Strategies include the rearrangement of pre-existing tissue, the use of adult somatic stem cells and the dedifferentiation and/or transdifferentiation of cells, and more than one mode can operate in different tissues of the same animal. (wikipedia.org)
Unidirectional regeneration in the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis involves the proliferation of adult stem cells residing in the branchial sac vasculature and the migration of progenitor cells to the site of distal injury. (biomedcentral.com)
However, after the Ciona body is bisected, regeneration occurs in the proximal but not in the distal fragments, even if the latter include a part of the branchial sac with stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
siRNA-mediated gene knockdown showed that hsp70 and dnaJb4, but not bag3, are required for progenitor cell targeting and distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Proliferation1
Heat shock treatment of distal body fragments activated hsp70 and dnaJb4 expression indicative of a stress response, induced cell proliferation in branchial sac vasculature cells, and promoted distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues4
After the limb or tail has been autotomized, cells move into action and the tissues will regenerate. (wikipedia.org)
873 During the developmental process, genes are activated that serve to modify the properties of cell as they differentiate into different tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Dedifferentiation of cells means that they lose their tissue-specific characteristics as tissues remodel during the regeneration process. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Response3
Neural cells, for example, express growth-associated proteins, such as GAP-43, tubulin, actin, an array of novel neuropeptides, and cytokines that induce a cellular physiological response to regenerate from the damage. (wikipedia.org)
The stress response is absent from distal fragments, but can be induced by a heat shock, which activates cell division in the branchial sac vasculature and promotes distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
This study demonstrates the importance of a stress response for stem cell activation and regeneration in a basal chordate, which may have implications for understanding the limited regenerative activities in other animals, including vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)
Damage3
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. (wikipedia.org)
Pattern formation in the morphogenesis of an animal is regulated by genetic induction factors that put cells to work after damage has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Stress1
In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Regenerative4
This review will focus on the cardiovascular pathologies correlated to senescence, the effect of aging on the cardiac endogenous resources of stem cells, and the potential strategies of regenerative medicine to be applied to maintain the heart younger and healthier. (hindawi.com)
Single cell RNA-Seq analysis, in situ hybridizations, and antibody staining show specific Fraser complex expression in the basal epidermis during regenerative outgrowth. (bvsalud.org)
We generate a single cell transcriptome dataset to characterize regenerative outgrowth and explore coordinated cell behaviors. (bvsalud.org)
We computationally identify sub-clusters representing most regenerative fin cell lineages, and define markers of osteoblasts, intra- and inter-ray fibroblasts and growth-promoting distal blastema cells. (bvsalud.org)
Vivo2
In vivo delivery of TK-NTR and administration of prodrugs led to the effective killing of both targeted cells and surrounding tumor cells via TK-NTR-mediated conversion of co-delivered prodrugs into active cytotoxic agents. (regenerativemedicine.net)
In vivo evaluation of the bystander effect in mouse models demonstrated that for effective therapy, at least 1% of tumor cells need to be delivered with TK-NTR-encoding MCs. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Cellular3
Neural cells, for example, express growth-associated proteins, such as GAP-43, tubulin, actin, an array of novel neuropeptides, and cytokines that induce a cellular physiological response to regenerate from the damage. (wikipedia.org)
At the molecular level, in fact, a gradual weakening of the cellular processes regulating cardiovascular homeostasis occurs in aging cells. (hindawi.com)
Activation of the cellular senescence genetic program prompts a series of molecular changes, mostly affecting cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM), secretion of growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. (hindawi.com)
Lineage1
Using 3D-live imaging time-lapse microscopy (4D-microscopy), we characterize the cell lineage, MAPK signaling, and the expression of 16 developmental genes in the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea . (biomedcentral.com)
Mitotic3
Atherosclerosis and heart failure are particularly correlated with aging-related cardiovascular senescence, that is, the inability of cells to progress in the mitotic program until completion of cytokinesis. (hindawi.com)
Mitotic cells might undergo senescence by failing to replicate. (hindawi.com)
In these groups, the fertilized eggs divide through a highly stereotypic cleavage pattern where blastomeres at the 4-cell stage cleave with the mitotic spindles oblique to the animal-vegetal axis, alternating direction (clockwise and counterclockwise) at each division cycle, termed the spiral cleavage pattern [ 5 , 6 , 17 - 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Defects1
Although misplaced cell divisions can alter blastomere fates and cause embryonic defects, cleavage patterns have been modified several times during animal evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue4
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. (wikipedia.org)
Dedifferentiation of cells means that they lose their tissue-specific characteristics as tissues remodel during the regeneration process. (wikipedia.org)
This should not be confused with the transdifferentiation of cells which is when they lose their tissue-specific characteristics during the regeneration process, and then re-differentiate to a different kind of cell. (wikipedia.org)
Pathologies, as atherosclerosis, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyopathy, are often linked to the failure of cardiovascular tissue cells to reenter the cell cycle, namely, senescence, due to endogenous or exogenous causes. (hindawi.com)
Regeneration2
Cells in the primordia of zebrafish fins, for example, express four genes from the homeobox msx family during development and regeneration. (wikipedia.org)
Deer antlers are the only known mammalian organ that can completely regenerate once cast from their pedicles, and antler regeneration is a stem cell-based process [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Wound6
Fin injury triggers wound epidermis formation and the dedifferentiation of injury-adjacent mature cells to establish an organized blastema of progenitor cells. (bvsalud.org)
Amputation activates intra-ray fibroblasts and dedifferentiates osteoblasts that migrate under a wound epidermis to establish an organized blastema. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of antler stem cell-conditioned medium (ASC-CM) on cutaneous wound healing in rats. (biomedcentral.com)
Increasing evidence has shown that MSCs induce wound healing more likely to be through the paracrine pathway [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This finding offers a potential to develop a cell-free therapeutic for cutaneous wound healing in the clinic. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to evaluate whether this wound healing promotion from the ASCs was species-specific, we injected this cell type into the model rats with cutaneous wounds and found that the wounds achieved similar healing results to those in deers. (biomedcentral.com)
Sequence2
Cleavage is the sequence of cell divisions that turns a zygote into a multicellular embryo, and plays an essential role in the specification of cell fates before the onset of gastrulation. (biomedcentral.com)
We previously demonstrated that microvesicles can functionally deliver plasmid DNA to cells and showed that plasmid size and sequence, in part, determine the delivery efficiency. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Proteins1
A mechanistic understanding of these coordinated cell behaviors and transitions requires direct knowledge of proteins in their physiological context, including expression, subcellular localization, and activity. (bvsalud.org)
Restore1
Once wounded, their cells become activated and restore the organs back to their pre-existing state. (wikipedia.org)
Significantly1
We demonstrated that MCs can be loaded into shed microvesicles with greater efficiency than their parental plasmid counterparts and that microvesicle-mediated MC delivery led to significantly higher and more prolonged transgene expression in recipient cells than microvesicles loaded with the parental plasmid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Types1
While it is commonly accepted as an aging-related phenomenon, senescence might happen also during the embryonic development with the biological meaning of replacing transient structures or specific cell types with other ones [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Expression1
Microvesicles loaded with MCs encoding a thymidine kinase (TK)/nitroreductase (NTR) fusion protein produced prolonged TK-NTR expression in mammary carcinoma cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Approach1
These results suggest that MC delivery via microvesicles can mediate gene transfer to an extent that enables effective prodrug conversion and tumor cell death such that it comprises a promising approach to cancer therapy. (regenerativemedicine.net)