Irf3 activation. Medical search. Frequent questions

IKKϵ and TBK1 are essential components of the IRF3 signaling pathway. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These interactions prevent IRF3 transcriptional activities and inhibit TYK2-mediated JAK-STAT activation by interferon alpha resulting in inhibition of the interferon signaling pathway. (joplink.net)

IRF3 has been shown to interact with IRF7. (wikipedia.org)

A 2015 study shows phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STING and TRIF at a conserved pLxIS motif recruits and specifies IRF3 phosphorylation and activation by the Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, thereby activating the production of type-I interferons. (wikipedia.org)
Upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state (PubMed:22394562, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:29973723, PubMed:30842653, PubMed:35045565). (neobiotechnologies.com)
In addition, NSP8 impaired IFN expression triggered by overexpression of the signaling molecules RIG-I, MDA5, and MAVS, instead of TBK1 and IRF3-5D, an active form of IRF3. (bvsalud.org)
The engagement of cGAMP by STING leads to the recruitment and activation of the protein kinase TBK1. (grantome.com)
The induced proximity of IRF-3 and TBK1 leads to IRF-3 phosphorylation and activation. (grantome.com)
However, it remains unknown how cGAMP binding activates STING and mediates the recruitment and activation of TBK1 and IRF-3 at the signaling complex. (grantome.com)
3). Delineate the mechanism of IRF-3 activation by TBK1. (grantome.com)

Building on these observations, we found a specific activation of NF-κB and a block of IRF3 nuclear translocation in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. (nature.com)
Stimulation of TLRs (Toll-Like Receptors) by a pathogen induces activation of signal transduction cascades, which leads to translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to the nucleus [ 1 ], activation of interferon regulatory factors 3/7 (IRF3/7) and/or activator protein-1 (AP-1), which cooperate to induce transcription of various cytokines such as alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) to counteract infection [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
From a mechanistic view, NSP8 interacts with RIG-I and MDA5, and thereby prevents the assembly of the RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS signalosome, resulting in the impaired phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF3. (bvsalud.org)

Stimulation of A549-Dual™ cells with the following PAMPs, Pam3CSK4 (TLR2 ligand, 300 ng/ml) Poly(I:C) (TLR3 ligand, 3 µg/ml ), FLA-ST Ultrapure (TLR5, 300 ng/ml), leads to the activation of NF-κB. (invivogen.com)
Stimulation of A549-Dual™ cells with the following PAMPs, Pam3CSK4 (TLR2) Poly(I:C) (TLR3), flagellin (TLR5), leads to the activation of NF-kB. (invivogen.com)
Cytoplasmic hybrids bind to the patternrecognition receptors cGAS and TLR3(ref.8), activating IRF3 and inducing apoptosis. (stanford.edu)

Transient overexpression of UBCv1 impaired activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors induced by several agonists of these pathways. (mdpi.com)
Caspases, while dispensable for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis, inhibit activation of pro-inflammatory pathways after MOMP. (nature.com)
For each lot, proper activation of the NF-κB pathway and IRF pathway is confirmed upon stimulation of A549-Dual™ cells by various pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) known to activate these pathways. (invivogen.com)
Upon recognition of their cognate PAMPs, these receptors induce signaling pathways leading to the activation of the transcription factors NF-kB and/or IRF3/7. (invivogen.com)
The regulatory mechanisms of activation of these two pathways and their interactions during the IIR are only partially known. (biomedcentral.com)
Taking these findings into consideration it seems logical, that activity of IIR depends on cooperation of both arms of this system and indicate that NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways are highly interconnected and that these interconnections influence the kinetics of the IIR [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper we examine evidence for a direct crosstalk of the NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways at the lowest level, between main transcription factors and genes coding for these transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Its binding to scaffolding polyubiquitin plays a key role in IKK activation by multiple signaling receptor pathways. (cusabio.com)
TRAF2 and TRAF6 are two TRAF family proteins that are essential components in TNF-, IL-1- and TLRs-induced NF-?B activation pathways respectively. (grantome.com)
We hypothesize that NKIP is an essential component of the NF-kappaB and ISRE activation pathways triggered by TNF-, IL-1-, TLRS- and viral infection respectively, and is involved in signaling in inflammation and innate immunity against virus. (grantome.com)
In Specific Aim #1, various biochemical and molecular biology experiments will be performed to determine the molecular mechanisms of NKIP-mediated NF-kappaB activation pathways. (grantome.com)
In Specific Aim #2, experiments will be performed to determine the molecular mechanisms of NKIP-mediated ISRE activation pathways and the roles of NKIP in cellular anti-viral response. (grantome.com)

