Blockade of PLY-induced alveolar leukocyte trafficking by pretreatment of mice with anti-CD18 plus anti-CD49d Abs or depletion of circulating neutrophils did not attenuate the increase in lung permeability observed in response to intratracheal PLY. (aai.org)
  • In neutrophils and myeloid K562 cells ligand ICAM-1 or activating Ab binding promoted switchblade-like extension of the Mac-1 extracellular domain name and separation of the αM and β2 subunit cytoplasmic tails two structural hallmarks of integrin activation. (researchdataservice.com)
  • Neutrophils or polymorphonculear leukocytes (PMNs) 4 play important functions in the host defense network against pathogens JNJ-10397049 by virtue of their abilities to phagocytose microorganisms and to produce reactive oxygen intermediates and proteolytic enzymes. (researchdataservice.com)
  • Integrin α-x/β 2 recognizes the sequence g-p-r in fibrinogen α-chain. (lu.se)
  • Integrin α-m/β-2 recognizes P1 and P2 peptides of fibrinogen gamma chain. (lu.se)
  • Beta1 and beta2 integrin function on leukocytes is crucial for a successful immune response and the platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta3 initiates the process of blood clotting through binding fibrinogen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency results from an adhesion molecule defect that causes granulocyte and lymphocyte dysfunction and recurrent soft-tissue infections. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The deficiency of leukocyte integrin CD18-β subunit is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in the integrin β-2 subunit ( ITBG2 ) gene. (basepaws.com)
  • This disease is a defect in fucose metabolism (lack of fucosylation of the carbohydrate selectin ligands) that results in failure to express the ligand for E and P selectin, sialyl Lewis-X (CD15s) expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
  • First, the cells roll along endothelial surfaces, a process that requires expression of P and E selectins on the endothelial cells and their ligands on leukocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Whereas integrins on circulating PMNs primarily exist in a nonadhesive basal state numerous activators including bacterial products such as fMLP and tissue factors such as TNF-α rapidly increase the cell surface density of Mac-1 and its affinity for extracellular ligands including sites on endothelial cells that collection the blood vessel interior (11). (researchdataservice.com)
  • These data imply a novel role of Syk via PI3K p110δ signaling for β2 integrin-mediated migration which is a prerequisite for efficient PMN recruitment in vivo. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • These integrins are essential for proper leukocyte migration, mediating intercellular contacts. (icbinhibitor.com)
  • Peripheral blood leukocytes undergo a sequence of activation that leads to migration of cells into the site of inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Intracellular signals associated with or triggered by integrin ligation can control cell survival differentiation proliferation and migration. (researchdataservice.com)
  • 1, 2] The clinical picture is characterized by marked leukocytosis and localized bacterial infections that are difficult to detect until they have progressed to an extensive level secondary to lack of leukocyte recruitment at the site of infection. (medscape.com)
  • Another reported type of leukocyte adhesion deficiency involves dysfunction in platelet aggregation in addition to a defect in leukocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)
  • Integrins mediate bidirectional communication between the extracellular environment and the cytoplasm and thus regulate a broad array of cellular processes. (researchdataservice.com)
  • Deficiencies in CD18 expression can lead to adhesion defects in circulating white blood cells in humans, reducing the immune system's ability to fight off foreign invaders. (wikipedia.org)
  • To understand the role of Treg in LAD-1 development and manifestation of autoimmunity, we generated mice specifically lacking CD18 on Treg (CD18Foxp3), resulting in defective LFA-1 expression. (jci.org)
  • severe reduction of CD18 expression leads to the development of a psoriasiform skin disease. (icbinhibitor.com)
  • These results suggest that Gln supplementation attenuated polymorphonuclear leucocyte integrin expression. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • This 3-year-old girl had leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) with complete absence of CD18 expression. (medscape.com)
  • 1% expression of CD18). (medscape.com)
  • In milder forms of leukocyte adhesion deficiency I (1-30% expression of CD8), patients may survive to adulthood. (medscape.com)
  • This leukocyte adhesion deficiency variant is associated with defective expression of the Rap-1 activator CalDAG-GEFI. (medscape.com)
