• Identification of a cyclin-cdk2 recognition motif present in substrates and p21-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. (nature.com)
  • These developments have the potential to result in a more effective selection of kinase inhibitors and thus optimize mechanism-based patient-specific therapeutic strategies. (eur.nl)
  • Biological DMARDs include tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors, such as etanercept (Enbrel), adalimumab (Humira), infliximab (Remicade), certolizumab (Cimzia) and golimumab (Simponi). (mayoclinic.org)
  • Janus kinase inhibitors are small molecules that are taken in pill form. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Anderson, B.D. Imidazolyl benzimidazoles and imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines as potent p38α MAP kinase inhibitors with excellent in vivo antiinflammatory properties. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Key molecular determinants of this process are G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and arrestins (Chuang, 1996a). (open.ac.uk)
  • Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
  • qquad \qquad (3)\end{aligned}}} Thus (3) is a solution to the initial equilibrium problem and describes the equilibrium concentration of [Z] and [ZP] as a function of the kinetic parameters of the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reaction and the concentrations of the kinase and phosphatase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The method, named Predikin, identifies key conserved substrate-determining residues in the kinase catalytic domain that contact the substrate in the region of the phosphorylation site and so determine the sequence surrounding the phosphorylation site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Predikin now consists of two components: (i) PredikinDB, a database of phosphorylation sites that links substrates to kinase sequences and (ii) a Perl module, which provides methods to classify protein kinases, reliably identify substrate-determining residues, generate scoring matrices and score putative phosphorylation sites in query sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • New features in Predikin include the use of SQL queries to PredikinDB to generate predictions, scoring of predictions, more reliable identification of substrate-determining residues and putative phosphorylation sites, extended options to handle protein kinase and substrate data and an improved web interface. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein kinases, the enzymes responsible for protein phosphorylation, make up almost 2% of protein-encoding genes in the human genome [ 1 ] and an estimated 30-50% of human proteins are phosphorylated [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As discussed in detail below, biochemical, biophysical, structural, and cellular evidences have shown that the redox modification of the cysteine residues of AURKA affects both the phosphorylation state of Thr288 and the conformation state of structural elements critical for the kinase activity, leading to the regulation of AURKA activity. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • JASPer controls interphase histone H3S10 phosphorylation by chromosomal kinase JIL-1 in Drosophila. (opencampus.net)
  • L ike protein phosphorylation by kinases, protein ubiquitylation regulates many aspects of cell function and provides a wealth of drug target opportunities across many therapeutic areas including cancer, cardiovascular, metabolism, inflammation, neurodegeneration and infectious diseases. (ddw-online.com)
  • We showed that in a heterologous expression system recombinant hPAFR stimulated inositol phosphates production and intracellular cAMP accumulation, through the coupling with Gq/ 11 and Gs proteins, respectively. (open.ac.uk)
  • Protein kinases and their substrates regulate essentially all cellular processes through complex regulatory networks, in which phosphorylated proteins act as switches that tune the response of the cell to environmental stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The neurotrophins, including NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4/5 constitute a group of structurally related, secreted proteins that play an important role in the development and function of the nervous system. (rndsystems.com)
  • All Trk family proteins share a conserved complex subdomain organization consisting of a signal peptide, two cysteine-rich domains, a cluster of three leucine-rich motifs, and two immunoglobulin-like domains in the extracellular region, as well as an intracellular region that contains the tyrosine kinase domain. (rndsystems.com)
  • No matter what biological system you study, you rely on proteins to execute cellular functions. (merckmillipore.com)
  • We describe extensive use of histidine kinase-based two-component systems and tyrosine kinase signaling, the presence of bacterial and plant type photoreceptors (phytochromes, cryptochrome, and phototropin) and of plant-type pentatricopeptide repeat proteins, as well as metabolic pathways, and a cell cycle control system typically found in more complex eukaryotes. (duke.edu)
  • Here, we develop a biological nanopore sensor for single-molecule detection of proteins and PDIs using the pore-forming toxin YaxAB. (nature.com)
  • In this video, Prof. Erwin Schoof, Associate Professor, Cell Diversity Lab, Technical University of Denmark, explains how the Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap™ Astral™ mass spectrometer is revolutionizing single-cell proteomics, enabling the Cell Diversity Lab to characterize low abundant proteins such as transcription factors, kinases, and epigenetic regulators which were previously undetectable by mass spectrometry. (selectscience.net)
