• Here we report that extinction is triggered by two hippocampal signaling pathways underlying retrieval (the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways) and two other mechanisms that become activated at the same time and are not necessary for retrieval (N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamatergic receptors and the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signaling pathway). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
  • A subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases that activate TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 via the phosphorylation of C-JUN PROTEINS. (rush.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases" by people in this website by year, and whether "JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases" by people in Profiles. (rush.edu)
  • Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases and Mcl-1 in apoptosis induction by withaferin A in human breast cancer cells. (rush.edu)
  • Believed to target protein phosphatase 1/PP1 to dendritic spines, which are rich in F-actin, and regulates its specificity toward ion channels and other substrates, such as AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. (string-db.org)
  • CaMKII regulates the depalmitoylation and synaptic removal of the scaffold protein AKAP79/150 to mediate structural long-term depression. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Keith DJ, Sanderson JL, Gibson ES, Woolfrey KM, Robertson HR, Olszewski K, Kang R, El-Husseini A, Dell'acqua ML. Palmitoylation of A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 regulates dendritic endosomal targeting and synaptic plasticity mechanisms. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK4 signaling cascade and regulates, mainly by phosphorylation, the activity of several transcription activators, such as CREB1, MEF2D, JUN and RORA, which play pivotal roles in immune response, inflammation, and memory consolidation. (string-db.org)
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK1 signaling cascade and, upon calcium influx, activates CREB-dependent gene transcription, regulates calcium- mediated granulocyte function and respiratory burst and promotes basal dendritic growth of hippocampal neurons. (string-db.org)
  • Targeting a pathway that plays a major role in both hepatic glucose production and insulin sensitivity may eventually help treat type 2 diabetes, researchers reported. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Thus this single pathway targets "two cardinal features of type 2 diabetes -- hyperglycemia and defective insulin signaling," the researchers wrote. (medpagetoday.com)
  • When we realized we had one common pathway that was responsible for these two disparate processes that, in essence, comprise all of type 2 diabetes, we though it would be an ideal target for new drug therapy," Tabas told MedPage Today . (medpagetoday.com)
  • Instead, inhibiting the CaMKII pathway suppressed levels of the pseudo-kinase TRB3, which likely occurred because of suppression of ATF4 -- all of which led to an increase in Akt-phosphorylation and insulin sensitivity. (medpagetoday.com)
  • May in that way participate in a signaling pathway that is crucial for neuronal interaction before and during migration, possibly as part of a calcium ion-dependent signal transduction pathway. (string-db.org)
  • As a result, there "appear to be two separate CaMKII pathways, one involved in CaMKII-p38-FoxO1 dependent hepatic glucose production, and the other involved in defective insulin-induced p-Akt," they wrote. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Seems to act as a scaffold protein in multiple signaling pathways. (string-db.org)
  • p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase stabilizes mRNAs that contain cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor AU-rich elements by inhibiting deadenylation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • p38 MAPK activation inhibited the deadenylation of reporter mRNAs containing either the cyclooxygenase-2 or tumor necrosis factor AREs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • mTOR-dependent synapse formation underlies the rapid antidepressant effects of NMDA antagonists. (nature.com)
  • Orthologous to human MAPKAPK2 (MAPK activated protein kinase 2). (nih.gov)
  • Proinflammatory Effect of Endothelial Microparticles Is Mitochondria Mediated and Modulated Through MAPKAPK2 (MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase 2) Leading to Attenuation of Cardiac Hypertrophy. (nih.gov)
  • The improvements also occurred when they knocked out downstream processes, including p38 and MAPK-activating protein kinase 2 (MK2). (medpagetoday.com)
