Karyotypes paint probes paint your chromosomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. (nih.gov)
This review is about "molecular cytogenetics" including 1) the historical perspective of its development from cytogenetics, 2) technical aspects, 3) available probe sets, and 4) variants and applications of the basic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach. (frontiersin.org)
Combinatorial chromosome painting techniques such as multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) or Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) follow basic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedures but use combinations of fluorochromes to label probes to specific chromosomes in such a way that each chromosome is painted with a unique signal. (utmb.edu)
To unravel this contention, we examined homologous pairing in pre-meiotic and meiotic Mus musculus cells using a threedimensional fuorescence in situ hybridization-based protocol, which enables the analysis of the entire karyotype using DNA painting probes. (uab.es)
Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Chromosome Painting: Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Nesthor Perez 2.3 Mechanisms of Structural Variation Cytogenetic Techniques: Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH): Nesthor Perez (FISH) Nesthor Perez Outline 1. (studylib.net)
Initially to gain experience with non-isotopic in situ hybridization, repetitive target probes DYS59 (GMY10) and DYS58 (GMGY7) were used. (gla.ac.uk)
The probes have been used for molecular hybridizations (fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH) in clinical cytogenetics, Y chromosome mapping, sequencing, gene discovery, and comparative Y chromosome studies between the horse and other equids/ Perssodactyls. (veteriankey.com)
de Sario A., Vagnarelli P., De Carli L., Aneuploidy assay on diethylstilbestrol by means of in situ hybridization of radioactive and biotinylated DNA probes on interphase nuclei, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
Pinkel D., Detection of aneuploidy and aneuploidy-inducing agents in human lymphocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome specific DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
Eastmond D.A., Rupa D.S., Hasegawa L.S., Detection of hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human lymphocytes following exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
Pathak R, Koturbash I, Hauer-Jensen M. Detection of Inter-chromosomal Stable Aberrations by Multiple Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (mFISH) and Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) in Irradiated Mice. (uams.edu)
Chorus2: design of genome‐scale oligonucleotide‐based probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization. (zhangtaolab.org)
Use of cross-species in situ hybridization (ZOO-FISH) to assess chromosome abnormalities in day 6 in vivo or in vitro produced sheep embryos. (unina.it)
Our first aim is to develop cytogenetic analysis using conventional staining, banding patterns and fluorescence 'in situ' hybridization (FISH) with specific probes o Brazilian rodents. (fapesp.br)

Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. (nih.gov)
Hybridization of various chicken probes to two different chromosomes or to only the short or long chromosome arm of one chromosome pair in the species representing the orders Passeriformes, Strigiformes, and Columbiformes revealed translocations and chromosome fissions during species radiation. (kent.ac.uk)
The overall aim of this project was to develop the technique of chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization using whole chromosome specific libraries (chromosome painting) and to apply it to the investigation of diagnostic problems in clinical cytogenetics. (gla.ac.uk)
This provided experience in labelling of probe with biotin, hybridization and detection conditions (alkaline phosphatase detection) and analysis of results. (gla.ac.uk)
The maximum final concentration of the DNA mixture per slide was 10ug/10ul and increasing the ratio of the probe and/or the unlabelled DNA did not improve either the quality of suppression or the hybridization signal. (gla.ac.uk)
Hybridization when carried out at 37C for 15 to 20 hours showed good hybridization with chromosome morphology undisturbed. (gla.ac.uk)
Prebanding of slides prior to hybridization did not affect the target chromosomes, however, incomplete destaining did hinder probe penetration and interfere with counterstaining. (gla.ac.uk)
In general, the technical difficulties were related to either probe preparation, poor hybridization, non-homogeneous painting or high background but with modifications of the parameters as detailed above the method was shown to be reliable and reproducible. (gla.ac.uk)
Upon hybridization, this produces a multicolored, or painted, effect with a unique color at each site of hybridization. (uams.edu)
This technique may also be used to identify cross-species homology by labeling probes from one species for hybridization with chromosomes from another species. (uams.edu)
Premature chromosome condensation in human resting peripheral blood lymphocytes without mitogen stimulation for chromosome aberration analysis using specific whole chromosome DNA hybridization probes. (uams.edu)
As a result the two subtelomeric ends became the middle of chromosome 2, which is why we get hybridization of the probe there. (washington.edu)

