Leukemia in mice mouse leukemias. Medical search. Frequent questions

Figure 2: Hematopoietic changes and incidence of AML in Npm1 cA/+ mice. (nature.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia is a hematopoietic neoplasm of dismal prognosis that results from the accumulation of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. (frontiersin.org)
Akin to the normal hematopoietic system, leukemias are sustained by a small number of leukemia stem-like cells (LSC), which can be distinct from the normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) but also exhibit functional characteristics of self-renewal and (abnormal or hindered) differentiation, and are often quiescent ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

One third of mice developed delayed-onset AML, suggesting a requirement for cooperating mutations. (nature.com)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly diverse malignancy with a poor prognosis whose largest subgroup is characterized by somatic mutations in NPM1 , which encodes nucleophosmin 1 . (nature.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia bearing cytoplasmic nucleophosmin (NPMc+ AML) shows a distinct gene expression profile characterized by up-regulation of genes involved in stem-cell maintenance. (nature.com)
NPM1 mutations and cytoplasmic nucleophosmin are mutually exclusive of recurrent genetic abnormalities: a comparative analysis of 2562 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. (nature.com)
The aim of this mini-review is to discuss emerging epigenetic roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). (frontiersin.org)

We also identified recurrent integrations in known and newly discovered leukemia genes including Nf1, Bach2, Dleu2 and Nup98 . (nature.com)
1939 International Committee on Standardized Nomenclature for Mice begins, bringing order to the naming of mice and their genes. (jax.org)

Here we report that activation of a humanized Npm1c knock-in allele in mouse hemopoietic stem cells causes Hox gene overexpression, enhanced self renewal and expanded myelopoiesis. (nature.com)
Mice carrying a hypomorphic Evi1 allele are embryonic viable but exhibit severe congenital heart defects. (rochester.edu)

The strain is now valued as a source of embryonic stem cells for making knockout mice. (jax.org)

The Jackson Laboratory has made fundamental contributions to biomedical research, including cancer genetics and establishing the mouse as the premier research animal model. (jax.org)

Followup study on the mortality and the development of leukemia in 44 pancytopenic patients with chronic benzene exposure. (cdc.gov)
What Do We Need To Know About Pregnancy, and Family Planning for Patients Diagnosed With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia? (medscape.com)
I'm Dr Michael Mauro, and welcome to the Medscape InDiscussion podcast series on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). (medscape.com)

Emergence of LSC is dependent on individual or combined genetic mutations that broadly determine the cellular affiliation of the leukemia, and permit or impose ectopic self-renewal and a restricted differentiation potential into what constitutes the proliferative bulk of the leukemia ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

Acceleration of mouse mammary tumor virus-induced murine mammary tumorigenesis by a p53 172H transgene: influence of FVB background on tumor latency and identification of novel sites of proviral insertion. (rochester.edu)

Cytoplasmic nucleophosmin in acute myelogenous leukemia with a normal karyotype. (nature.com)

We discuss the value of lncRNAs as putative diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in myeloid leukemias and indicate novel directions in this exciting research field. (frontiersin.org)
Initially sought as pets, the Granby mice become important in research. (jax.org)

Deletion of Mecom in mouse results in early-onset spinal deformity and osteopenia. (rochester.edu)

Today, we're going to discuss pregnancy, family planning, and fertility for patients with a diagnosis of CML, which is not a topic generally mixed with leukemia very often. (medscape.com)

Peter Gorer shows in mouse studies at JAX that transplant rejection is primarily governed by what he calls the H2 genetic locus, later described as the major histocompatibility complex, a key component of immunity. (jax.org)

Lathrop sends mice that developed tumors to Leo Loeb at the University of Pennsylvania , who publishes pioneering papers on cancer. (jax.org)

