AnesthesiaMinimum alveolar concentration of iVolatileNeuronsPostoperativeRatsSevofluraneNitrous oxideFentanylSynaptic TransmissionIntraoperativeConcentrationsInhibitoryHypotensiveAnestheticsHalothaneExposureNeurotransmissionWidelyExcitatoryPigletsAnaesthesiaAcuteIntravenousOxygenRemifentanilIncidencePropofolElectrical stimulationInfusionReductionAnalgesicEvaluationAirwayMethodsCardiacGroupLevelsAbdominalStudyMiceIndividualEffectFoundPreviouslyBackground
Anesthesia11
- While halothane was the mainstay of inhalant anesthesia in these studies, isoflurane is now probably the most commonly administered inhalant. (vin.com)
- Only isoflurane anesthesia significantly reduced brain damage. (bvsalud.org)
- Anesthesia was maintained using a "balanced" technique consisting of isoflurane (MAC range 0.6 to 1.6) and fentanyl (up to 20 mcg/kg). (ispub.com)
- At the conclusion of CPB, maintenance anesthesia for patients in both groups involved the "balanced" technique of isoflurane and fentanyl. (ispub.com)
- Isoflurane anesthesia produces cardiovascular and respiratory depression, although the specific mechanisms are not fully understood. (silverchair.com)
- There was no significant difference in the duration of surgery and anesthesia, but the consumption of crystalloids, volatile anesthetics, and opioids was significantly lower in the restrictive group, compared with the low and high liberal groups. (dovepress.com)
- However, isoflurane anesthesia system also allows even up to 4 hour dynamic imaging. (tcdm.fi)
- Jackson Laboratories] were prepared for acute experiments by inducing surgical levels of anesthesia with 2-3% isoflurane in 100% oxygen. (jneurosci.org)
- However, it has not been reported if H 2 S can reduce anesthesia-induced apoptosis and cognitive defects. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the GA group, anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide. (bmj.com)
- The present paper presents results from the first part of the study, in which the nociceptive response of piglets to castration under isoflurane anesthesia was investigated. (uni-muenchen.de)
Minimum alveolar concentration of i1
- To measure the change in the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (EtISO) associated with epidural nalbuphine and the postoperative analgesic requirements in dogs after ovariohysterectomy. (scielo.br)
Volatile5
- We have examined the short-term effects of three volatile anaesthetics, halothane, isoflurane and desflurane, on mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus in vivo. (lu.se)
- The volatile anesthetic isoflurane differentially inhibits glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis by reducing presynaptic Ca 2+ influx without affecting the Ca 2+ -exocytosis relationship, but its effects on dopaminergic exocytosis are unclear. (eneuro.org)
- Isoflurane, a widely used volatile anesthetic, inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels and differentially inhibits synaptic vesicle exocytosis depending on neurotransmitter phenotype. (eneuro.org)
- Volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane modulate synaptic and extrasynaptic neurotransmission through multiple postsynaptic targets, primarily by potentiating inhibitory GABA A receptors and depressing excitatory glutamatergic transmission via ionotropic glutamate receptors ( Rudolph and Antkowiak, 2004 ). (eneuro.org)
- By choosing inhaled sedation with AnaConDa, the patient can be sedated with volatile drugs (such as isoflurane) that allow for deep, safe and effective sedation, and also release syringe pump capacity which has become a shortage in intensive care during the pandemic. (cision.com)
Neurons8
- In second-order NTS neurons, isoflurane enhances phasic inhibitory transmission via postsynaptic gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors while suppressing excitatory transmission through presynaptic mechanisms. (silverchair.com)
- We tested the hypothesis that isoflurane inhibits exocytosis in dopaminergic neurons. (eneuro.org)
- Thus, isoflurane inhibits exocytosis from dopaminergic neurons by a mechanism distinct from that in non-dopaminergic neurons involving reduced Ca 2+ entry through Ca V 2.1 and/or Ca V 2.2. (eneuro.org)
- Here, we show that in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area isoflurane acts via a sodium channel-independent mechanism to inhibit synaptic vesicle exocytosis in proportion to reduced presynaptic Ca 2+ flux mediated by Ca V 2.1 and/or Ca V 2.2, in contrast to its effects in non-dopaminergic neurons. (eneuro.org)
- These findings provide a synaptic mechanism for the observed role of reduced dopamine release in anesthetic-induced unconsciousness and implicate presynaptic Ca 2+ channels of dopaminergic neurons as important targets of isoflurane. (eneuro.org)
