PumpCombined spinal epidural anBolusEpiduralAnesthesiaStimulationIntravenousInjectionsSpasticity of spinalCatheterAnalgesiaMorphineDoseImplantable Infusion SystemCerebrospinal fluidSubarachnoid spaceContinuous infusionChronicSpineBaclofen therapyOpioidsMuscular AtrophyEnter the spinal cordLumbarCord injuryInterventionalIntractableInjectionMedication2016PatientsSevereDrugsDrug DeliveryPumps MarketAbstractBrainRespiratorySufentanilLesionEfficacyTherapyNerveSurgicalAdministrationSpacePatient
Pump21
- The pump is connected to a small tube that allows medicine to be injected intravenously (into a vein), subcutaneously (just under the skin), or into the spinal area. (webmd.com)
- The surgeon also inserts a catheter, which carries pain medicine from the pump to the intrathecal space around the spinal cord. (webmd.com)
- There is a potential for electrical shorting, internal to the SynchroMed infusion pump. (asahq.org)
- The Sutureless Connector Intrathecal Catheter connector has been redesigned to reduce the potential for occlusion, which is the blockage or stoppage of drug flow due to misalignment at the point where the catheter connects to an implantable pump. (asahq.org)
- Prevention of abrupt discontinuation of intrathecal baclofen requires careful attention to programming and monitoring of the infusion system, refill scheduling and procedures, and pump alarms. (drugs.com)
- This medicine is delivered by a drug pump directly into the spinal fluid of your back. (drugs.com)
- The intrathecal drug delivery pump is a method of giving medication directly to the spinal cord to stop pain signals from being perceived by the brain. (clickpress.com)
- It consists of small pump or reservoir that is surgically located under the skin of the abdomen and transports medication through a catheter to intrathecal space or subarachnoid space. (clickpress.com)
- The neuromodulator devices segment is sub-segmented into spinal cord stimulator, intrathecal pain pump, peripheral nerve stimulator, dorsal root ganglion stimulation and other. (medgadget.com)
- Long-term continuous intrathecal baclofen (CITB) infusion is a treatment option used to manage otherwise intractable spasticity and is delivered via an implantable pump. (nih.gov)
- Furthermore, the growth of the spinal pumps market is attributed to the technological advancements and the expanding product pipeline comprising pump volume indicators, valve-regulated pumps, and pressure monitors. (abnewswire.com)
- Moreover, the subsequent demographic trend changes, such as the increase in the elderly population count, and the high awareness levels related to the availability of highly efficacious pain management solutions including the spinal pump devices are presumed to drive the industry growth in this region. (abnewswire.com)
- For instance, in November 2014, Tricumed Medizintechnik GmbH launched the implantable, programmable infusion pump for baclofen therapy. (abnewswire.com)
- A constant-rate (1 μl/h), constant- dose intrathecal infusion pump was used. (okstate.edu)
- Of the 88 patients who responded to an intrathecal bolus of 50, 75, or 100 μg of baclofen, 75 underwent implantation of a programmable pump system for chronic therapy. (elsevierpure.com)
- Another patient received an intrathecal baclofen overdose because of a human error in programming the pump. (elsevierpure.com)
- In cases of severe spasticity, the intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump may be an option. (gablofen.com)
- An intrathecal baclofen pump is a personalized, programmable pump to release medicine all the time, so you don't need to think about taking it. (gablofen.com)
- In October 2019, Denning began receiving outpatient care for chronic pain with medication administered through an intrathecal pain pump. (findlaw.com)
- This pump is implanted under the skin and filled with a customized medication that it delivers through a catheter directly to the spinal cord. (findlaw.com)
- Medtronic’s SynchroMed and IsoMed intrathecal drug delivery systems consist of an implantable pump and catheter that deliver small quantities of drug directly into the intrathecal space in the spine. These devices are used to treat chronic, intractable pain and for the management of severe spasticity of cerebral or spinal origin. (yourlawyer.com)
Combined spinal epidural an1
Bolus4
- The SynchroMed Implantable Infusion Pumps are being recalled because of the unintended delivery of drugs during the priming bolus procedure. (asahq.org)
- During this procedure, patients may receive the drug unintentionally at a high rate of infusion in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) followed by a period of reduced drug delivery after the priming bolus. (asahq.org)
- On day 7, the magnitude of tolerance was assessed by establishing dose-response curves for the effect of the chronic drug given as an intrathecal bolus. (okstate.edu)
