used larvae from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a model, and combined techniques such as electrophysiology and electron microscopy with measures of the insect's behavior. (elifesciences.org)
Drosophila melanogaster plasmatocytes, the phagocytic cells among hemocytes, are essential for immune responses, but also play key roles from early development to death through their interactions with other cell types. (bvsalud.org)
Adult3
YP170-GFP is synthesized in the intestine of adult hermaphrodites and is secreted basolaterally into the body cavity (pseudocoelom). (wormbook.org)
All the cells in some region of the body (e.g. adult brain, larval CNS) that express PBac{681.P.FSVS-1}CG9650[CPTI001740]. (virtualflybrain.org)
Ventral3
The C. elegans hermaphrodite vulva develops during postembryonic (larval) development from ventral epidermal precursors, and connects the developing uterus to the external environment. (wormbook.org)
Here, we examine the morphogenetic function of an ECM before reaching homeostatic equilibrium by analyzing de novo ECM assembly during Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) condensation. (bvsalud.org)
Longitudinal nerve tracts travel along the body at ventral, subventral, lateral, subdorsal, and dorsal positions and connect cell bodies to major neuropils. (wormatlas.org)
Genes3
Two such genes in Drosophila encode the enzymes dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) and tyrosine hydroxylase (ple) . (sdbonline.org)
It reviews the homology of gene structure and the similarity of expression patterns between drosophila and mammalian Hox genes that suggest that this patterning mechanism is extremely ancient. (oxfordsciencetrove.com)
For example, during axial locomotion such as lamprey swimming and Drosophila larval crawling, muscles present in each segment are sequentially activated along the body axis in a stereotypic temporal and spatial pattern ( Grillner, 2003 ). (elifesciences.org)
Caldwell JC, Miller MM, Wing S, Soll DR, Eberl DF (2003) Dynamic analysis of larval locomotion in Drosophila chordotonal organ mutants. (isbweb.org)
Embryonic2
Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 (DEAF-1) is a transcription factor that was originally shown to bind the autoregulatory enhancer of the Deformed ( Dfd ) Hox gene, which is activated in embryonic head segments of Drosophila (Gross, 1996). (sdbonline.org)
Larval equivalent stages of ascidians and vertebrates have resembling structures such as a central notochord (embryonic structure forming the vertebral colomn in vertebrates), a dorsal neural tube and flanking muscles. (uibk.ac.at)
Gene3
The Drosophila CNS midline cells are an excellent system for studying these issues because they consist of a small population of diverse cells with well-defined gene expression profiles. (biologists.com)
Here, we have isolated mutations in the only Ndg gene present in Drosophila. (bvsalud.org)
Mutants in the gene encoding the InsP 3 R ( itpr ) in Drosophila exhibit a range of defects including altered wing posture, increased spontaneous firing, and loss of rhythmic flight patterns in response to an air puff stimulus. (jneurosci.org)
Larvae1
Fruit fly larvae have bodies that are made of segments, and they can contract and relax these segments in a sequence to propel themselves forwards or backwards. (elifesciences.org)
Neurons11
Throughout the animal kingdom, from insects to mammals, animals possess specialized circuits of neurons that are responsible for producing these patterns of muscle contraction. (elifesciences.org)
However, it is unclear how neurons controlling the movement of one part of the body relay information to neurons controlling the movement of other parts. (elifesciences.org)
How neural networks, including those underlying central pattern generators (CPGs) and sensory feedback circuits, orchestrate the precisely timed activation of motor and premotor neurons in multiple body segments remains poorly understood. (elifesciences.org)
It also details how new neurons are formed by the division of neural stem cells in the wall of the neural tube. (oxfordsciencetrove.com)
None of the body neurons examined show any defects in the ten-1(ok641) mutant, but genetic interaction studies reveal that ten-1(ok641) is synthetic lethal with sax-3, unc-34 and unc-73 , and examination of the hypodermal cells in embryos of the ten-1(ok641) mutant point to a role of ten-1 during hypodermal cell morphogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Larval neuron with its soma in the dorsolateral supraesophageal ganglion, dendrites in the superior protocerebrum, where it receives input from Pdf neurons, and a smaller contralateral branch (Gong et al. (virtualflybrain.org)
In the somatic nervous system, the neurons and their processes are generally positioned between the hypodermis and the body wall muscle and share a basal lamina with the hypodermis that isolates them from the muscles ( NeuroFIG 2 ). (wormatlas.org)
In contrast, the pharyngeal neurons lie directly among the pharyngeal muscles and are not separated from their muscle targets by a basal lamina. (wormatlas.org)
Cell bodies of most neurons are clustered in ganglia in the head or tail ( NeuroFIG 1 ). (wormatlas.org)
A few single neurons, including ALM , CAN , or small groups of neurons (lateral ganglia), are also found along the lateral body wall. (wormatlas.org)
The lateral touch receptor neurons ( ALM in the anterior body, PLM in the posterior body) run on the peripheral side of the hypodermis, whereas VNC, DC, and canal-associated nerves run on the inside between the hypodermis and pseudocoelom. (wormatlas.org)
Mutations1
We now demonstrate that null mutations of Drosophila Dab result in phenotypes that mimic Abl mutant phenotypes, both in axon guidance and epithelial morphogenesis. (biologists.com)
