• The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. (wikipedia.org)
  • At the cellular level, the process is controlled by different levels of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and their partner cyclins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among the major cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), Cdk1 is most abundantly expressed in IDG-SW3 cells, and its expression is down-regulated during differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)
  • Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
  • Among them, kenpaullone, an inhibitor of multiple kinases, including cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), protected zebrafish lateral-line neuromasts from cisplatin toxicity and, when delivered locally, protected adult mice and rats against cisplatin- and noise-induced hearing loss. (nih.gov)
  • PubMed] [Google Scholar]Berthet C., Kaldis P. Cell-specific responses to loss of cyclin-dependent kinases. (iahrgrenoble2016.org)
  • Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase 1-like Serine/Threonine Kinases. (umbc.edu)
  • Ribociclib (Kisqali) 200 mg is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, a class of drugs that help slow cancer progression by inhibiting two proteins called cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). (indiangenericprice.com)
  • Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) may provide protection against oncogenic processes in specific tissue types. (indiangenericprice.com)
  • Proteins kinase CK2 (previously called casein kinase 2) is a pivotal and ubiquitously expressed member of the protein CX-6258 manufacture kinase CMGC subfamily which includes cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) glycogen synthase kinases (GSKs) and CDK-like kinases (CLKs). (immune-source.com)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, also known as cell division protein kinase 2, or Cdk2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein associates with and is regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin E or A. Cyclin E binds G1 phase Cdk2, which is required for the transition from G1 to S phase while binding with Cyclin A is required to progress through the S phase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Later experiments showed that Cdk2 deletions lengthened the G1 phase of the cell cycle in mouse embryo fibroblasts. (wikipedia.org)
  • When Cdk2 was deleted in mice, the animals remained viable despite a reduction in body size. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cells in Cdk2 knockout mice likely undergo fewer divisions, contributing to the reduction in body size. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cdk2 is capable of binding to many different cyclins, including cyclins A, B, E, and possibly C. Recent studies suggest Cdk2 binds preferentially to cyclins A and E, while Cdk1 prefers cyclins A and B. Cdk2 becomes active when a cyclin protein (either A or E) binds at the active site located between the N and C lobes of the kinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the location of the active site, partner cyclins interact with both lobes of Cdk2. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is important to note that throughout this activation process, cyclins binding to Cdk2 do not undergo any conformational change. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prior to G1 phase, levels of Cdk4 and Cdk6 increase along with cyclin D. This allows for the partial phosphorylation of Rb, and partial activation of E2F at the beginning of G1 phase, which promotes cyclin E synthesis and increased Cdk2 activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • CDK2-deficient mice displayed enhanced resistance to cisplatin toxicity in cochlear explants and to cisplatin- and noise-induced hearing loss in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • PubMed] [Google Scholar]Berthet C., Aleem E., Coppola V., Tessarollo L., Kaldis P. Cdk2 knockout mice are viable. (iahrgrenoble2016.org)
  • CDK2 is regulated by cyclin E or cyclin A. Upon activation by cyclin E, it phosphorylates the retinoblastoma (pRb) protein which activates E2F mediated transcription and allows cells to move into S phase. (umbc.edu)
  • The CDK2/cyclin A complex plays a role in regulating DNA replication. (umbc.edu)
  • Studies in knockout mice revealed that CDK1 can compensate for the loss of the cdk2 gene as it can also bind cyclin E and drive G1 to S phase transition. (umbc.edu)
  • The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
  • CDKs belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. (umbc.edu)
  • The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)
  • E and F) Western blot analyses for p16 in FVB (E) and B6 (F) mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (koreamed.org)