- Our results demonstrate that the amplitude of spontaneous miniature and evoked EPSCs in nTS neurons is significantly increased in Mecp2 -null mice and, accordingly, that mutant cells are more likely than wild- type cells to fire action potentials in response to primary afferent stimulation. (jneurosci.org)
- The present study demonstrates that nTS relay neurons in Mecp2 -null mice exhibit significantly larger EPSCs, and are more likely to fire action potentials in response to afferent stimulation, than in wild-type controls. (jneurosci.org)
- We found that hypomyelination reduces inhibitory connections to L2/3 neurons without affecting excitatory inputs, thus altering excitatory/inhibitory balance. (biorxiv.org)
Postoperative4
- Epidural nalbuphine significantly reduces the intra-operative isoflurane requirement and provides prolonged postoperative analgesia after ovariohysterectomy in dogs. (scielo.br)
- A comparison of extradural and intravenous methadone on intraoperative isoflurane and postoperative analgesia requirements in dogs. (scielo.br)
- Conclusion Postoperative pain after lower abdominal surgery can be significantly decreased if the surgery is performed with use of SA. (bmj.com)
- Conclusions Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery may reduce the incidence of postoperative AKI. (medscape.com)
Rats12
- Thirty minutes later, rats were injected with midazolam alone or in combination with different AEDs (lorazepam, valproic acid, phenytoin) or neuroprotective drugs (losartan, isoflurane). (bvsalud.org)
- Isoflurane-anesthetized LCR and HCR rats either underwent aseptic trauma involving tibial fracture (surgery) or not (sham). (duke.edu)
- LPS-stimulated TNF-α production could not be inhibited by an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, whereas inhibition by the β(2) adrenergic agonist, salmeterol, was significantly less (-35%) than that obtained in HCR rats. (duke.edu)
- METHODS: Young (2-month-old) and old (24-month-old) Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to splenectomy under isoflurane anaesthesia. (imperial.ac.uk)
- In this study, postnatal day 7 (P7) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (normal saline), H 2 S group (NaHS 28 μM/kg), isoflurane group (normal saline +0.75% isoflurane) and H 2 S preconditioning group (NaHS 28 μM/kg + 0.75% isoflurane). (biomedcentral.com)
- After exposure to isoflurane for 6 h, half the numbers of rats in each group were euthanized, and the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were dissected and examined for apoptosis by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) technique and western blot. (biomedcentral.com)
- The TUNEL assay and western blot showed that when rats were preconditioned with NaHS, neuroapoptosis decreased significantly both in hippocampus and cerebral cortex compering with the isofulrane group. (biomedcentral.com)
- The MWM showed that P7 rats administration of NaHS improved cognitive impairments induced by isoflurane. (biomedcentral.com)
- The results demonstrated that Vitexin pretreatment significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited caspase‑3 activity, apoptosis regulator BAX protein expression and malondialdehyde levels in sevoflurane‑induced newborn rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Together, the results of the current study suggest that the protective effect of vitexin reduces sevoflurane‑induced neuronal apoptosis through HIF‑1α‑, VEGF‑ and p38‑associated signaling pathways in newborn rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Recent studies have shown that the exposure to clinically relevant doses of narcotic drugs, such as isoflurane and sevoflurane, leads to neurological disorders in rats and mice ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Briefly, rats were anesthetized with isoflurane and mechanically ventilated with oxygen-balanced vaporized isoflurane. (elsevierpure.com)
Sevoflurane2
- We investigated the effects of halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on postischemic adhesion of human PMNs in the intact coronary system of isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. (silverchair.com)
- Halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, each at 1 and 2 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC), were vaporized in the gas mixture and applied from 14 min before ischemia until the end of the experiment. (silverchair.com)
Nitrous oxide1
- Anaesthesia was induced with morphine, propofol and vecuronium and maintained by isoflurane with 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen. (bvsalud.org)
Fentanyl5
- Fentanyl decreases the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhaled anaesthetics and has been used clinically to reduce the requirements of other anaesthetic drugs in humans and small animals. (uky.edu)
