Specifically, type I and type III interferons are antiviral cytokines, triggering ISGs that combat viral infections. (wikipedia.org)
The type II interferon class only has one cytokine (IFN-γ), which has some antiviral activity, but is more important in establishing cellular immunity through activating macrophages and promoting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, by usurping both IRF-1 and its transcriptional antagonist IRF-2 to activate Qp, EBV has evolved not only a mechanism to constitutively express EBNA-1 but also one which may sustain EBNA-1 expression in the face of the antiviral effects of interferon. (psu.edu)
In a prospective study of 158 patients with chronic HCV infection and liver cirrhosis who received interferon-free therapies with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) and 184 control HCV patients with untreated liver cirrhosis, the short-term risk (1.5 years) for de novo HCC did not change. (medscape.com)
While butyrate is a known histone deacetylase inhibitor that activates expression of many genes involved in immune system pathways, its effects on virus infections and on the antiviral type I interferon (IFN) response have not been adequately investigated. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanistically, butyrate suppresses levels of specific antiviral IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) products, such as RIG-I and IFITM3, in human and mouse cells without inhibiting IFN-induced phosphorylation or nuclear translocation of the STAT1 and STAT2 transcription factors . (bvsalud.org)
Here, we newly show that butyrate reprograms the innate antiviral immune response mediated by type I interferons (IFNs). (bvsalud.org)
Many of the antiviral genes induced by type I IFNs are repressed in the presence of butyrate , resulting in increased virus infection and replication. (bvsalud.org)
Interferons are naturally produced proteins with antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory actions. (medscape.com)
IFNs3
It's currently estimated that 10% of the human genome is regulated by interferons (IFNs). (wikipedia.org)
Because a major function of Toll-like receptor 7 is to induce type I interferons (IFNs), our goal was to determine whether IFNalpha can induce or accelerate the manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in female (NZW x BXSB)F(1) mice. (nih.gov)
Interferons (IFNs) are secreted cytokines with the ability to activate expression of IFN stimulated genes that increase resistance of cells to virus infections. (lu.se)
Regulatory factor5
The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3 is essential for viral-induced IFN-β synthesis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Results of a yeast one-hybrid screen suggested that a subset of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family may regulate EBNA-1 transcription by targeting an essential cis-regulatory element of Qp, QRE-2. (psu.edu)
Our study aimed to examine potentially functional genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF5, IRF7, type I and type II IFN and their receptor genes with respect to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and clinical outcome. (cancerindex.org)
Protein10
Interferons bind to receptors on the surface of a cell, initiating protein signaling pathways within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Interferons are a type of protein called a cytokine, which is produced in response to infection. (wikipedia.org)
Type I and type III interferons produce a protein complex called ISGF3, which acts as a transcription factor, and binds to a promoter sequence called ISRE (interferon stimulated response element). (wikipedia.org)
In this study, we found that NS1 protein inhibits IRF-3-dependent gene transcription in constitutively active IRF-3 overexpressing cells, demonstrating that NS1 directly targets IRF-3. (microbiologyresearch.org)
We observed no effect of gamma interferon on Qp activity in transfection assays, whereas we observed a moderate but significant repression of Qp activity in response to alpha interferon, possibly mediated by either the interferon consensus sequence binding protein or IRF-7, a novel alpha interferon-inducible factor identified in this study. (psu.edu)
Conclusions Our results demonstrate for the first time a chromatin-mediated interferon-related transcriptional response driven by an engineered fusion protein that physically links repressive histone marks with active transcription. (elsevierpure.com)
Interferons are a type of protein that can help the body's immune system fight infection and other diseases, such as cancer. (cancer.gov)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Interferon gamma receptor 1 ( IFNGR1 ) also known as CD119 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 119 ), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNGR1 gene . (wikidoc.org)
Pathway5
Interferon activation of ISGs uses the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to induce transcription of ISGs. (wikipedia.org)
The expression of pattern recognition receptors like a TLR or common signaling proteins like those found in the JAK-STAT pathway may be up regulated by interferons, making the cell more sensitive to interferons. (wikipedia.org)
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway is a critical defender to sense various pathogens and trigger innate immunity of mammalian cells. (frontiersin.org)
These genes are associated with the interferon response pathway. (elsevierpure.com)