  • Our concept is to develop a new targeted therapy for the inflamed gut based on using siRNA (the next generation of biological drugs after antibodies) to target and inhibit expression of proteins involved in inflammation cascades (janus kinases) and on a delivery system capable of supplying these nucleic acids to the immune cells at the colon level. (cea.fr)
  • The protein kinase family is one of the largest families of proteins in eukaryotes, classified in 8 major groups based on sequence comparison of their tyrosine ,PTK) or serine/threonine ,STK) kinase catalytic domains. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Temperature has a direct effect on fundamental biological systems, including enzyme activity and correct folding of proteins. (springer.com)
  • Protein performs its biological functions by interacting with other proteins. (lu.se)
  • Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
  • Pharmacological or biological inhibition of such pathways holds significant promise with respect to devising rational therapy for cancer. (eur.nl)
  • Associations were observed between patient survival from OVCA and expression of the following pathways: Development/angiotensin signaling via β-arrestin (P=0.04), protein folding and maturation/angiotensin system maturation (P=0.02), signal transduction/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway (P=0.03) and androstenedione and testosterone biosynthesis and metabolism (P=0.02). (nih.gov)
  • The pheromone signalling pathway of baker's yeast belongs to a class of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signalling pathways, which in eukaryotes commonly play a key role in the transmission and translation of extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses such as cell differentiation, proliferation or stress responses. (mpg.de)
  • Pretreatment with the rho kinase inhibitor, fasudil, was able to prevent brain fluorescein uptake and neuroinflammation. (cdc.gov)
  • SMA-RL71 was extremely steady and experienced a diameter of 181.6 nm in buffer and 275.1 nm in serum as measured by dynamic light scattering and a near neutral charge of ?0.0432 mV.30 We first examined the tissue distribution pattern LGK-974 kinase inhibitor of SMA-RL71 and compared it to free RL71. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Open up in another screen LGK-974 kinase inhibitor Amount 1 Medication deposition in tissue following treatment with SMA-RL71 and RL71. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Records: Tumor-bearing mice had been treated with (A) an individual iv dosage of 10 mg/kg of either RL71 or SMA-RL71 and euthanized 6 h afterwards or (B) intravenously implemented 10 mg/kg of RL71 or SMA-RL71 LGK-974 kinase inhibitor on times 4, 7, 11, and 14 and euthanized 3 times afterwards. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • The new features significantly enhance the ability of Predikin to analyse protein kinases and their substrates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In general, a protein kinase acts on a discrete set of substrates to ensure that signalling fidelity is maintained. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The prediction of peptide specificity is therefore the basis for most of the available computational methods aimed at predicting substrates of protein kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specifically, the presence of tyrosine kinases in Acanthamoeba and Physarum as representatives of two distantly related subdivisions of Amoebozoa argues against the later emergence of tyrosine kinase signaling in the opisthokont lineage and also against the acquisition by horizontal gene transfer. (duke.edu)
  • Epidermal Growth factor receptor ,EGFR) is the prototype member of the type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Esketamine activated the mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K) signaling pathway in propofol-administrated rats. (degruyter.com)
  • The association pathway from monomer to oligomer is critical in a range of biological processes and thus it is of a vital importance to elucidate both atomic-resolution structures of intermediates along the pathway as well as the structure of the final state. (lu.se)
  • 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Program in Biological Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94143-2240, USA. (nih.gov)
  • The World Health Organization classification system for tumors of the soft tissue and bone incorporates detailed cytogenetic and molecular data into the classifications. (medscape.com)
  • In this talk, we will present some of our most recent work on deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying various biological systems including signal transduction in receptor-kinase complexes and the circadian clock in Cyanobacteria [2] by combining experimental data (structural as well as functional data) and theoretical approach based on nonequilibrium statistical physics. (simonsfoundation.org)
  • Therapeutic molecules will be specific siRNAs allowing a specific, sensitive inhibition of new molecular targets (targeted medicine) and thesenovel bio-therapeutics vulnerable to enzymatic degradation in biological environment will be delivered to the inflamed gut through smartly designed lipid nanoparticles offering protection and transport across biological barriers (barriers). (cea.fr)
  • Consequently, small-molecule drug discovery usually involves an iterative process of molecular design, chemical synthesis, biological assay and data analysis feeding directly into the next cycle, but this process always needs a chemical starting point. (ddw-online.com)
  • A colorectal cancer model was used to decipher the molecular mechanism of BF-rTK + GCV (bifidobacterial recombination thymidine kinase/ganciclovir) using a human apoptosis antibody array kit in a murine cancer model in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • We mostly used molecular mechanics (MM) in order to model the protein-ligand interactions, which is more approximate than quantum-mechanical (QM) methods, but necessary to reduce the computational cost when doing calculations on protein-ligand systems, which often contain tens of thousand of atoms. (lu.se)