  • Subjects with leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 (LAD-I) do not express beta2 integrins because of mutations in the gene specifying the beta2 subunit, and they suffer recurrent bacterial infections. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In most cases, the response mediated by the integrin is a composite of the functions of its individual subunits. (icbinhibitor.com)
  • These structural changes ultimately result in extension of the headpiece away from the cell surface in a switchblade-like motion and separation of the cytoplasmic tails of the α and β integrin subunits (5 12 Structural and functional studies suggest that integrins exist in a dynamic equilibrium between three different affinity says: low intermediate and high (5). (researchdataservice.com)
  • The low affinity state is usually characterized by a compact structure in which the extracellular domain name is usually bent over and the integrin headpiece is usually in close proximity to the cell membrane with the cytoplasmic tails of the α and β subunits closely apposed (13). (researchdataservice.com)
  • Ladilen is a gene-modified cell therapy commercialized by Rocket Pharmaceuticals, with a leading Phase II program in Leukocyte Disorders (White Blood Cell Disorders). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
  • The therapeutic candidate constitutes patient-derived hematopoietic stem cells modified with a lentiviral vector containing the CD18 gene. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) is a rare disease resulting from mutations in the gene encoding for the common β-chain of the β2-integrin family (CD18). (jci.org)
  • Effect of Leukocyte Concentration on the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. (rush.edu)
  • Activated by cytokines and chemokines, leukocytes and endothelial cells express distinct adhesion molecules on their cell surfaces [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chemokines primarily act to promote leukocyte chemotaxis to sites of inflammation. (guidetomalariapharmacology.org)
  • The quick up-regulation of integrin affinity in the presence of chemokines or other activating factors is usually mediated by inside-out signals (4). (researchdataservice.com)
  • Leukocyte rolling in postcapillary venules of inflamed tissues is reduced in L-selectin-deficient mice and mice treated with L-selectin blocking antibodies, but the glycoprotein ligand for L-selectin in inflamed venules is unknown. (rupress.org)
  • Upon binding with one of a number of alpha chains, CD18 is capable of forming multiple heterodimers, which play significant roles in cellular adhesion and cell surface signaling, as well as important roles in immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2019) Report of a Chinese Cohort with Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency-I and Four Novel Mutations. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III is caused by mutations in KINDLIN3 affecting integrin activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mutations affecting alpha(IIb)beta3 integrin cause the bleeding disorder termed Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mice received either adhesion-blocking Abs to inhibit alveolar leukocyte trafficking or liposomal clodronate to deplete alveolar macrophages before intratracheal application of native PLY or its noncytotoxic derivative PdB. (aai.org)
  • The beta 2 integrins have also been found in a soluble form, meaning they are not anchored into the plasma membrane of the cell, but rather exist outside of the cell in the plasma, and are capable of ligand binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • The soluble beta 2 integrins are ligand binding and plasma levels are inversely associated with disease activity in the autoimmune disease spondyloarthritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • It acts by targeting integrin beta 2. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
  • La subunidad beta es el ANTÍGENO CD18. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, intravital fluorescence microscopic imaging of leukocyte rolling and firm adhesion to postcapillary venules were performed in the knee joints of DBA1/J mice after intravenous injection of anti-CII mAbs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
  • Their hematopoietically-derived cells express beta1, beta2 and beta3 integrins, but defective inside-out signaling causes immune deficiency and bleeding problems. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD18 also exists in soluble, ligand binding forms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Variants of leukocyte adhesion deficiency have also been reported, including fully expressed but nonfunctional CD18 and an E selectin that is expressed but rapidly cleaved from the cell surface (only present in soluble form). (medscape.com)
  • Preventive administration of ALP as a single dose of 100 μg per mouse led to a significant suppression of leukocyte rolling on, and of firm adhesion to, the synovial venular endothelium. (biomedcentral.com)