Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is a betaretrovirus which is the causative agent of a contagious lung cancer in sheep, called ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
JSRV is the virus that is the cause of the contagious lung tumors in sheep called ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA). (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] The exogenous infectious form of JSRV has an endogenous counterpart which is present in the genomes of all sheep and goats. (wikipedia.org)
Endogenous JSRV has several roles in the evolution of the domestic sheep as they are able to block the JSRV replication cycle and play a critical role in sheep conceptus development and placental morphogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
But JSRV is different in this aspect since its envelope glycoprotein ("env") by itself is an oncogene and this single protein was shown to be necessary and sufficient to induce lung tumors in sheep. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike the majority of retroviruses, JSRV entry into the host cell is pH-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
The jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV), belonging to the betaretrovirus genus of the retroviridae family, includes both exogenous and endogenous jaagsiekte sheep retroviruses (exJSRV and enJSRV, respectively). (iranjournals.ir)
In infected sheep, the exogenous and pathogenic Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) co-exists with the highly related endogenous JSRVs (enJSRVs). (gla.ac.uk)
During evolution, one of these enJSRV loci, enJS56A1, has acquired a defective and transdominant Gag polyprotein that blocks the late replication steps of related retroviruses, by a mechanism known as JSRV late restriction (JLR). (gla.ac.uk)
This genus includes Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)--both of which are pathogenic--as well as many endogenous retroviruses, including the HERV-K(HML2) family that has proliferated in the primate lineage over a period of more than 30 million years. (tufts.edu)
Several viruses including retroviruses such as, Foamy Virus, HIV-1, JSRV, M-PMV and HTLV-1 have been shown to hamper centrosome functions for their own profit, but the outcomes are very different. (biomedcentral.com)
Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA), also known as jaagsiekte, is a transmissible lung tumor of sheep caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). (siftdesk.org)
The presence of Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is usually demonstrated in the lungs by immunohistochemistry. (siftdesk.org)
The period between infection and the appearance of clinical signs may be several months or years and many JSRV infected sheep do not exhibit clinical signs at all during their lifespan. (siftdesk.org)
In order to construct surface protein (SU) and transmembrane protein (TM) of envelope gene expression vector that directs the synthesis of protein in E.coli, genome DNA were extracted from lung tumour tissues of sheep with naturally affected pulmonary adenomatosis and amplified with gene-specific primers designed from the JSRV-NM sequences by polymerase chain reaction. (paper.edu.cn)
An after death examination demonstrated she had a type of lunggrowth called ovine pneumonic adenocarcinoma, otherwise called Jaagsiekte,whichis a genuinely regular ailment of sheep and is caused by the retrovirus JSRV.Roslin researchers expressed that they didn't think there was an associationwith Dolly being a clone, and that other sheep in a similar run had passed onof a similar malady. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Endogenous5
On rare occasions, they can infect germ line cells and become part of the host genome as "endogenous" retroviruses (ERVs), which are transmitted vertically to the offspring and inherited as Mendelian genes. (gla.ac.uk)
This study unveils critical aspects of JLR that were previously unknown, and provides new insights on the molecular mechanisms governing the interplay between endogenous and exogenous sheep betaretroviruses. (gla.ac.uk)
He was interested in why over the last 10 million years the genomes of mice have accumulated 10 times more small RNA viruses, called endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), than has the human genome. (jennycarpenter.com)
This includes a few exogenous, vertically transmitted and endogenous viruses of mice (type B) and some primate and sheep viruses (type D). MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS, MOUSE is the type species. (bvsalud.org)
Monoclonal antibodies have been used to characterize peripheral and pulmonary leukocytes (bronchoalveolar lavage ce lis) derived from naturally affected and experimentally induced sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (SPA, Jaagsiekte, ovine pulmonary carcinoma) cases. (edu.pe)