  • Crystal structures of protein kinases with bound substrate peptides show that substrate residues at positions -3 to +3 relative to the phosphorylated serine, threonine or tyrosine residue adopt an extended conformation and bind to a pocket in the catalytic domain of the protein kinase [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) / SHAGGY kinase (SGG) are multifunctional non receptor serine/threonine kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aurora kinase A (AURKA), which is a member of serine/threonine kinase family, plays a critical role in regulating mitosis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Defects in these networks result in a variety of disease states making protein kinases important targets for drug design [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present review we provide a comprehensive overview of these techniques and discuss their advantages and disadvantages for systems biology approaches to identify kinase targets in oncological disease. (eur.nl)
  • P rotein kinases, on the other hand, have become one of the most important classes of drug targets for the pharmaceutical industry over the last decade, following on from the exploitation of kinase-focused libraries for at least the last two decades. (ddw-online.com)
  • However, over the same period protein kinases have rapidly become one of the most significant classes of drug targets for the pharmaceutical industry, with the global market for kinase therapies being about US$15 billion per annum in 2010 and this value is predicted to double by 2020 (3). (ddw-online.com)
  • Target-focused compound libraries have been a key enabling component of the tool kit opening up kinase drug discovery, consisting of collections of compounds designed to interact with a family of related kinase targets (4). (ddw-online.com)
  • These methods may also incorporate simple calculated properties, for example the so-called 'Rule of 5' (5) to ensure libraries stay within sufficiently druglike areas of chemical space as well as existing structure activity relationship data describing the interaction of the chemical matter with the principle biological target, as well as related targets. (ddw-online.com)
  • The Cell Diversity Lab at the Technical University of Denmark is utilizing mass spectrometry-based proteomics to unravel fundamental biological concepts controlling heterogeneity within complex biological systems. (selectscience.net)
  • Natural splice variants of the different Trks, including TrkB variants lacking the first cysteine-rich domain, the first and second or all three of the leucine-rich motifs, or the tyrosine kinase domain, have been described. (rndsystems.com)
  • TrkB is primarily expressed in the nervous system. (rndsystems.com)
  • However, low levels of TrkB expression have also been observed in a wide variety of tissues (pancreas, kidneys, ovary) outside the nervous system. (rndsystems.com)
  • It has previously been demonstrated that phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K)/Akt and cleaved caspase‑3 serve critical roles in the apoptosis of cardiac myocytes following ischemia/reperfusion injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The FNCLCC is based on tumor differentiation, tumor necrosis, and mitotic activity, while the NCI system bases the evaluation on histology, location, and tumor necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • Our lab is interested in the systems biology and evolution of epigenetic switches (bistability) and clocks (oscillators) in gene regulatory networks, two functions that are essential for patterning, cell proliferation, and differentiation in biological systems. (duke.edu)
  • By this basic mechanism, protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Specify the components and their interactions and set up cluding proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic the system of equations. (lu.se)
  • How a particular protein kinase recognises its substrate protein(s) is therefore a key question. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two major factors determine the formation of a protein kinase-substrate complex [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first, termed substrate recruitment, encompasses any process that increases the effective concentration of the protein kinase substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent advances in the development and application of array-based peptide-substrate kinase activity screens show great promise in overcoming the discrepancy between the evaluation of aberrant cell signaling in specific malignancies or even individual patients and the currently available ensemble of highly specific targeted treatment strategies. (eur.nl)
  • Protein kinases are enzymes that transfer a phosphate group from a phosphate donor onto an acceptor amino acid in a substrate protein. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • Fisher, D. L. & Nurse, P. A single fission yeast mitotic cyclin B p34 cdc2 kinase promotes both S-phase and mitosis in the absence of G1 cyclins. (nature.com)
  • the corresponding kinase Y and phosphatase X interconvert the two forms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the role of modular protein-protein interaction domains in kinase and phosphatase signaling has been well characterized, it is becoming clear that many kinases and phosphatases utilize docking interactions - recognition of a short peptide motif in target partners by a groove on the catalytic domain that is separate from the active site. (nih.gov)
  • It was reported that SM could form cluster in outer leaflet of the membrane, where juxtapose inner leaflet region could recruit phosphatidylinositol-5-kinase to form PIP 2 . (sphingolipidclub.com)
