• The susceptibility of 115 pneumococcal isolates, recovered in a previous study, to six antimicrobials was determined by disk diffusion test. (edu.gh)
  • All S pneumoniae isolates, regardless of the isolation site, should be tested for susceptibility to penicillin and cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. (medscape.com)
  • A probable case of invasive DRSP is defined as either meningitis or bacteremia in which S. pneumoniae cultured from CSF or blood is identified as nonsusceptible by oxacillin screening (i.e., zone size less than or equal to 19 mm) and no further antimicrobial susceptibility testing has been performed. (cdc.gov)
  • Isolates are tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using agar dilution at one of five regional laboratories. (cdc.gov)
  • No Azi-RS isolates exhibited reduced cefixime or ceftriaxone susceptibility (Cfx-RS and Cro-RS, respectively). (cdc.gov)
  • Results 3685 bacterial isolates had susceptibility testing performed over the 12-year period. (bmj.com)
  • In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus (N=211) isolates demonstrated a significant increase in fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility over the 12-year study period. (bmj.com)
  • Available Streptococcus specimens isolated from a brain abscess, epidural empyema, subdural empyema, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid were collected for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing at CDC's Streptococcus reference laboratory to identify microbiological features shared among cases. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to report the in vitro susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from ocular samples in New York, NY from 2010 to 2015. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of these, 358 isolates (65.2%) underwent susceptibility testing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall, Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates showed reduced susceptibility to erythromycin, but were otherwise susceptible to the other antimicrobials tested. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The objective of the study was to describe the frequency of isolation of S. pneumoniae in invasive disease, serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in Paraguay (2010-2018). (bvsalud.org)
  • Comment: Susceptibility of isolates should be considered when determining treatment. (drugs.com)
  • An agar diffusion susceptibility test with disks of levofloxacin and ofloxacin was also applied to all isolates of S. pneumoniae. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Antimicrobial who were seen and 85 923 who were given medication susceptibility profiling of S. pneumoniae has played from January to December 2012. (who.int)
  • These are Staphylococcus aureus ;resistant to methicillin (MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility or resistance to penicillin (PNSP), Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium resistant to vancomycin (VRE), and Enterobacterales (previously Enterobacteriaceae) with ESBL (including AmpC) or ESBL-CARBA. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Owing to pediatric pneumococcal vaccination, however, the prevalence of pneumococcal serotypes not covered by the vaccines (eg, Alloiococcus otitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) are increasingly being isolated in patients with acute otitis media (AOM). (medscape.com)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of nursing home-acquired pneumonia, although Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative organisms may be more common in severe cases. (aafp.org)
  • However, in severe cases of nursing home-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization and mechanical ventilation, the rates of infection with Staphylococcus aureus and enteric gram-negative organisms appear to exceed those of S. pneumoniae . (aafp.org)
  • [ 1 ] Pediatric bacterial brain abscesses, epidural empyemas, and subdural empyemas, rare complications of respiratory infections and sinusitis, are often caused by Streptococcus species but might also be polymicrobial or caused by other genera, such as Staphylococcus . (medscape.com)
  • The most frequently cultured bacterial species was Staphylococcus epidermidis, representing 27% of the isolates. (bmj.com)
  • According to them, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are the most frequently isolated organisms in adult lacrimal sac infections. (bmj.com)
  • Resistance profiles of coccus bacteria to fluoroquinolones were evaluated in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci and Enterococcus spp. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Uncomplicated and complicated skin and skin structure infections, including cellulitis, cutaneous abscesses and ischemic/diabetic foot infections caused by β-lactamase producing isolates of Staphylococcus aureus . (sdrugs.com)
  • Rapid treatment can keep patients from getting sicker, prevent the CDC's AR Lab Network received and tested 23% pathogen from spreading, and slow fewer specimens or isolates in 2020 than in 2019.² the development of resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • All microbiology laboratories in Cambodia were contacted for identification of stored isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniaefrom clinical specimens taken before the introduction of PCV13. (itg.be)
  • Although information from respiratory isolates may be useful, the large number of sputum specimens routinely collected from patients who have pneumonia would likely overwhelm a surveillance system initially. (cdc.gov)