The taxa are differentiated by the B chromosomes found in C. pygargus, populations of this species gain more of these strange 'junk' chromosomes as one moves further east. (wikipedia.org)
Probes were used from two gibbon species (Hylobates concolor and H. syndactylus) which both showed highly rearranged karyotypes. (nih.gov)
Fluorescence-labeled DNA probes constructed from three whole house mouse (Mus domesticus) chromosomes were hybridized to metaphase spreads from deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) to identify homologies between the species. (tamu.edu)
In some vole species, a bulk of constitutive heterochromatin is coupled to both sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Human chromosome-specific probes for the entire karyotype were hybridized to metaphase spreads of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, to directly compare the evolutionary conservation of chromosomal segments between these two distantly related species. (tamu.edu)
The investigated species present a stable chromosome number (2n = 22), but differ in their karyotype formulae, suggesting the presence of chromosome rearrangements. (bvsalud.org)
In this work, we comparatively analysed the karyotypes of six species (Macroptilium atropurpureum, Macroptilium bracteatum, Macroptilium erythroloma, Macroptilium gracile, Macroptilium lathyroides, and Macroptilium martii) from the two main clades that form the genus. (bvsalud.org)
Single copy bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) previously mapped in the related genera Phaseolus L. and Vigna Savi were used to establish chromosome orthologies and to investigate possible rearrangements among species. (bvsalud.org)
Although karyotypes were similar, species could be differentiated mainly by the number and position of the 5S and 35S rDNA sites. (bvsalud.org)
The karyotypes of the six species could be differentiated, shedding light on its karyotype evolution. (bvsalud.org)
We also used oligo-FISH probes of two P. vulgaris chromosomes to paint the orthologous chromosomes of two non-sequenced Phaseolinae species. (bvsalud.org)
The FISH barcode system emerges as an effective tool to understand the chromosome evolution of economically important legumes and their related species. (bvsalud.org)
Current status on plant cytogenetic and cytogenomic research has allowed the selection and design of oligo-specific probes to individually identify each chromosome of the karyotype in a target species. (bvsalud.org)
and chromosomes 2 and 3) between both species. (bvsalud.org)
Kingfishers comprise about 115 species of the family Alcedinidae , and are an interesting group for cytogenetic studies, for they are among birds with most heterogeneous karyotypes. (pensoft.net)
Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the karyotype structure of the Ringed Kingfisher ( Megaceryle torquata Linnaeus, 1766) and Green Kingfisher ( Chloroceryle americana Gmelin, 1788) and also compare them with related species in order to identify chromosomal rearrangements. (pensoft.net)
It is a member of a genus with fewer than 20 species, which have different genome sizes, basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. (aber.ac.uk)
A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
In addition, chromosomes with a high number of linked genes that are conserved, even in distant species, were detected. (metasystems-international.com)
This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
Striking homologies in the chromosomes of the different species were noted, indicating a high degree of evolutionary conservation in avian karyotypes. (kent.ac.uk)
In two species, the quail and the goose, all chicken paints specifically labeled their corresponding chromosomes. (kent.ac.uk)
In three pheasant species as well as in the American rhea and blackbird, GGA4 hybridized to chromosome 4 and additionally to a single pair of microchromosomes. (kent.ac.uk)
Phylogenomic studies using chromosome painting confirms the high conservation of DNA between even distantly related species [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In both species the actives nucleolar organizer regions were observed in the terminal position of chromosome pairs 1 and 2. (unesp.br)
The telomeric sites were located at all the chromosomes ends and at the half of X-chromosome q arm in both species. (unesp.br)
We have broad expertise in banded chromosome analysis for a wide variety of mammalian species (human, mouse, rat, cow, hamsters, dog, etc.), and our experience includes analysis of live animals and established adult and embryonic stem cell lines. (creative-bioarray.com)
Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
5. Jianying Sun†, Lixuan Yu†, Zeixi Cai†, An Zhang, Weiwei Jin, Yonghua Han*, Zongyun Li* Comparative karyotype analysis among six Ipomoea species based on two newly identified repetitive sequences 2019 Genome 2019 Feb 20. (ezreregister.com)
The described species, Deltamys kempi (DKE), has a standard karyotype using a diploid quantity of 2n = 37 of males and also 2n Is equal to 38 in ladies, a fundamental range FN Equals Thirty eight for sexes, with an By(A single)By(One particular)A(2)Times(Only two)/X(One)A(Only two)Ful making love willpower program. (torkinibinhibitor.com)
In this group of vertebrates, several new species have been described based on chromosomal characterization, since the importance of cytogenetic data is not only restricted to identifying the diploid number, morphology, structure and organization of sequences on chromosomes. (fapesp.br)
Within Akondontini tribe, only by using karyotype it is possible to distinguish some species. (fapesp.br)