Single nucleotide polymorphisms within interferon signaling pathway genes are associated with colorectal cancer susceptibility and survival. (cancerindex.org)
Receptor8
This signal is passed from one cell to another by binding of the interferon to a cell surface receptor on a naïve cell. (wikipedia.org)
The receptor and interferon are taken inside the cell while bound to initiate expression of ISGs. (wikipedia.org)
Predicted to enable cytokine activity and type I interferon receptor binding activity. (nih.gov)
Ovine interferon tau suppresses transcription of the estrogen receptor and oxytocin receptor genes in the ovine endometrium. (tamu.edu)
IFNtau acts as an antiestrogen on the endometrium to suppress increases in estrogen receptor (ER) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) gene expression which prevents pulsatile production of prostaglandin F2alpha and regression of the corpus luteum or luteolysis. (tamu.edu)
The gene IFNGR1 encodes IFN-γR1, which is the ligand-binding chain (alpha) of the heterodimeric gamma interferon receptor, which is found on macrophages . (wikidoc.org)
Mechanistically, OGG1 bound to 8-oxoGua in proximity to interferon response elements, which inhibits the IRF3/IRF7 and NF-κB/RelA DNA occupancy, while promoting the suppressor NF-κB1/p50-p50 homodimer binding to the IFN-λ2/3 promoter. (lu.se)
Transcription6
Type II interferons produce a transcription factor called GAF, which binds to a promoter sequence called GAS. (wikipedia.org)
The defect in IL-2 gene expression in HD subjects, occurring most likely at transcription, may underly their impaired immune function. (biu.ac.il)
In order to directly target a generally conserved feature, elevated trimethyl-lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3), we developed the Polycomb-based Transcription Factor (PcTF), a fusion activator that targets methyl-histone marks via its N-terminal H3K27me3-binding motif, and co-regulates sets of silenced genes. (elsevierpure.com)
In this study, steady-state levels of ER mRNA and transcription rates of the ER and OTR genes were two-fold lower in the endometrium of pregnant as compared to cyclic ewes on day 15. (tamu.edu)
Levels of ER mRNA and ER and OTR gene transcription were also two-fold lower in the endometrium of day 15 cyclic ewes receiving intrauterine injections of recombinant ovine IFNtau from day 11 to day 14 compared to control ewes. (tamu.edu)
Results suggest that the antiluteolytic action of IFNtau is to suppress transcription of the ER gene by a negative-acting transcriptional mechanism which prevents estrogen-induced increases in OTR gene expression in the endometrium. (tamu.edu)
Ribavirin1
ABSTRACT Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Interleukin (IL)-28B gene, namely rs12979860, could predict response to pegylated interferon--ribavirin (PR) therapy in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV-1)-infected patients. (who.int)
Hepatitis C vir1
Polymorphisms at IFNL4 strongly influence spontaneous resolution and interferon therapeutic response in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (tenoeverlab.com)
Innate1
This interaction leads to the expression of a subset of genes involved in the innate immune system response. (wikipedia.org)
Activates1
As the second messenger, cGAMP activates STING and induces the following cascade to produce type I interferon (IFN-I) to protect against infections. (frontiersin.org)
Response9
An interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) is a gene that can be expressed in response to stimulation by interferon. (wikipedia.org)
Interferon stimulated genes can act as an initial response to pathogen invasion, slowing down viral replication and increasing expression of immune signaling complexes. (wikipedia.org)
With approximately 450 genes highly expressed in response to interferon type I. Type I interferon consists of INF-α, INF-β, INF-ω and is expressed in response to viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
Type III interferon consists of INF-λ and is associated with viral immune response and is key in anti-fungal neutrophil response. (wikipedia.org)
Interferon stimulates genes that help active immune response and suppress infection at almost all stages of infection. (wikipedia.org)
Since expression of IRF-1 and IRF-2 is increased in response to interferons, the Qp activity observed in the presence of interferon likely represented an equilibrium between IRF factors that activate and those that repress gene expression in response to interferon. (psu.edu)
After these procedures, four selected genes were quantified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in another eight patient samples, and two genes, LTB4DH and DPYSL3, were confirmed to be candidate genes for the predictor of a good immune response. (elsevierpure.com)
Loss of Tada2b or Taf5l inhibited hematopoiesis in vivo and was associated with upregulation of interferon response gene expression. (biorxiv.org)
Gamma1
Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma, IFNG), also known as type II or Immune Interferon, exerts a wide range of immunoregulatory activities and is considered to be the prototype proinflammatory cytokine. (rndsystems.com)
Viral3
ISGs induced by type I interferon are associated with viral replication suppression and increase expression of immune signaling proteins. (wikipedia.org)
IFIT genes suppress viral infection primarily by limiting viral RNA and DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
The NCI researchers and their collaborators found that treatment of cells with an interferon decreased the viral load of SARS-CoV-2. (cancer.gov)
