Ions and oxygen. Medical search. Frequent questions

The ceramic materials studied can absorb and release doubly negatively charged oxygen ions. (techbriefs.com)
The negatively charged oxygen ions migrate to the anode and the gas bubbles off. (newscientist.com)

In the first stage, the negative ions are locked within a discharge volume and plasma is depleted of electrons and positive ions. (aps.org)
With a large content of electronegative gas (oxygen) in a mixture, when there is a ``detachment particles,'' a small fraction of the electrons appearing as a result of the detachment continue to hold all negative ions in the discharge volume. (aps.org)

Toxicity of metal ions to alveolar macrophages. (cdc.gov)
The integrity of AM cell membranes was not affected in 90 percent of cells by high concentrations of metal ions. (cdc.gov)

Sensitivity analysis showed that the mole fraction of H3O+ is most sensitive to the rate of chemi-ionization CH + O ↔ CHO+ + E−. To our knowledge, this work represents the first detailed measurements of positive ions in canonical low-pressure methane flames. (edu.sa)

OIBs work by transferring oxygen - in the form of oxide ions and electrons - between two oxide electrodes. (techbriefs.com)
Understanding erosion, the nature of the formed oxide and depth of oxygen transport is necessary in mitigating unexpected performance of sensors, optics or plasma facing components. (utwente.nl)
Oxide formation is governed by both the ion-target combination and the incident ion energy. (utwente.nl)
Compositional changes and oxide thicknesses following sputtering were measured using Angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and subsequently compared to limiting oxide formed by atomic oxygen exposures. (utwente.nl)
Ion induced oxide thicknesses (for molybdenum and tungsten) were found to be larger than those predicted by ballistic transport where sputtering is balanced by implantation. (utwente.nl)
It is hypothesized that radiation enhanced diffusion of free oxygen leads to thicker oxide films at low ion energies. (utwente.nl)
Therefore, to remove zinc ion from water forming metal oxide deposit, the penetration amount of the active oxygens to the water must be controlled to keep the pH lower than around 7.5. (elsevierpure.com)
The melted iron oxide decomposes into iron and oxygen ions. (newscientist.com)
For example, cerium-zirconium composite oxides offer enhanced oxygen absorption/release performance compared to cerium oxide, making them the preferred co-catalysts for automobile catalysts. (dkkk.co.jp)
A thermodynamic analysis has been performed to compare the theoretical performance of ammonia fed solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on proton-conducting electrolyte (SOFC-H) and oxygen ion-conducting electrolyte (SOFC-O). It is found that the ammonia fed SOFC-H is superior to SOFC-O in terms of theoretical maximum efficiency. (edu.hk)

This study presents detailed cation profile measurements in low-pressure, burner-stabilized, methane/oxygen/argon flames. (edu.sa)

We also quantify the shift in pH conditions for hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution catalysis away from ideality when this transport is not mitigated, as well generation of particularly corrosive anolyte conditions that destroy overall cell performance. (aiche.org)
INTRODUCTION GD1000M Fixed Gas Detector adopts the photoelectric sensing principle to detect and analyze sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), oxygen (O2), methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other gases. (ecplaza.net)
His229 and Glu73 of the Hyd-5 large subunit were found to be important in both hydrogen oxidation activity and the oxygen-tolerance mechanism. (rcsb.org)
This is because an SOFC-H has a higher hydrogen partial pressure and a lower steam partial pressure than an SOFC-O. In addition, an increase in oxygen utilization is found to increase the efficiency of ammonia fed SOFCs due to an increase in oxygen molar fraction and a reduction in steam molar fraction. (edu.hk)
Daniel Nocera poses with a device for breaking down water into hydrogen and oxygen. (technologyreview.com)
The reaction frees hydrogen ions to make hydrogen gas. (technologyreview.com)
The catalyst oxidizes the water to form oxygen gas and free hydrogen ions. (technologyreview.com)
At another electrode, this one coated with a platinum catalyst, hydrogen ions form hydrogen gas. (technologyreview.com)
One is replacing the expensive platinum catalyst for making hydrogen from hydrogen ions with a catalyst based on a cheap and abundant metal, as Nocera has done with the oxygen catalyst. (technologyreview.com)
Normally, the kidneys excrete hydrogen ions (H + ) through the formation of titratable acids and ammonium. (medscape.com)
Also known as hydrocyanic acid (CAS Registry Number 74‐90‐8) or HCN, hydrogen cyanide is a rapid‐acting lethal agent that inhibits aerobic respiration at the cellular level, preventing cells from utilizing oxygen. (who.int)