Genome4
Retroviruses must integrate their genome into the host DNA as a necessary step of their replication cycle. (gla.ac.uk)
The sheep genome harbours at least twenty-seven enJSRV loci and, most likely, the process of endogenization is still occurring. (gla.ac.uk)
Finally, sequence analyses revealed that the domestic sheep has acquired, by genome amplification, several copies of the enJS56A1 provirus, reinforcing the hypothesis that this locus has provided an evolutionary advantage to the host. (gla.ac.uk)
This TM-based approach also allowed us to identify a novel recombinant retrovirus in the genome of the white-throated sparrow, underscoring the importance of recombination in creating diversity and expanding host range. (tufts.edu)
20012
Lung cancer in sheep is caused by the jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (Palmarini & Fan, 2001). (cdc.gov)
Her first sheep, named Bonnie, was conceived inApril 1998.The one year from now Dolly delivered twin sheep Sally and Rosie,and she brought forth triplets Lucy, Darcy and Cotton in the year after that.In late 2001, at four years old, Dolly created joint inflammation and startedto walk firmly. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Viruses2
Workers in the meat industry who handle cattle, pigs and sheep or their raw products are heavily exposed to a plethora of transmissible agents such as prions, viruses, bacteria, protozoa, etc., that are known to cause disease in these animals, including cancer and neurologic diseases. (cdc.gov)
Retroviruses are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses that incorporate their genomes as proviruses into host chromosomal genomes after reverse transcription to cDNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Genus2
In cattle, known retroviruses are bovine leukemia virus (BLV) of the genus Deltaretrovirus , bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) of the genus Lentivirus , and bovine foamy virus (BFV) of the genus Bovispumavirus [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Previously a genus of the family RETROVIRIDAE consisting of oncogenic exogenous retroviruses that contain type D particles. (bvsalud.org)
EnJSRV1
Interestingly, enJSRV-26, a provirus that integrated in the sheep germ line less than two hundred years ago, possesses the unique ability to escape JLR. (gla.ac.uk)
Protein1
2000): Evidence for a protein related immunologically to the jaagsiekte Sheep retrovirus in some human lung tumours. (siftdesk.org)
FELINE1
However, the marked reduction in number and proportion ofMHC class-II-restricted peripheral CD4+ T cells, as well as the increase in the proportions ofMHC class-I- restricted CD8+ T and slgG+ B cells in peripheral lymphocytes, suggests the existence of previously unrecognized immune dysfuntions similar to those reported in retrovirus-induced human and feline immunosuppressive diseases. (edu.pe)
Oncogenic1
Generally, oncogenic retroviruses cause transformation of host cells mostly by insertional activation of a host protooncogene into an oncogene. (wikipedia.org)
Bovine4
For example, bovine leukemia virus (BLV) commonly infects and causes lymphosarcoma in cattle and sheep, and the prevalence of infection in herds can be as high as over 40% (Burny and Mammerickx, 1987). (cdc.gov)
Prion agents cause the subacute severe neurologic disease known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or 'mad cow' disease in cattle, and scrapie in sheep. (cdc.gov)
Using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics, we discovered a new retrovirus, bovine retrovirus CH15 (BoRV CH15), in the CNS of a cow with non-suppurative encephalitis. (biomedcentral.com)
It is induced by an exogenous bovine (ruminant) retrovirus, bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). (anipedia.org)
Betaretroviruses1
Sheep betaretroviruses represent a unique model to study the complex evolutionary interplay between host and pathogen in natural settings. (gla.ac.uk)
Transmissible1
This project investigates mortality in a cohort of workers in the meat industry identified from a meatcutters union in Baltimore, because they were exposed at work to transmissible agents that are known to infect or cause cancer and other diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep, and were also occupationally exposed to known chemical carcinogens. (cdc.gov)
Genomes1
He teamed up with researchers from Plymouth University and the University of Glasgow in the United Kingdom to mine for retroviruses in the genomes of a range of mammals-including shrews, humans, dogs, and dolphins. (jennycarpenter.com)
Particles1
50, 62 Using electron microscopy, they succeeded in detecting retrovirus-like particles in short-term cultures of lymphocytes derived from cattle with persistent lymphocytosis and stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin. (anipedia.org)
