• We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Use of cross-species in situ hybridization (ZOO-FISH) to assess chromosome abnormalities in day 6 in vivo or in vitro produced sheep embryos. (unina.it)
  • Pathak R, Koturbash I, Hauer-Jensen M. Detection of Inter-chromosomal Stable Aberrations by Multiple Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (mFISH) and Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) in Irradiated Mice. (uams.edu)
  • Karyotype, centric fusion polymorphism and chromosomal aberrations in captive-born mountain reedbuck (Redunca fulvorufula). (unina.it)
  • A technique for visualizing CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS using fluorescently labeled DNA probes which are hybridized to chromosomal DNA. (uams.edu)
  • In the process, chromosomal fusions occurred in the equidae, causing karyotypes to evolve that range from 66 to 32 chromosomes, whilst preserving the same amount of DNA. (ivis.org)
  • In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Probes were used from two gibbon species (Hylobates concolor and H. syndactylus) which both showed highly rearranged karyotypes. (nih.gov)
  • Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. (nih.gov)
  • They were also used in a multi colour format (colour segmenting) to differentiate the entire human karyotype into 81 homologous coloured segments with probes derived from H. concolor, and 74 segments with probes derived from H. syndactylus. (nih.gov)
  • Sexing river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.), sheep (Ovis aries L.), goat (Capra hircus L.) and cattle spermatozoa by double color FISH using bovine (Bos taurus L.) X- and Y- painting probes. (unina.it)
  • For this, we combined our oligo-FISH barcode system for beans and chromosome-specific painting probes for chromosomes 2 and 3, with rDNA and a centromeric probe to establish chromosome orthologies and identify structural rearrangements across nine Phaseolus species. (bvsalud.org)
  • This technique may also be used to identify cross-species homology by labeling probes from one species for hybridization with chromosomes from another species. (uams.edu)
  • Premature chromosome condensation in human resting peripheral blood lymphocytes without mitogen stimulation for chromosome aberration analysis using specific whole chromosome DNA hybridization probes. (uams.edu)
  • The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)
  • We show that Phaseolus leptostachyus, a wild bean, underwent a rapid genome reshuffling associated with the reduction from 11 to 10 chromosome pairs, but without whole genome duplication, the highest chromosome evolution rate known for plants. (bvsalud.org)
  • This is the highest rate known yet for plants, making it a model species for investigating the mechanisms behind rapid genome reshuffling in early species diversification. (bvsalud.org)
  • aquaculture production has experienced a great increase in the last decade and, consequently, the genome knowledge of the species is gaining attention. (metasystems-international.com)
  • In this sense, obtaining a high-density genome mapping of the species could offer clues to the aquaculture improvement in those aspects not resolved so far. (metasystems-international.com)
  • A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
  • As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
  • Guizotia abyssinica has a diploid genome constituting (2n = 2x = 30) chromosome number and belongs to the family composite/Asteraceae/ (Dagne 1995 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • KEY MESSAGE: Karyotypes evolve through numerical and structural chromosome rearrangements. (bvsalud.org)
  • Plant karyotypes evolve through structural rearrangements often associated with polyploidy or dysploidy. (bvsalud.org)
  • brazil is the richest country in the world in terms of primate species and the amazonian rain forest is one of the richest biomes containing 15 (ca. 90%) of the neotropical primate genera. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Primate classification and distribution of extinct and extant species. (successcds.net)
  • Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The highly skewed distribution of recombination events towards the chromosome ends in zebra finches and other estrildid species may function to minimize crossovers in the inverted regions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, chromosomes with a high number of linked genes that are conserved, even in distant species, were detected. (metasystems-international.com)
  • Chromosome Painting" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
  • An extended river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n=50) cytogenetic map: assignment of 68 autosomal loci by FISH-mapping and R-banding and comparison with humans chromosomes. (unina.it)
  • Some insect species have evolved mechanisms to reduce the cost of embryo mortality but humans have not. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mechanisms of transmission of both discontinuous and continuous characteristics across the generations were unknown before Mendel's laws were explained at the turn of the 20th Century by the behavior of chromosomes in germ cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Germ line restricted B chromosomes in grasshoppers. (krakow.pl)
  • We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Onset and sequence of RBA-band replication on the inactive X-chromosomes of cattle (Bos taurus L.), river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.) and goat (Capra hircus L. (unina.it)
  • In species with an ordered (linear) tetrad in the female meiosis [e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other authors, however, have considered the extinct Tarpan to be the ancestral species of the domestic horses. (ivis.org)