Therefore, the number of negatively charged ions (anions) should equal the number of positively charged ions (cations). (medscape.com)

When a voltage is applied, the oxygen ions migrate from one ceramic material to another, after which they can be made to migrate back again - generating electric current. (techbriefs.com)

en] The nuclear magnetic relaxation times of oxygen-17 have been measured in aqueous sodium bisulfite solutions in the pH range from 2.5 to 5 as a function of temperature, pH, and S(IV) concentration, at an ionic strength of 1.0 m. (iaea.org)
They typically exist in the environment in highly water-soluble forms, in association with other ions such as sodium and potassium. (cdc.gov)
Internal sodium ions and water molecules in guanine quadruplexes: Magnetic relaxation dispersion studies of [d(G 3 T 4 G 3 )] 2 and [d(G 4 T 4 G 4 )] 2 . (lu.se)

Kilner, J.A. "Oxygen ion diffusion in cation ordered/disordered GdBaCo2O 5+δ" Journal of Materials Chemistry 21, 7, pp. 2183 - 2186. (irec.cat)
In-depth, quantitative understanding of ion chemistry in flames enables predictive models to describe the effect of external electric fields on combustion plasma. (edu.sa)
Lean, stoichiometric and rich flames were examined to evaluate the dependence of ion chemistry on flame stoichiometry. (edu.sa)
It is possible that His229 has a role in stabilizing the super-oxidized form of the proximal cluster in the presence of oxygen, and it is proposed that Glu73could play a supporting role in fine-tuning the chemistry of His229 to enable this function. (rcsb.org)
Daniel Nocera , a professor of chemistry at MIT, has developed a catalyst that can generate oxygen from a glass of water by splitting water molecules. (technologyreview.com)
Ocean acidification, mainly attributed to the increasing anthropogenic CO 2 in the atmosphere, is characterised by a lowering pH together with a shift in the sea water carbonate chemistry toward lower concentration of carbonate ions. (lu.se)

Additionally, for the first time, cataloging of flame cations is performed using a high mass resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) to distinguish ions with the same nominal mass. (edu.sa)

These results suggest that functionalized NPG could be used as a global anode material for Li-, Na-, K-, Mg-, and Ca-ion batteries. (acs.org)
An aqueous metal ion capacitor comprising of a zinc anode, oxidized carbon nanotubes (oCNTs) cathode, and a zinc sulfate electrolyte is reported. (frontiersin.org)

The electron density decay is faster, than exponential, and practically all electrons leave plasma volume during finite time followed by the ion--ion (electron-free) plasma formation. (aps.org)

The electrodes in oxygen-ion batteries are perovskite-based ceramics instead of typical lithium-ion battery materials (graphite, iron, etc. (wikipedia.org)
One of those electrodes can take up oxygen easily, while the other more easily releases oxygen. (techbriefs.com)
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) provides a promising route for depositing uniform thin-film electrodes for Li-ion batteries. (mdpi.com)

The decay of afterglow low-pressure electronegative gas plasmas take place in two distinct stages (the electron-ion stage, and the ion-ion stage) as it was shown in [1] for pure oxygen. (aps.org)
The smaller photon interaction makes the A collisions more closely proportional to A, and we see here that future electron-ion colliders would be valuable complements to the pA collisions in studies of dynamical effects from correlations, coherence and fluctuations in the initial state in high energy nuclear collisions. (lu.se)

