Ischemic and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Medical search. Frequent questions

Common illnesses requiring neurocritical care include ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, coma, and status epilepticus. (wikipedia.org)

Together, prematurity and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) account for 50% of global mortality and significant neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors. (atlasofscience.org)
After the savage beating, they arrived at the hospital with Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and cerebral edema, possibly from Anoxia Endotracheal. (aa.law)

The drug has an organ-specific multimodal effect on the brain, i.e. provides metabolic regulation, neuroprotection, functional neuromodulation and neurotrophic activity. (pilloid.com)
Transcranial near-infrared laser therapy (TLT) also known as NILT is a powerful non-invasive method to promote neuroprotection and repair of the damaged brain. (atlasofscience.org)

In pursuit of this, I used two different experimental set-ups of experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) in rats, and spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice for in vivo studies. (rwth-aachen.de)

Editorial: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: Mechanisms, pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic strategies. (ucsf.edu)

NINDS ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPLEMENTS FOR COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ON BRAIN TRAUMA RELEASE DATE: June 17, 2003 NOTICE: NOT-NS-03-019 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) ( http://www.ninds.nih.gov ) The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) announces an administrative supplement program to facilitate collaborative research on the mechanisms of damage and recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). (nih.gov)
The program is intended to facilitate collaboration between investigators with ongoing, peer-reviewed projects that address TBI with investigators with primary research interests in neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders, ischemic brain injury, brain damage after global ischemia, trauma to the spinal cord, or brain injury that results from exposure to environmental toxins or drugs of abuse. (nih.gov)
Data are beginning to accumulate from various projects on brain disorders indicating that common mechanisms of damage or approaches to treatment exist. (nih.gov)
In addition, expression of genes and/or proteins that change during development or aging may be mimicked in models of neurodegenerative disorders or after ischemic or traumatic injury. (nih.gov)
New strategies for intervention may emerge if we encourage collaborations among researchers across disciplines of induced injury, degeneration, and developmental disorders. (nih.gov)
Nerve Root Injury and Plexus Disorders (incl. (sharecare.com)
In Malta he established the Laboratory for the Study of Neurological Disorders that is centred around the study of mechanisms of injury and recovery after Stroke with special emphasis towards combined optical in vivo imaging techniques and electrophysiology. (edu.mt)
Parkinson's disease (PD) belongs to a group of conditions called motor system disorders, which are the result of the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. (rochester.edu)
Genetic brain disorders , which are caused by changes in genes (also called variants or mutations). (medlineplus.gov)
These disorders can affect the development and function of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)

Injury volume extracted from MRI predicts neurologic outcome in acute spinal cord injury: A prospective TRACK-SCI pilot study. (ucsf.edu)

Human spinal cord cell atlas provides foundation to study neurodegeneration, chronic pain, and other diseases. (nih.gov)
Chronic lesions with inflamed rims, or “smoldering” plaques, in the brains of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been linked to more aggressive and disabling forms of the disease. (nih.gov)
Also known as regenerative medicine, it is the most recent and emerging branch of medical science, that deals with functional restoration at the cellular level in patients suffering from severe injuries or chronic conditions. (theholisticsanctuary.com)
2009). This chapter will refer to primary or acute effects as those effects that begin within the first minutes after injury, secondary or subacute effects as those that arise over the next 24 hours after injury, and long-term or chronic effects as those that are associated with the insult but occur at a later time. (nationalacademies.org)

It's part of your nervous system, which also includes your spinal cord and peripheral nerves. (medlineplus.gov)
Occasionally, balance concerns are caused by issues with your central nervous system, including your brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)

This is called spinal stenosis. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)
Typically, spinal stenosis or degeneration occurs slowly over time. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)

A transient ischemic attack (TIA), often called a mini-stroke, which deprives the brain of oxygen for anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes. (spinalcord.com)
Central axons preparing for myelination are highly sensitivity to ischemic injury due to the transient expression of Ca2+ channels (2012). (edu.mt)
A stroke or "mini stroke," also known as a transient ischemic attack, or TIA, can lead to an abrupt loss of balance, weakness on one side or speech problems. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)