- Should nurses be able to increase or decrease the infusion rate, or administer a bolus, under the orders of the anesthesia provider. (medscape.com)
Epidural10
- An epidural might be given for spinal stenosis or lower back pain. (webmd.com)
- Sleep Deprivation Leads to Medication Error During Spinal Epidural Anesthesia. (ahrq.gov)
- The intended anesthesia included 5 micrograms of intrathecal sufentanil and an epidural test dose of 4 ml 1.5% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine. (ahrq.gov)
- single-shot epidural or intrathecal opioids may serve as an indicator to the future success of continuous infusions or patient-controlled analgesia using opioids. (slideserve.com)
- Barolat G, Singh-Sahni K, Staas W, Jr., Shatin D, Ketcik B, Allen K. Epidural spinal cord stimulation in the management of spasms in spinal cord injury: a prospective study. (scireproject.com)
- Intrathecal and epidural infusion systems - Implantable medical devices that deliver medications where pain originates. (mainlinehealth.org)
- Why Shouldn't Nurses Manage Epidural Infusions? (medscape.com)
- The Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) position statement "Role of the Registered Nurse in the Care of the Pregnant Woman Receiving Analgesia and Anesthesia by Catheter Techniques" (readily available online) addresses the nurse's role in managing epidural, intrathecal, spinal and patient-controlled epidural analgesia catheters in the labor and delivery setting. (medscape.com)
- Possible regional anesthesia techniques include epidural analgesia, spinal analgesia (sometimes referred to as the intrathecal or subarachnoid space), or a combination of epidural and spinal analgesia. (medscape.com)
- Regional anesthesia is contraindicated in the presence of actual or anticipated serious maternal hemorrhage , refractory maternal hypotension, coagulopathy, untreated bacteremia , raised intracranial pressure, skin or soft tissue infection at the site of the epidural or spinal placement, and anticoagulant therapy. (medscape.com)
Anesthesia11
- About one hour later, the anesthesia care provider's audit of the controlled substance box found that this patient had been given intrathecal morphine 1 mg instead of 5 micrograms sufentanil. (ahrq.gov)
- Hartmann P. How I do it: magic potion for spinal anesthesia. (asra.com)
- The benefits of spinal anesthesia for lower-extremity joint replacement have been well described in recent literature. (asra.com)
- The image below depicts pencil point spinal needles used in spinal anesthesia. (medscape.com)
- Conclusion There is moderate to high quality certainty that there is evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of adding lipophilic opioids to LAs in spinal anesthesia. (bvsalud.org)
- Contraindication to spinal anesthesia. (who.int)
- Number of episodes of vomiting [Time Frame: From induction of spinal anesthesia to the end of the cesarean section. (who.int)
- Total dose of intraoperative corrective boluses of ephedrine [Time Frame: From induction of spinal anesthesia to the end of the cesarean section. (who.int)
- Number of episodes of nausea [Time Frame: From induction of spinal anesthesia to the end of the cesarean section. (who.int)
- Total dose of corrective boluses of atropine from induction of spinal anesthesia to delivery of the fetus. (who.int)
- Time Frame: from induction of spinal anesthesia to delivery of the fetus. (who.int)
Stimulation7
- Alaca R, Goktepe A, Yildiz N, Yilmaz B, Gunduz S. Effect of penile vibratory stimulation on spasticity in men with spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- Bajd T, Gregoric M, Vodovnik L, Benko H. Electrical stimulation in treating spasticity resulting from spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- Barolat G, Myklebust J, Wenninger W. Effects of spinal cord stimulation on spasticity and spasms secondary to myelopathy. (scireproject.com)
- Motor and gait improvement in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury induced by high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. (scireproject.com)
- Currently, first-stage treatments for PHN is medication, followed by the interventional therapies such as subcutaneous injection, ganglion block, pulsed radiofrequency, nerve or spinal cord stimulation, as second- stage therapies. (researchsquare.com)
- For select cases, innovative treatments like spinal cord stimulation or intrathecal drug infusion may be considered under the guidance of a pain specialist. (stinsonpress1.com)
- Spinal cord stimulation - Implantation of a medical device, similar to a pacemaker, that blocks pain signals before they can travel to the brain. (mainlinehealth.org)
Intravenous3