To identify novel regulators of JNK-dependent cell death, this study performed a dominant-modifier screen in Drosophila and found that the Toll pathway participates in JNK-mediated cell death. (sdbonline.org)
We therefore infer that Dab is a bona fide component of the core Abl signaling pathway in Drosophila . (biologists.com)
Behavior3
In Drosophila , InsP 3 R activity is required in aminergic interneurons during pupal development for normal flight behavior. (jneurosci.org)
GABAergic inhibition of leg motoneurons is required for normal walking behavior in freely moving Drosophila. (unibas.ch)
In the anterior chamber of terrestrial isopods, the folded dorsal hindgut wall forms a dorsal longitudinal fold termed typhlosole, together with two typhlosole channels. (pensoft.net)
Hemocytes2
Mosquito hemocytes are circulated throughout the hemocoel (body cavity) by the swift flow of hemolymph (blood), and data show that some hemocytes also exist as sessile cells that are attached to tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
The majority of sessile hemocytes are present on the abdominal wall, although significant numbers of hemocytes are also present in the thorax, head, and several of the appendages. (biomedcentral.com)
Interneurons1
Identification of a Single Pair of Interneurons for Bitter Taste Processing in the Drosophila Brain. (unibas.ch)
Neuronal2
found that each body segment contains a copy of the same basic neuronal circuit. (elifesciences.org)
Glial and neuronal Semaphorin signaling instruct the development of a functional myotopic map for Drosophila walking. (unibas.ch)
Development4
The worm benefits from many of the advantages of yeast as a genetically tractable organism for these kinds of studies while offering the unique opportunity to probe how these pathways have been extended and modified in the context of a multicellular animal undergoing development to produce diverse cell types such as muscles, nerves, and polarized epithelia. (wormbook.org)
Structure and development of the subesophageal zone of the Drosophila brain. (unibas.ch)
We present data on the occurrence of mitosis in storage cells of the eutardigrade Richtersius coronifer (Richters, 1903), and analyse mitotic cells in relation to different body characteristics, including egg development stage, moulting, gut content, body length, number and size of oocytes, and shape and size of the storage cells. (researchgate.net)
HDTVs and laptops as well as digital downloads in all categories will be huge There are call of duty modern warfare 2 rage hack buy such molts in Drosophila larval development that are accompanied by shedding of the mouth parts as well as the skins. (reform-osaka.jp)
During this invasion process, the basement membranes between the gonad and body wall are degraded. (wormbook.org)
In addition, subsynaptic muscle membranes are significantly altered. (rupress.org)
Functional1
Identification and functional characterization of muscle satellite cells in Drosophila. (unibas.ch)
Circuit1
By altering intracellular Ca 2+ and InsP 3 levels through genetic means, we now show that signaling through the InsP 3 R is required at multiple steps for generating the neural circuit required in air puff-stimulated Drosophila flight. (jneurosci.org)
Brain1
Future challenges are to determine how the brain controls larval movement via its long-range projections to the body. (elifesciences.org)
Nerve cells1
Cell differentiation leads to distinguishable cell types, such as blood cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells. (oxfordsciencetrove.com)
Function1
Price RM (2003) Columellar muscle of neogastropods: Muscle attachment and the function of columellar folds. (isbweb.org)
Study1
The cells that lie along the midline of the Drosophila CNS provide a useful system for the comprehensive study of neurogenesis and gliogenesis. (biologists.com)
Size1
Muscles around the iris change the size of the pupil , regulating the amount of light that enters the eye [4] and reducing aberrations when there is enough light. (knowpia.com)
System2
Noden( 30) Is the system of walls from the new reconstruction of the thermal scan. (need4speed.com)
We found that aggregation is a transgressive trait, and does not always correlate with measures of toxicity, such as early onset of muscle dysfunction, egg-laying deficits, or reduced lifespan. (biomedcentral.com)
Head1
Note that this reporter is also expressed in head muscle cells ( arrows , inset ). (wormatlas.org)
Activation2
Animals move by adaptively coordinating the sequential activation of muscles. (elifesciences.org)
Here, we show that the negative regulator of sperm activation, SWM-1, is produced in an unexpected cell type: body wall muscle. (silverchair.com)
Flight1
We also find, alike in mice, tissue-specific requirements of Ndg for proper assembly and maintenance of certain BMs, namely those of the adipose tissue and flight muscles. (bvsalud.org)
Normal1
In the normal fly heart, the muscle fibers work like your fingers when they squeeze a tube of toothpaste. (interimpartner.se)
Networks1
Furthermore, uncoupling of the Laminin and Collagen IV networks is clearly observed in the larval adipose tissue in the absence of Ndg, indeed supporting a linking role. (bvsalud.org)
Recent1
There has been a recent renewed interest in insect nociception using Drosophila as a model. (frontiersin.org)
Early1
Cardena G (2004) Early adaptive responses of the vascular wall during venous arterialization in mice. (isbweb.org)
Support1
The low mitotic index and the strong association with moulting suggests that mitosis in storage cells may be connected with somatic growth rather than cell renewal, and that the purpose of cell division may relate to a need of more cells to support the enlarged body after moulting. (researchgate.net)
Significant1
Results (1) The LPS-low group, LPS-mid group, and LPS-high group rats showed significant wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis of the paw lips, decreased body mass, and increased mortality rate. (alljournal.ac.cn)