Proposals based on classical cytogenetics suggested that this fact was a result of fusions of microchromosomes found in the Avian putative ancestor karyotype. (ufpa.br)
The future of molecular cytogenetics is likely to depend on a better knowledge of chromosome structure and function. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyril Darlington pioneered plant cytogenetics in 1920-30 and made important advances in our understanding of mechanisms of chiasma formation and the behavior of sex chromosomes in meiosis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the purposes of this review is to encourage research into chromosome structure as this could help advance molecular cytogenetics. (biomedcentral.com)
G-banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a visible karyotype by staining condensed chromosomes. (creative-bioarray.com)

We have used comparative genomic hybridisation to analyse 19 constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected by G band analysis, including seven deletions, five supernumerary marker chromosomes, two interstitial duplications, and five chromosomes presenting with abnormal terminal banding patterns. (bmj.com)
Bryndorf et al 2 applied CGH to the study of unbalanced karyotypes in prenatal cases, including seven cases of unbalanced structural abnormalities and four cases of simple aneuploidies. (bmj.com)
Others have applied CGH to the study of constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected postnatally. (bmj.com)
Although the structural chromosome abnormalities in these cases were too small to identify the origin of the extra genomic material based on banding pattern, none of the abnormalities described by these authors can be considered to be subtle or cryptic. (bmj.com)
Changes in the structure or quantity of chromosomes , which are strands of condensed genetic material, are known as chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities. (schleiden-eifel.de)
However, within populations there can be found abnormalities involving the structure or number of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)
for molecular chromosomal abnormalities where chromosome specific probes and paints are used to determine chromosome changes can't be identified by microscopy (high detection and clearer picture of chromosome abnormalities). (med.om)
Compared to autosomes and the X chromosome, relatively few numerical or structural cytogenetic abnormalities have been reported for ECAY. (veteriankey.com)
It is useful for the identification of structural abnormalities through the photographic representation of the entire chromosome complement. (creative-bioarray.com)
Increased frequencies of chromosome abnormalities in Mediterranean Italian buffaloes affected by limb malformation (transversal hemimelia). (unina.it)

In an organism, any visible abnormality in chromosome number or structure from the diploid set is known as chromosomal aberration . (schleiden-eifel.de)
If a normal diploid cell is 2n, the chromosome content of a double tetrasomic cell is designated. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Thus, it is possible chromosomal fissions in macrochromosomes resulted in the increase of the diploid number, whereas chromosome fusions have originated the karyotypes with low diploid number. (pensoft.net)
Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Also, the analyses indicate that chromosomal rearrangements occurred independently within the distinct lineages of S . marmoratus complex, which resulted in the appearance of distinct karyotypic variants in a non-linear fashion related to diploid numbers and in the appearance of similar non-homologous chromosomes. (scielo.br)
As an initial down payment on the promise of chromosome therapy, Project 8p will sponsor a diversified five-pronged approach in the lab of Professor Jason Sheltzer at Yale University in order to identify techniques that restore 8p disomy (i.e., a normal diploid karyotype) in the pathfinding inv/dup/del pioneer proband. (project8p.org)

