• Isotopes of oxygen Dole, Malcolm (1936). (wikipedia.org)
  • Carbon and oxygen isotopes of cool-water bryozoans from the Great Australian Bight and their paleoenvironmental significance. (tamu.edu)
  • the ratio of two oxygen isotopes, oxygen-16 ( 16 O) and oxygen-18 ( 18 O), which is determined on calcium carbonate from shells of microfossils that accumulated year by year on the seafloor. (britannica.com)
  • Pyrite sulfur isotopes (δ 34 S pyr ), iron speciation and trace metal concentrations (V, U, and Mo) all indicate pervasive locally reducing conditions, and thallium (ε 205 Tl) isotopic compositions indicate significant changes in global Mn-oxide burial. (lu.se)
  • Determining the effects of aqueous alteration on the distribution of oxygen isotopes in carbonaceous chondrites. (open.ac.uk)
  • Spock is specifically designed for a much narrower purpose: to examine carbon (and oxygen) isotopes in atmospheric carbon dioxide. (noaa.gov)
  • The Global Meteoric Water Line equation is δD = 8δ 18 O + 10, where δD is the variation in stable hydrogen isotopes and δ 18 O is the variation in stable oxygen isotopes of precipitation. (confex.com)
  • I sotopic fluctuation of certain stable isotopes, notably Oxygen, provide important information on paleoenvironmental change along geological times. (copernicus.org)
  • Chondrule sizes are within the range for CO chondrites, but oxygen isotopes plot well below the array for CO chondrites (to more negative Δ 17 O values). (usra.edu)
  • Oxygen isotope compositions of marine carbonates are commonly employed for understanding ancient temperatures, but this approach is complicated in the very distant past due to uncertainties about the effects of diagenesis and the isotopic composition of seawater, both locally and globally. (syr.edu)
  • Microsampled accretionary calcite from two species of the fossil bivalve Eurydesma Sowerby and Morris 1845 collected from sediments of Cisuralian age in high latitude marine sediments along the SE coast of Australia records cyclic seasonal fluctuations in shell δ 18 O values during growth, demonstrating the primary nature of the isotope signal and thus allowing investigation of early Permian seawater isotopic composition and water temperature in the high southern latitudes. (syr.edu)
  • The Dole effect, named after Malcolm Dole, describes an inequality in the ratio of the heavy isotope 18O (a "standard" oxygen atom with two additional neutrons) to the lighter 16O, measured in the atmosphere and seawater. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, as a complicating factor, the degree of fractionation (i.e. change in isotope ratio) occurring due to photosynthesis is not entirely dependent on the water drawn up by the plant, as fractionation can occur as a result of preferential evaporation of H216O - water bearing lighter oxygen isotopes,[clarify] and other small but significant processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • inferred from the marine oxygen isotope record were milestones in testing the astronomical theory. (britannica.com)
  • Our results are based on new, high-resolution sea surface temperature and seawater oxygen isotope records of well-dated sedimentary archives from the tropical eastern Indian Ocean for the past 45,000 years, combined with climate model simulations of Atlantic circulation slowdown under Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 boundary conditions. (nature.com)
  • This session aims to bring together scientists from different fields applying single and dual oxygen and hydrogen isotope approaches on environmental-derived compounds for the reconstruction of climatic and biological processes that go beyond standard isotope analyses of water. (copernicus.org)
  • We also encourage people working with all techniques (IRMS-, NMR- or spectroscopy-based) to present advances in methods, as well as researchers focusing on improving oxygen and hydrogen isotope-based models to discuss their approaches. (copernicus.org)
  • In summary, the session will offer an overview on oxygen and hydrogen applications across different ecosystems in order to facilitate the interpretation of compound-specific isotope patterns. (copernicus.org)
  • Additionally, CO 2 containing an 18 O instead of 16 O oxygen isotope has mass 46. (noaa.gov)
  • The isotopic composition of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that compose the water molecule is in particular a key tracer of its sources. (u-psud.fr)
  • The purpose of this paper is to investigate dietary changes of A. viridis using isotopic compositions, particularly carbon source shifts in the anemone metabolism, in response to high p CO 2 /low pH conditions in situ . (nature.com)
  • Lithium and carbon isotopic fractionations between the alteration assemblages of Nakhla and Lafayette. (open.ac.uk)
  • Carbon dioxide comes in three different masses, depending on the isotopic makeup. (noaa.gov)
