AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and Processes
Intraocular LymphomaEye NeoplasmsRetinal NeoplasmsLymphomaVitreous BodyLymphoma, B-CellVitrectomyLymphoma, Large B-Cell, DiffuseIntraocular PressureLymphoma, Non-HodgkinCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsUveitisLenses, IntraocularLymphoma, T-CellLens Implantation, IntraocularLymphoma, FollicularBurkitt LymphomaLymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal ZoneTonometry, OcularLymphoma, Mantle-CellGlaucomaLymphoma, T-Cell, CutaneousOcular HypertensionAqueous HumorLymphoma, T-Cell, PeripheralLymphoma, AIDS-RelatedLymphoma, Large-Cell, AnaplasticPhacoemulsificationCataract ExtractionAnterior ChamberGlaucoma, Open-AngleHodgkin DiseaseEye Foreign BodiesEyeVisual AcuityTimololEndophthalmitisScleraInjections, IntraocularOphthalmic SolutionsCiliary BodyLymphoma, Large-Cell, ImmunoblasticTrabeculectomyIrisPhakic Intraocular LensesTrabecular MeshworkPseudophakiaOcular HypotensionVincristineProstaglandins F, SyntheticAnterior Eye SegmentCataract
Ocular lymphomaKnown as primary intraocularInflammationDiagnosisRetinoblastomaVitreoretinalTumorsVitreousPCNSLChoroidMelanoma and lymphomaSecondary intraocularPIOLCancersInclude intraocularUveal lymphomasPolymerase Chain ReSimultaneous IntraocularCiliary bodyHodgkinRetinaOrbitalChemotherapyEyeballMarginal zoneMalignantSystemicPatientsInvolvementCell lymphomaBiopsyTypicallyAdults1994ClassificationIndolentConjunctivalUveitisEpidemiologyChoroidalLymphocytesSymptomsGlaucomaRarelyDiagnosticCancerRearrangementRarityImmune system
Ocular lymphoma9
  • Whereas Hodgkin lymphoma rarely causes ocular disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common type of ocular lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • Depending on the site of involvement, ocular lymphoma can be intraocular, and adnexal. (medscape.com)
  • Hence, all patients with ocular lymphoma should have a complete workup to rule out systemic lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • The prognosis for ocular lymphoma depends on the tumor's histologic type and stage and the treatment employed. (medscape.com)
  • The incidence of ocular lymphoma increases with advancing age. (medscape.com)
  • Objective -To determine prevalence, reason for evaluation, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with presumed solitary ocular lymphoma (PSOL). (avma.org)
  • Recent molecular studies demonstrating viral DNA in the ocular lymphoma cells suggest a role for infectious agents in the pathogenesis of intraocular lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • Primary ocular lymphoma should be considered in persons older than 50 years with persistent intermediate or posterior uveitis that does not respond to anti-inflammatory therapy. (aafp.org)
  • Ocular lymphoma stems from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cells ) dividing and growing uncontrollably. (healthprep.com)
Known as primary intraocular2
  • This entry looks at intraocular lymphoma, known as primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), one of the subtypes of lymphoma. (lymphomainfo.net)
  • These are known as primary intraocular cancers with melanoma being the most common form in adults. (opticalmasters.com)
Inflammation9
  • Accounting for approximately 10% of blindness in the USA, uveitis refers to a group of heterogeneous diseases that share the features of intraocular inflammation but whose etiologies include idiopathic autoimmune disease, infections, rheumatologic diseases and masquerade syndromes. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1-3 ] The most critical question in evaluating a patient with intraocular inflammation is whether the disease can be classified into a specific, defined syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Nonspecific term describing intraocular granulomatous inflammation. (entokey.com)
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP): Usually decreased because inflammation of the ciliary body causes decreased production of aqueous humor. (entokey.com)
  • 1 Generalized intraocular inflammation is described as panuveitis, whereas inflammation centered in the optic nerve head with secondary peripapillary involvement is classified under posterior uveitis as neuroretinitis. (aafp.org)
  • Rare causes of floaters include intraocular tumors (eg, lymphoma) and vitritis (inflammation of the vitreous). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The electronic patient records from all patients presenting in our clinic between January, 1st 2002 and March, 1st 2007 were retrospectively searched for diagnoses indicating intraocular inflammation. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
  • Data analysis comprised two steps: Firstly, a database search was done for all relevant diagnoses that were indicative of intraocular inflammation, e.g. cystoid macular edema. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
  • The search also included systemic diseases known to be associated with intraocular inflammation, e.g. sarcoidosis. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
Diagnosis7
  • Typically, if a diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma is made, then it is followed by a complete neurological work-up to see if there is any CNS involvement or not. (lymphomainfo.net)
  • Diagnosis often is based on obtaining an intraocular biopsy specimen. (medscape.com)