  • Unfortunately, since we don't quite know how to construct viable genomes of extinct species, much less grow the creatures themselves, we don't know whether the depiction of the science is right. (genomevisualization.com)
  • Chromosome Evolution in domestic Bovids as revealed by chromosome banding and FISH-mapping techniques. (unina.it)
  • This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
  • It might also make a difference to how we think about the cultural evolution of linguistic diversity, allowing that it was slowly generated in distinct areas of the Old World followed by cross-fertilization. (frontiersin.org)
  • Three species are extant: The average life expectancy of a camel is 40 to 50 years. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most of the species have 2n = 22 karyotypes and are highly syntenic, except for three dysploid karyotypes of species from the Leptostachyus group (2n = 20) that have accumulated several rearrangements. (bvsalud.org)
  • Phaseolus leptostachyus showed the highest CER (12.31 rearrangements/My), a tenfold increase in contrast to the 2n = 22 species analysed. (bvsalud.org)
  • In particular, a distinction between those inversions which cover both chromosome arms and thus include the centromere (pericentric inversions) and those which are restricted to a single chromosome arm (paracentric inversions) has often been made [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genus Phaseolus comprises ~ 90 species, five of them domesticated due to their nutritional relevance. (bvsalud.org)
  • A species of the family Bovidae and genus Taurotragus , it was described in 1847 by John Edward Gray . (journeycoper650.click)
  • Second, early efforts to extract and analyze ancient DNA focused on mitochondrial DNA and seemed to point to significant differences between the modern and Neandertal genomes, suggesting they were a different species. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our data allowed us to identify translocations, inversions, duplications and deletions, mostly in species belonging to the Leptostachyus group. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inversions are intrachromosomal structural mutations which result in the reversal of gene order (and no change in the genic content of a chromosome) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the other hand, pericentric inversions often lead to decreased fertility in females [ 6 , 7 ], which may also explain the preponderance of polymorphic paracentric over pericentric inversions in species like Drosophila spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this paper we briefly review several recent lines of evidence concerning Neandertal language and speech capacity, aiming to dispel the idea-still held in some influential circles-that the Neandertals were an inarticulate not quite human species, arguing instead that they were probably not very different biologically or cognitively from us, and that their linguistic capacities were closely similar to our own 1 . (frontiersin.org)
  • Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 (Gastropoda: Helicidae) - the morphological and molecular analysis of a new species to the Polish malacofauna. (krakow.pl)
  • Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • a comparative electrophysiological and behavioural study has been made in 17 closely related monkeys of the new world species, saguinus midas tamarin. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The addition of colours not only simplifies chromosome identification compared to the analysis of classical banding based on grey values, but colour segmenting also provides simple coloured landmarks for further fine analysis by classical banding. (nih.gov)
  • Variations in morphology within species, and to a greater extent between species, led Linnaeus and other taxonomists to classify all organisms in terms of genealogies with species, families and orders depending on their similarities, starting with individuals capable of reproduction that defined a species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These are some of the physiological distinguishing characteristics from the closest species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 450-band resolution G- and R-banded standard karyotype of the donkey (Equus asinus, 2n = 62). (unina.it)
  • The authors recently mapped a susceptibility locus for autism to chromosome region 2q24-q33 (MIM number 606053). (neurotransmitter.net)
  • a gene located in a chromosome region suspected of being involved in a disease. (womenshealthsection.com)
  • The stage was set for ideas about the transmutability of species, the heritability of physical traits and Darwin's theory of the origin of species [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The word camel is also used informally in a wider sense, where the more correct term is "camelid", to include all seven species of the family Camelidae: the true camels (the above three species), along with the "New World" camelids: the llama, the alpaca, the guanaco, and the vicuña, which belong to the separate tribe Lamini. (wikipedia.org)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Chromosome Painting" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Chromosome Painting" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uams.edu)
  • The wild Bactrian camel is a separate species and is now critically endangered. (wikipedia.org)
  • in order to study the intra- and interspecific variability of the 14/15 association in platyrrhini, we analyzed 15 species from 13 genera, including species that had not been described yet. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The giant eland is the largest species of antelope, with a body length ranging from 220-290 cm (87-114 in). (journeycoper650.click)
  • Cytogenetic survey in endangered domestic species reared in southern Italy. (unina.it)