Ionic liquid. Medical search. Frequent questions

In some contexts, the term has been restricted to salts whose melting point is below a specific temperature, such as 100 °C (212 °F). While ordinary liquids such as water and gasoline are predominantly made of electrically neutral molecules, ionic liquids are largely made of ions. (wikipedia.org)
Salts that are liquid at near-ambient temperature are important for electric battery applications, and have been considered as sealants due to their very low vapor pressure. (wikipedia.org)
Some salts, especially those with organic cations, have low lattice energies and thus are liquid at or below room temperature. (wikipedia.org)
Certain mixtures of nitrate salts can have melting points below 100 °C. The term "ionic liquid" in the general sense was used as early as 1943. (wikipedia.org)
In 1911 Ray and Rakshit, during preparation of the nitrite salts of ethylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine observed that the reaction between ethylamine hydrochloride and silver nitrate yielded an unstable Ethylammonium nitrite (C 2H 5)NH+ 3·NO− 2 , a heavy yellow liquid which on immersion in a mixture of salt and ice could not be solidified and was probably the first report of room temperature ionic liquid. (wikipedia.org)
Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts with low melting points, often resulting in a liquid state at room temperature. (ens-lyon.fr)
Formation of Aqueous Biphasic Systems with an Ionic Liquid Induced by Metallic Salts: Nanoscopic Views from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. (acs.org)
Ionic liquids (IL), molten salts at room temperature with mobile cations and anions, have demonstrated the ability to electrostatically dope MoS2 and MoSe2 top gated field effect transistors to increase charge density, carrier mobility and even induce superconductivity [1]. (aps.org)
Ionic liquids are molten salts, which are liquid below 373 K. They consist of organic cations with organic or inorganic anions. (tudelft.nl)
But surprisingly, a robust protocol using commercially available and cost-efficient metal salts in a water and air stable ionic liquid is still hard to find [50,51] . (beilstein-journals.org)
This was the fIrst international meeting devoted to research in the area of ionic liquids (salts with melting points below 100 0c), and was intended to explore the promise of ionic liquids as well as to set a research agenda for the fIeld. (clevelandreads.org)
Recently, the team focused on how aqueous ionic liquids-reminiscent to molten salts, certain types of mineral-rich hydrothermal waters and the like-impact behavior of the enzymes Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis . (gauss-centre.eu)
Ionic liquids - salts that are liquid at room temperature - could potentially be made more cheaply and greenly by recycling by-products from biofuel production processes , according to US researchers. (chemistryworld.com)

and 1-butyl-3,5-dimethylpyridinium bromide which becomes a glass below −24 °C (−11 °F). Low-temperature ionic liquids can be compared to ionic solutions, liquids that contain both ions and neutral molecules, and in particular to the so-called deep eutectic solvents, mixtures of ionic and non-ionic solid substances which have much lower melting points than the pure compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Carbon monoxide is less soluble in ionic liquids than in many popular organic solvents, and hydrogen is only slightly soluble (similar to the solubility in water) and may vary relatively little between the more common ionic liquids. (wikipedia.org)
Many classes of chemical reactions, The miscibility of ionic liquids with water or organic solvents varies with side chain lengths on the cation and with choice of anion. (wikipedia.org)
An ionic liquid is a salt in which the ions are poorly coordinated, which results in these solvents being liquid below 100 C, or even at room temperature (room temperature ionic liquids, RTIL's). (organic-chemistry.org)
The absence of volatility is one of the most important benefits of ionic liquids, offering a much lower toxicity as compared to low-boiling-point solvents. (organic-chemistry.org)
Stereoselective halogenations of alkenes and alkynes can be conducted in room-temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as 'green' recyclable alternatives to chlorinated solvents. (organic-chemistry.org)
Functionality of MNPs with ionic liquids greatly influenced the solubility of the MNPs with organic solvents depending on the alkyl chain length and the anions of the ionic liquids. (hindawi.com)
Ionic liquids, which can be tuned by choosing of the cations and anions independently, exhibited unique physicochemical properties, such as tunable miscibility with water and organic solvents, and have potential applications as electrolyte materials, green solvents, catalysts, and separation mediums [ 9 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
This new ionic liquid process avoids the use of volatile organic solvents. (rsc.org)
Ionic liquids (ILs) appear as ideal water co-solvents for DNA biotechnology due to their unique properties. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
Ionic liquids (ILs) are being recognized as environmentally friendly ("green") solvents. (ku.edu)
These novel classes of liquid materials include ionic liquids, CO 2 -triggered switchable solvents (i.e. (frontiersin.org)
Ionic liquids have tunable selectivity for specific classes of analytes, giving them distinct advantages over organic solvents. (chromatographyonline.com)
In this work, a series of Brønsted acidic ionic liquids having different protonated amide-based cations were synthesized and investigated as solvents and catalysts in the oxidation desulfurization of diesel fuel, with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. (confex.com)
This is possible by using less toxic and hazardous solvents, such as ionic liquids and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). (tudelft.nl)
Ionic liquids have attracted a lot of attention as potential "green" solvents to replace conventional organic solvents due to their unique properties. (tudelft.nl)
As a result of these properties, there are many reports where ionic liquids have been used as solvents for chemical reactions. (tudelft.nl)
First, the epoxidation reaction of cinnamyl alcohol to 3-phenylglycidol was studied in the presence of ionic liquids as solvents. (tudelft.nl)
Ionic Liquids (ILs) are increasingly emerging as new innovating green solvents with great importance from academic, industrial, and environmental perspectives. (hal.science)
Novel aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) composed of ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were developed to selectively extract Ast1 and Ast2. (bvsalud.org)