Peripheral blood2
Identification of nine interferon-alpha subtypes produced by Sendai virus-induced human peripheral blood leucocytes. (nih.gov)
We extended the previous study and performed a microarray-based gene expression analysis using peripheral blood CD56 + cells and CD56 - CD3 + T cells from patients enrolled in the above-mentioned clinical study. (elsevierpure.com)
Expression10
ISGs are genes whose expression can be stimulated by interferon, but may also be stimulated by other pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Further investigation indicated that the transcriptional activator IRF-1 and the closely related IRF-2, a repressor of interferon-induced gene expression, are both capable of activating Qp. (psu.edu)
In chronic HCV, unfavorable alleles are associated with elevated interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in the liver, but extrahepatic effects are less well characterized. (tenoeverlab.com)
Butyrate Reprograms Expression of Specific Interferon-Stimulated Genes. (bvsalud.org)
Accordingly, we discovered that although butyrate globally increases baseline expression of more than 800 cellular genes , it strongly represses IFN-induced expression of 60% of ISGs and upregulates 3% of ISGs. (bvsalud.org)
The expression profile of these two genes may be associated with the responsiveness of IFN-γ production after αGalCer-pulsed DC treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
Abstract Background Mounting evidence from genome-wide studies of cancer shows that chromatin-mediated epigenetic silencing at large cohorts of genes is strongly linked to a poor prognosis. (elsevierpure.com)
Alfa2
interferon alfa 2b will increase the level or effect of fezolinetant by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP1A2 metabolism. (medscape.com)
Mechanisms of activation of interferon regulator factor 3: the role of C-terminal domain phosphorylation in IRF-3 dimerization and DNA binding. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mutations1
Mutations in the IFNGR1 gene can lead to extreme susceptibility to Mycobacterial infections. (wikidoc.org)
Infection3
Patients with acute HCV infection appear to have an excellent chance of responding to 6 months of standard therapy with interferon (IFN). (medscape.com)
These findings suggest that lambda interferons may have broader systemic effects during HCV infection. (tenoeverlab.com)
The results suggest that interferon treatment may improve COVID-19 outcomes and specifically in patients with certain OAS1 genetic variants who have impaired ability to clear infection. (cancer.gov)
Severity2
However, interferon treatment may reduce the severity of COVID-19 in people with these genetic factors. (cancer.gov)
Interferon treatment may reduce severity of COVID-19 in people with certain genetic factors was originally published by the National Cancer Institute. (cancer.gov)
Infections1
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a leading cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, inhibits type I interferon (IFN)-dependent signalling, as well as IFN synthesis. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sensitivity1
Another ISG function is regulating interferon sensitivity of a cell. (wikipedia.org)
Variants2
Identification of interferon-alpha 7, -alpha 14, and -alpha 21 variants in the genome of a large human population. (nih.gov)
Researchers from the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, and their collaborators have discovered that people of European and African ancestries who were hospitalized for COVID-19 are more likely to carry a particular combination of genetic variants in a gene known as OAS1 than patients with mild disease who were not hospitalized. (cancer.gov)
Patients1
RÉSUMÉ Les polymorphismes mononucléotidiques du gène de l' Interleukine (IL)-28B , en l'occurence le rs12979860, permettent de prédire la réponse au traitement par interféron- pégylé associé à la ribavirine chez des patients infectés par le virus de l'hépatite C de génotype 1. (who.int)
Inhibitors1
Drugging the cancer epigenome with small molecule inhibitors to release silenced genes from the repressed state has emerged as a powerful approach for cancer research and drug development. (elsevierpure.com)
Cells1
However, the major QRE-2-specific binding activity detected within extracts of Burkitt lymphoma cells was attributed to IRF-2, suggesting that interferon-independent activation of Qp is largely mediated by IRF-2 in these cells. (psu.edu)
MRNA1
HD subjects showed a complete loss of inducibility of the IL-2 gene, concomitant with decreased inducibility of IFN-γ mRNA. (biu.ac.il)
Virus1
4 comparés à 22 sujets ayant connu une clairance spontanée du virus de l'hépatite C et à 70 volontaires en bonne santé. (who.int)
Type I and type1
The IFIT family is commonly induced by type I and type III interferon. (wikipedia.org)
Human2
As such a large portion of the human genome is associated with interferon ISG have a broad range of functions. (wikipedia.org)
Nucleotide sequence of a portion of human chromosome 9 containing a leukocyte interferon gene cluster. (nih.gov)
Treatment1
Genes differentially expressed between pre-treatment and post-treatment samples were selected for analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
Unique1
Tau interferons (IFNtau) are a unique subclass of the omega interferons that are transiently produced by the trophectoderm of the conceptus (embryo and associated membranes) during early pregnancy in ruminants. (tamu.edu)