  • 1983 Subsequently cyclin A genes have been found in all multicellular organisms including humans (Pines and Hunter 1990 While only a single cyclin A gene is present in the genomes of and cultured fibroblasts XI-006 or other cell types blocked DNA synthesis consistent with the essential function for cyclin A in DNA replication (Girard et al. (immune-source.com)
  • 1986 and injection of anti-cyclin A2 antibodies into cultured fibroblasts or inhibiting cyclin A2 function by p21Cip1 during the G2 phase blocked G2?M phase progression (Furuno et al. (immune-source.com)
  • Analyses of Cyclin A-null Fibroblasts We next derived fibroblasts from conditional cyclin A2 knockout embryos and cultured them culture (Physique 2A) and normally re-entered the cell cycle from quiescence (Physique 2B). (immune-source.com)
  • Fibroblasts To rule out the possible contribution from cyclin A1 we crossed cyclin A2f/f mice with cyclin A1-null animals (Liu et al. (immune-source.com)
  • Fibroblasts were isolated from cyclin A1-/-A2f/f embryos cultured and transduced with Cre-expressing viruses thereby ablating all cyclin A expression (Figures 1D and S1A). (immune-source.com)
  • Studies employing Bax and/or Bak knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) confirm that Bax is required for ABT-737 ± roscovitine lethality, whereas Bak is primarily involved in potentiation of ABT-737-induced apoptosis by Mcl-1 down-regulation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Mutations in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors controlling the G1 phase of the cell cycle are prevalent in various cancers. (koreamed.org)
  • Here, we generated knockout mouse models for each of these three cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors using engineered nucleases. (koreamed.org)
  • We studied the roles of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b, known as cellular stress-related senescence markers, in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced RGC death. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, where cells make proteins necessary for mitosis and replicate their DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • For most lines, the mouse ES cells used in generating the model are of the 129S5 strain. (taconic.com)
  • cyclin A function was essential for proliferation of hematopoietic and embryonal stem cells. (immune-source.com)
  • In these compartments cyclin A-Cdk complexes are expressed at particularly high levels which may render stem cells dependent on cyclin A. INTRODUCTION Replication of genetic material during cell division in Metazoan organisms is thought to be driven by cyclin A. Cyclin A was the first cyclin cloned in any organism (Swenson et al. (immune-source.com)
  • 1992 In addition cyclin A2 was postulated to play a role in access of cells into mitosis (Swenson et al. (immune-source.com)
  • The gene-targeting construct was launched into embryonal stem (ES) cells and heterozygous cyclin A2f/+ (Af denotes XI-006 the "floxed" allele) ES were obtained through homologous recombination (Figures 1A and 1B). (immune-source.com)
  • Cyclin A2f/+ ES cells were then injected into mouse blastocysts and homozygous cyclin A2f/f animals were generated using standard procedures (Geng et al. (immune-source.com)
  • However analyses of cell cycle progression using propidium iodide and anti-BrdU staining revealed that ablation of cyclin A2 increased the portion of cells in S and G2/M phases with concomitant decrease in the G1 populace (Figures 2C and 2D). (immune-source.com)
  • We found that cells lacking all A-type cyclins proliferated normally in culture (Physique XI-006 2A) and joined the S phase from G0. (immune-source.com)
  • We show that SRCAP mutations confer a selective advantage in human cells and in mice upon treatment with the anthracycline-class chemotherapeutic doxorubicin and bone marrow transplantation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since these mice had p35 deletion in all cells, it was impossible to separate and analyze its functions in excitatory and inhibitory neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we show that Mcl-1 down-regulation by the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor roscovitine or Mcl-1-shRNA dramatically increases ABT-737 lethality in human leukemia cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]Bailly E., Pines J., Hunter T., Bornens M. Cytoplasmic accumulation of cyclin B1 in human cells: association with a detergent-resistant compartment and with the centrosome. (iahrgrenoble2016.org)