The findings, published in Cell Reports , eventually could help lead to drug therapies that target some types of leukemia - including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common blood and bone marrow cancer in adults, the researchers said. (technologynetworks.com)
Treating acute myeloid leukemia is challenging because of these persistent, leukemia-initiating stem cells, which are typically not targeted by most existing therapies," Prabhu said. (technologynetworks.com)
Leukemia-initiating stem cells resemble normal blood-forming stem cells, he noted, adding that alternative therapies that selectively target leukemic stem cells could open new avenues to treat acute myeloid leukemia and other malignancies. (technologynetworks.com)
[ 14 ] Although many acute B-cell precursor leukemias contain inactivating deletion or mutations in the INK4A-ARF gene, there is also a subset of t(1;19) chromosomal translocations that lack mutations in this gene. (medscape.com)
In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), "differentiation therapy" using all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide releases the differentiation block and is curative in most patients, but treatments to promote differentiation have not emerged clinically in most other leukemia subtypes 11 . (nature.com)
Amplification of chromosome 21, particularly the distal segment 21q22, is highly associated with acute leukemia. (nature.com)
In addition, somatic gain of chromosome 21 is associated with aggressive leukemias, such as iAMP21 B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia that has multiple extra copies of 21q22 and a very poor prognosis 13 . (nature.com)
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with complex karyotype, a subtype associated with poor outcomes, 21q22 is the most frequent region of high-level DNA copy gain 14 . (nature.com)
8. The ARF tumor suppressor in acute leukemias: insights from mouse models of Bcr-Abl-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (nih.gov)
9. High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with bcr-abl and INK4A/ARF mutations retain susceptibility to alloreactive T cells. (nih.gov)
15. Arf gene loss enhances oncogenicity and limits imatinib response in mouse models of Bcr-Abl-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (nih.gov)
18. Epigenetic inactivation of INK4/CDK/RB cell cycle pathway in acute leukemias. (nih.gov)
Despite an increasingly rich understanding of its pathogenesis, acute myeloid leukemia remains a disease with poor outcomes, overwhelmingly due to disease relapse. (haematologica.org)
This, in conjunction with advances in drug development that have allowed for increasingly targeted therapies to be engineered, raises the hope that we are entering an era in which the leukemia stem cell population can be eliminated, resulting in therapeutic cures for acute myeloid leukemia patients. (haematologica.org)
Therefore, in this review article, we seek to identify the relevant features of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells for clinical trialists, discuss potential strategies to target leukemia stem cells, and propose a set of guidelines outlining the necessary elements of clinical trials to allow for the successful testing of stem cell-directed therapies. (haematologica.org)
Outcomes for adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are poor, with a long-term overall survival (OS) of only 40-50% for younger patients and a median OS of less than one year for older patients. (haematologica.org)
In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treatment with histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) and low-dose IL-2 (HDC/IL-2) in the post-chemotherapy phase has been shown to reduce the incidence of leukemic relapse. (frontiersin.org)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by unrestrained growth of myeloid cells in bone marrow (BM) and other organs. (frontiersin.org)

A selenium-rich diet may help fend off myeloid leukemia by stimulating compounds that can suppress leukemia stem cells. (technologynetworks.com)
Selenium-enriched diets may help ward off myeloid leukemia, and a new study led by researchers in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences has described the mechanism by which this occurs. (technologynetworks.com)
Here, we report that the chromatin accessibility regulator HMGN1, a target of recurrent DNA copy gains in leukemia, controls myeloid differentiation. (nature.com)
HMGN1 overexpression also cooperates with the AML-ETO9a fusion oncoprotein to impair myeloid differentiation and enhance leukemia stem cell (LSC) activity. (nature.com)
Germline amplification, such as in Down syndrome (trisomy 21), confers a markedly increased risk of myeloid and lymphoid leukemia 12 . (nature.com)
17. Role of p53 in leukemogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia. (nih.gov)

13. Detection of BCR-ABL gene mutations in Philadelphia chromosome positive leukemia patients resistant to STI-571 cancer therapy. (nih.gov)

1. The INK4-ARF (CDKN2A/B) locus in hematopoiesis and BCR-ABL-induced leukemias. (nih.gov)

We had shown previously that if we supplement mice with selenium or we give them the CyPGs, we can treat their leukemia - make it less aggressive or even basically cure it," Paulson said. (technologynetworks.com)
In mice that lack the receptor, the leukemia becomes extremely aggressive - it's like taking the brakes away," Prabhu said. (technologynetworks.com)

14. Expression patterns of WT-1 and Bcr-Abl measured by TaqMan quantitative real-time RT-PCR during follow-up of leukemia patients with the Ph chromosome. (nih.gov)

And, of course, he had many different inbred strains of mice which could be used, and he steered me to this, which took all of three years to do. (nih.gov)

AML is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal, leukemia-initiating stem cells in the bone marrow, blood and other tissues, explained lead author Sandeep Prabhu , professor of immunology and molecular toxicology and head of the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences . (technologynetworks.com)
Notch1 is an oncogene that causes development of T-ALL when expressed transgenically in mouse bone marrow. (medscape.com)

In recent years, work to characterize the leukemia stem cell population, the disease compartment most difficult to eliminate with conventional therapy and most responsible for relapse, has been undertaken. (haematologica.org)

The activated oncoprotein E2a-Pbx1 transforms several cell types in vitro and induces lymphoblastic lymphomas in transgenic mice. (medscape.com)
7. Triptolide inhibits Bcr-Abl transcription and induces apoptosis in STI571-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells harboring T315I mutation. (nih.gov)

This translocation is present in 20% of pre-B-cell leukemias and generates a chimeric transcription factor known as E2a-Pbx1, a fusion protein containing the strong transactivation domains of E2a and the DNA binding domain of Pbx1. (medscape.com)