A team at TU Wien (Vienna) has developed an oxygen-ion battery that has some important advantages: It does not allow for quite as high energy densities as a Li-ion battery, but its storage capacity does not decrease irrevocably over time: it can be regenerated and thus may enable an extremely long service life. (techbriefs.com)
Using ceramic materials, researchers have developed an oxygen-ion battery that is longer lasting than lithium-ion batteries. (materialstoday.com)

By applying a voltage, oxygen is "pumped" from the oxygen affine electrode to the less oxygen affine electrode - the battery gets charged. (techbriefs.com)

Using a magnetic field model, we traced the observed oxygen ions to one of three regions: plasma sheet, solar wind beyond a distant X-line or dayside magnetosheath. (uib.no)
Magneto-ionics, understood as voltage-driven ion transport in magnetic materials, has largely relied on controlled migration of oxygen ions. (nature.com)

The pH of the zinc dissolved water treated by ozone depends on both zinc ion and ozone concentration in water. (elsevierpure.com)

The researchers have indicated that they can use oxygen atoms that are extracted easily and can cause higher capacity of cathodes inside a lithium-ion battery. (eit-za.com)
Atoms and molecules in electronically excited states decay via various processes which lead to bond breaking and ion formation, producing neutral and charged constituents that react with their neighbors. (lu.se)

Except for an increase in the venous oxygen saturation, the blood gases remained constant. (nih.gov)
However, the zincate ions are easily decomposed to ZnO that acts as an insulator in the system, while the zincate ions exceed a saturation point in the alkaline medium. (frontiersin.org)

The sensitivity of this O-2 sensor depends markedly upon the plasticizer concentration and is largely independent of temperature (24,5-52.5 degrees C) and age (up to 30 d), When exposed to an alternating atmosphere of O-2 and N-2, a typical oxygen film sensor in PMMA exhibits a 0-90% response and recovery time of 0.4 and 4.5 s, respectively. (qub.ac.uk)
Oxygen detector Features Compared to other methods of measuring oxygen content, the oxygen detector has a higher accuracy, provides immediate feedback and can directly detect the oxygen concentration. (ecplaza.net)
Industrial negative ion tester air anion analyze monitor negative ion detector RS-NEGO-N01-2-* negative oxygen ion detector is equipped with a color touch screen to display the concentration of negative oxygen ions in the air in real time. (ecplaza.net)
The model is used to express the oxygen permeation flux in terms of the oxygen concentrations at the membrane surface given data on the bulk concentration, which is necessary for cases when mass transfer limitations on the permeate side are important and for reactive flow modeling. (edu.sa)
The simulation results show the dependence of oxygen transport and fuel conversion on the geometry and flow parameters including the membrane temperature, feed and sweep gas flow, oxygen concentration in the feed and fuel concentration in the sweep gas. (edu.sa)
In the Skagerrak-Baltic Sea region, foraminifera faunas varied along a strong gradient in terms of salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen concentration, and species were adapted to local environmental stressors. (lu.se)

The researchers explained, saying: "The structural and chemical origin of the oxygen redox activity in layered and cation-disordered Li-excess cathode materials. (eit-za.com)
Since the shuttling cation is Zn 2+ , this typical metal ion capacitor is named as zinc-ion capacitor (ZIC). (frontiersin.org)
The function of the surface oxygen groups in surface cation storage was elucidated by a series of electrochemical measurement and the surface-enabled ZIC showed better performance than the ZIC with an un-oxidized CNT cathode. (frontiersin.org)

Consequently, there is an urgent need to search for environmental friendly alternative aqueous metal-ion capacitors. (frontiersin.org)
In aqueous solutions, both tin(II) and tin(IV) exist as complex ions. (asu.edu)

also, oxygen can leak, and this causes a slow self-discharge of the battery. (techbriefs.com)
Zinc ion dissolved in water is attempted to be removed by generating the oxides of zinc using the oxygen gas in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system. (elsevierpure.com)

