• Members of this genus are gener- Leucine Threonine dehydratase ally Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria. (sagepub.com)
  • The likely precursors for the missing proximal reactions in isoleucine and methionine synthesis were identified, and they differed from predictions based on genome annotations: synthesis of 2-oxobutanoate, the aphid-derived precursor of isoleucine synthesis, was stimulated by homoserine and not threonine via threonine dehydratase, and production of the homocysteine precursor of methionine was driven by cystathionine, not cysteine, via reversal of the transsulfuration pathway. (gre.ac.uk)
  • Isoleucine, like other branched-chain amino acids , is associated with insulin resistance: higher levels of isoleucine are observed in the blood of diabetic mice, rats, and humans. (chemkits.com)
  • [6] In diet-induced obese and insulin resistant mice, a diet with decreased levels of isoleucine (with or without the other branched-chain amino acids) results in reduced adiposity and improved insulin sensitivity. (chemkits.com)
  • Addition of HF to isolated Buchnera preparations significantly increased the production of leucine and phenylalanine, and recombinant enzymes mediating the final reactions in branched-chain amino acid and phenylalanine synthesis rescued the production of these EAAs by Buchnera preparations without HF. (gre.ac.uk)
  • Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis 31 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. (lbl.gov)
  • Nowadays, two different pathways involved in the biosynthesis of pyrazines. (sagepub.com)
  • Fatty acid biosynthesis 8 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Steroid biosynthesis 12 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Primary bile acid biosynthesis 13 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis 14 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Arginine biosynthesis 17 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • N-Glycan biosynthesis 39 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis 40 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis 41 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis 42 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • A zinc containing enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes the removal of the N-terminal amino acid from most L-peptides, particularly those with N-terminal leucine residues but not those with N-terminal lysine or arginine residues. (lookformedical.com)
  • Isoleucine is synthesized from pyruvate employing leucine biosynthesis enzymes in other organisms such as bacteria. (chemkits.com)
  • The acetohydroxy acid synthase III isoenzyme of Escherichia coli K-12: regulation of synthesis by leucine. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • some compounds in this group may also inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis (fluometuron) or synthesis of anthocyanin, RNA, and proteins (propanil), as well as effects on the plasmalemma (propanil) (Devine et al. (weedscience.org)
  • Benzofuranes (WSSA Group 16), chlorocarbonic acids (Group 26), phosphorodithioates (Group 8), and thiocarbamates (Group 8) are examples of herbicides that are known inhibitors of several plant processes including: 1) biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids which may account for reported reductions in cuticular wax deposition, 2) biosynthesis of proteins, isoprenoids (including gibberellins), and flavonoids (including anthocyanins), and 3) gibberellin synthesis inhibition which may result from the inhibition of kaurene synthesis. (weedscience.org)
  • A transfer RNA which is specific for carrying leucine to sites on the ribosomes in preparation for protein synthesis. (lookformedical.com)
  • The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS . (lookformedical.com)
  • This genome sequence provides a basis the condensation of two amino acids to a cyclic dipeptide, for elucidating the possible mechanism for the biosynthesis and then converted into the pyrazine molecule (Cheng et al. (sagepub.com)
  • In addition, the ingredients in this product promote the biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, and biological amines. (mirelamendoza.com)
  • The mutant also had altered expression of a number of starch biosynthesis genes and this was associated with a more highly crystalline starch. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the biosynthetic pathway to LEUCINE , forming isopropyl malate from acetyl-CoA and alpha-ketoisovaleric acid. (lookformedical.com)
  • Leucine dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of L-LEUCINE, to 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate (2-ketoisocaproate) and AMMONIA, with the corresponding reduction of the cofactor NAD+. (lookformedical.com)
  • The genome of L14 for the biosynthesis of alkyl-substituted pyrazines have been contains 5,611,962 bp with a GC content of 47.92 mol%, proposed (Beck et al. (sagepub.com)
  • Leucines occurring in heptad repeats end up on the same sides of the helixes and are adjacent to each other in the stem of the Y (the "zipper" region). (lookformedical.com)
  • For more information, see the paper from 2019 on GapMind for amino acid biosynthesis, the paper from 2022 on GapMind for carbon sources, or view the source code , or see changes to Amino acid biosynthesis since the publication. (lbl.gov)
  • However, knowledge about the biosynthesis of L14 was performed to gain insights into the genetic elements pyrazines is very limited. (sagepub.com)
  • [5] Mice fed an isoleucine deprivation diet for one day have improved insulin sensitivity, and feeding of an isoleucine deprivation diet for one week significantly decreases blood glucose levels. (chemkits.com)
  • [8] In humans, a protein restricted diet lowers blood levels of isoleucine and decreases fasting blood glucose levels. (chemkits.com)
  • The activity of this enzyme is commonly assayed using a leucine arylamide chromogenic substrate such as leucyl beta-naphthylamide. (lookformedical.com)
  • We found that the saliva exposome represents at least 14 metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, glutathione metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and butanoate metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • It is characterized by abnormalities in the metabolism of leucine. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) formed from ribose-5P [MD:M00005] is an activated compound used in the biosynthesis of histidine and purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. (easyomics.org)
  • More recently, ANAGNOSTOPOULOS and CRAWFORD (1961) showed that this same molecule of DNA carries at least four of the loci for tryptophan biosynthesis, from anthranilic acid to tryptophan, with the link- age and biosynthetic pathway following the same sequential order with one possible exception. (nih.gov)
  • use DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS 1970-1979 MH - 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase UI - D051229 MN - D8.811.913.225.735 MS - An enzyme of the shikimate pathway of AROMATIC AMINO ACID biosynthesis, it generates 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate and ORTHOPHOSPHATE from PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE and SHIKIMATE-3-PHOSPHATE. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, the ingredients in this product promote the biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, and biological amines. (acimedicine.com)
  • The present studies extend the genetic map of this cluster of markers of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
  • and the skeletal muscle and lung had significant changes in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, as analyzed by pathway analysis. (rti.org)
  • The mechanistic enzymology of thiamin pyrophosphate-dependent enzymes is described in detail in the chapter by Frank Jordan.1 Here, we will review recent progress on the biosynthesis of thiamin pyrophosphate in bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an emphasis on some of the novel organic chemistry that has emerged from these studies. (ferienwohnung-gluecksburg.net)
  • That means, that the human body is not able to produce a sufficient amount of them via biosynthesis from other substances, but still depends on them. (bertrand.bio)