  • For this surveillance, diagnostic laboratories throughout New Zealand refer specimens or bacterial isolates from their patients to ESR's national reference laboratories for strain identification and epidemiological typing. (cri.nz)
  • Patient specimens and bacterial isolates from the communicable diseases and pathogens listed below should be referred routinely by diagnostic laboratories to the relevant ESR laboratory for typing/surveillance purposes (this does not include specimens for diagnostic testing, nor for requests on a fee for test basis). (cri.nz)
  • Please use a test request form (external link) to submit a specimens or bacterial isolate to ESR. (cri.nz)
  • The serotypes of 225 S. pneumoniae strains isolated between 1997 and 2011 were identified with the Quellung reaction and serotype-specific PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study identified the serotypes/subtypes and CCs/STs of group 6 S. pneumoniae present in China. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We set out to identify any new serotypes (serotypes "6E", "6F", and "6G") in serogroup 6 S. pneumoniae in China and to report the population biology of this group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Elita completed her PhD in 2014 investigating the prevalence of serotypes and genotypes of disease-causing Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Singapore over the last 15 years. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Data are scarce on the prevailing Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the Philippines, including the relative antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of these bacteria. (who.int)
  • With the inclusion of PCV13 in the National Immunization Program, continued monitoring of the prevailing serotypes of S. pneumoniae isolates in the Philippines is needed to guide disease and AMR control measures. (who.int)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae poses a serious public At present, more than 94 different pneumococcal health concern because it causes a wide range serotypes have been classified based on the unique poly- of diseases including otitis media, septicaemia, saccharide characteristics and composition expressed meningitis and pneumonia. (who.int)
  • 2 Invasive pneumococcal in the Africa-Eastern Mediterranean region, whereas disease (IPD), defined as infection of normally sterile serotypes 1 and 14 were prevalent in Europe and Latin sites of the body with S. pneumoniae , most frequently America. (who.int)
  • Confirmation of example, serotypes 19F, 14, 23F, 9V and 6B have been identification and AST of isolates were performed using found to be resistant to penicil in and macrolides. (who.int)
  • 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci). (msdmanuals.com)
  • This study is designed to fill that gap by describing the serotype distribution and AMR of S. pneumoniae in the Philippines from 2012 to 2018. (who.int)
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM), and oxacillinase (OXA)-48-like. (floridahealth.gov)
  • All laboratories participating in ELR must report antimicrobial resistance testing results for all Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobater species, Enterococcus species, Enterobacter species, Escherichia coli , Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia species, and S. aureus isolates from normally sterile sites. (floridahealth.gov)
  • Some of the most worrisome antibiotic-resistant bacteria are MDR Enterobacterales , which includes species like E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae . (pids.org)
  • Changes in frequency of NTPn isolates and also genetic changes should be carefully monitored post vaccination , to detect potential vaccine -escape or replacement disease by capsule switched strains , especially in areas where colonization with NTPn has been frequently observed. (bvsalud.org)
  • CEFTIN tablets are indicated for the treatment of adult patients and pediatric patients (13 years and older) with mild-to-moderate pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus pyogenes . (rxlist.com)
  • CEFTIN for oral suspension is indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years with mild-to-moderate pharyngitis / tonsillitis caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus pyogenes . (rxlist.com)
  • The efficacy of CEFTIN in the treatment of penicillin -resistant strains of Streptococcus pyogenes has not been demonstrated in clinical trials. (rxlist.com)
  • The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) was established in 1986 as a sentinel surveillance system to monitor trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities of N. gonorrhoeae strains in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Community-acquired pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae or H. Influenzae (including beta-lactamaseproducing strains). (globalrph.com)
  • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae (non-betalactamase- producing strains only), or M. catarrhalis. (globalrph.com)