Chemical engineers used the energy transfer in lithium batteries and altered the oxygen reaction that occurs. (eit-za.com)

abstract = "Transition metals used in semiconductor, photolithography and fusion applications interact with low energy oxygen ions. (utwente.nl)
abstract = "Electron-transfer kinetics from strong one-electron reductants such as decamethylferrocene and chromium-(II) complexes to singlet oxygen (1O2: 1Δg) were examined using laser flash photolysis in oxygen-saturated deuterated acetonitrile. (elsevierpure.com)
abstract = "Ion transport membrane (ITM) based reactors have been suggested as a novel technology for several applications including fuel reforming and oxy-fuel combustion, which integrates air separation and fuel conversion while reducing complexity and the associated energy penalty. (edu.sa)

Our results indicate that 69 % of high-altitude oxygen escapes the magnetosphere, from which most escapes beyond the distant X-line (50 % of total oxygen flux). (uib.no)
Furthermore, to obtain universal conditions for forming perovskite STN based on plasma physics, plasma parameters such as ion bombardment energy and ion flux, were measured. (elsevierpure.com)
Perovskite STN was obtained when the ion bombardment energy was 38 eV and the normalized Kr ion flux was 78 [ions/atom. (elsevierpure.com)

The removal rate of zinc oxides' production (ZnO and Zn(OH) 2 ) are measured at different treatment periods by the oxygen plasma penetration in water. (elsevierpure.com)

To utilize this technology more effectively, it is necessary to develop a better understanding of the fundamental processes of oxygen transport and fuel conversion in the immediate vicinity of the membrane. (edu.sa)

The maximum removal rate (29%) of zinc ion from water is achieved at the treatment period of 10 min, where pH is lower (7.4). (elsevierpure.com)

A quadrupole molecular beam mass spectrometer (MBMS) coupled to a low-pressure (P = 30 Torr) combustion chamber was utilized to measure ion signals as a function of height above the burner. (edu.sa)
The experimental setup comprised the germanium detector array CLARION, a recoil mass spectrometer and an ion- ization chamber. (lu.se)

The effects of metallic ions and solvents on the function of alveolar macrophages (AM) were studied. (cdc.gov)

The simulation results make it possible to conclude that the current sheet can be formed by oxygen ion flows of ionospheric origin in cases where the proton fluxes can be neglected or they are rather weak. (springer.com)
The authors conclude that exposure to metallic ions and solvents is toxic to the AM of rats. (cdc.gov)

Oxygen (O2) consumption and chemiluminescence were the AM functions most sensitive to metal effects. (cdc.gov)

Oxygen-ion batteries (Oi batteries) are a type of rechargeable battery that works similarly to lithium-ion batteries. (wikipedia.org)
Lithium-ion batteries are ubiquitous today-from electric cars to smartphones. (batterytechonline.com)
Although it does not allow for quite as high energy densities as the lithium-ion battery, its storage capacity does not decrease irrevocably over time: it can be regenerated and thus may enable an extremely long service life. (batterytechonline.com)
The basic principle is actually very similar to the lithium-ion battery," stated Prof. Jürgen Fleig. (batterytechonline.com)
Ceramics are not flammable-so fire accidents, which occur time and again with lithium-ion batteries, are practically ruled out. (batterytechonline.com)
Higher density lithium-ion batteries? (eit-za.com)
Home News Higher density lithium-ion batteries? (eit-za.com)
Lithium-ion batteries are the lifeblood of the energy storage movement, without them the current climate of moving towards renewable energy would be one limb short. (eit-za.com)
However, improving lithium-ion batteries is also something that engineers concern themselves with so that we can utilize batteries to their full potential. (eit-za.com)
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have been working on improving lithium-ion performance. (eit-za.com)
The researchers worked with the lithium-rich cathode, which oxygen plays a big factor in. (eit-za.com)
A normal lithium-ion battery is charged and discharged with a transition metal that the cathode oxidizes and then releases cathodes into. (eit-za.com)
Meaning, the lithium-ion battery lasts longer. (eit-za.com)
A team of researchers has developed a new lithium ion battery from sand, resulting in a battery three times more powerful than the standard. (eponline.com)
Researchers from the University of California, Riverside's Bourns College of Engineering have created a lithium ion battery from sand. (eponline.com)
The result is a battery that produces three times more power than standard lithium ion batteries currently available on the market. (eponline.com)
This is the holy grail: a low cost, non-toxic, environmentally friendly way to produce high-performance lithium ion battery anodes," said Favors. (eponline.com)