  • We measured on Northern gels the migration of reporter mRNAs isolated from cells transfected only with reporter plasmid or co-transfected with an active mutant of MAPK kinase-6, and treated either with or without the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 203580. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We hypothesized that an imbalance of Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation may be involved in delayed neuronal death after ischemia. (nih.gov)
  • This calcium saturation activates the kinase and allows it to undergo a conformational change which permits the kinase to bind to its phosphorylation target sites. (wikipedia.org)
  • These groups allow for the CaM-dependent phosphorylation of targets, but also allows the structure to autophosphorylate itself and become CaM-independent, as seen in Figure 1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specifically, knocking out eEF2K in mice eliminated phosphorylation of eEF2 at threonine at position 56, resulting in increased protein synthesis, and made mice resistant both biochemically and behaviorally to the antidepressant effects of ketamine. (haifa.ac.il)
  • In the current study, they found CaMKII inhibition suppresses levels of the pseudo-kinase TRB3 to improve Akt-phosphorylation, thereby improving insulin sensitivity. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Here we show that methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) phosphorylation at Ser421 (pMeCP2) is essential for the sustained, but not the rapid, antidepressant effects of ketamine and scopolamine in mice. (nature.com)
  • Members of the CAMK enzyme class include, but are not limited to: CAMKI CAMKIα (CAMK1) CAMKIβ (PNCK) CAMKIδ CAMKIγ (CAMK1G) CAMKII CAMKIIα CAMKIIβ CAMKIIδ CAMKIIγ CAMKIII CAMKIV CAMKV CaM kinase like vesicle associated SCAMK Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase CAMKK1 CAMKK2 Pseudokinases are pseudoenzymes, proteins that resemble enzymes structurally, but lack catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methods: To unravel the mechanism of action of ketamine, we treated wild-type C57BL/6 mice with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) specific inhibitor tatCN21 peptide. (haifa.ac.il)
  • The inhibition phase of CaMKII, which lasted 10 to 20 minutes after administration of ketamine, occurred concurrently with eEF2K-dependent increased protein synthesis. (haifa.ac.il)
  • Moreover, ketamine administration-dependent delayed induction of GluA1 (24 hours) was regulated by the activation of CaMKII. (haifa.ac.il)
  • Importantly, systemic administration of the CaMKII inhibitor tatCN21 increased global protein synthesis and induced behavioral resistance to ketamine. (haifa.ac.il)
  • In a series of experiments in mice, researchers found that inhibition of the kinase CaMKII -- or even some of its downstream components -- lowered blood glucose and insulin levels, Ira Tabas, MD, PhD , of Columbia University Medical Center in New York City, and colleagues reported online in Cell Metabolism . (medpagetoday.com)
  • CAMKs are activated by increases in the concentration of intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) and calmodulin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Ca 2+ signal is characterized by a rapid increase in the concentration of free cytosolic calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) attributable to the opening of calcium channels located in the plasma membrane and in the membranes of intracellular calcium stores. (jneurosci.org)
  • Fig. 4: BDNF-dependent pMeCP2 mediates the sustained antidepressant response of scopolamine. (nature.com)
  • We also used eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) (also known as CaMKIII) knockout mice. (haifa.ac.il)
  • Chelating intracellular Ca(2+) or abrogating CaMKK-beta function by gene silencing or chemical inhibition prevented the CO(2)-induced AMPK activation in AECs. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Inhibition or downregulation of AMPK via adenoviral delivery of dominant-negative AMPK-alpha(1) prevented CO(2)-induced Na,K-ATPase endocytosis. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Beurel, E., Song, L. & Jope, R. S. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 is necessary for the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine in mice. (nature.com)
  • Microtubule-associated protein required for initial steps of neuronal dispersion and cortex lamination during cerebral cortex development. (string-db.org)
  • May act by competing with the putative neuronal protein kinase DCLK1 in binding to a target protein. (string-db.org)
  • Conclusions: Our data suggest that drugs that selectively target CaMKs and regulate protein synthesis offer novel strategies for treatment of major depressive disorder. (haifa.ac.il)
  • Multi-functional CAM Kinases have multiple targets they can phosphorylate and are found in processes including the secretion of neurotransmitters, metabolism of glycogen, and the regulation of various transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation of AMPK was mediated by a CO(2)-triggered increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK-beta). (ilh-giessen.de)
