Lateral root development. Medical search. Frequent questions

The following description is for early events in lateral root formation of the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana: Lateral root formation is initiated in pericycle (located between the endodermis and vascular tissue) of the root system, and begins with a process referred to as priming. (wikipedia.org)
compared the change of root system architecture of Arabidopsis in homogeneous, heterogeneous provision of nitrate and phosphate, founded that the primary root length was decreased with increasing availability of nitrate, while increased with more supply of phosphate. (frontiersin.org)
We found that Arabidopsis root system is highly sensitive to these compounds. (intechopen.com)
However, application of iGluR agonists L-glutamate recovered Arabidopsis root growth. (intechopen.com)
Taken together, these results suggest a correlation between the putative iGluR-like channel function and the alteration of root growth and development in the Arabidopsis roots. (intechopen.com)
In Arabidopsis thaliana, lateral root development is a classic example of a developmental process that is controlled by auxin at multiple stages. (boku.ac.at)
Lateral root emergence in Arabidopsis is dependent on transcription factor LBD29 regulating auxin influx carrier LAX3. (academictree.org)

Regulation of root formation is tightly controlled by plant hormones such as auxin, and by the precise control of aspects of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Such control can be particularly useful, as increased auxin levels help to promote lateral root development, in young leaf primordia. (wikipedia.org)
Auxin is a good example of this, as it generally stimulates growth in the upper part of a plant when in high concentrations, but in roots, inhibits the elongation and growth of the roots when found in high concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
Root growth is often stimulated by another hormone, called ethylene, which is prevented from being produced in the roots when auxin levels are high. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, it was found that low levels of auxin are actually found to stimulate the growth and elongation of the root system, even without the presence of ethylene. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that local ammonium supply stimulates the accumulation of shoot-derived auxin in the root vasculature and promotes lateral root emergence to build a highly branched root system. (nature.com)
Activities of pH and auxin reporters indicate that ammonium uptake mediated by ammonium transporters acidifies the root apoplast, which increases pH-dependent import of protonated auxin into cortical and epidermal cells overlaying lateral root primordia, and subsequently promotes their emergence from the parental root. (nature.com)
In nitrogen-deficient plants, auxin also accumulates in the root vasculature but a more alkaline apoplast leads to retention of auxin in these tissues and prevents lateral root formation. (nature.com)
Our study highlights the impact of externally available nitrogen forms on pH-dependent radial auxin mobility and its regulatory function in organ development. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: Shoot-derived auxin is critical for higher-order lateral root branching in presence of ammonium. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: N nutrition modulates apoplastic pH and radial auxin distribution in lateral roots. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Lowering pH restores radial auxin diffusion and higher-order lateral root branching under N deficiency. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: N-dependent response of lateral root development to external auxin. (nature.com)
GUS transgenic A. thaliana plant and an auxin transport inhibitor, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, the altered root development was still elicited by strain 90-166, indicating that this was not a result of changes in plant auxin levels. (molcells.org)
The roles of auxin in specific organs and tissues-the shoot apical meristem, roots, vasculature, and flowers-are described in detail. (cshlpress.com)
Other topics include the development of computational models for root and shoot growth, as well as chemical tools and synthetic systems to understand auxin biology. (cshlpress.com)
Depending on the available nutrients, water, stressors or development cues: auxin. (wustl.edu)
What follows as a result of that auxin release can also vary, from stress responses to leaf development to changes in the root system architecture. (wustl.edu)
Those responses are all results of Auxin Response Factors (ARFs), proteins which bind to DNA in a cell's nucleus to facilitate growth and development in one way, or another. (wustl.edu)
Therefore, we used lateral root formation as a model system to gain insight into the multifunctionality of auxin. (boku.ac.at)
We were able to demonstrate the complementary and sequential action of two discrete auxin response modules, the previously described SOLITARY ROOT/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (IAA) 14-AUXIN REPONSE FACTOR (ARF)7-ARF19-dependent lateral root initiation module and the successive BODENLOS/IAA12-MONOPTEROS/ARF5-dependent module, both of which are required for proper organogenesis. (boku.ac.at)
Besides auxin, cytokinin (CK) is also involved in root organogenesis. (answerlib.org)