- We hypothesized that i.v. fentanyl would decrease the MAC of isoflurane in horses in a dose-dependent manner. (uky.edu)
- Following determination of baseline MAC of isoflurane, fentanyl was administered i.v. to target plasma concentrations of 1, 8 and 16 ng ml -1 . (uky.edu)
- Isoflurane MAC determination began 45 min after fentanyl administration at each target fentanyl concentration. (uky.edu)
- The fentanyl concentrations of 0.72 and 8.43 ng ml -1 did not significantly alter the MAC of isoflurane, but an 18 (7)% ISO-MAC reduction was observed at the 13.31 ng ml -1 concentration. (uky.edu)
Synaptic Transmission2
- These pathological changes were accompanied with the significantly decreased excitatory synaptic transmission, disturbed theta oscillations, impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation, and cognitive impairments. (imperial.ac.uk)
- We then focused on nTS, one of the medullary cell groups exhibiting the largest decline in BDNF levels in the mutants, as a model to examine the effect of reduced BDNF availability on synaptic transmission in Mecp2 -null mice. (jneurosci.org)
Intraoperative1
- Therefore, the degree to which it reduces intraoperative pain intensity remains unclear. (researchgate.net)
Concentrations2
- Perfusion bath samples were taken in each experiment to measure isoflurane concentrations by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (silverchair.com)
- At greater than 300 mum isoflurane, the amplitude of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents was decreased, but the frequency of events remained unaffected, whereas at equivalent isoflurane concentrations, the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents was decreased. (silverchair.com)
Inhibitory2
- ST-evoked and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents as well as miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents were measured during isoflurane exposure. (silverchair.com)
- Isoflurane dose-dependently increased the decay-time constant of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents. (silverchair.com)
Hypotensive1
- Neuroleptics and isoflurane: increased hypotensive effect of dihydropyridine derivatives. (pharmru.com)
Anesthetics1
- Isoflurane and other inhaled anesthetics are widely used on children for various types of surgeries. (biomedcentral.com)
Halothane3
- Epidural morphine reduces halothane MAC in the dog. (scielo.br)
- Administration of 1.0 MAC of halothane, isoflurane or desflurane caused a temporary increase in mucociliary activity, with mean peak responses of 47.8 (SEM 13.0)%, 44.0 (9.6)% and 45.1 (23.7)% (n = 6), respectively. (lu.se)
- The second peak at 3-5 min was less pronounced for halothane than for isoflurane or desflurane. (lu.se)
Exposure2
- 05). Exposure to 1 and 2 MAC isoflurane was similarly effective, whereas basal adhesion was not significantly influenced. (silverchair.com)
- In this study we investigated if NaHS (a H 2 S donor) could reduce neuronal injury and improve learning and memory caused by exposure to isoflurane at an early age. (biomedcentral.com)
Neurotransmission1
- These results suggest that isoflurane acts through multiple distinct mechanisms to inhibit neurotransmission within the NTS, which would underlie suppression of homeostatic reflexes. (silverchair.com)
Widely1
- ISOFLURANE is a widely used general anesthetic that is well suited for rapid induction and recovery because of its pharmacokinetic properties and relative level of safety. (silverchair.com)
Excitatory1
- Isoflurane at greater than 300 mum increased the latency to onset and rate of synaptic failures of ST-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents. (silverchair.com)
Piglets1
- The effects of stress on the gut microbiome projected into later life, following weaning, whereby piglets of the low stress group were seen to have significantly higher levels of Prevotella NK3B31 and Helicobacter and piglets of the high stress group harboured higher levels of Faecalbacterium and Megasphaera. (ucc.ie)
Anaesthesia1
- Under isoflurane anaesthesia, high-spatial resolution structural MRI (7 Tesla) relaxometry was used to measure the T1, T2 and T2* signal relaxation time constants, thus allowing assessment of both gross (volumetric based) and subtle (lesion based) neuronal changes in response to sustained infusion of sumatriptan. (europa.eu)
Acute1
- We show that acute treatment with isoflurane, but not AEDs, reduces brain damage following SE. (bvsalud.org)
Intravenous1
- 2 , 3 Traditional fluid therapy consists of significantly higher doses of intravenous fluids than the clinical losses that occur because of tissue trauma or surgery. (dovepress.com)
Oxygen1