  • We studied 793 strains of S. pneumoniae isolated from patients of all ages with invasive disease in Paraguay, from different sentinel centers and collaborators in the framework of meningitis and pneumonia surveillance during the period 2010-2018. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we leverage a longitudinal cohort from 21 neighbouring villages in rural Africa to study how closely related strains of S. pneumoniae are shared among infants. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the leading cause of community-acquired respiratory infections, and is one of the most important human pathogens causing severe invasive infections [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An extensive collection of isolates for some bacterial pathogens are available through the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) Isolate Bank. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical signs and symptoms and physical examination findings alone cannot distinguish S pneumoniae disease from infections caused by other pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • Elita also leads genomics work investigating outbreaks and pathogenicity of other bacterial pathogens including E. coli , K. pneumoniae , methicillin-susceptible S. aureus , S. argenteus , S. pyogenes , S. pneumoniae and C. difficile . (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Pseudomonas was most common organism identified In response to an outbreak, Florida Health requested that all Pseudomonas isolates from the facility involved be sent to BPHL for additional testing. (floridahealth.gov)
  • The two most common organisms with resistance were Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=1204) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=894). (bmj.com)
  • Although it is clear that Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common aetiological agent, there are discrepancies in different studies regarding the true incidence of Gram-negative bacilli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 , 8 - 14 . (ersjournals.com)
  • As her major research programme, Elita is investigating the disease-causing Group B Streptococcus (GBS), where she is using whole genome sequencing, bioinformatic analyses and molecular biology techniques to inform on evolution, mother-to-baby transmission and antimicrobial resistance patterns of this pathogen. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Conclusion Resistance to antibiotics was generally stable for infectious keratitis isolates from a large eye hospital in South India, except for S. aureus , which experienced a significant increase in fluoroquinolone resistance from 2002 to 2013. (bmj.com)
  • Methicillin-resistance decreased in S. aureus isolates (31.3% in 2010, 14.1% in 2015) but was without significant change ( p = 0.25). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 40,000 S. aureus isolates identified from inpatient and outpatient settings in a large children's hospital demonstrated resistance to clindamycin and TMP-SMX increased among outpatient isolates between 2005-2014. (pids.org)
  • The minimal inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin was determined in 270 clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae, 348 of S. aureus, 176 of coagulase negative staphylococci and 123 of coagulase-negative enterococci. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • The minimal inhibitory concentration of levofloxacin was also determined in all isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Because people with isolated congenital asplenia lack these immune functions, they are highly susceptible to bacterial infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • People with isolated congenital asplenia are prone to developing severe, recurrent infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Infections are most often caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Without preventative care and proper treatment, the frequent infections caused by isolated congenital asplenia can be life-threatening. (medlineplus.gov)
  • infections, such as those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae . (cdc.gov)
  • Pneumococcal infections are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, a lancet-shaped, gram-positive, catalase-negative facultative anaerobe commonly referred to as pneumococcus. (medscape.com)
  • A confirmed case of invasive DRSP is defined as either meningitis or bacteremia in which S. pneumoniae cultured from CSF or blood is identified as nonsusceptible (using National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards {NCCLS} methods and breakpoints) to antimicrobial drugs currently approved for treating pneumococcal infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Since World War II many more antibiotics isolated from fungi (molds) and bacteria have been used to treat a wide range of human and animal infections. (icr.org)
  • Discussions with clinicians in multiple states raised concerns about a possible increase in pediatric intracranial infections, particularly those caused by Streptococcus bacteria, during the past year and the possible contributing role of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (medscape.com)
  • Due to the continued use of broad-spectrum oral and systemic antimicrobials to treat ocular infections, findings of this study and other surveillance studies specific to ocular isolates should be used as resources in effective decision making in the treatment of ocular disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is estimated that around a million children less than 5 years old die annually due to invasive infections associated to Streptococcus pneumoniae, even when there are two polysaccharides vaccines in children under 2 years. (univalle.edu.co)
  • Drug resistant S. pneumoniae is considered a serious by the CDC, with an estimated 2 million infections each year. (pids.org)
  • In more than 30% of infections, the isolate will be resistant to one or more clinically useful antibiotics (CDC, Antibiotic Resistance Threat Report , 2019. (pids.org)
  • 2018. Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Streptococcus pneumoniae , 2018. (pids.org)
  • Alpit is a combination product consisting of a penicillin-class antibacterial, piperacillin, and a β-lactamase inhibitor, tazobactam, indicated for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated bacteria in the conditions listed below. (sdrugs.com)
