Beyond reducing testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, 5alpha-reductase enzyme isoforms I and II reduce progesterone to dihydroprogesterone (DHP) and deoxycorticosterone to dihydrodeoxycorticosterone (DHDOC). (wikipedia.org)
This study presents genetic evidence suggesting an important role of both isoforms of 5alpha-reductase in the pathogenesis of PCOS. (bicnirrh.res.in)
SRD5A23
There are three isozymes of 5α-reductase encoded by the genes SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3. (wikipedia.org)
There are three isoenzymes of 5α-reductase: steroid 5α-reductase 1, 2, and 3 (SRD5A1, SRD5A2 and SRD5A3). (wikipedia.org)
The human genome contains two genes encoding different isoforms of 5-alpha reductase: SRD5A1 and SRD5A2. (lab24.pl)
Genes3
Screening the porcine CHORI-242 BAC library with a full-length AKR1C4 cDNA identified 7 positive clones and sample sequencing of 5 BAC clones revealed 5 distinct AKR1C genes ( AKR1CL2 and AKR1C1 through 4 ), which mapped to 126-128 cM on SSC10. (biomedcentral.com)
Using the IMpRH 7000rad and IMNpRH2 12000rad radiation hybrid panels, these 5 genes mapped between microsatellite markers SWR67 and SW2067 . (biomedcentral.com)
In the human, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene family (AKR1C) has been identified near the telomere on chromosome 10p15 that contains at least six aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C genes [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme2
It is formed from testosterone only with the help of a special enzyme - 5-alpha-reductase. (lab24.pl)
An instance of this generalized reaction that 5α-reductase type 2 catalyzes is: dihydrotestosterone + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } testosterone + NADPH + H+ where dihydrotestosterone is the 3-oxo-5α-steroid, NADP+ is the acceptor and testosterone is the 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and NADPH the reduced acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
5α-Reductase is most known for converting testosterone, the male sex hormone, into the more potent dihydrotestosterone: Testosterone Dihydrotestosterone The major difference is the Δ4,5 double-bond on the A (leftmost) ring. (wikipedia.org)
In case of men up to 70% of DHT is formed in peripheral tissues from free testosterone under the action of 5-alpha-reductase, the rest - directly in the testicles. (lab24.pl)
For example, DHT stimulates the proliferation of prostate cells much more strongly than testosterone, which is one of the main reasons for the development of prostate hyperplasia (which is why 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are currently successfully used to treat it). (lab24.pl)
A decrease in the secretion of DHT, associated with insufficient synthesis of both testosterone (for example, in hypogonadism) and 5-alpha-reductase, leads to disorders of sexual development in boys: to the absence of hair on the face, pubic hair, under the armpits, to reduced sizes of the genitals penis and testicles, anomalies of the structure of the penis, insufficient muscle mass. (lab24.pl)
Converts testosterone (T) into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3-oxosteroids. (bicnirrh.res.in)
A decline in intratesticular testosterone levels has been highlighted in vitro in 35- to 49-day cultures of 5 d pp mouse testes, i.e. after the end of the first wave of spermatogenesis ( 9 ). (elifesciences.org)
Androgens2
Morris syndrome (one of the forms of testicular feminization), which develops due to insensitivity to androgens, congenital disorder of 5-alpha-reductase synthesis. (lab24.pl)
Aldo-keto reductases interconvert weak androgens, estrogens, progestins, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids to their more potent counterparts by catalyzing the reduction and oxidation of keto- and hydroxysteroids, respectively, thereby regulating a wide range of physiological processes involved in development, homeostasis and reproduction [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene1
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for age of puberty, nipple number and ovulation rate have been identified in Meishan crosses on pig chromosome 10q (SSC10) near the telomere, which is homologous to human chromosome 10p15 and contains an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene cluster with at least six family members. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues1
It has been previously shown that supplementing organotypic culture media with retinol improves the in vitro production of spermatids and spermatozoa in prepubertal mouse testicular tissues cultured at a gas-liquid interphase ( 5 , 7 ). (elifesciences.org)
Prostate3
5α-R1 is expressed mainly in the epithelium and 5α-R2 the stroma of the fetal prostate. (wikipedia.org)
5α-R1 and 5α-R2 appear to be expressed in the prostate in male fetuses and throughout postnatal life. (wikipedia.org)
Role1
Outside of dihydrotestosterone, much of the physiological role of 5α-reduced steroids is unknown. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
One of the QTL regions is located on the long arm of pig chromosome 10 (SSC10q) near the telomere, which is homologous to human chromosome 10p15 [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Epidermal1
Also, gene expression signatures of phenoxbenzamine were consistent with several agents in each case that were known to suppress tumor proliferation, notably, protein kinase C inhibitors, Heat Shock Protein inhibitors, epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, and glycogen synthase kinase inhibitors. (fortuneonline.org)
Kinase1
14. Chrysophanic acid reduces testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by suppressing 5α-reductase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. (nih.gov)
Androgen1
3. NF-κB and androgen receptor variant 7 induce expression of SRD5A isoforms and confer 5ARI resistance. (nih.gov)
Histone2
Searches in CLUE also confirmed the earlier observations of strong similarities between gene expression signatures of phenoxybenzamine and several histone deacetylase inhibitors. (fortuneonline.org)
Gene expression signatures for PBZ on the CMap platform showed appreciable similarity to classical histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. (fortuneonline.org)
Dihydrotestosterone3
An instance of this generalized reaction that 5α-reductase type 2 catalyzes is: dihydrotestosterone + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } testosterone + NADPH + H+ where dihydrotestosterone is the 3-oxo-5α-steroid, NADP+ is the acceptor and testosterone is the 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and NADPH the reduced acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
Outside of dihydrotestosterone, much of the physiological role of 5α-reduced steroids is unknown. (wikipedia.org)
5α-Reductase is most known for converting testosterone, the male sex hormone, into the more potent dihydrotestosterone: Testosterone Dihydrotestosterone The major difference is the Δ4,5 double-bond on the A (leftmost) ring. (wikipedia.org)
Expression1
Hepatic expression of both 5α-R1 and 2 is immediate, but disappears in the skin and scalp at month 18. (wikipedia.org)
Products1
5α-Reductases catalyze the following generalized chemical reaction: a 3-oxo-5α-steroid + acceptor ⇌ a 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid + reduced acceptor Where a 3-oxo-5α-steroid and acceptor are substrates, and a corresponding 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and the reduced acceptor are products. (wikipedia.org)
Skin2
5α-R1 is expressed in fetal scalp and nongenital skin of the back, anywhere from 5 to 50 times less than in the adult. (wikipedia.org)
Then, at puberty, only 5α-R2 is reexpressed in the skin and scalp. (wikipedia.org)
Present1
5α-dihydrocortisol is present in the aqueous humor of the eye, is synthesized in the lens, and might help make the aqueous humor itself. (wikipedia.org)
Effects1
these effects on histones have a "therapeutic" value in the application of oncolytic cancer therapy that is herpes-based [5-7]. (fortuneonline.org)