The standard karyotype constitution of M. gouazoubira (2n=70 and FN=70) is similar to M. nemorivaga (2n=68 and FN=70) and the differences between them are the number of B chromosomes and the morphology of X chromosome. (unesp.br)
The 450-band resolution G- and R-banded standard karyotype of the donkey (Equus asinus, 2n = 62). (unina.it)

Comparative genomic studies have evidenced the preservation of large genomic blocks among legumes, although chromosome dynamics during Phaseoleae evolution has not been investigated. (bvsalud.org)
We conducted a comparative genomic analysis to define an informative genomic block (GB) system and to reconstruct the ancestral Phaseoleae karyotype (APK). (bvsalud.org)
Degrandi TM, de Oliveira JCP, de Araújo Soares A, Ledesma MA, Hass I, Garnero ADV, Gunski RJ (2018) Karyotype description and comparative analysis in Ringed Kingfisher and Green Kingfisher (Coraciiformes, Alcedinidae). (pensoft.net)
Reconstructing the evolution of Brachypodium genomes using comparative chromosome painting. (aber.ac.uk)
This was achieved through the use of comparative chromosome painting (CCP) which hybridises fluorescent, chromosome-specific probes derived from B. distachyon to homoeologous meiotic chromosomes of its close relatives. (aber.ac.uk)
Classical approaches involving karyotyping and FISH coupled with comparative genomics browser technology provide a straightforward solution for the many avian genomes that are assembled to the point of 100+ large scaffolds. (ukri.org)
Thus comparative analysis with chicken chromosome-specific painting probes proves to be a rapid and comprehensive approach to elucidate the chromosomal relationships of the extant birds. (kent.ac.uk)
Comparative FISH mapping of bovid X chromosomes reveals homologies and divergences between the subfamilies bovinae and caprinae. (cnr.it)
Assignment of bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM1) gene homologues to bubaline, caprine, and ovine chromosomes by comparative mapping. (unina.it)

In a Zoo-FISH study chicken autosomal chromosome paints 1 to 9 (GGA1-GGA9) were hybridized to metaphase spreads of nine diverse birds belonging to primitive and modern orders. (kent.ac.uk)

In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. (nih.gov)
These probes have been used in the analysis of various cases of constitutional chromosomal rearrangements in human pathology including complex intrachromosomal rearrangements. (nih.gov)
These are some of the most common cytogenetically visible rearrangements in humans - for example , the pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 is found in over. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Possible approaches for cytogenomic assessment of couples with balanced chromosome rearrangements and problems like reproductive failures were considered and suggested as useful part of effective genetic counseling. (metasystems-probes.com)
KEY MESSAGE: An Oligo-FISH barcode system was developed for two model legumes, allowing the identification of all cowpea and common bean chromosomes in a single FISH experiment, and revealing new chromosome rearrangements. (bvsalud.org)
This might be because rearrangements in the gene-poor Y chromosome have milder effect on the phenotype, as a result of which the affected individuals escape attention and are not subjected to cytogenetic analysis. (veteriankey.com)
The only true Y chromosome structural rearrangements, reported so far, are large-scale ECAY deletions in 64,XY sex reversal mares (Raudsepp et al. (veteriankey.com)
Single additional alterations to del(5q) by balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found in myelodysplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
Conversely, balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found as a single additional alteration to del (5q). (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)
In Akodon cursor, the frequencies of chromosome rearrangements along their geographical distribution in Atlantic Forest have provided information about their dispersal pattern and population differentiation. (fapesp.br)