  • At its 2009 meeting in Vienna, the IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW) resolved to express the standard atomic weight of ten elements - including hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen - by means of intervals that characterize the span of their atomic-weight values in so-called "normal" materials. (degruyter.com)
  • The distinct carbon isotopic values of C 3 and C 4 plants are widely used to reconstruct past hydroclimate, where more C 3 plants reflect wetter and C 4 plants drier conditions. (copernicus.org)
  • These symptoms are consistent with exposure to elevated carbon dioxide and low oxygen concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • Carbon monoxide, methane, and 33 other gases were not detected (using an AIM Model 3250, IST-AIM, Horseheads, NY, USA), which led investigators to suspect that carbon dioxide could be displacing oxygen in the basement and crawlspace. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, WVDEP investigators took a soil gas sample and an air sample from a mine drainage pipe for carbon isotopic composition analysis, which led to the determination that the source of the carbon dioxide was likely from a carbonate source. (cdc.gov)
  • NIOSH recommendations to homeowners with symptoms consistent with carbon dioxide exposure or low oxygen concentrations include: 1. (cdc.gov)
  • Alert utility workers and first responders to the existence of potentially hazardous air environments (e.g., oxygen deficiency, elevated carbon dioxide) in enclosed spaces, and 4. (cdc.gov)
  • Whereas the isotopic composition of paedogenic carbonates displays a different trend over time, that of crocodilian teeth relates changes already observed in mammal teeth, notably a major shift between 2.6 Ma and 2.3 Ma toward more arid conditions. (copernicus.org)
  • Concerning the provision that the isotopic composition of a "normal" material should not have been modified significantly in a geologically brief period, John Böhlke (2015, personal communication) has pointed out that "high and low atomic weight values of light elements commonly are due to isotopic fractionation processes that are happening every day," as arise in respiration, evaporation, and dissolution. (degruyter.com)
  • In the deepest samples having measurable nitrate, where concentrations were very low, the N and O isotopic composition of nitrate was calculated by mass balance using analyses of the combined nitrate + nitrite pools by the denitrifier method, in which both nitrate and nitrite standards were also analyzed, together with nitrite isotope values from the azide-only measurements described previously (Casciotti and McIlvin, 2007). (darkenergybiosphere.org)
  • Here we investigate the proxy potential of an array of trace element (Mg, Mn, Zn, and Sr) to Ca ratios from the shells of Globorotaloides hexagonus , a planktic foraminifer endemic to tropical through temperate oxygen minimum zones. (frontiersin.org)
  • Both Mn/Ca and Zn/Ca ratios vary with oxygen concentration and could be useful for reconstructing G. hexagonus habitat where the primary signal can be d\istinguished from diagenetic overprinting. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, a robust correlation between Sr/Ca ratios and dissolved oxygen demonstrates a role for Sr as an indicator of oxygen minimum zone intensity, potentially via foraminiferal growth rate. (frontiersin.org)
  • The analysis of these relatively conventional trace element ratios in the shells of an oxygen minimum zone species has tremendous potential to facilitate multiproxy reconstructions from this enigmatic environment. (frontiersin.org)
  • A technique for the determination of 18 0/ 16 0 and 17 0/ 16 0 isotopic ratios in water from small liquid and solid samples. (open.ac.uk)
  • Langebroek, PM, Werner, M and Lohmann, G (2011) Climate information imprinted in oxygen-isotopic composition of precipitation in Europe. (marum.de)
  • The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition δ 2 H and δ 18 O of leaf and lake water reflects the isotopic composition of source water/precipitation modified by evapo(transpi)rative enrichment. (copernicus.org)
  • The Global Meteoric Water for the stable isotopic composition of precipitation has been used to interpret both hydrological and climatological processes. (confex.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to add to the previous work on the stable isotopic composition of precipitation within Central Ohio. (confex.com)
  • We assume that, for these ectotherms that regulate their temperature, isotopic composition recorded in their teeth mainly depends on drinking water, itself depending on precipitation. (copernicus.org)
  • Nitrate isotopic composition was measured using the denitrifier method to convert nitrate to N2O, normalized to international reference materials (USGS 34, USGS 32, and USGS 35) (Sigman et al. (darkenergybiosphere.org)
  • Beard, JA , Ivany, LC & Runnegar, B 2015, ' Gradients in seasonality and seawater oxygen isotopic composition along the early Permian Gondwanan coast, SE Australia ', Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol. 425, pp. 219-231. (syr.edu)