- The aims of premedication are to minimize myocardial oxygen demands by reducing heart rate and systemic arterial pressure and to improve myocardial blood flow with vasodilators. (medscape.com)
Remifentanil1
- Comparative study of emergence agitation between isoflurane with isoflurane-remifentanil infusion in. (ac.ir)
Incidence1
- Significantly lower incidence of left ventricle (LV) free wall rupture was noted between 3rd and 5th day after MI in Hmox1 −/− mice resulting in their better overall survival. (springer.com)
Propofol2
- In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that propofol independently reduces migration of cancer cells and metastasis. (ekja.org)
- This retrospective study provides the possibility that propofol-based TIVA for breast cancer surgery can reduce the risk of recurrence during the initial 5 years after MRM. (ekja.org)
Electrical stimulation1
- Single dose of systemic 4-AP and local (4-AP)-PLGA-PEG treatment with crush injury significantly restored muscle responses to electrical stimulation after 30 minutes of administration. (elsevierpure.com)
Infusion1
- We found that on day 6 of sumatriptan infusion, the cerebral blood flow in the grey matter structures was significantly reduced when compared to control animals. (europa.eu)
Reduction1
- Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of adding remifentanilinfusion to Isoflurane and reducing the concentration of Isoflurane on the reduction of agitation recovery in children undergoing Adenotonsillectomy.Material and Methods: In a clinical trial study, 86 patients who candidate for Adenotonsillectomy were selected and randomly divided in two groups. (ac.ir)
Analgesic1
- In 2000, WHO proposed that medical institutions should provide various labor analgesic services for parturient women to reduce labor pain as much as possible. (scirp.org)
Evaluation1
- Due to its significantly decreased turbulence artifacts, streamlined evaluation with automatic algorithms is permitted. (news-medical.net)
Airway1
- The exaggerated responses of patients with airway disease have been ascribed to numerous factors like reduced resting airway caliber, presence of mucosal edema and inflammation and the volume of airway secretions. (isanagpur.org)
Methods2
- Major advantage of PET is that the imaging procedure can be repeatedly performed, which significantly reduces the numbers of animals required for a study as compared with methods applying ex vivo measurements. (tcdm.fi)
- Labor analgesia, as its name implies, is the use of various methods to reduce or even eliminate the pain during labor. (scirp.org)
Cardiac2
- Splenectomy decreased the numbers of circulating inflammatory Ly6C hi monocytes in blood, reduced the numbers of proinflammatory cardiac macrophages and significantly improved the post-MI LV function in Hmox1 −/− mice. (springer.com)
- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to improve quality of life and reduce cardiac-related mortality. (medscape.com)
Group1
- Results The pain score at rest was significantly lower in the SA group than in the GA group 6-24 hours after surgery. (bmj.com)
Levels1
- To approach these issues, we analyzed synaptic function in the brainstem nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS), the principal site for integration of primary visceral afferent inputs to central autonomic pathways and a region in which we found markedly reduced levels of BDNF in Mecp2 mutants. (jneurosci.org)
Abdominal1
- PS into the bladder or TNBS into the colon significantly increased the visceromotor response to CRD and abdominal withdrawal reflexes to suprapubic stimulation and decreased bladder and colon TEER. (aspetjournals.org)
Study1
- The current study demonstrates that H 2 S attenuates isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis and improves cognitive impairments in the developing rat brain. (biomedcentral.com)
Mice1
- Myocyte-restricted Hmox1 transgenic mice exposed to MI exhibited significantly improved survival and LV function, lower interstitial fibrosis and oxidative stress. (springer.com)
Individual1
- Using a noxious interdigital pinch, the individual isoflurane dosage was determined in each animal individually, to reach anesthetic stage III.1 (according to Guedel), the stage of hypnosis. (uni-muenchen.de)
Effect1
- Calcium can reduce the effect of BCCI. (pharmru.com)
Found1
- SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A monoclonal antibody against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was found to reduce concomitant colonic and bladder hypersensitivity and hyperpermeability. (aspetjournals.org)
Previously1
- Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis and cognitive impairment has been previously reported. (biomedcentral.com)
Background1
- Background and Objectives Attempts to reduce central sensitization after tissue injury have led to the concept of preemptive analgesia. (bmj.com)