- This error resulted in slower onset of analgesia, significant pruritus requiring intravenous naloxone infusion, prolonged respiratory monitoring for 24 hours after intrathecal morphine injection, and potential neurological injury due to intrathecal administration of a product that was not preservative-free. (ahrq.gov)
- They can also be attached to a catheter for intravenous, intra-arterial, or intrathecal infusion. (alzet.com)
- Interim results from the 15-year LT-002 study, which includes both presymptomatic and symptomatic patient populations, as well as intravenous (IV) and intrathecal (IT) administration methods were also presented, with all patients (100%) maintaining motor milestones achieved during their respective parent studies in the follow-up period. (worldpharmanews.com)
Injections1
- A total of 93 patients with intractable spasticity due to either spinal cord injury (59 cases), multiple sclerosis (31 cases), or other spinal pathology (three cases) were entered into a randomized double-blind placebo- controlled screening protocol of intrathecal baclofen test injections. (elsevierpure.com)
Spasticity of spinal1
Catheter3
- Medtronic recommends the previous design of Sutureless Connector Intrathecal Catheter Products no longer be used due to greater potential for misalignment and subsequent occlusion. (asahq.org)
- For craniofacial neuropathic pain,the traditional approach has been to place the intrathecal catheter tip usually below the level of cranial nerve root entry zones, which may lead to an insufficient analgesic effect. (researchsquare.com)
- To provide reference for clinical treatment, the present manuscript aims to briefly describe a case of intrathecal targeted drug delivery by placing the catheter tip near the interpeduncular cistern for the treatment of PHN patient with refractory pain. (researchsquare.com)
Analgesia6
- Intrathecal analgesia is an interventional form of pain relief with definite advantages and multiple complications. (jpalliativecare.com)
- Administration of intrathecal analgesia needs a good resource setting and expertise. (jpalliativecare.com)
- Early complications of intrathecal analgesia can be very distressing and managing these complications will need a high degree of knowledge, technical expertise and level of experience. (jpalliativecare.com)
- Sixty-seven nonrandomized patients undergoing major hip surgery performed under spinal analgesia with bupivacaine and morphine (0.3 mg) were studied. (bmj.com)
- Spinal fentanyl and sufentanil significantly reduced postoperative pain and opioid consumption, increased analgesia and pruritus. (bvsalud.org)
- In obstetric patients, regional analgesia refers to partial or complete loss of pain sensation below the T8 to T10 spinal level. (medscape.com)
Morphine7
- To determine the cross tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of μ and δ opioids in the spinal cord, rats received a 7-day infusion of one of three concentrations each of morphine (2, 6, or 20 nmol/h) or D-ala 2 -D-leu 5 - enkephalin (DADLE) (2, 6, or 20 nmol/h). (okstate.edu)
- Cross-tolerance was assessed in separate groups of animals with identical infusions by establishing morphine dose-response curves in DADLE-tolerant animals and DADLE dose-response curves in morphine-tolerant animals. (okstate.edu)
- For morphine and DADLE tolerance, a parallel rightward shift in the dose-response curve was produced with the degree of shift proportional to the log of the infusion dose. (okstate.edu)
- Thus, at the infusion rate of 6 nmol/h for either morphine or DADLE, the shift of the tolerance dose-response curves was 55- and 33-fold, respectively. (okstate.edu)
- At the infusion dose of 6 nmol/h for either morphine or DADLE, the shift of the cross-tolerance curve for DADLE in morphine-tolerant rats was only 2.7-fold, whereas that of morphine in DADLE-tolerant rats was only 1.3-fold. (okstate.edu)
- These data are interpreted as supporting separate sites of spinal antinociceptive action for morphine and DADLE in the rat and emphasize the importance of a dose-dependent induction and assessment of tolerance in studies of tolerance and cross-tolerance. (okstate.edu)
- Inflammatory mass is a chronic inflammatory or granulomatous mass at or near the tip of intrathecal catheters and has been reported with the infusion of morphine, baclofen and other physician-prescribed drugs and/or mixtures, including pharmacy-compounded drugs. (yourlawyer.com)
Dose6
- This product may cause serious adverse health consequences, including drug under dose, loss of symptom relief, drug withdrawal symptoms caused by the lack of drug delivery to the Intrathecal space, and/or death. (asahq.org)
- The dose of intrathecal baclofen will be different for different patients and will depend on the type of muscle tightness that you have. (drugs.com)
- 2 We have developed a single-injection intrathecal technique by adjusting medication and dose to meet this challenge. (asra.com)