A comparison of human and chimpanzee genes in the region of this inversion indicates that two genes-ROCK1 and USP14-that are adjacent on chimpanzee chromosome 17 (which corresponds to human chromosome 18) are more distantly positioned on human chromosome 18. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Because even small segments of chromosomes can span many genes, chromosomal disorders are characteristically dramatic and often fatal. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Modern genomic research generally focuses on the role of individual genes but the role of chromosomes and homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) is often disregarded. (ukri.org)
genes are screened by using GAP-PCR, DNA sequencing and Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Analysis (MLPA) to detect deletional and non deletional mutations. (med.om)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that the FOXP1 and TP63 genes were both relocated along chromosome 3. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, using sequences of three mitochondrial genes, the phylogenetic relationships between every sample with a known karyotype were determined, which revealed significant nucleotide divergence among the karyomorphs. (scielo.br)
As stated several times above, the rationale for focusing on the root cause of 8p disease - damaged 8p chromosomes - is that it obviates the need to validate driver genes one by one. (project8p.org)

synteny of human chromosomes 14 and 15 in the platyrrhines (primates, platyrrhini). (liverpool.ac.uk)
BAC markers demonstrated conserved synteny of the main rDNA sites on orthologous chromosomes 6 and 10, as previously observed for Phaseolus and Vigna. (bvsalud.org)
Bahri-Darwich I., Vaiman D., Olsaker I., Oustry A., Cribiu E.P., Assignment of bovine synteny groups U27 and U8 to R-banded chromosome 12 and 27, respectively, Hereditas 120 (1994) 261-265. (gse-journal.org)

A technique for visualizing CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS using fluorescently labeled DNA probes which are hybridized to chromosomal DNA. (uams.edu)
Almost every chromosome is affected by numeric or structural aberrations. (neurotransmitter.net)
Karyotype, centric fusion polymorphism and chromosomal aberrations in captive-born mountain reedbuck (Redunca fulvorufula). (unina.it)

Metaphase nuclei harvest and chromosome count. (creative-bioarray.com)
Starting with pilot findings from an inv/dup/del family trio, 8p-hero-derived primary fibroblasts will be assayed with a standardized, validated panel of dyes targeting mitochondria, nuclei, and other organelles/cell compartments (cell painting). (project8p.org)

They were also used in a multi colour format (colour segmenting) to differentiate the entire human karyotype into 81 homologous coloured segments with probes derived from H. concolor, and 74 segments with probes derived from H. syndactylus. (nih.gov)
when do homologous chromosomes become closer? (uab.es)
In most eukaryotes, pairing of homologous chromosomes is an essential feature of meiosis that ensures homologous recombination and segregation. (uab.es)
Our data establishes in an unambiguously manner that 73.83% of homologous chromosomes are already paired at premeiotic stages (spermatogonia-early preleptotene spermatocytes). (uab.es)
The percentage of paired homologous chromosomes increases to 84.60% at mid-preleptotene-zygotene stage, reaching 100% at pachytene stage. (uab.es)
Finally, we have also observed that premeiotic homologous pairing is asynchronous and independent of the chromosome size, GC content, or presence of NOR regions. (uab.es)
The males of M. nemorivaga showed one acrocentric chromosome without its corresponding pair, but it was homologous to distal half of q arm of X-chromosome. (unesp.br)

Homologies between human and dolphin chromosomes detected by heterologous chromosome painting. (tamu.edu)

CGH has been widely applied to detect gains and losses of DNA sequences on specific chromosomes in the study of solid tumours, 1 but has not been extensively used to study unbalanced constitutional karyotypes. (bmj.com)
We combined our oligo-FISH barcode pattern with a set of previously developed FISH probes based on BACs and ribosomal DNA sequences. (bvsalud.org)
2007). This allowed isolation of ECAY sequences and generation of Y-specific molecular probes. (veteriankey.com)
1992). Due to the largely heterochromatic nature of ECAY and repeat-biased amplification of DOP-PCR, microdissected probes tend to be enriched with repetitive sequences, while euchromatic sequences remain underrepresented. (veteriankey.com)
Eggen A., Solinas T.S., Fries R.A., Cosmid specific for sequences encoding a microtubule associated protein, MAPIB, contains a polymorphic microsatellite and maps to bovine chromosome 20q14, J. Hered. (gse-journal.org)
To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
The third approach uses CRISPR (gene editing) to target DNA sequences specific to damaged 8p chromosomes, resulting in their physical elimination from the cell. (project8p.org)

