Kinesin phosphorylation and anterograde axonal transport. Medical search. Frequent questions

For example, when mutations occur in dynein, a motor protein that is crucial in maintaining the uniform orientation of axonal neurotubules, the neurotubule polarity in axon becomes mixed. (wikipedia.org)
transport is driven by the microtubule motor protein cytoplasmic dynein, with motor activity regulated by a sequential series of adaptors. (bvsalud.org)
Either knockdown or overexpression of RAB10 stalls transport, suggesting that this GTPase is also required to coordinate the opposing activities of bound dynein and kinesin motors. (bvsalud.org)
Importins associated with dynein are an important component of retrograde injury signalling complexes and enable transport of direct importin cargoes, such as transcription factors, as well as secondary cargoes that bind scaffolding molecules associated with importins. (nature.com)
2008). Spatial control of branching within dendritic arbors by dynein-dependent transport of Rab5-endosomes. (sdbonline.org)
Dynein is required for polarized dendritic transport and uniform microtubule orientation in axons. (sdbonline.org)
Dynein transports various cellular cargos , provides forces and displacements important in mitosis , and drives the beat of eukaryotic cilia and flagella . (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasmic dynein, found in all animal cells and possibly plant cells as well, performs functions necessary for cell survival such as organelle transport and centrosome assembly. (wikipedia.org)
[2] [3] Dynein carries organelles, vesicles and possibly microtubule fragments along the axons of neurons toward the cell body in a process called retrograde axonal transport . (wikipedia.org)
[1] Additionally, dynein motor is also responsible for the transport of degradative endosomes retrogradely in the dendrites. (wikipedia.org)
Dynein and kinesin can both be exploited by viruses to mediate the viral replication process. (wikipedia.org)

These findings highlight the complex coordination of motor regulation during organelle transport in neurons. (bvsalud.org)
Using live cell imaging in human male induced pluripotent human stem cell (iPSC)-derived forebrain neurons, we demonstrated that lysosomal transport was similar in both control and CBE-treated neurons. (bvsalud.org)
Our results show that the rare late endosomal signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PI(3,5)P2] directs the axonal cotransport of synaptic vesicle and active zone proteins in precursor vesicles in human neurons. (bvsalud.org)
Neurons require specialized mechanisms of motor-facilitated signal transport for communication along long axonal distances to the cell body and the nucleus. (nature.com)
In PC12 cells and cultured hippocampal neurons, transport activity of GAKIN contributes to the accumulation of PIP 3 at the tip of neurites. (silverchair.com)
Together, these results suggest that, in neurons, the GAKIN-PIP 3 BP complex transports PIP 3 to the neurite ends and regulates neuronal polarity formation. (silverchair.com)
Here, we discuss our recent work linking LRRK2 hyperactivation to defective axonal autophagosome transport in neurons. (biomed.news)
Neurons from patients with fAD and patients with sAD showed increased phosphorylation of TAU protein at all investigated phosphorylation sites. (biomedcentral.com)

For successful transgene expression, viruses administered into muscle must undergo a series of processes, including host cell interaction and internalization, intracellular sorting, long-range retrograde axonal transport, endosomal liberation, and nuclear import. (frontiersin.org)
Emerging evidence suggests that lysosomes may also be the cellular center for intracellular transport (Fig. 1 ), signaling (Fig. 2 ), and metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
Lysosomes play a crucial role in intracellular transport. (biomedcentral.com)
Many viruses use the microtubule transport system to transport nucleic acid/protein cores to intracellular replication sites after invasion host the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)

Neurotrophins, a family of proteins important for the survival of neuron, as well as organelles, such as mitochondria and endosomes, are transported at a fast rate. (wikipedia.org)
Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles in eukaryotic cell providing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)

The somatodendritic endosomal regulator NEEP21 facilitates axonal targeting of L1/NgCAM. (sdbonline.org)

In contrast, structural proteins such as tubulin and neurofilament subunits are transported at lower rates. (wikipedia.org)
Anterograde IFT remains records from the normal amino along the water to the clear subunits in a polymerase that depends the adhesion was kinesin KIF3 palmitoylation tyrosine and the IFT-B degree branching, while major endoderm frequently to the first shape is on the ability flipped translation residue and the IFT-A site. (evakoch.com)

Precursor vesicles are distinct from conventional secretory organelles, endosomes, and degradative lysosomes and are transported by coincident detection of PI(3,5)P2 and active ARL8 via kinesin KIF1A to the presynaptic compartment. (bvsalud.org)
[1] It also helps transport cargo needed for cell function such as vesicles made by the endoplasmic reticulum , endosomes , and lysosomes (Karp, 2005). (wikipedia.org)