In contrast, activation of IRF3 and ISRE signaling upon stimulation with TRIFΔRIP, cGAS/STING or RIG-I-CARD remained unaltered. (mdpi.com)
9 ] who proposed that the activation of NF-κB by TRIF-dependent pathway is a result of a secondary response to TNFα, which is induced by IRF3 (this latter activated by the TLR4/TRIF-mediated pathway in the first response to LPS) and signals through the TNFα receptor (TNFR)/RIP1 pathway to activate NF-κB. (biomedcentral.com)

This NF-κB response was mediated by cGAS-STING activation and could be attenuated through several STING-targeting drugs. (nature.com)
Chemokine release is dependent on activation of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway which is constitutively activated in DNA repair deficient cells, or by exogenous DNA damaging agents. (almacgroup.com)
Activation of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway is cell cycle specific and is associated with an accumulation of cytosolic DNA in the S-phase of the cell cycle. (almacgroup.com)
Activation of the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway is associated with expression of the immune-checkpointinggene PD-L1 which may prevent immune-mediated tumorcell death. (almacgroup.com)
This is initiated following transcytosis of cytoplasm from cancer cells into fibroblasts, leading to the activation of STING and IRF3-mediated expression of interferon-β1 and other cytokines. (regenerativemedicine.net)
The activation of the cGAS-STING pathway by viral DNA results in the expression of type I interferons, a key family of antiviral cytokines. (grantome.com)

Aggregated MAVS have been found to activate IRF3 dimerization. (wikipedia.org)
As an immune evasion strategy, the virus inhibits activation of intracellular receptors that detect viral RNA and trigger type I interferon production, such as RIG-I, IRF-3 and MAVS. (news-medical.net)
Upon recognition of dsRNA, RIG-I and MDA5 are recruited by the MAVS adaptor to the outer membrane of the mitochondria leading to the activation of several transcription factors, including interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) and NF-κB [3]. (invivogen.com)

The complex translocates into the nucleus for the transcriptional activation of interferons alpha and beta, and further interferon-induced genes. (wikipedia.org)
It's interesting to note that in the nucleus DNA-PK may regulate IRF3 transcriptional activity in response to viral infection. (reactome.org)

Mechanisms of activation of interferon regulator factor 3: the role of C-terminal domain phosphorylation in IRF-3 dimerization and DNA binding. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Transcriptional activation of the interferon-beta (IFN-beta) gene requires assembly of an enhanceosome containing ATF-2/c-Jun, IRF-3/IRF-7, and NFkappaB. (rcsb.org)
lncRNAs have been reported to possess multiple functions including regulation of gene expression, transcriptional activation and silencing of genes and thus play critical roles in a diversity of cellular process [ 14 , 15 ]. (researchsquare.com)

IRF3 has been further characterized and shown to contain several functional domains including a nuclear export signal, a DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal IRF association domain and several regulatory phosphorylation sites. (wikipedia.org)

IRF3 is a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. (wikipedia.org)
TNF, IL-1 and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critically involved in inflammation and innate immunity through activation of the transcription factor NF-KAPPAB, ATF-2/c-Jun, and IRFs. (grantome.com)

2004). DNA-PKcs has been also reported to induce ERK activation and production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in CpG-ODN-stimulated mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7, while production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12 was negatively regulated (Yotsumoto S et al. (reactome.org)

Depletion of NKIP by RNAi significantly inhibits TNF- and IL-1- induced NF-kappaAB activation, and TLRS- and Sendai virus-induced ISRE activation. (grantome.com)

Using a mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) model, we demonstrate that heterologous bovine (UK and NCDV) and porcine (OSU) rotaviruses fail to effectively degrade cellular IRF3, resulting in IRF3 activation and beta IFN (IFN-beta) secretion. (stanford.edu)
On the other hand, homologous murine rotaviruses (ETD or EHP) or the heterologous simian rotavirus (rhesus rotavirus [RRV]) efficiently degrade cellular IRF3, diminish IRF3 activation and IFN-beta secretion and are not replication restricted in wild-type MEFs. (stanford.edu)

pDC activation and maturation were observed independently of viral replication and were enhanced in cells in which virus replicates. (stanford.edu)
Production of IFNalpha by pDCs following RRV exposure required viral dsRNA and surface proteins, but neither viral replication nor activation by trypsin cleavage of VP4. (stanford.edu)