Stages V to VIII: Expansion and further division of these four layers eventually result in the emergence of the young lateral root from the parent tissue (the overlying tissue of the primary root) at stage eight. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 5: Local ammonium promotes lateral root emergence in a LAX3-independent manner. (nature.com)
Fig. 6: Scheme depicting the mechanism underlying ammonium-induced lateral root emergence. (nature.com)
We observed inhibition of primary root elongation, enhanced lateral root emergence, and early emergence of second order lateral roots after inoculation with strain 90-166 at a certain distance from the root. (molcells.org)

Previous results have shown that constitutive activation of the miR390/TAS3 pathway promotes lateral root growth but impairs nodule organogenesis and infection by rhizobia during the nitrogen fixing symbiosis established between Medicago truncatula and its partner Sinorhizobium meliloti. (conicet.gov.ar)
Root cutting inhibits seedling taproots growth and promotes lateral root development, improving seedling quality. (techscience.com)

Focusing on bacterial determinants of the root alterations, we found that primary root elongation was inhibited in seedlings treated with cell supernatant (secreted compounds), while lateral root formation was induced in seedlings treated with lysate supernatant (intracellular compounds). (molcells.org)
After the root cutting treatment, the root growth of Quercus variabilis seedlings could compensate for the inhibition of taproot growth by promoting lateral root growth. (techscience.com)
Well-developed roots are crucial for cultivating high-quality vegetation restoration seedlings. (techscience.com)
Root pruning is carried out to facilitate the transplanting and transportation of seedlings. (techscience.com)
Therefore, cultivating high-quality seedlings with well-developed roots is the top priority for nursery workers. (techscience.com)
8 ] found that after lateral root cutting, the main root of young Chinese juniper seedlings was lost. (techscience.com)
Also, the number and total length of primary lateral roots in the root-cutting-treated seedlings were greater than those of the entire root seedlings, and the position was closer to the root base. (techscience.com)
Height, dry weights, lengths of roots, and numbers of lateral roots and root tips of tree seedlings were assessed. (afs-journal.org)
Here, we report the influence of PAs on root morphology and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) of citrus seedlings. (ishs.org)

However, root pruning can cause significant damage to the young root tissues, adversely affecting nutrient absorption, seedling growth, and survival. (techscience.com)
Introduction to anatomy, general features of epithelial tissue, general organization of connective tissue, development of and hstology of cartilage and bone tissues, embryology and histology of skin, biochemistry of connective tissue, and bone tissue, skin and tissue parasites and fungi, arthropods and arthropods borne viruses. (atilim.edu.tr)
The production of a new lateral root from parental root primary tissues has been investigated extensively, and the most important regulatory mechanisms are now well known. (botany.one)
To understand phosphorylation events in signaling pathways triggered by sodium bicarbonate stress, TMT-labeling-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses were performed on soybean leaf and root tissues under 50 mM NaHCO3 treatment. (bvsalud.org)

In some cases, lateral roots have been found to form symbiotic relationships with rhizobia (bacteria) and mycorrhizae (fungi) found in the soil, to further increase surface area and increase nutrient uptake. (wikipedia.org)
A naturally occurring fungus found in both plants and soil which stimulates a symbiotic association between plant roots and specific fungi of the soil. (rohrerseeds.com)
Hobecker KV , Reynoso MA, Bustos-Sanmamed P, Wen J, Mysore KS, Crespi M, Blanco FA, Zanetti ME (2017) The MicroRNA390/TAS3 pathway mediates symbiotic nodulation and lateral root growth. (mpg.de)

For example, maize ( Zea mays ) plants with few but long lateral roots usually have greater N acquisition than that with many but short lateral roots, because of deeper rooting and greater axial root elongation ( Zhan and Lynch, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)