  • Unlike their wild-type counterparts, human and mouse cells lacking p53 or p21 progress into mitosis prematurely with persisting uncapped telomeres. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After an individual contact with UVB regular epidermal cells from a p53 knockout mouse portrayed a relatively advanced of phospho-Chk1 (Ser317) while epidermal cells from a p53wild-type littermate induced p53 proteins and expressed a comparatively low degree of phospho-Chk1 (Ser317). (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • 2000 Continuous treatment of mice WYE-125132 with topical caffeine during an UVB-induced carcinogenesis study significantly inhibited tumor formation diminished phospho-Chk1 (Ser317) immunostaining and improved the number of mitotic cells expressing both cyclin B1 and caspase 3 in tumors (Lu et al. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • In additional studies we found that a single irradiation with UVB in p53 knockout mice markedly decreased the number of mitotic cells with cyclin B1 and sensitized these mice to caffeine-induced lethal mitosis by several-fold (Lou et al. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • in adult acinar cells harboring oncogenic mutation accelerated acinar to ductal reprogramming resulting in mucinous PDAC precursor lesions in mice. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • The number of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) positive cells was higher in ahnak knock-out mice than wild type mice at 24, 48 and 72hrs after hepatectomy. (snu.ac.kr)
  • In this study we developed a functional assay using mouse ES cells to study variants of BRCA1. (jci.org)
  • In this issue of the JCI , Chang, Sharan, and colleagues describe a novel system to evaluate human BRCA1 alleles for in vivo function using BACs containing human BRCA1 vectors in mouse cells and embryos (see the related article beginning on page 3160). (jci.org)
  • The Schlaepfer lab has developed a new mouse ovarian tumor model to study how some ovarian cancer cells resist chemotherapy. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • By genomic sequencing of ovarian cancer cells from mice at early and late stages of the disease, we identified a pattern of gene gains and losses that parallel gene changes occurring in human serous ovarian cancer. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • In cells from mice with late-stage cancer, FAK was active and present at high levels. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • To understand how FAK makes ovarian cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy, we have created FAK knockout and reconstituted cells. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • AAV2-CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of Cdkn2a or Cdkn2b was validated using cultured cells by T7 endonuclease I assay and Western blot analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We utilized a mouse insulin 1 promoter driven tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase β1 integrin knockout mouse model (MIPβ1KO) to investigate β1 integrin function in adult pancreatic beta-cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • Markedly enlarged anagen HFs of TG mice show increased proliferation in the matrix and an increased number of hair cortex and medulla cells compared with WT HFs. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Microarray and real-time PCR analyses of the laser-captured hair matrix cells show a strong decrease in expression of Cdk inhibitor p27(Kip1) and increased expression of selected cyclins in TG vs. WT mice. (brad.ac.uk)
  • The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
  • In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
  • Accordingly, cell cycle related proteins, including cyclin D1, PCNA, and CDK4 (cyclin dependent kinase 4) were increased in the liver of ahnak knock-out mice compared wild type mice at 24, 48 and 72hrs after hepatectomy. (snu.ac.kr)
  • Most of the important insights regarding the specific function of AP-1 proteins have been established through the use of mice with either loss- or gain-of-function manipulations of various members of the bZIP protein family [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1997 In the work explained below we decided to revisit the requirement for cyclin A function in cell proliferation using conditional cyclin A knockout mice. (immune-source.com)
  • RESULTS Generation and Characterization of Conditional Cyclin A2 Knockout Mice To obtain a conditional cyclin A2 allele we inserted sites into the first and seventh intron of the murine cyclin A2 gene (Physique 1A). (immune-source.com)
  • Hence deletion of the "floxed" cyclin A2 sequences converts the conditional cyclin A2 allele into a functionally null allele. (immune-source.com)