  • A species-specific relationship between Mg/Ca and temperature is proposed for quantitative reconstruction of oxygen minimum zone paleotemperatures. (frontiersin.org)
  • The oxygen isotopic composition of water from Tagish Lake: Its relationship to low-temperature phases and to other carbonaceous chondrites. (open.ac.uk)
  • Photosynthesis emits oxygen with the same isotopic composition (i.e. the ratio between 18O and 16O) as the water (H2O) used in the reaction, which is independent of the atmospheric ratio. (wikipedia.org)
  • By determining the relative concentrations of CO 2 molecules of different masses, Spock can find the isotopic ratio in the sample. (noaa.gov)
  • Corrigendum to 'The oxygen isotopic composition of phytolith assemblages from tropical rainforest soil tops (Queensland, Australia): validation of a new paleoenvironmental tool' published in Clim. (copernicus.org)
  • Rather, they convey states of knowledge about the elemental composition of "normal" materials generally, or about specific classes of such materials. (degruyter.com)
  • Modern elemental isotopic analysis informed of the type of diet that ancient Egyptians consumed [8] . (researchgate.net)
  • Here, we present the first simulation of dissolved Nd concentration and Nd isotopic composition in the Mediterranean Sea using a high-resolution model. (copernicus.org)
  • Oxygen concentration in the basement was intermittently deficient during the evaluation, with levels measuring as low as 14% in the crawlspace. (cdc.gov)
  • Reexamination of modern bryozoan isotopic composition shows that skeletons of Adeonellopsis spp. (tamu.edu)
  • By making measurements of the volume, lattice spacing (how far the atoms are apart) and the isotopic composition of the silicon (which types of silicon atoms make up the crystal), the mass of the sphere can be determined and used to define the SI unit of mass. (npl.co.uk)
  • Melosh's argument is that, over the past decade, an increase in precision of isotopic measurements, particularly for oxygen, has shown that the Earth and Moon are indistinguishable form one another at a level of 5 parts per million. (geolsoc.org.uk)
  • 4) constraining and getting a better understanding of the transport mechanisms of cosmic material to Earth, through measurements of the isotopic composition of noble gases in meteoritic material. (lu.se)
  • The mean and seasonal range of δ 18 O carb decreases poleward across about 10° of paleolatitude (~67°S-77°S). The presence of co-occurring dropstones and stratigraphically associated glendonites constrains winter temperatures across the region to near-freezing, thus permitting calculation of realistic estimates of water composition and summer temperatures. (syr.edu)
  • form close to oxygen isotopic equilibrium with their ambient water. (tamu.edu)
  • The Moon lacks a true atmosphere , and the absence of free oxygen and water eliminates erosion due to weather . (wikipedia.org)
  • Evolution Of Water Reservoirs In The Early Solar System Through Their Oxygen Isotopic Composition. (open.ac.uk)
  • Insight into the evolution of the Tagish Lake carbonaceous chondrite by analysis of the oxygen isotopic composition of extracted water and Mössbauer spectroscopy. (open.ac.uk)
  • Origin of water in the inner solar system: the initial isotopic composition of hydrogen finally revealed! (u-psud.fr)
  • The hydrogen isotopic composition of the water of telluric planetary objects is intermediate between that of interstellar water very rich in deuterium and that of hydrogen gas depleted in deuterium by nuclear reactions in stars. (u-psud.fr)
  • For both proteins, the oxygen-17 relaxation depended only very weakly on pD, showing that ionic residues do not perturb hydration water dynamics more than other surface residues. (lu.se)
  • We believe that the present results resolve the long-standing controversy regarding the mechanism behind the spin relaxation dispersion of water nuclei in protein solutions, thus establishing oxygen-17 relaxation as a powerful tool for studies of structurally and functionally important water molecules in proteins and other biomolecules. (lu.se)
  • First, the isotopic compositions of elements like oxygen and titanium are highly diverse in meteorites and hence probably radially variable within the Solar System, providing a kind of fingerprint for where atoms have been derived from. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Founded on the results from the isotopic analysis, the most commonly consumed foods included plant-based such as eggplants, pears, lentils, garlic, and wheat. (researchgate.net)
  • Oxygen isotopic composition is also distinct from that of ureilites. (usra.edu)
  • While it is understood that the extent and intensity of oxygen minimum zones are responsive to climate, the limited suite of viable proxies for low oxygen pelagic environments continues to pose a real barrier for paleoclimate interpretations. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the absence of detailed knowledge about the isotopic composition of a material, or when such details may safely be ignored, the probability distribution assigned to the standard atomic weight intervals may be taken as rectangular (or, uniform). (degruyter.com)