Neuronal autophagosomes form and engulf cargos at presynaptic sites in the axon and are then transported to the soma to recycle their cargo. (bvsalud.org)
These recent findings provide a coherent mechanistic framework for axon-soma communication in the injured nerve and shed light on the integration of cytoplasmic and nuclear transport in all eukaryotic cells. (nature.com)
[11] Not much is known about virus' motor-specific binding sites, but it is known that some viruses contain proline-rich sequences (that diverge between viruses) which, when removed, reduces dynactin binding, axon transport (in culture), and neuroinvasion in vivo. (wikipedia.org)

We show that guanylate kinase-associated kinesin (GAKIN), a kinesin-like motor protein, directly interacts with a PIP 3 -interacting protein, PIP 3 BP, and mediates the transport of PIP 3 -containing vesicles. (silverchair.com)

Transport of insoluble protein contributes to the fast movement while the slow transport is transporting up to 40% - 50% soluble protein. (wikipedia.org)
Phosphorylation of the AP2 mu subunit by AAK1 mediates high affinity binding to membrane protein sorting signals. (sdbonline.org)

In my laboratory researchers are examining the roles played by axonal cytoskeletal proteins in nervous system development, and in the etiology of Alzheimer's and other related neurodegenerative diseases. (uml.edu)
These results suggest the loss of GCase activity does not contribute to neurodegenerative disease by disrupting either lysosomal transport or rupture. (bvsalud.org)
Millecamps, S. & Julien, J. P. Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases. (nature.com)

Figure 2: Retrograde signalling via the JUN kinase pathway after an axonal lesion. (nature.com)
Phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP 3 ), a product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, is an important second messenger implicated in signal transduction and membrane transport. (silverchair.com)
In three different models, we observed that expression of the most common causative mutation for PD, LRRK2G2019S, disrupts processive autophagosome transport in a kinase-dependent manner. (biomed.news)

AAK1-mediated micro2 phosphorylation is stimulated by assembled clathrin. (sdbonline.org)

In contrast, most kinesin motor proteins move toward the microtubules' plus-end, in what is called anterograde transport . (wikipedia.org)

Anterograde transport refers to the transportation of cargoes from the minus (-) end to the plus (+) end, whereas retrograde transport is the transportation of cargoes in the opposite direction. (wikipedia.org)

The speed of transport depends on the types of cargo to be transported. (wikipedia.org)
Disruption of autophagosome transport correlates with defective autophagosome maturation, suggesting that hyperactive LRRK2 may impair efficient degradation of autophagosomal cargo. (biomed.news)

Increased SPAG9/JIP4 levels induce abnormal recruitment and activation of kinesin-1, which we propose results in an unproductive tug-of-war between anterograde and retrograde motors bound to autophagosomes. (biomed.news)

The uncoated transport vesicles can fuse with autophagosome or heterophagosome to form autophagolysosome, heterophagic lysosome or phagolysosome. (biomedcentral.com)

Our work demonstrates that LRRK2 hyperactivation is sufficient to induce defects in autophagosome transport and maturation, further establishing a role of defective autophagy in the pathogenesis of PD. (biomed.news)

The cargoes are transported at a fast rate or a slow rate. (wikipedia.org)

thus, long-distance retrograde signalling from axonal lesion sites to the soma and nucleus is required. (nature.com)

Recent evidence suggests that the early calcium wave elicited by an axonal injury induces epigenetic changes in the nucleus, thereby priming the system for subsequent transcriptional events. (nature.com)

Instead, they are released for transport into dendrites and axons after their nucleation in the centrosome. (wikipedia.org)

The fast axonal transport has a rate of 50-500 mm per day, while the slow axonal transport was found to be 0.4 mm per day in goldfish, 1-10 mm per day in mammalian nerve. (wikipedia.org)

The fast axonal transport has a rate of 50-500 mm per day, while the slow axonal transport was found to be 0.4 mm per day in goldfish, 1-10 mm per day in mammalian nerve. (wikipedia.org)
10. Pseudorabies Virus Fast Axonal Transport Occurs by a pUS9-Independent Mechanism. (nih.gov)
Although it is known that cytosolic/soluble proteins synthesized in cell bodies are transported at much lower overall velocities than vesicles in fast axonal transport, the fundamental basis for this slow movement is unknown. (jneurosci.org)
Dynamic cotransport of vesicles and synapsin particles is also seen in axons, consistent with a model where higher-order assemblies of synapsin are conveyed by transient and probabilistic associations with vesicles moving in fast axonal transport. (jneurosci.org)

Therefore, regulation of bi-directional transport of these organelles plays a critical role in the maintenance of axonal and synaptic degradation capacity. (nih.gov)

Up to 45% of the anterograde mitochondrial transport mediated by kinesin motors was inhibited by overexpression of tau in retinal ganglion axons. (medscape.com)

Phosphorylation at the S421 site in the KIF5-binding domain of MAPK8IP 1 regulates switching between these 2 complexes and, thus, determines the direction of APP transport. (nih.gov)