  • We studied the mechanisms regulating CO(2)-induced Na,K-ATPase endocytosis in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and alveolar epithelial dysfunction in rats. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Fig. 1: BDNF-dependent pMeCP2 is essential for sustained antidepressant response of ketamine. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 2: CREB and MEF2C are not involved in the sustained effects of ketamine. (nature.com)
  • CAMK, also written as CaMK or CCaMK, is an abbreviation for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase class of enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immunohistochemical and biochemical investigations of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(CaM kinase II) and protein phosphatase (calcineurin) after transient forebrain ischemia demonstrated that the activity of CaM kinase II was decreased in the CA1 region of the hippocampus early (6-12 hours) after ischemia. (nih.gov)
  • A multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that occurs as an oligomeric protein comprised of twelve subunits. (curehunter.com)
  • Hypercapnia (elevated CO(2) levels) occurs as a consequence of poor alveolar ventilation and impairs alveolar fluid reabsorption (AFR) by promoting Na,K-ATPase endocytosis. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • The CAM Kinase contains a highly concentrated glycine loop where the gamma phosphate from the donor ATP molecule is easily able to bind to the enzyme which then utilizes the metal ion to facilitate a smooth phosphate transfer to the target protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sequential and gamma-secretase-dependent processing of the betacellulin precursor generates a palmitoylated intracellular-domain fragment that inhibits cell growth. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological studies in rat focal ischemia models using transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion indicate that reperfusion after an ischemic episode of 2- to 3-hour duration does not result in reduction of the size of the infarct. (nih.gov)
  • During the last decade, welcome novel classes of antidiabetic drugs have arrived, which have provided remarkable cardiorenal benefits for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, revolutionizing its therapeutic approach. (mdpi.com)
  • Accordingly, we provide evidence that elevated CO(2) levels are sensed by AECs and that AMPK mediates CO(2)-induced Na,K-ATPase endocytosis and alveolar epithelial dysfunction, which can be prevented with beta-adrenergic agonists and cAMP. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Elevated CO(2) levels caused a rapid activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in AECs, a key regulator of metabolic homeostasis. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • It is clear that type 2 diabetes mellitus constitutes the metabolic pandemic of the 21st century, with pessimistic projections regarding its prevalence. (mdpi.com)
  • There are 2 common types of CAM Kinase proteins: specialized and multi-functional CAM kinases. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the autoinhibitory domain to become functional, it must cause the protein to conform in such a way that this domain completely blocks the substrate domain from taking in new targets. (wikipedia.org)
  • The functional properties and localization of the channels as well as the pumps, exchangers, and buffers are thought to play a crucial role in generating a range of calcium signals that vary from a brief local increase to repetitive calcium spikes and waves spreading over a larger region. (jneurosci.org)
  • It differs from other enzyme subtypes in that it lacks a phosphorylatable activation domain that can respond to CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE. (curehunter.com)
  • Figure 1 shows how the presence of calcium or calmodulin allows for the activation of CAM kinases (CAMK II). (wikipedia.org)
  • Yan J, Kong W, Zhang Q, Beyer EC, Walcott G, Fast VG, Ai X. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation contributes to reduced connexin43 and development of atrial arrhythmias. (rush.edu)
  • Lead absorption is dependent on several factors, including the physical form of lead, the particle size ingested, the GI transit time, and the nutritional status of the person ingesting. (medscape.com)
  • Substrate-based kinase activity inference identifies MK2 as driver of colitis. (nih.gov)
  • The findings suggest the possibility of a drug that can target both hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, they said. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Substrate-specific CAM Kinases only have one target that they can phosphorylate, such as myosin light chain kinases. (wikipedia.org)