• This is a photograph of Sarah Elizabeth Stewart, PhD, MD (1905-1976), whose discoveries involving the murine polyomavirus with Bernice Eddy, PhD, propelled the then-reluctant field of oncology to pursue viral etiologies of cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • To understand Stewart's role in catalyzing viral oncology research, it is necessary to recognize that until the 1950s, scientists dismissed the idea that viruses could cause cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • So in 1956, when Stewart approached Eddy for assistance growing the agent causing parotid tumors in mice, Eddy readily agreed and the 2 women rapidly worked out the characteristics of the agent that was not referred to as a virus in their publications until 1959. (cdc.gov)
  • It took many decades before the seminal contributions of several virologists studying cancers were appreciated, such as Peyton Rous' 1911 discovery of the Rous sarcoma virus (which caused tumors in chickens), and discoveries of Richard Shope (rabbit fibroma) and John Bittner (mouse mammary carcinoma) in the 1930s. (cdc.gov)
  • Together they showed that the virus produced 20 types of mouse tumors and could cause tumors in other small mammals. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1944, when Stewart requested support to study the link between animal tumors and viruses, the directors of the NIH Laboratory of Microbiology and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) refused on the grounds that the proposal seemed dubious and that she lacked appropriate qualifications. (cdc.gov)
  • Layers of protein which surround the capsid in animal viruses with tubular nucleocapsids. (lookformedical.com)
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
  • B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • PMID- 214400 TI - Transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles. (nih.gov)
  • PMID- 214398 TI - Characterization of an adenosine triphosphatase of the avian myeloblastosis virus and the virus-infected myeloblast. (nih.gov)
  • This is a photograph of Sarah Elizabeth Stewart, PhD, MD (1905-1976), whose discoveries involving the murine polyomavirus with Bernice Eddy, PhD, propelled the then-reluctant field of oncology to pursue viral etiologies of cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • To understand Stewart's role in catalyzing viral oncology research, it is necessary to recognize that until the 1950s, scientists dismissed the idea that viruses could cause cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • It took many decades before the seminal contributions of several virologists studying cancers were appreciated, such as Peyton Rous' 1911 discovery of the Rous sarcoma virus (which caused tumors in chickens), and discoveries of Richard Shope (rabbit fibroma) and John Bittner (mouse mammary carcinoma) in the 1930s. (cdc.gov)
  • PMID- 214407 TI - Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in India. (nih.gov)
  • AB - Antibody activity to Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) was measured by the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test in sera from 124 women with squamous-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, 46 women with non-cervical cancer and 116 matched normal women. (nih.gov)
  • Avoiding occupational blood exposures is the primary way to prevent transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in health-care settings ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This report updates and consolidates all previous U.S. Public Health Service recommendations for the management of health-care personnel (HCP) who have occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might contain hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • They also demonstrated that the virus causes cell necrosis and proliferation in cell culture, that it is highly antigenic, and that it leads to formation of specific antibodies in infected animals whether or not tumors develop. (cdc.gov)
  • PMID- 214405 TI - Long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to Epstein-Barr virus in man. (nih.gov)
  • The results strongly suggest that the regression phenomenon is an in vitro expression of long-term T-cell-mediated immunity to EB virus which the large majority, if not all, infected individuals possess. (nih.gov)