  • Several lines of conditional Cdk5 knockout mice (KO) have been generated and have shown different outcomes for learning and memory. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we present our analysis of p35 conditional KO mice (p35cKO) in hippocampal pyramidal neurons or forebrain GABAergic neurons using electrophysiological and behavioral methods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In our previous study, we generated and analyzed CreER-p35 conditional knockout mice (cKO), in which p35 is inducibly deleted in the brain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To validate and model the pathogenicity of these CDK10 germline mutations, we generated conditional-knockout mice. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Conditional c-Jun knockout in the liver of adult mice prevents the appearance of HCC in the DEN liver cancer model, implicating c-Jun as a crucial player in the initiation steps of liver carcinogenesis [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unlike preexisting embryonic stem cell-based knockout mice, our mouse models are free from selectable markers or other external gene insertions, permitting more precise study of cell cycle-related diseases without confounding influences of foreign DNA. (koreamed.org)
  • To create intestinal epithelial cell ILK knockout animals, Fabp/Cre mice (Cre recombinase expressed under the control of a modified Fabp promoter) were used, and they were mated with mice carrying a loxP-flanked (floxed) ILK gene (ILK flox/flox ). (bmj.com)
  • The IMPC applies a panel of phenotyping screens to characterise single-gene knockout mice by comparison to wild types. (mousephenotype.org)
  • fam76b gene knockout zebrafish exhibit reduced thymus, excessive inflammatory response, and increased mortality. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the present study, we created mice in which the p35 gene was deleted in hippocampal excitatory neurons (CaMKII-Cre p35cKO) or GABAergic inhibitory neurons (Dlx-Cre p35cKO). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparing with ahnak wild type mice, liver mass restoration in ahnak knock-out mice was accelerated, which was associated with increased expression levels in immediate early gene c-myc, c-fos, c-jun. (snu.ac.kr)
  • Gene disruption studies placed c-Jun as an oncogene at the early stage of a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
  • To investigate the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and its activator p35 in preplate splitting, we used Nissl staining, carbocyanine dye tracing, cell birthdating, and immunohistochemistry for calretinin (CalR) in p35 and Cdk5 knockout mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) /p35 is involved in many developmental processes of the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the CDK family and is expressed primarily in the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study elucidates cyclin dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) as an essential player in the development of lymphatic vessels. (oncotarget.com)
  • Deletion of Cdk5 in the mouse endothelium results in severe lymphedema formation and embryonic lethality. (oncotarget.com)
  • Our recent study elucidates the serine-threonine kinase cyclin dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) as the missing link in the regulation of Foxc2 in the lymphatic endothelium [ 12 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Mice lacking the tumor suppressors p16(Ink4a) (Cdkn2a, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a), p19(Arf) (an alternative reading frame product of Cdkn2a,), and p27(Kip1) (Cdkn1b, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1b) result in malignant progression of epithelial cancers, sarcomas, and melanomas, respectively. (koreamed.org)
  • For example, CDK4 is not required for normal mammary tissue growth based on knockout mouse studies, but it is required for Ras-induced breast tumor growth, suggesting a therapeutic window potential for treatment with lower toxicity. (indiangenericprice.com)
  • After 20 weeks of UVB irradiation these mice demonstrated no tumor development but will establish epidermis tumors over another almost a year. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • However, b-catenin did not promote FAK-null tumor growth in mice. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • embryos were observed (Physique 1C) consisted with the early embryonic lethality associated with a cyclin A-null phenotype. (immune-source.com)
  • In mice, c-Jun disruption causes embryonic lethality at midgestation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CDK1 is also called Cell division control protein 2 (Cdc2) or p34 protein kinase, and is regulated by cyclins A, B, and E. The CDK1/cyclin A complex controls G2 phase entry and progression while the CDK1/cyclin B complex is critical for G2 to M phase transition. (umbc.edu)
  • The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 is structured in two lobes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, NMDAR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) induction by low-frequency stimuli in hippocampal slices from CamkII-p35cKO mice was impaired compared to that in control mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FAK-null primary embryonic fibroblast proliferation in culture is blocked by p53 activation and released upon p53 or p21CIP1 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor genetic inactivation (Fig. 2). (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Physique 1 Generation of Cyclin A2f/f Mice In order to verify that deletion of the "floxed" cyclin A2 sequences resulted in a functionally null allele we crossed cyclin A2f/f mice with a "deleter" Meox2-Cre strain (Tallquist and Soriano 2000 and generated cyclin A2? (immune-source.com)