  • Infiltration versus metastasis is one of the most characteristic biological properties of tumors [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They normally respond by triggering mechanisms that stimulate growth and repair, including the MAP-kinase cascades, which amplify the signal. (stopumts.nl)
  • Zoltan Szallasi, Jörg Stelling, Vipul Periwal: System Modeling in Cellular Biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Perelman School of Medicine (PSOM) has announced the establishment of the Penn Institute for Structural Biology (ISB) , which will be led by Dr. Vera Moiseenkova-Bell , Professor in the Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Secondary faculty in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. (upenn.edu)
  • Recent emergence of systems biology has brought biological networks into focus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With increasing interests in systems biology, tools specialized for analysis of complex metabolic networks (represented in information rich graph formats like SBML) has also been developed [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1974. Biological handbooks: Biology data book. (cdc.gov)
  • In vitro kinase assays showed that TaSK1 and TaSK2 possessed kinase activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, technical concepts pursuing robust characterization of kinase activity in tissue samples from cancer patients have been subject of investigation. (eur.nl)
  • In addition, it is also known that the biological behavior of EGCG may be influenced by metal ions, for example the hepatoprotective activity of EGCG has been reported to be enhanced by zinc. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Green tea, a beverage consumed worldwide, has been suggested to possess significant health-promoting effects, while polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the predominant catechin from tea, has been reported to exert a variety of beneficial cardiovascular effects by influencing the activity of receptor and signal transduction kinases ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 6 ) suggest that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) regulates PAI-1, uPA, and tPA in biphasic patterns in HMC, and the up regulation of PAI-1, uPA, and tPA after long-term LDL exposure seems to be mediated by a delayed protein kinase C (PKC) activation associated with an increased PA inhibitory activity. (ispub.com)
  • These results suggest that IL-6 stimulated PA activity through an enhancement of tPA gene expression and may be involved in extracellular matrix degradation through the stimulation of the PA-plasmin system of human dental pulp (HDP) cells ( 7 ). (ispub.com)
  • Pesenti, E. Purine and 1-deazapurine ribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides: Synthesis and biological activity. (eurekaselect.com)
  • So far, several lines of evidence have shown that H 2 O 2 -induced regulation of the AURKA activity, possibly through direct oxidation of Cys290 present in the activation segment of the kinase domain. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • As the spindle formation is the process that is mainly governed by the kinase activity of AURKA, these observations led to the hypothesis that H 2 O 2 regulates the activity of AURKA [ 27 ] [ 28 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Given the lack of effective treatments, we constructed a bifidobacterial recombinant thymidine kinase (BF-rTK) -ganciclovir (GCV) targeting system (BKV) to meet this requirement and to explore antitumor mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this system, the interconversion between these two states is performed by two enzymes with opposing effect. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this article, we propose that chemical libraries which target the ubiquitin system are the missing keys to unlock the therapeutic potential of ubiquitin system drug discovery. (ddw-online.com)
  • Cancer gene therapy approaches include the direct killing of tumor cells by injecting a therapeutic gene into the tumor cell or employing vaccine strategies to deliver an immunomodulatory gene that stimulates the immune system to recognize tumor antigens [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2016). In addition, Vihinen has introduced widely followed guidelines, recommendations and policies, he has founded a new sub-discipline of immunome, and introduced systematics to biological prediction methods and their assessment. (lu.se)
  • Current studies are devoted into analysis of variations and their effects, including prediction method development, and systems biological studies. (lu.se)
  • We also ran QM/MM simulations on casein-kinase 2 (CK2), where the ligand and a few surrounding residues were treated at the QM level, and the rest of the system at the MM level. (lu.se)
  • Conventional and biological therapies using anti-inflammatory drugs and/or specific antibodies targeting TNF still leave a significant number of IBD patients insufficiently treated. (cea.fr)
  • This analysis discriminates between different biological mechanisms to achieve a transient signal from a sustained TGF-b input, where one mechanism is to use a negative feedback to turn the signal off. (lu.se)
  • [ 3 ] and the National Cancer Institute system are most commonly used for grading STS. (medscape.com)
  • Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a relatively common malignancy of the digestive system and one of the human malignancies with the worst prognosis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The production of cortisol weakens the immune system and could make people living near base stations more susceptible to disease and cancer. (stopumts.nl)
  • Moreover, during this infection, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress, generating free radicals, is recognized to cause damage in cells and immune system of patients. (scialert.net)