R2R3-MYB is an important transcription factor family that regulates plant growth and development. (biomedcentral.com)

It is suggested that PAs may benefit nutrient uptake by roots through modified root morphology and mycorrhizal development. (ishs.org)
Also, three experienced orthodontists were asked to visually inspect the morphology of the lateral incisors on the panoramic radiographs. (springeropen.com)
To this end, the primary aim of this retrospective, observational study was to explore the difference in the morphology of lateral incisors, specifically their crown-to-root angulation, when they are adjacent to palatally impacted canines compared with the morphology of lateral incisors adjacent to canines with a normal eruptive pattern. (springeropen.com)
Conclusion: Thus, it is clinically relevant to correlate the morphology of teeth with hypercementosis with the specific aspects of endodontic therapy, aiming to establish the limits of root canal treatment in cases of hypercementosis. (bvsalud.org)
Excessive deposition of non-neoplastic cementum over root cementum alters root morphology, namely, hypercementosis. (bvsalud.org)

After 8 days of treatment with N deficiency, the total root length, root surface area, root volume of both crops showed an opposite trend with significantly decreasing in wheat but significantly increasing in cotton, while the lateral root density was significantly increased in wheat but significantly decreased in cotton. (frontiersin.org)
iGluR competitive antagonists 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) or 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione acted (DNQX) acts as a negative regulator of primary root and lateral root density. (intechopen.com)
Here, we provide evidences that simultaneous knock-down of ARF2, ARF3 and ARF4 or mutation in ARF4a altered root architecture, causing a reduction in primary and lateral root length, but increasing lateral root density. (conicet.gov.ar)
We compared two pruning treatments (pruning-P and no pruning-NP) and analysed the effect on root distribution and density, root index and on the root sugar reserves. (preprints.org)

They contribute to anchoring the plant securely into the soil, increasing water uptake, and facilitate the extraction of nutrients required for the growth and development of the plant. (wikipedia.org)
As in any other plant, in the grapevine roots play a vital role in terms of anchorage, uptake of water and nutrients, as well as storage and production of chemicals. (preprints.org)
Humic substances improve soil structure and fertility and positively influence nutrient uptake by plants and improve root systems. (bruker.com)

Drew, M. C. Comparison of effects of a localized supply of phosphate, nitrate, ammonium and potassium on growth of seminal root system, and shoot, in barley. (nature.com)
At the same time, the seminal root length in wheat and the primary root length in cotton were increased after 8 days of N deficiency treatment. (frontiersin.org)
these miRNAs inhibited the total root growth but promoted the seminal roots growth and lateral root formation to tolerate N deficiency. (frontiersin.org)

Regulation of Root Angle and Gravitropism. (academictree.org)
In addition, we review the molecular regulation and hormonal pathways involved in controlling RSA plasticity, main root growth, branching and lateral root growth, root hair development, and formation of adventitious roots. (nih.gov)

Lateral roots, emerging from the pericycle (meristematic tissue), extend horizontally from the primary root (radicle) and over time makeup the iconic branching pattern of root systems. (wikipedia.org)
Stage I: The first morphologically identifiable stage is the asymmetric division of two cells of the pericycle, termed pericycle founder cells, which are adjacent to the protoxylem poles and from which the lateral roots are derived entirely. (wikipedia.org)

Lateral roots increase the surface area of a plant's root system and can be found in great abundance in several plant species. (wikipedia.org)
Powers, it turned out, had been looking at ARFs in the plant's mature root, while the study they found had looked at the meristematic root tip, the area where young cells divide. (wustl.edu)
It is designed to promote root and lateral bud development, improve the efficiency of a plant's respiratory and photosynthetic systems and delay the aging process in plant tissue. (treehelp.com)