Hong, J, Kirchen, P & Ghoniem, AF 2012, ' Numerical simulation of ion transport membrane reactors: Oxygen permeation and transport and fuel conversion ', Journal of Membrane Science , vol. 407-408, pp. 71-85. (edu.sa)
For example, at a fuel utilization of 80% and an oxygen utilization of 20%, the efficiency of ammonia fed SOFC-H is 11% higher than that of SOFC-O. The difference between SOFC-H and SOFC-O becomes more significant at higher fuel utilizations and higher temperatures. (edu.hk)

Direct spectroscopic evidence was found for the existence of two isomers of bisulfite ion: one with the proton bonded to the sulfur (HSO 3 - ) and the other with the proton bonded to an oxygen (SO 3 H - ). (The symbol SHO 3 - in the above chemical equation refers to both isomeric forms of bisulfite ion. (iaea.org)
Intensity distribution of emitted proton (H+) and oxygen ion (O)+ viewed by our detector when the water molecule is resonantly excited by X-rays. (lu.se)

This effect of acetazolamide on CBF is probably explained by a decrease in brain pH rather than by brain tissue hypoxia due to inhibition of oxygen unloading in the brain capillaries. (nih.gov)
These include a variety of heart conditions, other disorders such as muscular dystrophy, abnormal inflammation, or a shortage of oxygen (hypoxia). (medlineplus.gov)

Nitrite is readily oxidized (combines with oxygen) to form nitrate. (cdc.gov)

After oxygen has been administered, subsequent treatment is aimed at dissociating the cyanide ion into cytochrome oxidase. (who.int)

The instrument uses a high-performance electrochemical oxygen sensor as. (ecplaza.net)

In contrast to oxygen, nitrogen transport occurs uniformly creating a plane-wave-like migration front, without assistance of diffusion channels. (nature.com)
This is due to the lower activation energy for ion diffusion and the lower electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen. (nature.com)
At a low oxygen content in the gas mixture there is no detachment and plasma decays by an ion--ion ambipolar diffusion mechanism. (aps.org)

Convection of oxygen to the plasma sheet shows a strong dependence on geomagnetic activity. (uib.no)

A general method of preparation of thin-film sensors for O-2, incorporating the dye ion-pair tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) rutheninm(II) ditetraphenylborate, in a variety of different thin film polymer/plasticizer matrices is described, The sensitivity of the sensor depends upon the nature of the polymer matrix and plasticizer, A detailed study of one of these systems utilising the polymer poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, is reported. (qub.ac.uk)
Thomas, M. / Fluorescence-based thin plastic film ion-pair sensors for oxygen . (qub.ac.uk)
Mills, A & Thomas, M 1997, ' Fluorescence-based thin plastic film ion-pair sensors for oxygen ', Analyst , vol. 122, pp. 63-68. (qub.ac.uk)
Replacement O2 Oxygen sensors make gas detector maintenance easy. (ecplaza.net)
Oxygen detector test4 is a kind of single or multiple gas detection and alarm apparatus with flexible configuration, it can be equipped with oxygen sensors, combustible gas sensors and optional four toxic gas sensors or any kinds of single gas. (ecplaza.net)

ION is non toxic. (peggylayton.net)
The toxic effects of lead result from its interference with the physiologic actions of calcium, zinc, and iron, through the inhibition of certain enzymes, and through binding to ion channels and regulatory proteins. (cdc.gov)

Tin(II) chloride is a strong reducing agent and is easily oxidized by atmospheric oxygen. (asu.edu)

Li-ion batteries are ubiquitous today, but that does not mean that they are the best solution for all areas of application. (techbriefs.com)

Depending on the voltage polarity, these electrolytes accept or donate oxygen, acting as ion reservoirs. (nature.com)