  • From an initial retrospective review of 1543 patients with a diagnosis of intraocular and/or orbital spaceoccupied lesions, 8 patients (4 males and 4 females) with a coexistence of both intraocular and orbital mass lesions were identified. (omicsonline.org)
  • Based upon these findings, the presence of a lesion involving both the orbit and eye should be included when a diagnosis of retinoblastoma, idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor, lymphoma, and/or Sturge- Weber syndrome is proposed. (omicsonline.org)
  • Immunocytology can also aid in the diagnosis given that the majority of uveal lymphomas are of B-cell origin, they should express B-cell antigens such as CD20, CD79a or PAX5. (eyewiki.org)
  • Dr Chan and her team recently published their data in one of the top Haematology journals demonstrating a novel technique that not only aids in early diagnosis of intraocular lymphomas but also enables her team to identify each individual's chemotherapy approach. (snec.com.sg)
  • Bottaro MBerti EBiondi AMigone NCrosti L Heteroduplex analysis of T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangements for diagnosis and monitoring of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. (jamanetwork.com)
Retinoblastoma5
  • The main types of eye cancer are intraocular lymphoma, melanoma, retinoblastoma and hemangiomas. (cancercare.org)
  • Patients' ages ranged from 22 months to 71 years (median = 3.0 years) and included 5 cases of retinoblastoma, 1 case of idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor, 1 case of T-cell lymphoma, and 1 case of Sturge- Weber syndrome. (omicsonline.org)
  • Retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma in adults represent two of the most common primary intraocular tumor s [ 1 , 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • In children, retinoblastoma (cancer that starts in cells in the retina) is the most common primary intraocular cancer. (opticalmasters.com)
  • While the most common intraocular cancers in adults are melanoma and lymphoma, the most common in children is retinoblastoma, which starts in retinal cells. (uniqacare.com)
Vitreoretinal1
  • In addition, ocular oncologists perform intravitreal injections of MMC for intraocular lymphoma, among other esoteric vitreoretinal applications, none of which carries formal FDA labeling. (crstoday.com)
Tumors3
  • This type of lymphoma represents 1% of NHLs, 1% of intracranial tumors, and less than 1% of intraocular tumors. (medscape.com)
  • PCNSL occurs at an incidence of 0.47 per 100,000 person-years, accounting for 4%-6% of extranodal lymphomas and 4% of newly diagnosed CNS tumors. (medscape.com)
  • This type of lymphoma is estimated to represent 1% of NHLs, 1% of intracranial tumors, and less than 1% of intraocular tumors. (medscape.com)
Vitreous1
PCNSL8
  • PIOL is a subset of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). (wikipedia.org)
  • PCNSL (and PIOL) are most commonly a diffuse large B-cell immunohistologic subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most cases of PIOL eventuate to central nervous system involvement (PCNSL) while only 20% of PCNSL lead to intraocular (PIOL) involvement. (wikipedia.org)
  • It can also be a secondary site, and therefore be considered a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and this is in fact the biggest concern with intraocular lymphoma-that it is found to have spread from the central nervous system (CNS). (lymphomainfo.net)
  • PIOL is mainly a subtype of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). (medscape.com)
  • Lymphoma of the eye often happens with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), which is lymphoma of the brain. (aao.org)
  • Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has been known by many other names, including reticulum cell sarcoma, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, and microglioma. (medscape.com)
  • The DLBCL type of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is composed of immunoblasts or centroblasts that have a predilection for blood vessels and thus demonstrate a typical angiocentric growth pattern. (medscape.com)
Choroid1
  • Image 4: OCT imaging showing a lumpy bumpy choroid at presentation in a patient with uveal lymphoma. (eyewiki.org)
Melanoma and lymphoma2
Secondary intraocular4
  • It may be either a primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) or a secondary intraocular lymphoma (SIOL). (medscape.com)
  • Secondary intraocular cancers don't start in the eye itself but originate elsewhere in the body. (opticalmasters.com)
  • primary and secondary intraocular cancers. (healthprep.com)
  • Secondary intraocular cancers do not originate from inside the eye. (healthprep.com)
PIOL1
  • Intraocular lymphoma may affect the eye secondarily from a metastasis from a non-ocular tumor or may arise within the eye primarily (primary intraocular lymphoma, PIOL). (wikipedia.org)
Cancers1
  • Lymphoma' is an umbrella term that loosely refers to several dozen independent categorical types and subtypes of cancers of the lymphatic system. (lymphomainfo.net)
Include intraocular1
  • This may include intraocular melanomas, although not yet proven. (uniqacare.com)
Uveal lymphomas1
  • immunophenotype of 2 uveal lymphomas was not determined. (avma.org)
Polymerase Chain Re5