- Intrathecal medication and dose are selected based on best estimates for case duration (Table 1). (asra.com)
- Although the dose of intrathecal baclofen required to control spasticity increased with time, drug tolerance was not a limiting factor in this study. (elsevierpure.com)
- The use of interpeduncular cistern intrathecal infusion with low dose of opioids by IDDS may present an effective alternative in the management of severe PHN and other forms of neuropathic-associated craniofacial pain. (researchsquare.com)
Implantable Infusion System1
- In June 2013, Medtronic, Inc. initiated four medical device notifications to customers worldwide about the SynchroMed Implantable Infusion System. (asahq.org)
Cerebrospinal fluid3
- Once the intrathecal space is accessed, as demonstrated by a continuous return of cerebrospinal fluid, our local anesthetic of choice can be injected. (asra.com)
- Spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) venous fistulas are an under-recognized cause for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) which may result in postural headaches. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Drugs are injected into the spinal canal to reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which is useful in pain management applications. (orthoking.in)
Subarachnoid space1
- NOTE 1 Sites for the neuraxial application include the spine, intrathecal or subarachnoid space, ventricles of the brain, and the epi-, extra-, or peri-dural space. (iso.org)
Continuous infusion1
- Neuraxial application procedures include continuous infusion of wounds with local anaesthetic agents. (iso.org)
Chronic5
- The intrathecal pumps delivery method can minimize chronic pain and trauma caused by several chronic diseases such as cancer and multiple sclerosis. (clickpress.com)
- The global spinal pumps market is expected to reach USD 319.8 million by 2024, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. The rising geriatric population base, which is highly susceptible to developing chronic disorders, such as cancer as well as movement and neurological disorders, leading frequently to subsequent spasms and pain, is presumed to propel the need for spinal pumps. (abnewswire.com)
- No deaths or new permanent neurological deficits occurred as a result of surgery or chronic intrathecal baclofen administration. (elsevierpure.com)
- Adams M, Hicks A. Comparison of the effects of body-weight-supported treadmill training and tilt-table standing on spasticity in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- Chronic pain caused by a spinal condition can manifest itself in a variety of different ways. (nyspine.com)
Spine2
- Avellino A & Loeser J. Intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of intractable spasticity of spine or brain etiology. (scireproject.com)
- Our spine specialists will provide you with an unparalleled level of patient care, which spans all aspects of orthopedic and spinal medicine. (nyspine.com)
Baclofen therapy3
- Severe spasticity can be managed using oral medications or ITB Therapy (intrathecal baclofen therapy). (gablofen.com)
- Intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) is an established and widely accepted treatment option for severe spasticity. (gablofen.com)
- See how intrathecal baclofen therapy with Gablofen is helping Lynn and others find relief. (gablofen.com)
Opioids1
- The analyzed studies did not report any case of in-hospital mortality related to spinal lipophilic opioids. (bvsalud.org)
Muscular Atrophy2
- And it does raise enormous hopes for the possibility that we can replace cells that are dying in a disease like spinal muscular atrophy. (cshl.edu)
- Novartis presented new data which underscore the transformational and sustained benefit of Zolgensma® (onasemnogene abeparvovec), an essential one-time gene therapy for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). (worldpharmanews.com)
Enter the spinal cord2
- Nociceptive impulses enter the spinal cord via the dorsal nerve roots of T 10 --L 1 before ascending toward higher centers via the spinothalamic tracts. (medscape.com)
- These pain impulses are transmitted by afferent, slow conducting, A-delta and C fibers that accompany the sympathetic nerves and enter the spinal cord at the T10 to L1 level. (medscape.com)
Lumbar2
- From the hypogastric plexus, pain transmission is carried toward the spinal cord in the lumbar paravertebral sympathetic chain. (medscape.com)
- DI started with a lumbar puncture with intrathecal (infusion into the spinal fluid) methotrexate. (mayathedragon.com)
Cord injury11
- The results of this study indicate that intrathecal baclofen infusion can be safe and effective for the long-term treatment of intractable spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. (elsevierpure.com)
