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VirulenceRNA InterferenceBacterial ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataMicroscopy, InterferenceMutationGenes, BacterialRNA, Small InterferingBase SequenceGene DeletionPlasmidsPlant DiseasesHost-Pathogen InteractionsAmino Acid SequenceBacterial AdhesionDNA, BacterialCell LineQuorum SensingEscherichia coliMice, Inbred BALB CEscherichia coli InfectionsHemolysin ProteinsBacterial ToxinsGenomic IslandsAdhesins, BacterialSequence Analysis, DNAYersinia pestisMutagenesis, InsertionalGenetic Complementation TestPhenotypeLethal Dose 50Bacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsGenome, BacterialSalmonella typhimuriumPhylogenyDisease Models, AnimalStreptococcus pyogenesPseudomonas aeruginosaEscherichia coli ProteinsCryptococcus neoformansGene SilencingRNA, Double-StrandedAntigens, BacterialCandida albicansVibrio choleraeTranscription, GeneticFungal ProteinsStaphylococcus aureusListeria monocytogenesShigella flexneriSerotypingStreptococcal InfectionsTranscription FactorsYersinia pseudotuberculosisDNA Transposable ElementsYersinia enterocoliticaPolymerase Chain ReactionSpecies SpecificityMacrophagesHeLa CellsMicrobial ViabilityFimbriae, BacterialPlagueBacterial CapsulesSignal TransductionOperonProtein BindingRegulonCloning, MolecularHyphaeGene Expression ProfilingColony Count, MicrobialGene Knockout TechniquesPromoter Regions, GeneticSalmonella Infections, AnimalYersinia pseudotuberculosis InfectionsVirus ReplicationCells, CulturedCaenorhabditis elegansFimbriae ProteinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidSequence AlignmentSalmonellaVibrio InfectionsYersiniaReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionHost-Parasite InteractionsYersinia InfectionsSiderophoresGene Expression Regulation, FungalDNA PrimersModels, BiologicalTrans-ActivatorsDNA-Binding ProteinsRNA, MessengerCell Line, TumorMutagenesisBacterial Secretion SystemsVibrio vulnificus
GenesFungal virulencePathogenicityBacterialQuorumPathogenesisRNAiAureus virulenceFactorsSusceptibilityAntibiotic ResistancePathogenEffectorsPhenotypeDeterminantsInfectionMechanismsPathogenicInhibitionVaccinesAntivirulenceGeneticProteinFactorMutantsVivoImmuneRolePublicResultsPotentialWorldFeaturesStructureLeads
Genes11
  • During the past decade he has led research on dissecting the wheat interactions with Septoria and identification of disease resistance genes in wheat, and more recently also on understanding the genetic basis of resistance to fungal pathogens such as Cercospora and mildew in legumes and development of new RNA-interference based and genome editing approaches for crop improvement. (niab.com)
  • Summary: This BBSRC/NSF-BIO funded project seeks to understand how the interactions between host immunity genes and pathogen virulence genes influence the evolution of pathogen populations to overcome host resistance. (niab.com)
  • This review summarizes new de-velopments in our understanding of diverse virulence factors associated encoding genes used by different pathotypes of enteric pathogenic E. coli to cause intestinal and extraintestinal diseases in humans. (preprints.org)
  • Approximately, 300 genes are responsible for various virulence factors in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa , which is controlled by acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) 5 . (ijpsr.com)
  • Plasmids often carry genes that confer some advantage to the host cell, such as antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, or metabolic capabilities. (stemcelldaily.com)
  • Cross-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process allowing plants to transfer small regulatory RNAs to invading pathogens to trigger the silencing of target virulence genes. (figshare.com)
  • These results demonstrate that the G, NV and L genes of VHSV are not, by themselves or in combination, major determinants of host-specific virulence in trout. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, we identified a clear, significant enrichment of predicted virulence-associated genes in the colorectal cancer microenvironment, likely dependent upon the genomes of Fusobacterium and Providencia . (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also describe the predicted metabolic pathways and enzymes differentially present in the tumor-associated microbiome, and show an enrichment of virulence-associated bacterial genes in the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Elucidation of rice plants' genes that increase resistance against planthoppers and BPH virulence mechanisms against the resistant rice plants have become important tasks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
Fungal virulence1
  • We show that all targeted effectors are effectively downregulated by HIGS, resulting in reduced fungal virulence on adult wheat plants. (figshare.com)