Virus3
Transmission of virus is through aerosol spread between sheep. (wikipedia.org)
As the tumour grows, fluid production in the lung increases and this is likely to promote virus spread to other sheep. (wikipedia.org)
Dawson, M., Venables, C. and Jenkins, C.E. (1985): Experimental infection of a natural case of Sheep Pulmonary Adenomatosis with Maedi-Visna Virus. (siftdesk.org)
Infection2
In vitro infection of ovine cell lines by Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. (nih.gov)
Cattle (Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds), sheep and also the South American capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), a rodent, are susceptible to natural BLV infection, 53 but experimentally nonruminants such as pigs, monkeys, rabbits, rats and chickens also seroconvert after BLV inoculation. (anipedia.org)
Lung cancer1
One such event led to the untimely death of the world's first cloned sheep, Dolly, who succumbed to lung cancer caused by the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. (jennycarpenter.com)
Neoplastic2
A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pneumocytes and epithelial cells of the lung. (uchicago.edu)
This is a non-human neoplastic process described in sheep. (nih.gov)
Infectious1
Retroviruses that have integrated into the germline ( PROVIRUSES ) that have lost infectious capability but retained the capability to transpose. (lookformedical.com)
GAMMARETROVIRUS1
Several retroviruses, including members of the genera Lentivirus , Gammaretrovirus , and Deltaretrovirus have been shown to cause disease in the CNS. (biomedcentral.com)
Cattle1
It is not known for example whether those microbial agents which cause cancer and other diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep also cause cancer in humans. (cdc.gov)
The endeavor to clone abanteng bull was more fruitful, just like the endeavors to clone mouflon (atype of wild sheep), both bringing about practical posterity. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
19961
The reinventingprocedure that phones need to experience amid cloning isn't immaculate andfetuses created by atomic exchange frequently demonstrate strange improvement.Making cloned warm blooded creatures was profoundly wasteful - in 1996 Dollywas the main sheep that made due to adulthood from 277 endeavors. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Dolly4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_(sheep)I chose this topic because I found it interesting but also alittle creepy! (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Logical American closed in 2016 that the primary inheritanceof Dolly the sheep has not been cloning of creatures but rather in propels intoundifferentiated organism research. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Wilmut, who drove the group that made Dolly, declaredin 2007 that the atomic exchange procedure may never be adequately proficientfor use in people.In 2016 researchers announced no deformities in thirteencloned sheep, including four from a similar cell line as Dolly. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Such lung maladies are a specific peril for sheep keptinside, and Dolly needed to rest inside for security reasons.Dolly carried on with as long as she can remember at the RoslinInstitute in Edinburgh. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Cancer1
Fan, H. (1994): Retroviruses and Their Role in Cancer. (siftdesk.org)
Species1
80 The natural transmission of BLV to sheep is of some relevance where the two species are kept in close contact. (anipedia.org)
Type1
While retroviruses with covalent type Env can cross multiple taxonomic boundaries, noncovalent types are limited to mammals. (tufts.edu)
Cells1
Normally, retroviruses integrate into somatic cells and are transmitted, from infected to uninfected hosts, as "exogenous" retroviruses. (gla.ac.uk)
Words1
The disease has also been called "jaagsiekte", after the Afrikaans words for "chase" (jaag) and "sickness" (siekte), to describe the respiratory distress observed in an animal out of breath from being chased, indicating the breathing difficulty experienced by infected sheep. (wikipedia.org)
Years1
Some in the press estimated that a contributing component toDolly's passing was that she could have been conceived with a hereditary age ofsix years, an indistinguishable age from the sheep from which she was cloned.One reason for this thought was the finding that Dolly's telomeres were short,which is ordinarily an aftereffect of the maturing procedure. (maryelizabethbodycare.com)
Important1
however, it has still not been possible to devise effective methods for controlling its spread and it remains an important problem in most countries where sheep are farmed. (siftdesk.org)