Scholars@Duke publication: Kindled seizure-induced reduction of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in rat hippocampal formation: evidence for localization to dentate granule cells. (duke.edu)
Expression of Cln8 mRNA in the central nervous system (CNS) was also analyzed in the hippocampal electrical kindling model of epilepsy, in which Cln8 expression was rapidly up-regulated in hippocampal pyramidal and granular neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
The relevance of Cln8 up-regulation in hippocampal neurons of kindled mice should be further explored. (biomedcentral.com)
Neuronal1
We demonstrate that administration of DMF following status epilepticus increased Nrf2 activity, attenuated status epilepticus-induced neuronal cell death, and decreased seizure frequency and the total number of seizures compared to vehicle-treated animals. (biomedcentral.com)
Epilepsy1
Moreover, DMF treatment even when initiated well after the diagnosis of epilepsy, reduced symptomatic seizures long after the drug was eliminated from the body. (biomedcentral.com)
adjunctive therapy for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures and partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization in patients aged 13 years and older. (nih.gov)
Conversion to monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures who are receiving treatment with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, or valproate as the single antiepileptic drug. (nih.gov)
conversion to monotherapy in patients aged 13 years and older with partial-onset seizures who are receiving treatment with a single antiepileptic drug. (nih.gov)
Maximal electroshock2
ED(50) values are compared to those obtained in the hippocampal kindled rat, the mouse maximal electroshock (MES) model, the 6Hz partial psychomotor seizure model, and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ) test. (nih.gov)
Levetiracetam was devoid of anticonvulsant activity in the acute maximal electroshock seizure test and in the maximal pentylenetetrazol seizure test in mice (up to 540 mg/kg, i.p.) but exhibited potent protection against generalised epileptic seizures in electrically and pentylenetetrazol-kindled mice (ED50 values = 7 and 36 mg/kg, respectively, i.p. (nih.gov)
Secondarily2
Chronic electrical stimulation via corneal electrodes can rapidly yield large numbers of kindled mice with a seizure phenotype reflective of secondarily generalized partial seizures. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, levetiracetam was devoid of anticonvulsant activity in several maximal chemoconvulsive seizure tests although an interesting exception was the potent protection observed against secondarily generalised activity from focal seizures induced by pilocarpine in mice (ED50 value = 7 mg/kg, i.p.), pilocarpine and kainic acid in rats (minimum active dose = 17 and 54 mg/kg, respectively, i.p. (nih.gov)
Threshold2
The protection afforded by levetiracetam on the threshold for methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM)-induced seizures persisted after chronic administration (17-170 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily/14 days) and levetiracetam did not lower the seizure threshold for the proconvulsant action of the inverse benzodiazepine receptor agonist, N-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxamide (FG 7142). (nih.gov)
The results support the view that functional changes in central noradrenergic transmission are associated with the reduction in seizure threshold induced by kindling. (ox.ac.uk)
Stimulation1
To minimize handling, which may modify kindling-induced changes in binding, the kindling protocol involved stimulation of the amygdala every hour for a maximum of 26 h. (ox.ac.uk)
Models2
The results obtained in the corneal kindled mouse demonstrate a positive correlation with those attained employing established preclinical models: MES (r² = 0.9511), scPTZ (r² = 0.9697), 6Hz (r² = 0.9519), and hippocampal kindling (r² = 0.9037). (nih.gov)
This differs markedly from established and most new antiepileptic drugs which induce significant protection in both the acute seizure tests and the kindling models. (nih.gov)
Control2
The role of central noradrenergic neurons in kindled seizures was assessed by comparison of alpha 2- and beta-adrenoceptor binding in the cerebral cortex from kindled and control rats. (ox.ac.uk)
Patients should be closely monitored for seizure control after conversion. (nih.gov)
Found3
The corneal kindled mouse model has been found to be a highly sensitive and efficient screening model for antiepileptic drug (AED) discovery. (nih.gov)
Twenty-four hours after kindling, down-regulation of beta-adrenoceptors was found in both olfactory cortex and the remaining neocortex, whereas alpha 2 down-regulation was confined to the olfactory cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
At 21 days after kindling, the only change found was a down-regulation of beta-adrenoceptors in the neocortex. (ox.ac.uk)