  • S. pneumoniae infection stimulates polymorphonuclear leukocytes (granulocytes) to produce an oxidative burst that is potentially lethal to the bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • We isolated and named this phage, showed that it becomes superinfective to its host during biofilm development, and found that it plays a role in phenotypic diversification of biofilm bacteria. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • Gram positive bacteria were isolated in 79 (62%) samples. (bmj.com)
  • Another study in Korea demonstrated that some serogroup 6 isolates encode distinctive cps (capsular) loci, differing from those of most other serogroup 6 isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, we report the STs of all the serogroup 6 isolates and an association between the STs and antibiotic resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we defined the population biology of serogroup 6 Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in China and their antibiotic resistance profiles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MLST of 20 isolates showing resistance to at least four antimicrobials revealed a high diversity documented by 16 different clones, none of which had previously been associated with multidrug resistance. (edu.gh)
  • summarized evidence that induction of competence in S. pneumoniae is associated with increased resistance to oxidative stress and increased expression of the RecA protein, a key component of the recombinational repair machinery for removing DNA damages. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1] In 1980 it was estimated that 3-5% of S. pneumoniae were penicillin-resistant and by 1998, 34% of the S. pneumoniae sampled were resistant to penicillin.1 Antibiotic resistance by other organisms reflects the same trend observed between S. pneumoniae and penicillin. (icr.org)
  • After the increase in summer 2021, no evidence of higher levels of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mortality, genetic relatedness of isolates from different patients, or increased antimicrobial resistance of isolates was observed. (medscape.com)
  • While many studies have tracked antimicrobial resistance, only a small percentage surveyed ocular isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Resistance to ampicillin and TMP/SMZ was observed in several of the H. influenzae isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the MRSA isolates demonstrated increased resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, this is expected for this pathogen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For levofloxacin and ofloxacin, resistance in S. pneumoniae was found in 1.5% and 8.9% of isolates, respectively. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Resistance to levofloxacin was found in 91.8% of MRSA isolates. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • The ICS System was founded in 1999 as a collaboration between Canada and the US Arctic (Alaska) to strengthen surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease among circumpolar residents who were experiencing a higher incidence of this disease with a large proportion of isolates demonstrating antimicrobial resistance compared to US and Canadian residents living in southern regions Footnote 2 . (canada.ca)
  • We therefore examined the genetic relationship among NTPn and serotype 14 from carriage and invasive pneumococcal isolates obtained from children attending emergency rooms enrolled in a population -based surveillance . (bvsalud.org)
  • Addition of surveillance for respiratory isolates might be considered in the future, depending upon ease of implementing surveillance, available resources, and expected utility. (cdc.gov)
  • To reduce duplicate reporting of isolates from the same episode of clinical illness, isolates from the same patient will not be added to the surveillance database if the specimen submission date is within 10 days of a previous report. (cdc.gov)
  • The AR Lab Network is not a surveillance network and therefore does not represent testing of every isolate in each state. (floridahealth.gov)
  • The nationwide Active Bacterial Core pneumococcal surveillance report from 2018 found that 4.7% of invasive pneumococcal isolates were resistant or intermediate to penicillin and 2.6% were resistant or intermediate to cefotaxime. (pids.org)
  • In 1881, the organism, known later in 1886 as the pneumococcus for its role as a cause of pneumonia, was first isolated simultaneously and independently by the U.S. Army physician George Sternberg and the French chemist Louis Pasteur. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (S pneumoniae), also called pneumococcus, is the most common cause of pneumonia. (adam.com)
  • No salient antibiotic-resistant clones were isolated among the serogroup 6 S. pneumoniae . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The percentage of isolates with elevated cefixime MICs increased during 2009-2010, then decreased during 2012-2013 after treatment recommendations were changed in 2010 to recommend dual therapy (with a cephalosporin and a second antibiotic) and a higher dosage of ceftriaxone. (cdc.gov)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main cause of community acquired pneumonia and meningitis in children and the elderly, and of sepsis in those infected with HIV. (wikipedia.org)
  • For this system, invasive pneumococcal infection refers only to meningitis and bacteremia identified by isolation of S. pneumoniae from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1967 the first penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae was observed in Australia, and seven years later in the U.S. another case of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae was observed in a patient with pneumococcal meningitis. (icr.org)