- This study evaluates the impact of a dual therapeutic intervention utilizing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and hiPSC-NS/PC transplantation on motor function restoration following spinal cord injury (SCI). (biomedcentral.com)
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe motor and sensory damage, substantially reducing quality of life. (biomedcentral.com)
- Adams M & Hicks A. Spasticity after spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- The spinal cord injury spasticity evaluation tool: Development and evaluation. (scireproject.com)
- Al-Khodairy A, Gobelet C, Rossier A. Has botulinum toxin type A a place in the treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury patients? (scireproject.com)
- Anderson K, Borisoff J, Johnson R, Stiens S, Elliott S. Long-term effects of spinal cord injury on sexual function in men: implications for neuroplasticity. (scireproject.com)
- Anderson K, Borisoff J, Johnson R, Stiens S, Elliott S. Spinal cord injury influences psychogenic as well as physical components of female sexual ability. (scireproject.com)
- Balioussis C, Hitzig S, Flett H, Noreau L, Craven B. Identifying and classifying quality of life tools for assessing spasticity after spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- Benz E, Hornby T, Bode R, Scheidt R, Schmit B. A physiologically based clinical measure for spastic reflexes in spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
- Bohannon R. Tilt table standing for reducing spasticity after spinal cord injury. (scireproject.com)
Interventional1
- Areas of Special Interest: Evaluation and treatment of axial pain implementing pharmacological and interventional approaches including spinal cord neuromodulation techniques, interventional therapies for headache treatment including radiofrequency ablation techniques, and acute pain management. (unc.edu)
Intractable1
- Abel N & Smith R. Intrathecal baclofen for treatment of intractable spinal spasticity. (scireproject.com)
Injection1
- Gablofen ® (baclofen injection) is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic agonist indicated for use in the management of severe spasticity of cerebral or spinal origin in adult and pediatric patients age 4 years and above. (gablofen.com)
Medication2
- Intrathecal pumps are a category of analgesic infusion pumps that deliver medication into the individual's body for pain management. (clickpress.com)
- According to Denning, her physician prescribed medication to be filled by AIS which is a national compounding pharmacy that provides specialized home infusion therapy using pain pumps. (findlaw.com)
20163
- Technavio's analysts forecast the global intrathecal pumps market to grow at a CAGR of 4.27% during the period 2016-2020. (clickpress.com)
- The report covers the present scenario and the growth prospects of the global intrathecal pumps market for 2016-2020. (clickpress.com)
- Technavio's report, Global Intrathecal Pumps Market 2016-2020, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. (clickpress.com)
Patients6
- Special attention should be given to patients at apparent risk (eg, spinal cord injuries at T-6 or above, communication difficulties, history of withdrawal symptoms from oral or intrathecal baclofen). (drugs.com)
- Side effects such as hallucinations, confusion or mental depression, other mood or mental changes, and severe drowsiness may be especially likely to occur in elderly patients, who may be more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of intrathecal baclofen. (drugs.com)
- This can be attributed to the rising government initiatives and recommendations, such as by the British Pain Society to promote effective spinal drug delivery in the treatment of spasticity in adults, as well as to support and provide guidance to the institutions and healthcare practitioners to maximize the benefits in patients undergoing treatment. (abnewswire.com)
- However, patients who experience uncontrolled refractory pain despite conservative treatment may benefit greatly from intrathecal drug delivery system (IDDS), which is referred to as third-stage therapy by the Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC) [ 4 ] . (researchsquare.com)
- Our patients often describe their symptoms as "neck or back pain", simply because spinal problems can be so complex and often present as overwhelming pain. (nyspine.com)
- Medtronic said the classification from the FDA does not change the recommendations made to physicians in the January 2008 letter and there is no new action required of physicians or patients in regards to the defective SynchroMed and IsoMed infusion systems. (yourlawyer.com)
Severe3
- Azouvi P, Mane M, Thiebaut J, Denys P, Remy-Neris O, Bussel B. Intrathecal baclofen administration for control of severe spinal spasticity: functional improvement and long-term follow-up. (scireproject.com)