Saturated aliphatic compounds are generally only sparingly soluble in ionic liquids, whereas alkenes show somewhat greater solubility, and aldehydes often completely miscible. (wikipedia.org)
Some transition metal catalysts that are soluble in ionic liquids may be recycled together with the ionic liquid, after extraction with water and the non-polar organic solvent used for product separation. (organic-chemistry.org)
For instance, ionic liquids do not dissolve in CO2, but CO2 is highly soluble in ionic liquids. (tudelft.nl)

Gas solubility follows the same trend, with carbon dioxide gas showing good solubility in many ionic liquids. (wikipedia.org)
In the case of the perhalogenated compounds (CFC-113, CFC-114, and their isomers), the solubility behavior between isomers in the ionic liquid is practically identical with large immiscibility gaps. (acs.org)
The isomer effect on the solubility in the ionic liquid becomes significant for the dihydrogen-substituted halocarbons (HFC-134 and HFC-134a), and these isomers can be separated using [emim][Tf 2 N] as an entrainer in an extractive distillation. (acs.org)
Although ionic liquids (ILs) are unlikely to act as air contaminants, their high solubility and slow degradation make them a potential threat to the aquatic environment. (unboundmedicine.com)
Ionic liquids show high solubility for both polar and apolar compounds. (tudelft.nl)

Ionic liquids can also make for safer microwave synthesis methods, because sudden pressure surges are not possible. (organic-chemistry.org)
As ionic liquids (ILs) have shown promise for enhancing CO 2 reactivity and have tunable hydrophilicities, we have initiated a program to screen with high-throughput technology a large variety of ILs and catalysts for the improved synthesis of aromatic carbamates and DMC from CO 2 . (sintef.no)
Congmin Wang present the computer-assisted design of ionic liquids for the efficient synthesis of 3(2 H )-furanones. (thieme.de)
These were each treated with diethylamine and sodium triacetoxyborohydride, which causes reductive amination and the synthesis of tertiary amine-based ionic liquids. (chemistryworld.com)

In this contribution, we present the use of imidazolium-based tunable aryl alkyl ionic liquids (TAAILs) in a catalytic Friedel-Crafts acylation. (beilstein-journals.org)
The first vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE) measurements for the binary systems of ammonia (NH3) and three imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) have been successfully measured using a gravimetric microbalance. (ku.edu)
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have previously been shown to be highly selective and efficient for this process, compared with thermochemical methods. (chemistryworld.com)
We demonstrated that these ionic liquids are excellent in pre-treating biomass and compare well with imidazolium-based ionic liquids,' Singh explains. (chemistryworld.com)

Later in 1914, Paul Walden reported one of the first stable room temperature ionic liquids ethylammonium nitrate (C 2H 5)NH+ 3·NO− 3 (m.p. 12 °C). In the 1970s and 1980s, ionic liquids based on alkyl-substituted imidazolium and pyridinium cations, with halide or tetrahalogenoaluminate anions, were developed as potential electrolytes in batteries. (wikipedia.org)
When a gate voltage is applied to the ionic liquid, an electric double layer (EDL) is formed on the surface of the MoS2/MoSe2 sample as a layer of cations or anions accumulate at the sample/IL interface to create a high capacitance, highly doping the surface. (aps.org)
Until now ionic liquid cations have been petroleum based,' says Singh. (chemistryworld.com)