Meristematic Zone: Right above the root cap and contains the "stem cells" of the plant. (wikipedia.org)
Signaling is important for the overall development and growth of a plant, including the production of lateral roots. (wikipedia.org)
Collectively, our results suggest that strain 90-166 can contribute to plant root development via multiple signaling pathways. (molcells.org)
Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are polyphagous plant-parasitic roundworms that produce large crop losses, representing a relevant agricultural pest worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
To uncover the role of iGluR-like channels in plant root growth, we used a comprehensive set of compounds known to alter iGluR channels in the neurons. (intechopen.com)
Once applied, it stimulates plant development and improves plant productivity increasing absorption of nutrients, effectiveness of the use of nitrogen and solubility of nutrients in the soil, in particular phosphorus. (rohrerseeds.com)
Mycorrhizal fungi colonize the plant roots and provide them with mineral elements and water they extract from the soil through an external net of hyphae, while the plant supplies the Mycorrhizal Fungi with radical organic compounds and sugar. (rohrerseeds.com)
It is speculated that plant hormones may be the key factors affecting their development, but this is not only related to the content of a single hormone, but more importantly, it is the interaction between various hormones. (techscience.com)
Studies on the relationship between transplanting or root cutting and plant root growth and development have gradually attracted the attention of researchers [ 3 , 4 ]. (techscience.com)
Post-translationally modified peptides are involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. (elifesciences.org)
This protects the plant early in its development from frost and other damage. (umn.edu)
After pollination, leaves continue providing nutrition to roots, assist in maintaining the integrity of the entire plant and provide plant materials to fill the grain. (umn.edu)
On young corn plants, leaves provide energy to the growing plant to develop new leaves, roots and reproductive structures. (umn.edu)
Plant roots perceive these stresses in the soil and adapt their architecture accordingly. (nih.gov)
Inositol monophosphates (IMP) are key enzymes in the ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis pathways, which play vital roles in regulating plant growth and development and stresses tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
Information regarding root growth and root canopy ratio is important as it gives us an understanding of the relationship between the aerial and subterranean parts of the plant, how they compete, and finally, offers us the possibility to ponder on cultural practices. (preprints.org)
Although it is known that humic substances facilitate interactions between the plant roots and soil, their exact mode of action remains unclear. (bruker.com)
Closer investigation of microtomed sections of the wheat plants revealed that label in the root cap zone the label did not penetrate into the plant interior, whereas in the root hair zone label was copiously present in both epidermal and endodermal regions. (bruker.com)
Understanding more of the way in which humic acid helps plants can facilitate the development of advanced rhizosphere management strategies to improve plant growth. (bruker.com)
The gaseous hormone ethylene plays a key role in plant growth and development, and it is a major regulator of stress responses. (answerlib.org)

[ 2 ] These cysts arise along the lateral periodontium or within the bone between the roots of erupted vital teeth. (medscape.com)
Cementum is a mineralized conjunctive tissue, part of the insertion periodontium, which covers the root dentin in a firmly adhered way and, it is the interface between dentin and periodontal ligament. (bvsalud.org)

Taken together, our results suggest that ARF2, ARF3 and ARF4 are common key players of the morphogenetic programs that control root development and the formation of nitrogen fixing nodules. (conicet.gov.ar)
NIPs are homologous to GmNod26, an abundantly expressed transcript in the peribacteroid membrane of nitrogen-fixing nodules of soybean roots [ 13 ] and are mostly found in the plasma membrane. (biomedcentral.com)

The tissue-specific expression of AQPs suggests an important role in the development and function of the respective organs. (biomedcentral.com)

Despite the importance of changes in root architecture to exploit local nutrient patches occurring in heterogenous soils or after placed fertilization, mechanisms integrating external nutrient signals into the root developmental programme remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
The morphological characteristics and endogenous hormone contents of normal roots (no root cutting, CK) and cut roots (cut by 1/3 of the length of the main root, RP) were determined by liquid chromatography, which was combined with mass spectrometry at different levels of different developmental stages. (techscience.com)
The beautiful thing about plants as a developmental model is that in a single individual, at a single time point, you have every stage of development present," Strader said. (wustl.edu)
[ 1 ] Lateral periodontal cysts are defined as nonkeratinized and noninflammatory developmental cysts located adjacent or lateral to the root of a vital tooth. (medscape.com)