- Wanting to be free from the frustration of falling and wanting more relief from her severe spasticity, Lynn underwent a trial of Intrathecal Baclofen (ITB) therapy at her doctor's suggestion. (gablofen.com)
- Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) appears most beneficial in severe spastic tetraparetics or tetraplegics, but the evaluation of the outcome of ITB and the benefit of the treatment are largely subjective. (ox.ac.uk)
Drugs3
- The pain management category dominated the application segment of the overall spinal pumps market in terms of revenue share at over 69.0%in 2015, owing to the increasing preference for long-term relief alternatives and the high prescription prices associated with conventional opioid drugs used in pain management. (abnewswire.com)
- Spasticity can be addressed with drugs, including intrathecal baclofen, and nonpharmacologic approaches. (medscape.com)
- An animation shows how drugs for SMA may be delivered via infusion into the spinal cord. (cshl.edu)
Drug Delivery2
Pumps Market3
- Radiantinsights.com includes Global Spinal Pumps Market Report Review To Their Database Up To 2024. (abnewswire.com)
- In addition, the rising involvement of the industry players in the development of treatment solutions through strategic alliances is likely to present the intrathecal pumps market with a potential growth platform. (abnewswire.com)
- Additionally, the rising number of government initiatives focusing towards the enhancement of the existent healthcare infrastructure, for instance in China, the healthcare reforms introduced through an initiative, the New Health Care Reform Plan, implemented by the Chinese State Council and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), serve as the key growth contributing factors towards the growth of the regional spinal pumps market of China. (abnewswire.com)
Abstract1
- Abstract Introduction Spinal infusions of either fentanyl or sufentanil have been reported in international reports, articles, and scientific events worldwide. (bvsalud.org)
Brain1
- Subsequent changes in the spinal cord and brain amplify pain signals, a complex process still not fully understood. (stinsonpress1.com)
Respiratory1
- The rate of respiratory depression was 0.7% and 0.8% when spinal fentanyl or sufentanil was added and when it was not, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Sufentanil1
- This study aimed to determine whether intrathecal fentanyl or sufentanil offers safety in mortality and perioperative adverse events. (bvsalud.org)
Lesion1
- Nine days after the injury, hiPSC-NS/PCs were transplanted into the lesion epicenter of the injured spinal cord, and the functional and histological outcomes were determined. (biomedcentral.com)
Efficacy3
- Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cell (hiPSC-NS/PC)-based cell transplantation has emerged as a groundbreaking method for replacing damaged neural cells and stimulating functional recovery, but its efficacy is strongly influenced by the state of the injured spinal microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
- Therefore, the development of a strategy that improves the environment of the injured spinal cord to enhance the efficacy of NS/PC transplantation is crucial. (biomedcentral.com)
- As such, we propose that HGF treatment, with its ability to improve the spinal cord environment after SCI, could offer a distinct advantage in enhancing the efficacy of hiPSC-NS/PC transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
Therapy1
Nerve2
- Motor nerve cells are cells that have a cell body that starts in the spinal cord and extends its exons, the wiring of the nerve as far as the big toe and so that's as long as a meter long. (cshl.edu)
- Percutaneous discectomy - A surgical technique to remove a spinal disc that is pressing on a nerve root or the spinal cord, and causing pain. (mainlinehealth.org)
Surgical1
- Our neck and back doctors work tirelessly to create a non-surgical treatment plan for each and every client, but some cases may require spinal surgery. (nyspine.com)
Administration2
- Implantable infusion pumps for continuous administration of test agents to unrestrained laboratory animals. (alzet.com)
- Medtronic Inc.'s January communication regarding problems with its SynchroMed and IsoMed infusion systems has now been deemed a Class I recall by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA). A Class I recall indicates a situation in which there is a reasonable probability that use of the product will cause injury or death. (yourlawyer.com)
Space2
Patient1
- Analgesic infusion pumps are sub-segmented into patient control infusion pumps, external infusion pumps, intrathecal infusion pumps and other. (medgadget.com)