15. Advanced oxidation protein products induce microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via MAPKs-NF-κB signaling pathway and pyroptosis after secondary spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
The particular aim of this review is to summarise current knowledge and understanding of complement activation in the injured CNS, specifically in relation to post-traumatic neuroinflammatory events and associated secondary damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Secondary injury in spinal cord injury has been postulated to be due to an inflammatory response propagated by excessive ATP release in surrounding traumatic areas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
In order to study the effects of connexins on ATP release secondary to spinal cord injury, the authors utilized astrocytes lacking Cx43. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
This work suggests that Cx43 plays an important role in secondary inflammatory responses after spinal cord injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
In order to clarify the function of pitavastatin in secondary spinal cord injuries, we tested the effect of pitavastatin (50 mg/kg) in mouse spinal cord injury. (alliedacademies.org)
The treatment of pitavastatin in injuries of the acute spinal cord in vivo experiments showed anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorated secondary spinal cord injury. (alliedacademies.org)
Secondary damage spreads from the site of the primary injury, and includes apoptosis/further cell death, demyelination and axonal degeneration. (alliedacademies.org)
Prognostic value of secondary insults in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study. (nih.gov)
Enhanced vulnerability to secondary ischemic insults after experimental traumatic brain injury. (nih.gov)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by both the primary damage resulting from physical disruption of neural and vascular structures and the early emergence of secondary pathogenic events, which collectively contribute to neurologic deficits (Andriessen et al. (nationalacademies.org)

Other drugs, such as bromocriptine, pramipexole, and ropinirole, mimic the role of dopamine in the brain, causing the neurons to react as they would to dopamine. (rochester.edu)
These findings demonstrated that BDNF- and Dlx2-modified NSCs differentiated into GABAergic neurons, integrated into and reconstituted the host neural networks, and alleviated the ischemic injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), widely expressed in the nervous system, can promote the survival of neurons [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In vitro investigations of the effects of nonfreezing low temperatures on lesioned and uninjured mammalian spinal neurons. (neuraxismed.com)

3. Deficiency of the microglial Hv1 proton channel attenuates neuronal pyroptosis and inhibits inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
7. NIMA-related kinase 7 amplifies NLRP3 inflammasome pro-inflammatory signaling in microglia/macrophages and mice models of spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
Recent studies have shown that statins can produce anti-inflammatory effects in acute models of injuries in the spinal cord. (alliedacademies.org)

20. P2X7 Receptor (P2X7R) of Microglia Mediates Neuroinflammation by Regulating (NOD)-Like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) Inflammasome-Dependent Inflammation After Spinal Cord Injury. (nih.gov)
Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) elicits a complex series of pathophysiological events, including ischaemia, excitotoxicity and inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
With future research, Cx43 may be able to be targeted with an inhibitor and a neuroprotective treatment could be utilized in humans to minimize post-traumatic inflammation. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Of all the above injuries, inflammation plays the most important role. (alliedacademies.org)
The main purpose of this study is to examine whether pitavastatin has the ability to make the spinal cord immune from oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in mice once traumatic experiments on SCI have been conducted. (alliedacademies.org)
Encephalitis (inflammation in the brain), which can lead to problems such as vision loss , weakness, and paralysis . (medlineplus.gov)
Not only miRNAs displayed a systemic alteration, additionally inflammation-related mRNAs such as Nlrp3, Socs1, Socs3 and Vegfa displayed upregulations in all brain and body regions following tMCAo, suggesting that the systemic alterations could be connected to immune responses. (rwth-aachen.de)
Clinical neurologic and psychiatric manifestations and associated markers of inflammation, neuroimaging, and brain autopsy studies will be discussed. (nih.gov)

Several NICHD and organizational units support research and other activities related to SCIs and spinal cord development. (nih.gov)
These methods will assist not only in studying normal patterns of development, but also in evaluating and studying SCIs and spinal cord diseases. (nih.gov)

His Ph.D study involved the investigation of the haemodynamic and cellular mechanisms of ischemic brain damage caused by strokes. (edu.mt)
Strokes , which can cause a loss of brain cells and can affect your ability to think clearly. (medlineplus.gov)

Early Loss of Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity Precedes NOX2 Elevation in the Prefrontal Cortex of an Animal Model of Psychosis (2016). (edu.mt)
The Center for Injury Research and Policy of the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital published research about children getting injured from strollers and carriers in Academic Pediatrics in August 2016. (atlasofscience.org)

A traumatic injury, such as a concussion or stroke, could cause you to feel off balance. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)
and mild or concussion TBI, including recurrent injuries (Dash et al. (nationalacademies.org)