  • Furthermore, adjunctive testing including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to identify monoclonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene (for B-cell lymphomas) or T-cell receptor (TCR, for the very rare T-cell lymphomas) can be performed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genotypic analysis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a comparative study of southern blot analysis with polymerase chain reaction amplification of the T-cell receptor-gamma gene. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Diss TCWatts MPan LXBurke MLinch DIsaacson PG The polymerase chain reaction in the demonstration of monoclonality in T-cell lymphomas. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Scheller UMuche JMSterry WLukowsky A Detection of clonal T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma by polymerase chain reaction: comparison of mutation detection enhancement-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, temperature gradient gel electrophoresis and fragment analysis of sequencing gels. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Tok JSzaboles MJSilvers DNZhong JMatsushima AY Detection of a clonal T-cell receptor gamma chain gene rearrangements by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR/DGGE) in archival specimens from patients with early cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: correlation of histologic findings with PCR/DGGE. (jamanetwork.com)
Simultaneous Intraocular1
  • A retrospective review was performed on cases of Chinese patients with clinical findings of simultaneous intraocular and orbital spaceoccupied lesions. (omicsonline.org)
Ciliary body1
Hodgkin7
Retina1
  • Intraocular lymphoma is categorized according to whether it predominantly involves the retina or the uvea. (eyewiki.org)
Orbital7
  • Orbital and adnexal lymphoma is associated with systemic lymphoma in 30-35% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • The median age at presentation for orbital and adnexal lymphoma is older than 60 years. (medscape.com)
  • Concomitant intraocular and orbital space-occupied lesions are relatively rare and this is the first report stressing the underlying causes of concomitant intraocular and intraorbital lesions . (omicsonline.org)
  • In this paper, we present cases showing both intraocular and orbital soft tissue masses and highlight their clinical, pathological and imaging features. (omicsonline.org)
  • A retrospective review was performed on cases with both intraocular and orbital spaceoccupied lesions who were treated at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, of Sun Yat-sen University, China between Jan 1, 2000 and Dec 31, 2011. (omicsonline.org)
  • Patients demonstrating a concomitant intraocular and orbital spaceoccupied lesion are relatively rare [ 4 , 5 ] and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report stressing the underlying causes of concomitant intraocular and intraorbital lesions in the literature. (omicsonline.org)
  • Extramarginal zone lymphomas, which account for most primary orbital and adnexal lymphomas, are characterized by an indolent natural history with frequent, continuous extranodal relapses. (medscape.com)
Chemotherapy2
  • Treatments included enucleation (4 intraocular) and chemotherapy (3 intraocular and 2 conjunctival). (avma.org)
  • PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combining rituximab with combination chemotherapy given with osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption plus sodium thiosulfate in treating patients who have refractory or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma. (survivornet.com)
Eyeball4
  • If the cancer starts inside the eyeball it's called intraocular cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This is lymphoma that begins to grow in the eyeball. (opticalmasters.com)
  • When cancer starts in the eyeball, it is called primary intraocular cancer. (uniqacare.com)
  • Eye cancer is a rare tumor that can affect the outer parts of the eye (such as the eyelid) or the inside of the eyeball (intraocular cancer). (uniqacare.com)
Marginal zone1
  • [ 4 ] Clinical outcomes differ by histologic subtype with 5-year overall survival rates ranging from 30% in DLBCL to 79% in marginal zone lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Malignant3
  • Intraocular lymphoma is a rare malignant form of eye cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • The incidence of lymphoproliferative ocular diseases, especially malignant lymphoma, has increased over the years. (medscape.com)
  • Central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lymph tissue of the brain and spinal cord. (jabalpurchronicle.org)
Systemic2
  • A case is presented of an intraocular T-cell lymphoma mimicking a ring melanoma of the iris and being the first manifestation of systemic disease. (nih.gov)
  • Veelken HWood GSSklar J Molecular staging of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: evidence for systemic involvement in early disease. (jamanetwork.com)
Patients10
  • [ 10 ] Intraocular lymphoma typically affects elderly patients, with reported series having mean ages in the seventh decade of life. (medscape.com)
  • Corticosteroids have a cytotoxic effect on lymphoma cells and can induce a radiographic response in up to half of patients, which limits the sensitivity of diagnostic tools like biopsy or lumbar puncture. (medscape.com)