  • Se estudiaron 793 cepas de S. pneumoniae aisladas de pacientes de todas las edades con enfermedad invasiva en Paraguay, provenientes de los diferentes centros centinelas y colaboradores en el marco de la vigilancia de meningitis y neumonías, durante el periodo 2010-2018. (bvsalud.org)
  • Postpartum endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease caused by β-lactamase producing isolates of Escherichia coli . (sdrugs.com)
  • Therapy may be instituted prior to obtaining the results from bacteriological studies when there is reason to believe the infection may involve both S. pneumoniae (penicillin MIC less than or equal to 2 mcg/mL) and the β-lactamase-producing organisms listed above. (nih.gov)
  • A total of 549 bacterial organisms were isolated from 1664 cultures (33%) during the 6-year study period. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cases with simple stenosis of the lacrimal duct (SSLD) showed significantly less Streptococcus sp (p=0.004) and Gram negative organisms (p=0.004) than those with chronic dacryocystitis. (bmj.com)
  • rt-PCR for confirmation of isolate species and capsular genogrouping. (cdc.gov)
  • Cultures grew Streptococcus milleri and anaerobes (Prevotella species). (medscape.com)
  • Along with scientists from the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), the study takes a closer look at the Streptococcus ​ species and its role in skin health. (cosmeticsdesign-europe.com)
  • A total of 269 (99.6%) isolates of S. pneumoniae were susceptible to moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae alone can be treated with amoxicillin. (nih.gov)
  • Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for oral suspension is not indicated for the treatment of acute otitis media due to S. pneumoniae with penicillin MIC greater than or equal to 4 mcg/mL. (nih.gov)
  • After our recent discovery of a Streptococcus pneumoniae 19A "superbug" (Legacy strain) that is resistant to all Food and Drug Administration-approved antimicrobial drugs for treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, other S. pneumoniae isolates from children with AOM were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (cdc.gov)
  • S. pneumoniae is a common cause of acute otitis media, community-acquired pneumonia, and sinusitis in children. (pids.org)
  • This may have established processes, but some isolates remain untested due also been the case for respiratory to testing backlogs. (cdc.gov)
  • Among 166 identified isolates available for serotyping from patients with pneumococcal disease, 4% were isolated from upper respiratory samples and 80% were from lower respiratory samples, and 16% were invasive isolates. (itg.be)
  • citation needed] Streptococcus pneumoniae resides asymptomatically in healthy carriers typically colonizing the respiratory tract, sinuses, and nasal cavity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The system is not intended to monitor isolates obtained from respiratory secretions. (cdc.gov)
  • As a significant human pathogenic bacterium S. pneumoniae was recognized as a major cause of pneumonia in the late 19th century, and is the subject of many humoral immunity studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • increasing to 92.3%, 91.3% and 87.5%, respectively in methicillin resistant isolates. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • hence, the aim of this study was to determine the antibiogram of S. pneumoniae recovered from Ghanaian children younger than six years of age and to what extent resistances were due to the spread of certain sero- and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) types. (edu.gh)
  • Almost half of the multidrug-resistant isolates grouped into the NTPn cluster. (bvsalud.org)
  • 6 In Quetta, Pakistan, 69% of Salmonella typhi isolated from blood were multidrug resistant. (jabfm.org)
  • All isolated pneumococci were tested for their sensitivity to 11 kinds of antibiotics with the E-test method or disc diffusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Competence in S. pneumoniae is induced by DNA-damaging agents such as mitomycin C, fluoroquinolone antibiotics (norfloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin), and topoisomerase inhibitors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The worldwide prevalence of isolated congenital asplenia is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We have recently found a high prevalence of non-typeable pneumococcal isolates (NTPn) circulating in day-care centers in Central Brazil , besides serotype 14 isolates. (bvsalud.org)
  • To determine the incidence and prevalence of DRSP, the total number of invasive site isolates tested (i.e., denominator data) must be determined. (cdc.gov)
  • It continued to collect isolates throughout 2020 using of seeking care. (cdc.gov)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae can be differentiated from the viridans streptococci, some of which are also alpha-hemolytic, using an optochin test, as S. pneumoniae is optochin-sensitive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overall, 90.4% of isolates were intermediate penicillin resistant, 99.1% were trimethoprim resistant, 73.0% were tetracycline resistant, and 33.9% were sulfamethoxazole resistant. (edu.gh)
  • In S. pneumoniae, at least 23 genes are required for transformation. (wikipedia.org)
  • El objetivo del estudio fue describir la frecuencia de aislamiento de S. pneumoniae en enfermedad invasiva, distribución de serotipos y sensibilidad antimicrobiana en Paraguay (2010-2018). (bvsalud.org)
  • The percentage of isolates resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, penicillin, or all three antimicrobials, was greater in isolates from MSM than from MSW. (cdc.gov)