Alcohols were efficiently converted to alkyl halides using 1- n -butyl-3-methylylimidazolium halide ioniq liquids in the presence of Br nsted acids at room temperature. (organic-chemistry.org)

In the course of the development of ionic liquids (ILs) as a reaction medium for chemical reactions [8,9] , the Friedel-Crafts reaction was also examined [10-16] . (beilstein-journals.org)

The dipole characteristics of ionic liquids translate into rapid excitation by microwaves, and consequently faster reactions. (organic-chemistry.org)

A sulfoxide reduction/C-S bond metathesis cascade between sulfoxides and alkyl bromides in an ionic liquid provides high-value sulfides without the use of any catalysts or bases. (organic-chemistry.org)
In this work, a novel kind of modified MNPs with N,N′-dialkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids containing different alkyl chain lengths and inorganic anions were synthesized by covalent bonding. (hindawi.com)
Effect of Salt Type and Alkyl Chain Length on the Binodal Curve of an Aqueous Two-Phase System Composed of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. (acs.org)
IL cation alkyl chains and ionic groups are segregated into domains that percolate throughout the bulk liquid. (ucsb.edu)
An iron(III) chloride hexahydrate-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene derivatives in tunable aryl alkyl ionic liquids (TAAILs) has been developed. (beilstein-journals.org)

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At that time, chloroaluminate ionic liquids were used both as a solvent and catalyst [18,19] , but these systems proved to be unstable under ambient air conditions and prone to decompose in the presence of water [20] . (beilstein-journals.org)
Following this, individual chapters written by leading figures from industry and academia address specific processes and products, such as the development of a new chloroaluminate ionic liquid as an alkylation catalyst and a new class of capillary gas chromatography (GC) columns with stationary phases based on ionic liquids. (clevelandreads.org)

Optimal Aqueous Biphasic Systems Design for the Recovery of Ionic Liquids. (acs.org)
Selectively extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis by aqueous biphasic systems composed of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solutions. (bvsalud.org)

Six kinds of (3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium (TIM) ionic liquids, (1-hexyl-3-TIM chloride (HTIMCl), 1-octyl-3-TIM chloride (OTIMCl), 1-decyl-3-TIM chloride (DTIMCl), 1-hexyl-3-TIM hexafluorophosphate (HTIMPF 6 ), 1-octyl-3-TIM hexafluorophosphate (OTIMPF 6 ), and 1-decyl-3-TIM hexafluorophosphate (DTIMPF 6 )) were synthesized (Table 1 ). (hindawi.com)
A sustainable solvent extraction process for purification of indium has been developed from a chloride aqueous feed solution using the ionic liquids Cyphos® IL 101 and Aliquat® 336. (rsc.org)

Therefore, the high-pressure phase behavior of ternary systems containing epoxidation reaction compounds, ionic liquids and scCO2 were measured. (tudelft.nl)
In the following years, ionic liquids proved to be a remarkable class of compounds due to their high thermal and chemical stability, their negligible vapor pressure and high versatility in terms of chemical structure and usage [21-24] . (beilstein-journals.org)

Any salt that melts without decomposing or vaporizing usually yields an ionic liquid. (wikipedia.org)
Using bis(trimethylsilyl) peroxide as the oxidant and simply exchanging dichloromethane, the classical solvent for Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, for the ionic liquid bmimNTf 2 , results in increased product yields. (organic-chemistry.org)
This method gives lactones in high yields with the possibility of ionic liquid recycling. (organic-chemistry.org)
The following alkylation with hexyl bromide yields the bromido ionic liquid. (beilstein-journals.org)
The furfural and p -anisaldehyde derived ionic liquids performed best with both providing 90-95% glucose and 70-75% xylose yields from switchgrass after 72 hours incubation with digestive enzymes. (chemistryworld.com)

This interesting behavior, which is known as the miscibility switch phenomenon, is generally applicable for ternary systems containing ionic liquids, CO2 and organics. (tudelft.nl)