  • deletion in mice induced irritation, development of PanINs, and mucinous cysts [49]. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • Likewise, deletion in mice PDAC tumors (mutant and hemizygous deletion in mice with pancreatic appearance of turned on KRAS led to IPMN that advanced to PDAC [49,82]. (morainetownshipdems.org)
  • 2003 Cyclin A2f/f mice were viable and phenotypically normal (data not shown) consistent with our expectation that this "floxed" cyclin A2 allele is usually functionally wild-type. (immune-source.com)
  • however, Cdk10-knockout MEFs developed longer cilia. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Finally, Mcl-1 knockout MEFs are extremely sensitive to Bak conformational change and apoptosis induced by ABT-737, effects that are not potentiated by roscovitine. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In the last four decades, transgenic and knockout mouse models have helped to understand the mechanisms of mammalian sex determination, germ cell development, and adult gonad functions. (lidsen.com)
  • Towards this end, we generated a tetracycline inducible transgenic mouse expressing JDP2 specifically in the liver. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used diethylnitrosamine (DEN) injection to initiate liver cancer in mice and assessed the extent of liver cancer in JDP2-transgenic and wild type control mice by biochemical and molecular biology techniques. (biomedcentral.com)
  • JDP2-transgenic mice display normal liver function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • JDP2-transgenic mice displayed potentiation of liver cancer, higher mortality and increased number and size of tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we show that transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing the BMP antagonist noggin (promoter, K5) are characterized by a marked increase in size of anagen hair follicles (HFs) and by the replacement of zig-zag and auchen hairs by awl-like hairs, compared with the age-matched WT controls. (brad.ac.uk)
  • C and D) Representative results of PCR genotyping for FVB (C) and C57BL/6 (D) strains of WT and p16Ink4a KO mice. (koreamed.org)
  • Kato T, Yamada T, Nakamura H, Igarashi A, Anders RA, Sesaki H , Iijima M . The Loss of Nuclear PTEN Increases Tumorigenesis in a Preclinical Mouse Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (jhmi.edu)
  • Characterization and reversal of synaptic defects in the amygdala in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. (colorado.edu)
  • Phenotype comparisons summarize the similarity of mouse phenotypes with human disease phenotypes. (mousephenotype.org)
  • FAK knockout (KO) or kinase-inactive FAK point-mutant knockin yield embryonic lethal phenotypes in mice characterized by vascular deformation. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
  • A minimum of four (4) mutant mice, heterozygous for the selected mutation on a mixed 129S5;B6 background. (taconic.com)
  • A schematic of the Cdkn2a locus with TALEN-binding nucleotides (blue) and the amino acid sequences (purple) of the WT (upper) and KO (lower) mice are shown. (koreamed.org)
  • Intravitreal NMDA injection resulted in upregulation of Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b expression in RGCs of the mouse retina. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, excessive levels of Cdkn2a or Cdkn2b had no effect on RGC viability in healthy mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • AAV2-CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of either Cdkn2a or Cdkn2b attenuated NMDA-induced RGC death. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Homozygous Cdk10-knockout mice died postnatally with severe growth retardation, skeletal defects, and kidney and lung abnormalities, symptoms that partly resemble the disease's effect in humans. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • This is supported by studies in knockout mice showing development of soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian stromal cell tumors and a high sensitivity to carcinogenic treatments. (cancerindex.org)