Avian karyotypes are characterized by internal variation in the size of chromosomes, presenting two distinct groups, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. (pensoft.net)

In addition, karyotype comparisons in Alcedinidae show a heterogeneity in the size and morphology of macrochromosomes, and chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 76 to 132. (pensoft.net)
At temperature of 80C the chromosome morphology was found to be distorted. (gla.ac.uk)

We inferred the APK as having n = 11 and 19 GBs (A to S), hypothesizing five chromosome fusions that reduced the ancestral legume karyotype to n = 11. (bvsalud.org)

We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)
The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)

On the basis of the patterns of hybridisation and incorporating published data, we propose twoalternative, but similar, models of karyotype evolution in the genus Brachypodium. (aber.ac.uk)

During metaphase the X-shaped structure is called a metaphase chromosome, which is highly condensed and thus easiest to distinguish and study. (wikipedia.org)
We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)

These systems allow chromosomal analysis in great detail and are particularly useful for the detection of complex chromosome exchanges that originate from three or more breaks. (utmb.edu)
This chapter will describe methods that can be used to analyze the results obtained in mFISH karyotypes particularly with relation to complex chromosome exchanges. (utmb.edu)
The complex chromosome 3 rearrangement was found in all the metaphases, strongly suggesting its role as a driver mutation. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase, which poises pulverized chromosomes for clustering upon mitotic entry. (nature.com)

Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

HyperSpectral Karyotyping (SKY) of human and mouse cells with ASI Complete Multicolor Karyotyping & FISH System (HiSKY): ASI's HyperSpectral platform is based on Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. (weizmann.ac.il)
Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
The Precise Breakpoint Mapping in Paracentric Inversion 10q22.2q23.3 by Comprehensive Cytogenomic Analysis, Multicolor Banding, and Single-Copy Chromosome Sequencing. (metasystems-probes.com)
Multicolor banding, chromosomal microarray analysis, chromosome microdissection with reverse painting, and single-copy sequencing of the rearranged chromosome were performed to determine the length and position of the inverted region as well as to rule out a genetic imbalance at the breakpoints. (metasystems-probes.com)
Apart from conventional karyotyping, we can also provide Karyotyping of human chromosomes, mouse chromosomes by multicolor FISH probes . (creative-bioarray.com)

examples include aneuploidy (atypical chromosome number), deletion (loss of part of a chromosome), duplications (extra copies of a region of a chromosome), inversion (when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse. (schleiden-eifel.de)

Here we report a case of donor cell-derived acute myeloid leukaemia with 3q26.2 involvement/MECOM rearrangement and chromosome 20q deletion. (lidsen.com)
The BM karyotype, in addition to 5q deletion, showed an acquired abnormal chromosome 3 (Figure 1 a). (biomedcentral.com)

The genome of some vole rodents exhibit large blocks of heterochromatin coupled to their sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data reveal that histone acetylation level affects DNA replication dynamics of the sex chromosomes' heterochromatin and leads to a global reduction in replication fork rate genome wide. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
The maintenance of a single centromere per chromosome is critical for establishing bipolar microtubule attachments to the mitotic spindle and achieving high-fidelity genome segregation 17 . (nature.com)

The two individuals carrying isochromosome Y had mosaic karyotypes 63,XO/64,Xi(Y), and both animals were phenotypically abnormal. (veteriankey.com)

An extended river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n=50) cytogenetic map: assignment of 68 autosomal loci by FISH-mapping and R-banding and comparison with humans chromosomes. (unina.it)

An important breakthrough in horse Y chromosome research came with the availability of new genomics tools and resources, such as large-insert genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries (for review, see Rubes et al. (veteriankey.com)
2009), chromosome flow sorting and microdissection technology, and various genomic DNA amplification systems (Telenius et al. (veteriankey.com)
Libert F., Lefort A., Okimoto R., Womack J., Georges M., Construction of a bovine genomic library of large yeast artificial chromosome clones, Genomics 18 (1993) 270-276. (gse-journal.org)

for suspected hematological cancer with any acquired chromosome abnormality using bone marrow (diagnostic and prognostic). (med.om)