Pathogenicity5
  • 6) Genomics of virulence evolution (e.g. pathogenicity islands, mobile genetic elements, chromosomal rearrangements). (ethz.ch)
  • Small (s) RNA molecules are crucial factors in the communication between hosts and their interacting pathogens/pests that can modulate both host defense and microbial virulence/pathogenicity known as cross-kingdom RNA interference (ckRNAi). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bacteria communicate with each other through a process known as quorum sensing (QS), which uses signaling molecules, like the 'universal' signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (AI-2), to coordinate actions such as virulence and pathogenicity. (aminzargar.com)
  • This has numerous applications, most notably as an alternative to antibiotics as a means to control virulence and pathogenicity. (aminzargar.com)
  • The original classification of NDV isolates into one of three pathotype groups based on their pathogenicity in chickens as virulent (velogenic), moderately virulent (mesogenic), or of low virulence (lentogenic) has been abbreviated for regulatory purposes. (merckvetmanual.com)
Bacterial5
  • Unlike antibacterials that aim to inhibit cell growth, antivirulence therapies are based on the inhibition of bacterial virulence. (nature.com)
  • HU-210 inhibited QS-mediated virulence factor production without any inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. (huji.ac.il)
  • Conclusion: First evidence is being provided for interference of bacterial signal-transduction systems by a synthetic cannabinoid. (huji.ac.il)
  • Virulence mechanisms of bacterial aquaculture pathogens and antivirulence therapy for aquaculture. (ugent.be)
  • These virulence factors are regulated in a bacterial cell in a density-dependent manner by well-known quorum sensing systems 6 . (ijpsr.com)
Quorum3
Pathogenesis3
  • Analysis of virulence related gene expression and computational simulations of pivotal proteins involved in pathogenesis demonstrate that myricetin downregulates the saeR global regulator and interacts with sortase A and α-hemolysin. (nature.com)
  • These pathotypes employ many virulence factors and effectors subverting the func-tions of host cells to mediate its virulence and pathogenesis. (preprints.org)
  • Pathogenesis, virulence factors and virulence regulation of vibrios belonging to the Harveyi clade. (ugent.be)
RNAi6
  • Our lab generated a knockdown cell line that reduces ACC through RNA interference (RNAi). (clemson.edu)
  • However, ACC RNAi cell line shows reduced virulence in mouse model. (clemson.edu)
  • We selected four Ntl over-expression and four Ntl RNA interference (RNAi) transformations in which Ntl expression is different. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transient assays in cereal powdery mildews suggest that silencing of one or two effectors could lead to near loss of virulence, but evidence from stable RNAi lines is lacking. (figshare.com)
  • We generated stable transgenic RNAi wheat lines encoding a HIGS construct simultaneously silencing three B.g. tritici effectors including SvrPm3 a1/f1 , a virulence factor involved in the suppression of the Pm3 powdery mildew resistance gene. (figshare.com)
  • RNA silencing (also known as RNA interference, RNAi) is a conserved and integral aspect of gene regulation mediated by small RNAs (sRNAs) that direct gene silencing on the level of transcription but also post-transcriptionally. (biomedcentral.com)
Aureus virulence3
  • We report here that myricetin, but not its glycosylated form, can remarkably decrease the production of several S. aureus virulence factors, including adhesion, biofilm formation, hemolysis and staphyloxanthin production, without interfering with growth. (nature.com)
  • S. aureus virulence in pneumonia results in its ability to produce several virulence factors, including the leucocidin PVL. (cnrs.fr)
  • Here, we demonstrate that HlgCB, another leucocidin, which targets the same receptors as PVL, highly contributes to S. aureus virulence in -negative strains. (cnrs.fr)
Factors5
  • In conclusion, SPDT was more effective in the inactivation, and all treatments had the same effect in the virulence factors evaluated. (preprints.org)
  • However, its virulence varies with environmental factors, especially temperature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The in-vitro analysis showed a marked decrease in the production of virulence factors such as pyocyanin, rhamnolipids, protease, elastase, exopolysaccharides, HCN gas production and biofilm formation. (ijpsr.com)
  • These findings indicate a new anti-infective and alternative therapeutic approaches to combat the virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and explore further the potential of fungal secondary metabolites from other saprophytic fungi colonizing decaying substrata of medicinal plants. (ijpsr.com)