The general zones of the primary root (taproot) that gives rise to eventual lateral roots are presented below from top to bottom. (wikipedia.org)
After root-cutting treatment, the taproot development is suppressed, and the number of lateral roots significantly increases, effectively improving water and nutrient absorption capacity [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)

The number of lateral roots corresponds to the number of xylem bundles, and two lateral roots will never be found directly across from one another on the primary root. (wikipedia.org)
which contributed to increasing in the total root length and primary root growth and to decreasing in the lateral root formation to adapt the N deficiency. (frontiersin.org)
There are two primary theories for the development of palatally impacted canines: the guidance theory and the genetic theory. (springeropen.com)
The guidance theory suggests that the eruption of the canine is influenced by local factors such as a retained primary canine and/or absence, underdevelopment, or malpositioning of the maxillary lateral incisor [ 9 , 12 - 14 ]. (springeropen.com)

Further study revealed that the alteration of root development elicited by strain 90-166 involved the jasmonate, ethylene, and salicylic acid signaling pathways. (molcells.org)

Several factors are involved in the formation and development of lateral roots. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding the molecular processes underlying the formation of galls and GCs and a deep knowledge of the nematode's biology are crucial for the development of new biotechnology-based control methods (reviewed in Fosu-Nyarko and Jones, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
In addition, it stimulates the formation of rootlets and the colonization of the rhizosphere and root by other beneficial micro-organisms. (rohrerseeds.com)
This fungus is also able to induce the formation of rootlets and stimulate the colonization of the rhizosphere and root by other beneficial microorganisms. (rohrerseeds.com)
Several stresses affect root anatomy by causing aerenchyma formation, lignin and suberin deposition, and Casparian strip modulation. (nih.gov)
Hypercementosis, so-called cementum hyperplasia, constitutes the excessive formation of this tissue and comprises either a limited point or the entire root surface 13 . (bvsalud.org)
Thoma and Goldman 14 affirmed that secondary cementum deposition occurs through four different processes: tooth continuous eruption, presence of inflammatory reaction, formation of spicules, and root repair. (bvsalud.org)

The xylem system is seen to develop in this zone along with lateral root development. (wikipedia.org)
The cambium is the secondary meristem of plants that produces layers of phloem and xylem cells that envelope the wood cylinders of stem, branches and roots, and results in seasonal radial growth. (botany.one)
During development, the xylem undergoes several different biochemical processes throughout its sequential stages of maturation. (botany.one)

Understanding root plasticity will be instrumental for the development of crops that are resilient in the face of abiotic stress. (nih.gov)

To improve water and nutrient acquisition from the soil, plants can modulate their root system architecture. (nature.com)
Root architectural, morphological phenes, and phene aggregates affect the utilization of soil resource ( York and Lynch, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
Roots can also actively grow toward favorable soil conditions and avoid environments detrimental to their development. (nih.gov)
By colonizing the roots and extending themselves further into the soil, the fungi enable the tree to take in more nutrients and moisture. (treehelp.com)
Not only does this have the potential of 'burning' the soil around the roots, it can also promote structurally weak growth that can attract insects and disease. (treehelp.com)
The plants were grown in the root column up to the five-leaf stage, then exposed to either 0.9 fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) or 0.4 FTSW for five days. (preprints.org)

Reynoso MA, Traubenik S, Hobecker KV , Blanco FA, Zanetti ME (2020) Post-transcriptional reprogramming during root nodule symbiosis. (mpg.de)