  • Research on protein kinases is now reported to account for approximately 30% of the drug discovery programmes in the pharmaceutical industry and more than 50% of cancer research and development (3). (ddw-online.com)
  • Meanwhile, three human digestive system xenograft tumor models (colorectal cancer colo320, gastric cancer MKN-45 and liver cancer SSMC-7721) and a breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) model were employed to validate the universality of BF-rTK + GCV in solid tumor gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Survival analysis results of multiple cancer models confirmed that BF-rTK + GCV system has a wide field of application in solid tumor gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusions: High PDGFRα and PDGF-CC expression were linked to breast cancer with an aggressive biological phenotype, e.g. the TNBC subtype, and high PDGF-CC increased the risk of 5-year distant recurrence. (lu.se)
  • Consequently, bacteria have developed different systems to sense changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and induce an adaptation of metabolism and gene expression. (springer.com)
  • This battery of measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain liver, heart, and kidney diseases, acid-base imbalance in the respiratory and metabolic systems, other diseases involving lipid metabolism and various endocrine disorders as well as other metabolic or nutritional disorders. (cdc.gov)
  • In Drosophila , a pool of SGG isoenzymes encoded by a single gene is necessary to establish cell fate and polarity within embryonic segments [ 8 ] as well as for development of the nervous system [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These target the signals between the cells of the immune system involved in pain and swelling, known as inflammation. (mayoclinic.org)
  • The plasminogen activator (PA)-plasmin proteolytic system has recently received considerable attention because of its participation in a wide variety of biological activities and in pathological conditions involving tissue destruction. (ispub.com)
  • Protein-based thermosensors are a very diverse group including transcriptional regulators, sensor kinases, chaperones or proteases (reviewed in Klinkert and Narberhaus 2009 ). (springer.com)
  • In other words, why didn't yeast naturally optimize the system this way? (mpg.de)
  • Our work suggests that cost-benefit trade-off in information transfer must have been important in the evolution of cellular signalling systems. (mpg.de)
  • The Par network system is conserved for cellular polarization. (elifesciences.org)
  • This can perform volume imaging on cryogenic samples using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) module without the need for extraneous contrast enhancing reagents, thus preserving the native cellular architecture for biological samples. (upenn.edu)
  • The Herpes Simplex Virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK + GCV) system is currently one of the best-studied tumor suicide gene therapy systems [ 9 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell-cycle events are controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), whose periodic activation is driven by cyclins. (nature.com)
  • In biological systems, random fluctuations of signals always lead to background noise, which can impede cell communication. (mpg.de)
  • Thus, this reconstruction system provides an experimental paradigm to study features of the assembly process and structure of Par-dependent cell-autonomous polarity. (elifesciences.org)
  • To understand the general and dynamic characteristics of the cell polarization process induced by the Par-complex, we attempted to reconstruct Par-complex-dependent cell polarization system in a cell-autonomous manner using non-polar cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • S1P is generated intracellularly by two sphingosine kinases (SphK1, SphK2) and is exported out of cells by Spinster 2 (Spns2) to exert its effects through activation of five specific cell surface S1PRs in autocrine or paracrine manners. (sphingolipidclub.com)
  • According to Gupta and Sharma (2010) , renewed interest in traditional pharmacopoeias has meant that researchers are concerned both with biological activities and phytocompounds of medicinal plants. (scialert.net)
  • Although the widespread use of target-focused libraries has led to the rapid expansion of novel chemistry as research tools in drug discovery to exploit many classes of drug target, the ubiquitin system still remains a largely untapped medicinal chemistry opportunity. (ddw-online.com)
  • Studies are continuing on sub-Saharan Erythrina for identifying new biological activities or bioactive molecules. (scialert.net)
  • The biological activities of the neurotrophins are mediated by binding to the different members of the Trk family tyrosine kinase receptors. (rndsystems.com)
  • In the past 15 years, our research focus has been on developing a theoretical framework for these highly nonequilibrium systems in active matter, living cells, and artificial neural networks to understand dynamics and functions of these complex systems. (simonsfoundation.org)
  • The systems tend to have many para- about its dynamics and function. (lu.se)
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a major ROS member that can act as a signaling molecule in many biological systems [ 16 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Identification and interpretation of these variations are therefore crucial in understanding the respective biological system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Is novel chemistry the final frontier for ubiquitin system drug discovery? (ddw-online.com)
  • Leakage of the cells of the peripheral nervous system in adults makes them send false signals to the brain, which results in the symptoms of electromagnetic intolerance (aka electromagnetic hypersensitivity). (stopumts.nl)