To model 12-month rehospitalization risk among Medicare beneficiaries receiving inpatient rehabilitation for spinal cord injury (SCI) or traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to create 2 (SCI- and TBI-specific) interactive tools enabling users to generate monthly projected probabilities of rehospitalization on the basis of an individual patient's clinical profile at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. (nih.gov)
A retrospective chart review included 52 individuals with an acute ischemic stroke admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility. (biomedcentral.com)
This preliminary evidence supports the benefit of using DBWS during inpatient rehabilitation in individuals who have experienced an acute ischemic stroke. (biomedcentral.com)

Alterations in brain lipid metabolism associated with the APOE4 genotype may emerge early, possibly preceding amyloid plaques ( Apr 2023 conference news ). (alzforum.org)

The NIH Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) has unveiled an atlas of cell types and an anatomical neuronal wiring diagram for the mammalian primary motor cortex, derived from detailed studies of mice, monkeys, and humans. (nih.gov)
14. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to attenuate spinal cord injury in mice. (nih.gov)
Mice lacking these connexins show greater functional recovery following spinal cord injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
ATP levels were detected and measured in both control and CX43 knockout (KO) mice after spinal cord injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
They found that Cx43 KO mice exhibited improved preservation of spinal cord conduction than CX43 WT mice after spinal cord injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
The mice were grouped into control group, sham operation group, injury group, methylprednisolone group and pitavastatin group. (alliedacademies.org)
We conducted T5-8 laminectomy to mice, then used aneurysms clip at the T6-7 level for epidural compression as our spinal cord injury model. (alliedacademies.org)

A crash victim may develop post-traumatic stress after a life-threatening accident and require counseling. (attorneync.com)

A study funded by the National Institutes of Health found that biomarkers present in the blood on the day of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can accurately predict a patient’s risk of death or severe disability six months later. (nih.gov)
Dr. Aarabi treats patients with severe, traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries at the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center. (umaryland.edu)
She had sustained a complex Y-shaped fracture of the occipital bone of her skull, discrete areas of subdural bleeding all over her brain, severe hypoxic-ischaemic damage to her brain, extensive bleeding throughout her eyes, bilateral macular folds, swelling to her spinal cord, axonal damage to her brain and spine, and bleeding the length of her spine. (leicestermercury.co.uk)
The doctors gave examples of the sort of accidental event necessary to cause such severe injuries in a young child. (leicestermercury.co.uk)
Your story provided neither an explanation as to why her eyes might have rolled back into her head, nor an explanation for the other severe injuries. (leicestermercury.co.uk)

Towards the development of an outcome instrument for spinal trauma: an international survey of spinal surgeons. (umaryland.edu)
Head trauma inside of the womb or physical trauma during birth can cause infant brain damage . (monheit.com)
Traumatic injury of peripheral nerve accounts for about 3-5% of limb trauma, but if not diagnosed it can be associated with negative outcomes, especially in major trauma, with economic and social damage when working-age subjects are involved. (atlasofscience.org)
Emergency room doctors do not always identify the full extent of a car crash victim's injuries when providing trauma care after a collision. (attorneync.com)
As a study in the Journal of the National Medical Association explains , "The most common cause of death following trauma (personal injury) is sepsis. (attorneync.com)
Another piece of research, entitled " Early predictors of sepsis in the motor vehicle crash trauma victim ," cited major blood vessel injury, head injury, internal injury of the chest or abdomen, spinal cord injury, certain fracture types and having seven or more injuries as predictors of sepsis. (attorneync.com)
Suffering an injury to the head or neck increases ischemic stroke risk three-fold among trauma patients younger than 50," according to research presented at the American Heart Association's International Stroke Conference. (attorneync.com)

Proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses of cerebrospinal fluid, brain tissue, plasma, and cerebral organoids derived from patient stem cells have all revealed APOE4-dependent profiles, including a unique signature of disease progression (e.g. (alzforum.org)
Parkinson's disease is characterized by a reduction in brain levels of a key neurotransmitter called dopamine. (sspnutrition.com)
But when you have a brain disease, it may affect how well you can function and do your daily activities. (medlineplus.gov)
This spinal cord disease is called myelopathy, and it interferes with the signals between the brain and feet. (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)
When one of these components fails as a result of an injury or disease, the other two attempt to compensate. (prepperswill.com)

TBI involves many cellular mechanisms and time windows for damage and recovery, and several animal models have been developed that address treatment in the acute phases of injury. (nih.gov)
Of note, some of these alterations-for example those in brain connectivity-may be due to compensatory mechanisms that shape brain function early on (e.g. (alzforum.org)