  • Although the oxygen isotopic composition is close to those for a few CV chondrites, an affinity to CV or CK chondrites is excluded on other grounds (notably the relatively small mean chondrule size and absence of Cr-magnetite). (usra.edu)
  • Oxygen isotopic composition (J. Gattacceca, C. Sonzogni, CEREGE ) from analysis of one acid-washed 1.5 mg aliquot of a powdered 118 mg bulk sample is δ 17 O=0.05‰, δ 18 O=1.65‰ , Δ 17 O=-0.81‰ (linearized, slope 0.5247, analytical uncertainties 0.08‰, 0.12‰, 0.03‰ respectively). (usra.edu)
  • Juxtaposing the results of this isotopic analysis with the present-day Egyptians' diet, cognate findings Fig. 11 Present-day kariesh cheese originated in ancient Egypt between 3200 and 332 BC. (researchgate.net)
  • Here we examine the impact of regional hydroclimatic conditions on plant isotopic values in the Godavari River basin, India. (copernicus.org)
  • The presence of phyllosilicates and tochilinite establishes this specimen as a C2 chondrite, yet its oxygen isotopic composition plots far from the established array for CM2 chondrites (to much more 16O-rich compositions) and even further from values for CR2 chondrites. (usra.edu)
  • The isotopic sensitivity, and ability to analyse small particles, makes SIMS the ideal technique for the study of nuclear materials. (environmental-expert.com)
  • Composition of cometary particles collected during two periods of the Rosetta mission: multivariate evaluation of mass spectral data. (mpg.de)
  • Var god och använd en modern webbläsare för att ta del av denna webbplats, som t.ex. (lu.se)
  • Elements known to be present on the lunar surface include, among others, oxygen (O), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminium (Al), manganese (Mn) and titanium (Ti). (wikipedia.org)
  • NIOSH received a technical assistance request in December 2003, from the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) to assist with the investigation of a residence where they found an oxygen-deficient environment in the basement and crawlspace areas. (cdc.gov)
  • However, interpreting isotopic change along continental series depends on our ability to understand its recording, for instance in soils or in mammal teeth. (copernicus.org)
  • On this basis Earth has a composition that is a mix of (say) 90% proto-Earth and 10% Theia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Unless the isotopic compositions of proto-Earth and projectile were nearly identical by some fortuitous coincidence, there should be detectable differences, as argued by Pahlevan and Stevenson 3 . (geolsoc.org.uk)
  • Oxygen limited marine environments, such as oxygen minimum zones, are of profound importance for global nutrient cycling and vertical habitat availability. (frontiersin.org)
  • Despite growing recognition of the importance of low oxygen environments and the ramifications of their expansion, the short duration (decades at most) of ocean oxygen timeseries fundamentally limits the timescales at which oxygen and associated environmental variability can be studied. (frontiersin.org)
  • Multiple causal factors have resulted in this long-term adaptive radiation, but direct links to marine oxygen levels remain poorly characterized. (lu.se)
  • In 2009, the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) introduced the interval notation to express the standard atomic weights of elements whose isotopic composition varies significantly in nature. (degruyter.com)
  • Third, the Moon formed late - isotopic techniques show that the Moon formed more than 30 million years after the Solar System, whereas other Moon-sized objects should form within the first million years or so of the formation of the swirling disk that built our Solar System. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The isotopic composition of each CO 2 molecule determines its mass . (noaa.gov)
  • 2018). Calibration of Na/Ca partitioning in the benthic foraminifer Operculina ammonoides under variable seawater calcium: toward reconstructing Cenozoic seawater composition. (rutgers.edu)
  • The objective of this study is to reveal the isotopic composition of ice and meltwater in glaciated regions of South-Eastern Altai. (mdpi.com)
  • In our study, we use isotopic composition in crocodilian tooth enamel. (copernicus.org)
  • Our study indicates that crocodilian teeth are a relevant archive of environmental change in continental contexts, and calls for further study to strengthen interpretations of isotopic composition in fossil archives. (copernicus.org)
  • When information about the provenance of the material, or other information about the isotopic composition needs to be taken into account, then this distribution may be non-uniform. (degruyter.com)
  • In the case of continental series yielding most of available information on hominid diversification and expansion within and beyond Africa, isotopic information even seems to show discrepancies depending on the archive. (copernicus.org)