N,N′-diallylimidazolium-based ionic liquids have also been used as extractant to highly enrich organic pollutants from aqueous samples in microextraction techniques, such as dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction and single drop microextraction, or to functionalize the stationary phase of chromatographic column and solid fiber membranes [ 15 - 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, it has been noted that the coating of ionic liquid is noncovalent, which means that ionic liquid is more easily desorbed from surface and preconcentration of organic pollutants is strongly affected by the extraction parameters. (hindawi.com)
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work about application of the chemically bonded ionic liquid modified MNPs for detecting carcinogenic organic pollutants in environmental water samples. (hindawi.com)
CO 2 -binding organic liquids, reversible ionic liquids), and nanoparticle organic hybrid materials. (frontiersin.org)

The self-assembly of surfactants Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (cationic), sodium octyl sulfate (anionic) and Tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether (non-ionic) in PIL-water mixtures were probed to understand the solvation properties of PILs in the presence of water. (ens-lyon.fr)
Ionic Liquids › Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bromide, min. (strem.com)

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Ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit particularly attractive properties for CCU, due to their tunable structures that can be harnessed for absorption and activation of CO 2 . (thieme.de)

CYPHOS® IL Phosphonium Salt Ionic Liquid Kit 3 component. (strem.com)
ORCID: 0000-0003-2944-4839 (2009) Photochromism of nitrobenzospiropyran in phosphonium based ionic liquids. (dcu.ie)

The catalyst and ionic liquid may be recycled several times. (organic-chemistry.org)
The catalytic epoxidation reaction of cinnamyl alcohol in the presence of ionic liquids was optimized with respect to various parameters: (i) type and amount of oxidizing agent, (ii) type and amount of catalyst, (iii) type of ionic liquids (ranging from hydrophobic to hydrophilic), and (iv) temperature. (tudelft.nl)
Optimum conditions were obtained using the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([bmim][Tf2N]) with 3 mol% vanadyl acetylacetonate as a catalyst and 1,5 equiv. (tudelft.nl)
Through optimization of the metal salt, reaction conditions and ionic liquids, we were able to design a robust catalyst system that tolerates different electron-rich substrates under ambient atmosphere and allows for a multigram scale. (beilstein-journals.org)

In order to scale up the reaction in an ionic liquid/scCO2 miscibility switch system, a study was started to select the optimum ionic liquid in this case. (tudelft.nl)

The viscosity and ionic conductivity of 10 new PILs of these predicted values were verified experimentally as part of this thesis, which demonstrates that high quality machine learning models can be crafted to complement experimental studies in the future. (ens-lyon.fr)
An extraction mechanism was proposed based on the relationship between the viscosity of the ionic liquid phase and the loading with indium( III ) ions. (rsc.org)
Ionic liquids have drawn much attention from various engineering fields, such as tribology, because of their unique properties of electrical conductivity, extremely low vapor pressure, low viscosity, low combustibility, etc. (jeolusa.com)

Machine learning was initially used to understand the trends between chemical structure and physicochemical properties of protic ionic liquids (PILs) in the presence of water. (ens-lyon.fr)
This short review covers the use of ionic liquids (ILs) and polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). (chromatographyonline.com)
Over the past decade, ionic liquids (ILs) and polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) have been widely studied and applied in multiple areas of science and engineering. (chromatographyonline.com)
ILs and PILs have been previously applied in various extraction methods including single-drop microextraction (SDME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), hollow fiber-supported liquid membrane extraction (HFSLME), and solid-phase extraction (SPE) (2-7). (chromatographyonline.com)

This thesis expands our understanding and provides insight into the tools available to investigate solvent behaviour of ionic liquids at a molecular level using both experiments and computational simulations. (ens-lyon.fr)

Access full book title Commercial Applications of Ionic Liquids by Mark B. Shiflett. (clevelandreads.org)

In 1992, Wilkes and Zawarotko obtained ionic liquids with 'neutral' weakly coordinating anions such as hexafluorophosphate (PF− 6) and tetrafluoroborate (BF− 4), allowing a much wider range of applications. (wikipedia.org)

The obtained six kinds of ionic liquid modified MNPs were characterized with transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetization, and FTIR, which owned the high adsorption capacity due to the nanometer size and high-density modification with ionic liquids. (hindawi.com)

This book contains the lecture notes for the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on th Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids held April 12th_16 , 2000 in Heraklion, Crete, Greece. (clevelandreads.org)

Among them, ionic liquids with lactam-based cation exhibited the best performance by completely removing S-components in short time. (confex.com)