With no effective pharmacological treatments available, the ischemic penumbra has remained a conundrum in the treatment of stroke. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

Doctors may sometimes request brain scans or laboratory tests in order to rule out other diseases. (rochester.edu)
A key factor in several neurological diseases is a reduction in brain levels of phosphocreatine. (sspnutrition.com)
The symptoms of brain diseases vary widely, depending on the specific problem. (medlineplus.gov)

Correction: Expert-augmented automated machine learning optimizes hemodynamic predictors of spinal cord injury outcome. (ucsf.edu)
Le E, Aarabi B, Hersh DS, Shanmuganathan K, Diaz C, Massetti J, Akhtar-Danesh N. Predictors of intramedullary lesion expansion rate on MR images of patients with subaxial spinal cord injury. (umaryland.edu)

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), which can affect brain function. (medlineplus.gov)

NICHD's ongoing research, as well as its support for research on spinal cord injury (SCI), focuses on investigations in the neurosciences, particularly as they affect developing systems and rehabilitation. (nih.gov)
The intent is to develop social, physical, and behavioral rehabilitation treatments for people with spinal-injury disabilities while also performing and supporting basic research in such fields as neurology, neurophysiology, osteology, biochemistry, motor control, and neuromechanics as a foundation for these developments. (nih.gov)
Through its intramural and extramural organizational units, NICHD supports and conducts a range of research on spinal cord injury (SCI), especially in the area of rehabilitation. (nih.gov)

The reader is referred to recent reviews addressing the pathophysiology of focal and diffuse TBI including diffuse axonal injury, a common consequence of TBI (Andriessen et al. (nationalacademies.org)

In addition, the ability to travel rapidly between areas of disparate altitudes in a matter of hours (including the exacerbation caused by decreased pressures in flight) increases the chance of experiencing decompression injuries, and of physicians far from water bodies encountering them. (medscape.com)
Madhok et al concluded that in the absence of brain injury in a rodent model, hypothermia induces significant increases to the SEP amplitude while increasing SEP latency. (medscape.com)

Dexmedetomidine modulates neuroinflammation and improves outcome via alpha2-adrenergic receptor signaling after rat spinal cord injury. (ucsf.edu)

Long-term consequences of alterations in expression or posttranslational modification may affect the functional anatomy of the brain in many injury paradigms. (nih.gov)
Expression levels of the miRNAs were measured via qRT-PCR in different brain and body parts to observe the range of miRNA alterations. (rwth-aachen.de)
In cases of miR-223-3p and miR-448-5p, the alterations were also visible at the contralateral brain hemisphere. (rwth-aachen.de)
Also, alterations in the rostral and caudal parts of the spinal cord and the blood serum where detectable for miR-223-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-124-3p. (rwth-aachen.de)

Acute CNS injuries can occur due to an occluded blood vessel as observed in cases of ischemic stroke (IS) or due to a traumatic impact, as is often the case in spinal cord injuries (SCI). (rwth-aachen.de)

International Spinal Cord Injury: Spinal Interventions and Surgical Procedures Basic Data set. (nih.gov)

2. Paeonol regulates NLRP3 inflammasomes and pyroptosis to alleviate spinal cord injury of rat. (nih.gov)
The purpose of this review is to summarise recent findings on complement activation and acquired brain or spinal cord injury, i.e. ischaemic-reperfusion injury or stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI), highlighting the potential for complement-targeted therapeutics to alleviate the devastating consequences of these neurological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) appears to be a key mediator in spinal cord injury. (surgicalneurologyint.com)

The B vitamin folate seems to stimulate healing in the damaged spinal cord tissue of rats by touching off a change in DNA, according to a laboratory study funded by NICHD's NCMRR and three other NIH Institutes. (nih.gov)

Can RNA therapeutics help spinal cord injury treatments? (atlasofscience.org)

19. Lipocalin-2 Deficiency Diminishes Canonical NLRP3 Inflammasome Formation and IL-1β Production in the Subacute Phase of Spinal Cord Injury. (nih.gov)

In the central nervous system (CNS) nerve regeneration is severely hampered making recovery from lesions such as spinal cord injury (SCI) extremely difficult and one of the most formidable challenges for regenerative medicine. (atlasofscience.org)