The bright green dots are probes complementary to olfactory receptor homologues. (washington.edu)

G band cytogenetic analysis often leads to the discovery of unbalanced karyotypes that require further characterisation by molecular cytogenetic studies. (bmj.com)
Constitutional chromosome studies involving conventional GTG band cytogenetic analysis, however, often show unbalanced karyotypes which cannot be fully defined because the extra material is too small to have a recognisable banding pattern. (bmj.com)

The addition of colours not only simplifies chromosome identification compared to the analysis of classical banding based on grey values, but colour segmenting also provides simple coloured landmarks for further fine analysis by classical banding. (nih.gov)
G- and R-banding comparison of sheep (Ovis aries L.) chromosomes. (cnr.it)
ZOO-FISH and R-banding reveal extensive conservation of human chromosome regions in euchromatic regions of river buffalo chromosomes. (cnr.it)
Chromosome Evolution in domestic Bovids as revealed by chromosome banding and FISH-mapping techniques. (unina.it)

This image shows chromosomes with fluorescent R-bands. (washington.edu)

Furthermore, in the pheasants fission of the ancestral galliform chromosome 2 could be documented. (kent.ac.uk)
A comparison with ape chromosomes shows that the human chromosome 2 is the result of an end to end fusion of two ancestral chromosomes. (washington.edu)

Walter Sutton (left) and Theodor Boveri (right) independently developed the chromosome theory of inheritance in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel 's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity , Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)
Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)

Chromosomal identification of marker chromosomes and extra bands on chromosomes through molecular techniques is always of clinical interest. (bmj.com)
In conclusion, we mapped major epigenetic modifications controlling the structure of the sex chromosome-associated heterochromatin and demonstrated the occurrence of differences in the molecular mechanisms controlling the replication timing of the heterochromatic blocks at the sex chromosomes in female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)

All human chromosomal paints, except the Y probe, hybridized to Tursiops counterparts, and every dolphin chromosome was painted except for the smallest submetacentric pair. (tamu.edu)
Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, there are two reports about infertile stallions having XXY sex chromosomes - an equine counterpart to human Kleinfelter syndrome (Kubien et al. (veteriankey.com)
Comparison of the human with the sheep genomes by use of human chromosome-specific painting probes. (cnr.it)

Mus and Peromyscus chromosome homology established by FISH with three mouse paint probes. (tamu.edu)
Three Peromyscus linkage groups were assigned to chromosomes, based on linkage homology with Mus. (tamu.edu)
Chromosome piece of art together with Akodon paranaensis chromosome 21 (a smaller metacentric akodont gun) fresh paint exposed full homology with all the tiniest acrocentric Deltamys sp. (torkinibinhibitor.com)

In particular, G band analysis usually does not show the chromosomal origin of small marker chromosomes or of a small amount of extra material detected on otherwise normal chromosomes. (bmj.com)
Such signals are captured with image analysis systems allowing the construction of karyotypes with each chromosome unambiguously identified. (utmb.edu)
Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
The analysis of C-bands showed all centromeric and pericetromeric regions were heterochromatic, except the Y chromosome. (unesp.br)
The chromosome painting analysis showed total homeology of the X-chromosome M. gouazoubira probe with the whole p arm and proximal half of q arm of X-chromosome from M. nemorivaga. (unesp.br)
Creative Bioarray has performed many karyotyping (banded chromosome analysis) services for cell line authentication and some specific research. (creative-bioarray.com)

He suggested to introduce the term chromosomics being equal to cytogenomics to bring the three-dimensional morphologically of chromosomes into the focus of research, as this is essential for gene regulation. (frontiersin.org)
This image shows a probe for the Xist gene, on the X chromosome. (washington.edu)
The fourth approach also takes advantage of CRISPR but instead of targeting naturally occurring sites unique to damaged 8p chromosomes, a susceptibility gene is inserted into the damaged 8p chromosomes of 8p iPSCs, rendering these edited cells sensitive to a drug that selectively kills them. (project8p.org)
a gene located in a chromosome region suspected of being involved in a disease. (womenshealthsection.com)