The high affinity of indium( III ) for the ionic liquid phase gave extraction percentages above 95% over the HCl concentration range from 0.5 to 12 M. Attention was paid to the loading capacity of the ionic liquid phase and the kinetics of the extraction process. (rsc.org)

Depolarized dynamic light scattering, broadband dielectric spectroscopy, rheology, and differential scanning calorimetry were employed to systematically study the influence of MW on the mechanism of ionic transport and segmental dynamics in these materials. (osti.gov)
86. Dynamics of ionic liquids in poly(vinyl alcohol) porous scaffold. (magritek.com)
In this study molecular dynamics of ionic liquids in poly(vinyl alcohol) scaffolds were investigated. (magritek.com)
The results show that the translational diffusion, as well as the local rotational molecular dynamics is comparable to the bulk liquid state. (magritek.com)

Our proprietary process insures maximum absorption, while the balanced liquid form provides safety and flexibility. (bayho.com)

Typically, ionic liquids possess an extremely low vapor pressure, a high thermal stability, and a wide liquid range. (tudelft.nl)
Long-term thermal stability of fatty acid anion-based ionic liquids. (bournemouth.ac.uk)

The introductory chapter describes the unique physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids, and illustrates the vast potential for application of these materials across the industrial landscape. (clevelandreads.org)

Take the guesswork out of supplements: Eidon uses a proprietary process that transforms pure mineral crystals into a fully hydrated, 100% bioavailable liquid ionic supplement - easy to swallow - gentle on the stomach - made in the USA and quality tested to assure safety and potency. (vitasprings.com)

C. Bottari , I. Mancini , A. Mele , A. Gessini , C. Masciovecchio , and B. Rossi "Conformational stability of DNA in hydrated ionic liquid by synchrotron-based UV resonance raman", Proc. (spiedigitallibrary.org)

In Phase I, ISL proposes to synthesize a functionalized ionic liquid and test its thermal properties. (sbir.gov)
The unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) have made them promising candidates for electrochemical applications. (osti.gov)

Ionic Liquid Selection for the Separation of Refrigerant Mixtures Using Extractive Distillation. (acs.org)

MNPs coated with ionic liquid were applied to preconcentrate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples through forming mixed hemimicelles on the surface of MNPs. (hindawi.com)
In this work, a two-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is developed to provide a rapid, selective and sensitive analytical method to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fresh milk. (who.int)

Both ternary systems (cinnamyl alcohol + ionic liquid + CO2 and (2S,3S)-(-)-3-phenylglycidol + ionic liquid + CO2) only show one type of phase transition (liquid-vapor to liquid) at the highest pressures studied. (tudelft.nl)

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The ionic bond is usually stronger than the Van der Waals forces between the molecules of ordinary liquids. (wikipedia.org)

A team of researchers led by Prof. Dr. Holger Gohlke and Till El Harrar have been using high-performance computing (HPC) resources at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) to better understand how aqueous ionic liquids and seawater interact with enzymes relevant for a host of biotechnological applications. (gauss-centre.eu)
Using the JUWELS supercomputer at JSC, the team was able to chart the long-range effects on the enzymes that impact structure, evaluate in unprecedented detail intermolecular interactions between amino acids occurring within enzymes, and was able to identify mechanisms to strengthen enzyme resistance to negative impacts from aqueous ionic liquids, opening up new avenues to improve their efficacy in biotechnological applications. (gauss-centre.eu)

ILs are typically colorless viscous liquids. (wikipedia.org)

These bulk samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector. (cdc.gov)

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science1

Health Care2

Salts13

Solvents20

Soluble in ionic liquids3

Solubility5

Synthesis4

Imidazolium-based4

Cations3

Room temperature1

Development of ionic liquids1

Characteristics of ionic liquids1

Alkyl5

Eidon Ionic Minerals1

Chloroaluminate ionic2

Aqueous Biphasic Systems2

Chloride2

Compounds2

Yields5

Behavior1

Organic4

Bromide2

Minerals3

Tunable1

Phosphonium2

Catalyst4

Miscibility1

Viscosity3

PILs4

Solvent1

Shiflett1

Anions1

Thermogravimetric1

20001

Cation1

Kinetics1

Dynamics4

Absorption1

Thermal Stability2

Chapter1

Supplement1

Stability1

Properties2

Mixtures1

Polycyclic aromatic hyd2

Vapor1

Chromium2

Molecules1

Enzymes2

Typically1

Ultraviolet1