From improving athletic performance to supporting brain function, here's how creatine may improve your health. (garagegymreviews.com)
Creatine offers neuroprotective benefits, especially in injuries and ischemic events when blood supply is hindered. (garagegymreviews.com)
Bodybuilders as well as athletes usually take a creatine supplement to boost stamina and improve performance, while older grownups and also vegetarians may take it to support brain wellness and quality of life. (creatine123.net)
Creatine supplements likewise raise phosphocreatine shops in your brain, which may advertise brain health and wellness and boost signs of neurological illness. (creatine123.net)

If this oxygen deprivation lasts for too long, brain tissue will be destroyed. (monheit.com)

For survivors of acute ischemic stroke, we determine if incorporating a dynamic body weight support (DBWS) system into inpatient therapy offers greater improvement than standard of care (SOC). (biomedcentral.com)
It affects mainly (but not exclusively) brain injury survivors. (atlasofscience.org)

Every year, tens of millions of workers suffer accidental injuries leading to general practitioner treatments or hospitalizations. (atlasofscience.org)

In a small study, researchers used a device that stimulates the spinal cord to restore arm and hand mobility in two stroke patients, allowing them to perform daily life activities, such as using a fork to eat a meal. (nih.gov)
In a small study, researchers funded by the National Institutes of Health captured more than 1,000 hours of brain recordings from patients with OCD in the clinic and at home. (nih.gov)
Healthcare practitioners need to consider activity in the days prior to any medical visit, and be aware of the issues and nuances of diving injuries, every time they encounter a patient so that they do not miss the opportunity to properly treat these patients. (medscape.com)
And though cell death is a normal part of the human experience, when a large number of brain cells simultaneously die, patients can be left with diminished brain function. (spinalcord.com)
Acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries lead to irreversible cell death, leaving patients with life-long disabilities or death. (rwth-aachen.de)

Brain damage can lead to serious lifelong disabilities, such as cerebral palsy. (monheit.com)
Cerebral Palsy develops from prenatal brain injuries or abnormal brain development. (monheit.com)

Unfortunately, as evidenced by ischemic stroke incidence and stroke mortality, the stroke burden is unfortunately increasing in some regions of the country and particularly areas with socioeconomic and healthcare disparities [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently one of the most serious public-health problems, with an annual global incidence rate of 319/100,000. (atlasofscience.org)

By filing a birth injury lawsuit against the negligent health care provider and the hospital where the birth injury occurred, you can pursue compensation for your child's medical treatment, disability, reduced quality of life, and other damages. (samndan.com)
Once our investigation is complete, our birth injury attorneys will schedule a settlement conference with the negligent doctor, hospital, insurance company, and any other parties involved in your case. (samndan.com)
At Monheit Law, we're prepared to hold negligent medical professionals responsible for the injuries they've caused. (monheit.com)

1. TLR4 aggravates microglial pyroptosis by promoting DDX3X-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation via JAK2/STAT1 pathway after spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
4. Zinc Promotes Microglial Autophagy Through NLRP3 Inflammasome Inactivation via XIST/miR-374a-5p Axis in Spinal Cord Injury. (nih.gov)
5. Hesperetin ameliorates spinal cord injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis through enhancing Nrf2 signaling. (nih.gov)
11. Oral treatment with glycyrrhizin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and promotes microglial M2 polarization after traumatic spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)
17. Cannabinoid receptor-2 attenuates neuroinflammation by promoting autophagy-mediated degradation of the NLRP3 inflammasome post spinal cord injury. (nih.gov)

Anatomy54

Organisms8

Diseases77

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment53

Psychiatry and Psychology11

Phenomena and Processes37

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities1

Information Science7

Named Groups2

Health Care21

Subarachnoid hemorrhage1

Encephalopathy2

Neuroprotection2

Middle cerebral artery1

Hypoxic-ischemic1

Disorders10

Acute spinal cord i1

Chronic4

Peripheral nerves2

Stenosis2

Transient3

Secondary11

Neurons4

Inflammatory3

Inflammation8

SCIs2

Strokes2

20162

Concussion2

Inpatient rehabilitation3

20231

Mice7

Post-traumatic1

Severe5

Trauma7

Disease5

Mechanisms2

Pharmacological1

Diseases3

Predictors2

TBIs1

Rehabilitation3

Axonal1

Increases2

Outcome1

Alterations4

Blood vessel1

Interventions1

Alleviate2

Mediator1

Rats1

Therapeutics1

Subacute1

Lesions1

Creatine4

Tissue1

Survivors2

Treatments1

Patients5

Cerebral palsy2

Incidence2

Negligent3

NLRP35