  • Immunohistochemical evaluation of serial stored paraffin sections from 42 keratoacanthomas and 11 squamous cell carcinomas demonstrated that skin tumors from UVB-exposed mice showed an inverse relationship (>95%) between p53 protein expression and phospho-Chk1 (Ser317) however not phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) protein expression. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Tumors from congenic hairless p53 knockout mice acquired elevated degrees of phospho-Chk1 (Ser317) in WYE-125132 comparison to tumors from p53 wild-type SKH-1 handles. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Mice had been sacrificed 21 weeks following the last UVB treatment and dorsal skins both with and without tumors had been taken out and stapled WYE-125132 level to a plastic material sheet and put into 10% phosphate-buffered formalin at 4 °C for 24 h. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • In mouse tumors and in culture, acquired platinum resistance can facilitate ovarian tumorsphere dependence on FAK for growth. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Mice lacking c-Jun display reduced number and size of hepatic tumors attributed to elevated p53 expression and increased apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [ 2 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors (see image below). (medscape.com)
  • Tumors that developed in mice deficient in INK4A were enhanced by the topical application of carcinogens and ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)
  • The p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) knockout mice were generated via transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and p27(Kip1) knockout mice via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9). (koreamed.org)
  • Similar to TG mice, p27(Kip1) knockout mice also show an increased size of anagen HFs associated with increased cell proliferation in the hair bulb. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Primary epidermal keratinocytes (KC) from TG mice exhibit significantly increased proliferation and decreased p27(Kip1) expression, compared with WT KC. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Cyclin D1, Snail, fibronectin and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) were all reduced, and active caspase 3 increased, in tumours from ILK knockout mice, as compared with wild-type mice, on immunohistochemical analysis. (bmj.com)
  • Due to compensatory genetic mechanisms, knockout status cannot be guaranteed and will have to be confirmed by the customer. (taconic.com)
  • Pharmacological and genetic FAK inhibition can prevent angiogenesis in mice. (schlaepferlab.org)
  • Direct evidence linking the INK4A locus to tumorigenesis was provided by the targeted disruption of exon 2 of INK4A in mice. (medscape.com)
  • From these findings, it is concluded that ILK plays an important role in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, and that it influences the development of colitis-associated cancer, through modulation of cyclin D1, the extracellular matrix and MMP9. (bmj.com)
  • 2009. Activator protein 2alpha suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in the Apc(min) mouse. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • In P/Q-type voltage-gated-Ca 2+ channel knock-out mice, in which CaMKII activation was reduced, the levels of Homer3 phosphorylation and the soluble form of Homer 3 were markedly lower. (jneurosci.org)
  • ILK intestinal knockout mice exhibited a reduction in the size of the caecum, and reduced crypt height in the colon. (bmj.com)
  • Adult male MIPβ1KO mice were significantly glucose intolerant due to impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo and ex vivo at 8 weeks post-tamoxifen. (oncotarget.com)
  • A and B) Representative views of the transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) targeting strategy for generation of p16Ink4a KO mice in both FVB (A) and B6 (B) strains. (koreamed.org)
  • C and D) Representative results of PCR genotyping for FVB (C) and B6 (D) strains of WT and p19Arf KO mice. (koreamed.org)
  • 2015. Cytochrome P450 1b1 in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced skin carcinogenesis: Tumorigenicity of individual PAHs and coal-tar extract, DNA adduction and expression of select genes in the Cyp1b1 knockout mouse. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • Physique 2 Analyses of Cyclin A2? (immune-source.com)
  • Morphological analyses demonstrated that beta-cell mass, islet density, and the number of large-sized islets was significantly reduced in male MIPβ1KO mice. (oncotarget.com)
  • On the contrary, p39 deficient mice do not exhibit detectable abnormalities in neuronal positioning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Wild-type mice (ICR and C57B6J) were purchased from Nihon SLC (Hamamatsu, Japan). (jneurosci.org)
  • Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down ILK in colonic cancer cell lines, it was confirmed that it is capable of regulating cyclin D1, Snail, MMP9 and fibronectin transcription. (bmj.com)
  • A schematic of the Cdkn1b locus with single guide RNA target nucleotides (blue) and the amino acid sequences (purple) of the wild-type (upper) and knockout (lower) mice are shown. (koreamed.org)
  • Comparative transcriptomic analysis of mutant and wild-type mouse organs revealed lipid metabolic changes consistent with growth impairment and altered ciliogenesis in the absence of CDK10. (a-star.edu.sg)