Interferon regulatory factor 3, also known as IRF3, is an interferon regulatory factor. (wikipedia.org)
Role in viral-induced interferon regulatory factor activation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Rac1 and PAK1 are upstream of IKK-ϵ and TBK-1 in the viral activation of interferon regulatory factor-3. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Rotavirus NSP1 has been shown to function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediates proteasome-dependent degradation of interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRF), including IRF3, -5, and -7, and suppresses the cellular type I IFN response. (stanford.edu)
Downstream signaling entails activation of IFN regulatory element 3 (IRF-3). (biomasswars.com)
In a previous study, we found that Staphylococcus aureus (SA) induced interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and Ifnb expression only in its planktonic form but not in the biofilm. (qxmd.com)

At the first stage of viral invasion, virus-derived double-stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) trigger the conformational change and activation of cGAS. (frontiersin.org)

Microbial infection) Also considered to be a mediator for HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein activation of NF-kappa-B. (cusabio.com)

IRF3 plays an important role in the innate immune system's response to viral infection. (wikipedia.org)

IRF3 is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with CREBBP. (wikipedia.org)

IFN signaling: 3C protease inhibits activation of antiviral protein complexes. (cdc.gov)
NP and M2 protein interfere with PKR activation. (cdc.gov)
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ORF8b Accessory Protein Suppresses Type I IFN Expression by Impeding HSP70-Dependent Activation of IRF3 Kinase IKKε. (hku.hk)

Therapies aimed at modulating immune activation to attenuate the detrimental inflammatory response or promote an antiviral cytokine response represent an important avenue for treating patients with severe COVID-19. (nature.com)
The inflammatory cytokine response is involved in the recruitment and activation of immune cells. (nature.com)

During virus infection, the specific immune signals produced from infected cells are important for dictating the recruitment and activation of innate or adaptive immune cells that are required to fight virus infection. (nature.com)
Targeting 7-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase Integrates Cholesterol Metabolism and IRF3 Activation to Eliminate Infection. (harvard.edu)

Durant ses études postdoctorales entamées en 2000, Dre Grandvaux poursuit ses recherches sur la réponse innée de l'organisme, mais cette fois dans le contexte antiviral. (umontreal.ca)

Essential for viral activation of IRF3. (cusabio.com)

Depuis son arrivée, Dre Grandvaux a développé des interactions non seulement avec d'autres chercheurs de notre institution, mais également avec des chercheurs d'autres institutions au Canada, aux Etats-Unis en Belgique et en Australie. (umontreal.ca)

subsequent activation step. (eagulf.net)
Aberrant R-loop processing and subsequent innate immune activation may contribute to many diseases, such as neurodegeneration and cancer. (stanford.edu)

2011). Whether DNA-PK mediates activation of IFN-beta production is debatable. (reactome.org)

The same study identified IRF3 and the type I IFN response as a potential therapeutic target for post-myocardial infarction cardioprotection. (wikipedia.org)
Research on NF-κB-deficient cells has shown that the initial kinetics of the type I interferon (IFN) response depends on concurrent NF-κB activation [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

E6 also inhibits immune response by interacting with host IRF3 and TYK2. (joplink.net)

However, the other group demonstrated that DNA-PK induced IRF3-dependent production of IFN-beta in DNA-stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblast(MEF) and human HEK293 cells (Ferguson BJ et al. (reactome.org)
Nsp2 inhibits IFN production by blocking the ubiquitinylation of phosphorylated IκB and phosphorylation of IRF3 through the OTU domain. (expasy.org)

Nsp1α subunit inhibits the IκB phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and therefore the activation of NF-κB. (expasy.org)

Data suggest the angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8)/p62-IKKgamma axis as a negative feedback loop that regulates NF-kappaB activation, and extends the role of selective autophagy in fine-tuned inflammatory responses. (cusabio.com)

In this review, we discuss how mitochondria can initiate inflammation during cell death highlighting parallels with bacterial activation of inflammation. (nature.com)

2012). Thus, the molecular mechanism behind DNA-PK activation by cytosolic DNA remains to be clarified. (reactome.org)

Another study has shown that IRF3-/- knockouts protect from myocardial infarction. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms19

Diseases30

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Named Groups2

Health Care5

Signaling pathway2

IRF71

TBK17

Translocation3

TLR33

Pathways12

TRIF2

STING6

MAVS3

Nucleus2

Dimerization1

Transcriptional activation2

Nuclear1

Transcription factor2

Induce1

ISRE1

Secretion2

Replication2

Regulatory6

CGAS1

Mediator1

Viral infection1

Serine1

Protein3

Cytokine2

Infection2

Antiviral1

Essential1

Interactions1

Subsequent2

Mediates1

Type2

Response1

Production2

Cytoplasm1

Inflammatory1

Inflammation1

Molecular1

Shown1