The objective of this study is to explore differences in crown-to-root angulation between lateral incisors adjacent to palatally impacted canines (PICs) and lateral incisors adjacent to normally erupted canines (NECs). (springeropen.com)
Also, 66.7% of the lateral incisors that were identified as "abnormal" by the panel of orthodontists were adjacent to a PIC. (springeropen.com)
A percentage of 65.2 of lateral incisors that were identified as "normal" were located adjacent to NECs. (springeropen.com)
The root of lateral incisors adjacent to PICs is angulated more mesially compared to lateral incisors adjacent to NECs. (springeropen.com)
In addition, clinicians are somewhat able to predict if a canine is palatally impacted by visually observing the crown-to-root angulation of the adjacent lateral incisor. (springeropen.com)
Thus, although there is no consensus about the exact etiology of palatally impacted canines, it appears that the adjacent lateral incisor demonstrates an important role, either because its eruption and dimensions are controlled by the same genes that control the eruption of the canine (genetic theory) or because its position in the arch influences the eruption path of the canine (guidance theory). (springeropen.com)
It was hypothesized that lateral incisors adjacent to palatally impacted canines will present with greater deviations in the crown-to-root angulation compared to lateral incisors adjacent to normally erupted canines. (springeropen.com)
A secondary aim was to explore whether a subjective visual evaluation of the crown-to-root angulation of a lateral incisor on a panoramic radiograph could aid the clinician in predicting the presence of an adjacent palatally impacted canine. (springeropen.com)

Some controversy exists about the relationship of Botryoid odontogenic cysts to lateral periodontal cysts, as some authors prefer to define a Botryoid odontogenic cyst as a "multicystic odontogenic lesion with histological characteristics of lateral periodontal cyst," or "cystic lesion similar to lateral periodontal cyst. (medscape.com)
The source of origin of lateral periodontal cysts remains controversial, with extensive debate in the literature over whether the lesion derives from the dental lamina, reduced enamel epithelium, or rests of Malassez. (medscape.com)
Maps derived from other methods, such as observation of herpes zoster lesion distributions or surgical root section, show discontinuous patterns. (medscape.com)

In conclusion, N deficiency significantly affected the morpho-physiological characteristics of roots that were regulated by miRNAs, but the miRNA-mediated mechanisms were different in wheat and cotton. (frontiersin.org)
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of root cutting stress on the dynamic changes of endogenous hormone content and growth characteristics of Quercus variabilis roots, and to explore the physiological role of endogenous hormones in regulating root-crown interactions in the short term. (techscience.com)
The identification of root architectural and anatomical characteristics holds paramount importance for th. (biomedcentral.com)

This allows coordination of root development with leaf development, enabling a balance between carbon and nitrogen metabolism to be established. (wikipedia.org)
Early vegetative growth consists of root development and leaf development and expansion. (umn.edu)

Root Cap: Protective layer of cells that covers the meristematic tissue. (wikipedia.org)

Based on literature, it is possible to notice a lack of scientific studies which guide the endodontist for treating teeth with hypercementosis, since the cement deposition lead to the length increase of the cementum canal, and consequently, to the increase of the distance from CDC junction to apical root end. (bvsalud.org)
Generally, the cementum-like substance is deposited in concentric layers on either the entire root or to be limited to apical portion 28 . (bvsalud.org)
Based on the searched literature, we observed a lack of studies guiding the endodontic technique to be applied in teeth with hypercementosis, because cementum deposition leads to the increase of the cementum canal, and consequently, the increase of the distance from CDC junction to apical root end. (bvsalud.org)

In addition, it is unclear if the microRNA-mediated mechanism related to root growth complies with a common mechanism in monocots and dicots under N deficiency. (frontiersin.org)

Mycorrhizal fungi increase the root surface from 100 to 1,000 times its size, greatly increasing the absorption of nutrients and water. (rohrerseeds.com)

This research project investigated a particular fall mechanism - the lateral buckling of unbraced joists, particularly wood composite I-joists. (cdc.gov)

This review provides insights into recent discoveries showing the importance of root system architecture (RSA) and plasticity for the survival and development of plants under heat, cold, drought, salt, and flooding stress. (nih.gov)
Drought stress increased the maximum root length (40%) and total root length (58%) of IS13540 than its irrigated control. (preprints.org)
These observations are consistent with the known positive physiological effects of humic acid on plants, e.g., enhanced growth and development of lateral roots and improvement in photosynthesis under stress conditions. (bruker.com)