Carlo Croce's group at the Thomas Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is developing mouse models to study the role of the oncogene TCL1 in T-CLL, the most common of mature T-cell malignancies. (medscape.com)
Warren Pear, of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, discussed the role of Notch signaling in leukemia cells. (medscape.com)

We came from the prostaglandin side - that the prostaglandin seemed to be able to induce cell death in leukemia stem cells. (technologynetworks.com)
Alternatively, when TCL is placed under control of an immunoglobulin promoter, mice develop B-cell leukemia. (medscape.com)
Therefore, according to studies in mouse models, TCL1 seems to promote cell proliferation and to prevent apoptosis of T-cell progenitors. (medscape.com)

Bmi-1-deficient hematopoietic progenitors and mouse embryo fibroblasts are resistant to transformation by E2a-Pbx1. (medscape.com)

A narrative review concluded that recent epidemiologic studies are consistent with those reviewed previously ( Zahm and Ward 1998 ) and support associations between childhood leukemia and parental pesticide exposure before and during pregnancy and childhood exposure to household insecticides ( Infante-Rivard and Weichenthal 2007 ). (nih.gov)

Results from a phase III trial showed that post-remission treatment with the histamine derivative histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) in conjunction with low-dose IL-2 (HDC/IL-2) significantly improved leukemia-free survival ( 4 ) and meta-analyses supported that the HDC component was critical for the clinical efficacy of this regimen ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

The result was that the mice with the GPR44 receptor receiving selenium supplementation had significantly better outcomes than the ones in which the receptor was deleted. (technologynetworks.com)

Penn State scientists previously found that supplementing the diets of mice with selenium - a trace mineral naturally found in varying amounts in many foods - stimulated the production of compounds known as cyclopentenone prostaglandins, which appeared to kill or suppress leukemia stem cells. (technologynetworks.com)
When expressed on leukemia stem cells, this receptor signals the cells to undergo programmed death. (technologynetworks.com)
To test the hypothesis that GPR44 plays a role in the selenium-induced death of leukemia stem cells, the research team transplanted leukemic stem cells from mice that were devoid of GPR44 to mice whose cells had the GPR44 receptor. (technologynetworks.com)
Conversely, TCL1 knock-out mice have a reduced number of B cells, suggesting that TCL1 is required for development of the lymphoid cells in which it is expressed. (medscape.com)
One hallmark of leukemia is a block in normal differentiation from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to their mature progeny. (nature.com)
However, due to the unique features of leukemia stem cells, drugs that are designed to specifically eliminate this population may not be adequately tested when applied to this model. (haematologica.org)
2 It has recently been recognized that leukemia stem cells (LSCs), which are capable of giving rise to identical daughter cells as well as differentiated cells, 3 perpetuate and maintain AML. (haematologica.org)
11 This technology, enhanced by NOD/SCID mouse xenotransplant models and lentivirus-mediated clonal tracking, further characterized LSC properties and led to the observation that they have many features in common with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), 17 14 including self-renewal capabilities and engraftment potential. (haematologica.org)
In a xenograft model, immunodeficient NOG mice were inoculated with wild-type or NOX2 −/− human monocytic AML cells and treated with HDC in vivo . (frontiersin.org)

Croce reported that mice overexpressing TCL1 develop a hemopathy similar to human T-CLL. (medscape.com)
Thus, Bmi-1 is likely to be an important mediator of the translocation product E2a-Pbx1 in a subset of human lymphoid leukemias. (medscape.com)

Several scientists at the meeting have developed promising new mouse models that are shedding more light on cancer mechanisms. (medscape.com)

Childhood leukemia was associated with prenatal maternal occupational pesticide exposure in analyses of all studies combined and in several subgroups. (nih.gov)
Research needs include improved pesticide exposure indices, continued follow-up of existing cohorts, genetic susceptibility assessment, and basic research on childhood leukemia initiation and progression. (nih.gov)

4.It is recommended that daunorubicin hydrochloride be administered only by physicians who are experienced in leukemia chemotherapy and in facilities with laboratory and supportive resources adequate to monitor drug tolerance and protect and maintain a patient compromised by drug toxicity. (nih.gov)

Anatomy9

Organisms7

Diseases34

Chemicals and Drugs13

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes12

Information Science2

Hematopoietic3

Cooperating mutations1

Acute myeloid4

Genes2

Allele2

Embryonic1

Genetics1

Chronic3

Self renewal1

Tumor1

Normal1

Research2

Results1

Patients1

Shows1

University1

Acute18

Myeloid6

Mutations1

Hematopoiesis1

Aggressive2

Chromosome1

Strains1

Bone marrow2

Stem cell1

Induces2

Transcription1

Philadelphia2

Cell3

Resistant1

Ward1

Survival1

Significantly1

Cells9

Human2

Models1

Exposure2

Resources1