Plus, the oxygen-ion batteries can be produced without rare elements and are made of incombustible materials. (techbriefs.com)
The new battery is not intended for smartphones or electric cars, because the oxygen-ion battery only achieves about a third of the energy density that one is used to from Li-ion batteries and runs at temperatures between 200 °C - 400 °C. The technology is a boon for storing energy, though. (techbriefs.com)
Oxygen-ion batteries power forward. (acm.org)

ION Stabilized Oxygen provides products focused around providing the world with access to better water, better health, and a better life. (clouddesigns.net)
ION Stabilized Oxygen/Water Treatment. (peggylayton.net)
ION can be used in water storage barrels or containers. (peggylayton.net)
ION is the best product I have found for water treatment. (peggylayton.net)
I take ION with me to foreign countries where the water is questionable. (peggylayton.net)
Kinetics of oxygen exchange between bisulfite ion and water a. (iaea.org)
One of the two isomers, presumably SO 3 H - , exchanges oxygens with water much more rapidly than does the other. (iaea.org)
The solvent-dependent reorganization energy of 1 O 2 in acetonitrile is smaller than the corresponding value of ground-state oxygen in water (1.97 ± 0.03 eV), reflecting the longer O-O bond length in the excited state in reference to the ground state and the smaller solvation in acetonitrile. (elsevierpure.com)
Nocera has solved one of the most challenging parts of artificial photosynthesis: generating oxygen from water. (technologyreview.com)

While zirconium ceramics are solids, they exhibit the peculiar property of being permeable to oxygen ions. (dkkk.co.jp)

However, upon substitution with oxygen-rich functional groups (e.g. (acs.org)

Detector high-performance GM ion detector The measuring range of 0-99-13 a/cm3 Accuracy of measurement (plus or minus 15% Measuring time detector for 20 seconds, and then measured values displayed on the LCD screen Large LCD display with four LCD. (ecplaza.net)

Victims who are asymptomatic several minutes after exposure do not require oxygen or antidotes. (who.int)
Where exposure has caused acute effects (convulsions, apnea), oxygen (ideally 100%)and antidotes should be administered immediately. (who.int)

If you need a large energy storage unit to temporarily store solar or wind energy, for example, the oxygen-ion battery could be an excellent solution," said Schmid. (techbriefs.com)

The relative amounts of the two isomers were determined as a function of temperature, and the rate and mechanism of oxygen exchange between the two was investigated. (iaea.org)

Nitrogen magneto-ionics in CoN is compared to oxygen magneto-ionics in Co 3 O 4 . (nature.com)
Here, nitrogen magneto-ionics is demonstrated as an improved alternative to oxygen magneto-ionics. (nature.com)
CoN and Co 3 O 4 single-layer films are voltage-actuated to compare nitrogen vs. oxygen magneto-ionic performances. (nature.com)

A key point of debate is whether oxygen-containing species, e.g. (nature.com)
As ex situ measurements have the potential of exposing the sample to the ambient condition, the origin of the oxygen-containing species on the Cu surface detected by these methods is uncertain. (nature.com)
Experimental investigation of temporal evolution of charged plasma species in afterglow plasma of oxygen-containing mixtures have been investigated. (aps.org)
Additional mechanisms include generating reactive oxygen species and altering gene expression (ATSDR, 2007). (cdc.gov)

Oxygen lost to side reactions can be replaced by ambient oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
if oxygen is lost due to side reactions, then the loss can simply be compensated for by oxygen from the ambient air. (techbriefs.com)

Coastal ecosystems are adapted to environmental variability such as frequent changes in salinity, temperature, pH, oxygen levels and organic matter content. (lu.se)

HD9300 can be used for long-term continuous monitoring of oxygen content in a limited space. (ecplaza.net)
It is generally installed in places where oxygen content is measured and analyzed. (ecplaza.net)
In addition, changes in CBF were estimated from the arteriovenous oxygen content difference. (nih.gov)
Four periods were identified with varying oxygen levels, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution with lower pH. (lu.se)

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