Instead, they are released for transport into dendrites and axons after their nucleation in the centrosome. (wikipedia.org)
By acting as a kinesin I membrane receptor, plays a role in axonal anterograde transport of cargo towards synapes in axons (PubMed:17062754, PubMed:23011729). (qedbio.com)
2. Dual Role of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 pUS9 in Virus Anterograde Axonal Transport and Final Assembly in Growth Cones in Distal Axons. (nih.gov)
4. Anterograde Viral Tracer Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Strain H129 Transports Primarily as Capsids in Cortical Neuron Axons. (nih.gov)
8. Characterization of the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Tegument Proteins That Bind to gE/gI and US9, Which Promote Assembly of HSV and Transport into Neuronal Axons. (nih.gov)
9. Kinesin-1 Proteins KIF5A, -5B, and -5C Promote Anterograde Transport of Herpes Simplex Virus Enveloped Virions in Axons. (nih.gov)
The majority of autophagic and endocytic organelles undergo long-distance retrograde transport from distal axons toward the soma, where mature lysosomes are highly enriched. (nih.gov)

In contrast, structural proteins such as tubulin and neurofilament subunits are transported at lower rates. (wikipedia.org)

18. Neutralizing antibodies inhibit axonal spread of herpes simplex virus type 1 to epidermal cells in vitro. (nih.gov)

Transport of insoluble protein contributes to the fast movement while the slow transport is transporting up to 40% - 50% soluble protein. (wikipedia.org)
Our studies uncover the underlying kinetic basis for a classic cytosolic/soluble protein moving in slow axonal transport and reveal previously unknown links between slow and fast transport, offering a clearer conceptual picture of this curious phenomenon. (jneurosci.org)

15. Pseudorabies Virus Infection Accelerates Degradation of the Kinesin-3 Motor KIF1A. (nih.gov)

Autophagy-lysosomal dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of several major neurodegenerative diseases and axonal dystrophy of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). (nih.gov)

A lack of tau leads to impairments of the microtubule network with deficits in axonal growth and transport. (medscape.com)

[ 10 ] Tau is regulated by phosphorylation, and once phosphorylated it tends to aggregate in filaments, thus inducing breaks in the microtubular tracks and neuronal death. (medscape.com)
He has used a broad range of approaches to tackle these problems, notably the development of mature neuronal cultures from adult disease mouse models and live imaging of organelle transport in in vitro and in vivo CNS systems. (nih.gov)

Proteins that are transported from the spinal cord to the foot can take up to a year to complete the journey. (wikipedia.org)
This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. (nih.gov)
Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. (nih.gov)

Tau, in a way, achieved this effect by "clogging" the microtubular tracks and preventing attachment of the smaller kinesin molecules. (medscape.com)

In contrast, phosphorylation of Parkin by PINK1 is dispensable for its translocation but required for its activation. (sdbonline.org)

Promotes both tau aggregation and TPK II-mediated phosphorylation. (qedbio.com)

More broadly, our work illustrates how cytoskeletal transport processes can be dissected in vivo by manipulating mechanical properties of motors. (bvsalud.org)

Despite the distinct overall dynamics of slow and fast transport, experimentally induced and intrinsic variations in vesicle transport have analogous effects on slow transport of synapsin as well. (jneurosci.org)

7. Role of Us9 phosphorylation in axonal sorting and anterograde transport of pseudorabies virus. (nih.gov)

Phosphorylation of PINK1 is not only required for the PINK1-mediated mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin but also induces its kinase activity toward Parkin. (sdbonline.org)

Here we show that slow axonal transport of synapsin, a prototypical member of this rate class, is dependent upon fast vesicle transport. (jneurosci.org)

PINK1-dependent phosphorylation of PINK1 and Parkin is essential for mitochondrial quality control. (sdbonline.org)
Taken together, these findings suggest that autophosphorylation of PINK1 is essential for the mitochondrial translocation of Parkin and for subsequent phosphorylation and activation of Parkin. (sdbonline.org)

The axonal transport can be classified according to speed - fast or slow, and according to direction - anterograde or retrograde. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy8

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes10

Information Science2

Dynein11

Neurons8

Intracellular4

Mitochondria2

Endosomal1

Subunits2

Endosomes2

Axon3

Interacts1

Protein2

Neurodegenerative3

Kinase3

Clathrin1

Microtubules1

Retrograde transport1

Cargo2

Bound1

Vesicles1

Autophagosome1

Cargoes1

Sites1

Suggests1

Dendrites1

Found1

Fast axonal transport4

Synaptic1

Mitochondrial transport1

KIF51

Axons7

Tubulin and neurofilament1

Inhibit1

Soluble protein2

Degradation1

Contributes1

Microtubule1

Neuronal2

Proteins3

Attachment1

Contrast1

Promotes1

Cytoskeletal1

Distinct1

Role1

Activity1

Rate1

Essential2

Direction1