Cai L., Taylor J. F., Wing R.A., Gallagher D.S., Woo S.S., Davis S.K., Construction and characterization of a bovine bacterial artifical chromosome library, Genomics 29 (1995) 413-425. (gse-journal.org)

Studies of karyotype structure in birds have given valuable information about evolutionary relationships. (pensoft.net)
This is despite the ubiquity of HSBs and the phenotypic consequences/evolutionary implications of chromosome rearrangement. (ukri.org)

These heterochromatin patterns and the number of chromosomes are characteristics exclusive to Melipona karyotypes that distinguish them from the other genera of the Meliponini. (karger.com)

The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we developed the first chromosome identification system for legumes based on oligo-FISH barcode probes. (bvsalud.org)
We will anchor each of the scaffolds physically to chromosomes by FISH. (ukri.org)
Therefore, microdissected Y-chromosome probes are good for FISH but not suitable for cloning and sequencing of the male-specific or pseudoautosomal regions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)
Thirteen type I loci from HSA4q, HSA6p, HSA7q and HSA12q were comparatively FISH-mapped in four river buffalo and sheep chromosomes. (cnr.it)
Sexing river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.), sheep (Ovis aries L.), goat (Capra hircus L.) and cattle spermatozoa by double color FISH using bovine (Bos taurus L.) X- and Y- painting probes. (unina.it)

Difficulties were encountered in preparing the working library probe from the chromosome 21 specific library and a major part of the work involved solving these problems. (gla.ac.uk)

[4] Before this happens, each chromosome is duplicated ( S phase ), and both copies are joined by a centromere , resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured above), if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-arm structure, if the centromere is located distally. (wikipedia.org)
De Novo Centromere Formation in Pericentromeric Region of Rice Chromosome 8. (zhangtaolab.org)
As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)

From 15 M. gouazoubira analyzed here, two of them showed variants karyotypes while from eight M. nemorivaga, 4 of them were variants. (unesp.br)

The increase of the chromosome number in the Green Kingfisher possibly originated by centric fissions in macrochromosomes. (pensoft.net)

[1] [2] These chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure, which plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation . (wikipedia.org)

Labelling of the library by nick-translation and random priming did not achieve decoration of the whole chromosome 21 but direct labelling of Biotin-ll-dUTP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was found to be efficient and overcame the problem of non-homogenous painting of the target chromosome. (gla.ac.uk)
A single amplification cycle was sufficient to enhance the decoration of chromosome 21. (gla.ac.uk)

The aims of this study are not only to reconstruct the evolution of Brachypodium karyotypes to resolve the phylogeny, but also to highlight the mechanisms that shape the evolution of grass genomes. (aber.ac.uk)

[5] In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation . (wikipedia.org)

This polymorphism is primarily attributed to the various amount of Y heterochromatin, though earlier studies also suggest variation in the euchromatic portion of the chromosome (Power, 1988). (veteriankey.com)

Anatomy45

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes72

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Humanities1

Information Science2

Health Care5

Situ Hybridization14

Hybridization12

Species33

Cytogenetics5

Abnormalities10

Diploid6

Standard karyotype2

Comparative9

Hybridized to metaphase spreads1

Rearrangements12

Genes8

Synteny3

Aberrations3

Nuclei2

Homologous7

Homologies1

Sequences7

Avian1

Morphology2

Fusions1

Meiotic2

Evolution in the genus1

Metaphase chromosome2

Complex chromosome3

Interphase1

Recombination1

Multicolor5

Duplications1

Deletion2

Genome4

Abnormal1

Humans1

Genomic3

Abnormality1

Homologues1

Cytogenetic analysis2

Banding4

Fluorescent1

Ancestral2

Inheritance5

Molecular2

Human4

Homology3

Analysis6

Gene4

Bacterial1

Evolutionary2

Distinguish1

FISH6

Specific1

Centromere3

Variants1

Fissions1

Transcriptional1

Amplification2

Genomes1

Segregation1

Polymorphism1