  • Results -Animals with intraocular (4 dogs and 1 cat) or conjunctival (3 dogs and 1 cat) lymphoma represented 0.1% and 0.08% of patients with lymphoma evaluated at the hospital during the study period, respectively. (avma.org)
  • animals with conjunctival lymphoma represented 0.16% of all patients with conjunctivitis. (avma.org)
  • Lymph node metastasis was detected in 2 patients with conjunctival lymphoma. (avma.org)
  • Treatment aims to treat intraocular and retinal diseases to restore patients' visions and lower the number of deaths by reducing the incidence rate of CNS relapse. (iol.link)
  • Long-term follow-up of intraocular pressure and pressure-lowering medication in patients after ab-interno trabeculectomy with the Trabectome. (online.de)
  • Dynamic Contour Tonometry, Tono-Pen XL®, and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry in Comparison to Intracameral Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Measurements in Patients with Corneal Pathologies. (online.de)
  • Comparative measurement of intraocular pressure by Icare tonometry and Airpuff tonometry in healthy subjects and patients wearing therapeutic soft contact lenses. (online.de)
  • Determine the efficacy of rituximab, carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide or etoposide phosphate and cytarabine administered in conjunction with osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption and high-dose sodium thiosulfate, in terms of complete response rate, in patients with refractory or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma. (survivornet.com)
Involvement1
  • Previous cases of T-cell lymphoma with ocular involvement are reviewed. (nih.gov)
Cell lymphoma6
Biopsy2
  • [ 6 ] Additionally, a biopsy of lymphoma pre-treated with corticosteroids may reveal only gliosis or lymphocytic and histiocytic infiltrates without identifiable neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
  • Better imaging techniques, improved biopsy techniques, and newer classification systems are likely to have contributed to the apparent increase in the incidence of lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Typically1
Adults1
  • The most common form of primary intraocular cancer in adults is melanoma, followed by lymphoma. (uniqacare.com)
19941
Classification4
  • Over the years, different systems have been used to classify lymphomas, including the Rappaport Classification (used until the 1970s), the Working Formulation, the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation, and the Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification (REAL). (medscape.com)
  • this represents the first worldwide consensus document on lymphoma classification. (medscape.com)
  • [12] . Secondary classification occurs with an intraocular manifestation of disseminated disease. (eyewiki.org)
  • Most cases were published before 1999 and are described in terms of the older "working classification" for lymphoma, with immunohistochemistry performed in less than 20% of cases [8]. (bjuinternational.com)
Indolent1
  • the remaining 10% are T-cell, mantle cell, Burkitt, or indolent B-cell lymphomas. (medscape.com)
Conjunctival1
  • Median PFST and OST for animals with conjunctival lymphoma were 221 and 549 days, respectively. (avma.org)
Uveitis2
  • The most common presentation of intraocular lymphoma is decreased vision with non-resolving uveitis. (medscape.com)
  • The most common presentation of intraocular lymphoma is decreased vision with nonresolving uveitis. (medscape.com)
Epidemiology1
  • DelveInsight's "CNS Lymphoma - Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2032" report delivers an in-depth understanding of the BP, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the BP market trends in the United States, the EU4, and the UK, and Japan. (jabalpurchronicle.org)
Choroidal3
  • Primary choroidal lymphoma accounts for the majority of cases and is most frequently a low-grade lymphoma. (eyewiki.org)
  • One hallmark of a choroidal lymphoma is the presence of extra-scleral extension of the choroidal mass, which is often seen with ultrasound imaging. (eyewiki.org)
  • Images 1 and 2 demonstrate choroidal thickening, choroidal folds, and hyper-autofluorescent flecks in the macula in a patient presenting with uveal lymphoma. (eyewiki.org)
Lymphocytes1
  • Primary intraocular lymphoma (lymphoma of the eye) is a cancer that involves the body's white blood cells (lymphocytes). (aao.org)
Symptoms1
  • Intraocular foreign bodies can cause floaters but usually manifest with other symptoms, such as loss of vision, eye pain, or redness. (msdmanuals.com)
Glaucoma3
Rarely1
  • Lymphomas can also start in organs such as the lungs, stomach, and rarely, the eyes. (aao.org)
Diagnostic1
  • Primary intraocular lymphoma: improving the diagnostic procedure. (lymphomainfo.net)
Cancer1
  • Retinoblastomas are the most common form of primary intraocular cancer in children. (uniqacare.com)
Rearrangement1
  • Landa NGZelickson BDPeters MSMuller SAPittelkow MR Lymphoma versus pseudolymphoma of the skin: gene rearrangement study of 21 cases with clinicopathologic correlation. (jamanetwork.com)
Rarity1
  • Due to the rarity of disease, there is limited information regarding the typical features of uveal lymphoma. (eyewiki.org)
Immune system2