The cells in this part of the root have been seen to play a critical role in gravitropic response and releasing secretions to mobilize nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
The growth and development of compensatory lateral roots contribute to the increase the total root length of plants, thus promoting the absorption of water and nutrients. (techscience.com)
Root development directly affects the absorption of water and nutrients by plants. (biomedcentral.com)

Crown-to-root angulations of all lateral incisors were measured manually on the final panoramic radiographs. (springeropen.com)
6, 8, 15 Impaction of lateral incisors treatment of such impacted teeth include root are however rare. (bvsalud.org)

Microscopic observations revealed that PAs increased the root colonization by indigenous AM fungi. (ishs.org)

Depending on the situation, the presence of this hormone can be a signal that kicks DNA transcription into gear, promoting growth and development, or it can keep transcription from happening. (wustl.edu)
The ability of the brain to control the PMC is part of the social training that children experience during growth and development. (medscape.com)

In this study, the influence of strain 90-166 on root development was studied in vitro. (molcells.org)
Herein, we present a simple, efficient and long-term method for nematode amplification on cucumber roots grown in vitro . (frontiersin.org)

Continuous growth on antagonist also leads to impairment of root meristem size, which suggests that iGluR-like channels may play a role in meristem maintenance. (intechopen.com)
Charts based on injection of local anesthetics into single dorsal root ganglia show bands of hypalgesia to be continuous longitudinally from the periphery to the spine. (medscape.com)

Root colo¬nization by indigenous AM fungi was also determined. (ishs.org)

Although N deficiency did not significantly impact the root biomass, an obvious change on the root morphological traits was observed in both wheat and cotton. (frontiersin.org)
Competition tended to increase allocation of biomass to roots and the length of the tap-root, but reduced total length of the root system. (afs-journal.org)

Giehl, R. F. H., Gruber, B. D. & von Wirén, N. Its time to make changes: modulation of root system architecture by nutrient signals. (nature.com)
Overall, competition with grass had little effect on seedling size but appeared to reduce development of the lateral root system. (afs-journal.org)
In general, on a length basis, competition with grass had no effect on the number of 1st order laterals on the tap-root, but the total number of root tips on the root system declined. (afs-journal.org)
Thin rhizobox was employed for better harvesting of the root system. (ishs.org)
Images of the root system was captured and root length, root surface area, average root diameter, root tip number and root volume were analyzed with the software WINRHIZO. (ishs.org)
In this contest, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of winter pruning on the root system of field-grown Vitis vinifera cv. (preprints.org)
It is evident that IS13540 is a drought-tolerant line, and tolerance is related to a deep prolific root system and reduced tran-spiration rate. (preprints.org)

A brief history of the TDIF-PXY signalling module: balancing meristem identity and differentiation during vascular development. (academictree.org)

Variation in root and shoot traits associated with drought tolerance were analyzed to provide an integrated view of factors that underlie the drought tolerance of sorghum. (preprints.org)
Various root and shoot traits associated with drought tolerance were recorded. (preprints.org)

The first well-documented case of a lateral periodontal cyst was reported by Standish and Shafer in 1958. (medscape.com)

Long term nitrogen deficiency alters expression of miRNAs and alters nitrogen metabolism and root architecture in Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum Perc. (nature.com)
Additionally, the two crops had different root regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) to N deficiency. (frontiersin.org)
Root development is vital for a tree because it gives the tree a reserve of strength and vitality that will help it survive through periods of drought, nutrient deficiency, insect infestation or disease. (treehelp.com)

Cementum's main function is to protect the root and link it to bone through collagen fibers 22 . (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy30

Organisms21

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes31

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Emergence4

Promotes lateral root2

Seedlings9

Tissues4

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Regulates1

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Seminal3

Regulation2

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Unclear1

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19581

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