  • The las system regulates the production of virulence factors such as LasA protease, LasB elastase, alkaline protease, exotoxin A and biofilm formation. (ijpsr.com)
Susceptibility3
  • Severity of ND depends on the virulence and genetic type of the infecting virus and host susceptibility. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Although plant susceptibility and pathogen virulence remain essentially unchanged in the same plant for at least several days, weeks or months, the environmental conditions may change more or less suddenly and to various degrees. (gurujistudy.com)
  • Early detection of an influenza virus with pandemic potential will permit identification of viral characteristics (e.g., genetic sequence, antiviral susceptibility, and virulence) that will affect clinical management and public health response measures. (cdc.gov)
Antibiotic Resistance1
  • They are extrachromosomal and not essential for the survival of the cell, but they may confer some advantages such as antibiotic resistance or virulence. (stemcelldaily.com)
Pathogen1
  • University of California, Riverside researchers this month reported the discovery that a fungal pathogen known to infect a wide variety of vegetable and fruit crops is capable of hijacking a plant's RNA interference pathway to suppress host immunity, thereby enhancing its virulence. (genomeweb.com)
Effectors2
  • Although virulence is typically attributed to single pathogenic strains, here we investigated whether effectors secreted by a population of non-virulent strains could function as public goods to enable the emergence of collective virulence. (nature.com)
  • Each coisogenic strain was individually unfit, but the metaclone was collectively as virulent as the wild-type strain on Arabidopsis thaliana , suggesting that effectors can drive the emergence of cooperation-based virulence through their public action. (nature.com)
Phenotype3
  • The LCV phenotype was linked to the presence of a divergent promoter 5' to bvgAS, suggesting a previously undescribed mechanism of transcriptional interference that, in this case, leads to feedback-based multistability (FBM). (unc.edu)
  • Taken together, this work illustrates the complexity of virulence factor expression in clinical strains and demonstrates a butterfly effect where subtle genomic variations have a major impact on phenotype and virulence. (cnrs.fr)
  • When the rVHSVs were assessed for the trout-virulence phenotype in vivo, the parental rVHSVdk and rVHSVmi were virulent and avirulent, respectively, as expected. (biomedcentral.com)
Determinants1
  • In contrast to the majority of other Aspergillus species, which are in most cases nonpathogenic, A. fumigatus features an armory of virulence determinants to establish an infection. (leibniz-hki.de)
Infection1
Mechanisms1
  • Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and related applications are useful to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance and virulence and to reveal physiological aspects of this non-model insect, with its poorly understood genetic background. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogenic1
  • T3SS is an essential component for the virulence of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella and Chlamydia. (lu.se)
Inhibition1
  • At the transcriptional level, gene expression is inhibited via RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) while at the post-transcriptional level (PTGS) direct mRNA interference causes inhibition of translation. (biomedcentral.com)
Vaccines3
  • This new vaccine offers the convenience of a single immunisation to improve flock immunity and minimise operational disruption, without the risk of reversion to virulence or interference with other respiratory vaccines. (poultry.network)
  • infections with lentogens , the NDVs of low virulence (loNDVs) widely used as live vaccines, are not reportable. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Altering the antigenic structure of S Brucella has been the preferred strategy to develop vaccines that circumvent the interference in S serological tests. (biomedcentral.com)
Antivirulence1
  • Specific antivirulence activity, a new concept for reliable screening of virulence inhibitors. (ugent.be)
Genetic1
  • Demonstration of a relationship between Ntl and thermotolerance or virulence may offer a new strategy for enhancing conidiospore thermotolerance of entomopathogenic fungi through genetic engineering. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein1
  • This study describes molecular characterization and construction of an infectious clone of the virulent VHSV-Ia strain DK-3592B from Denmark, and application of the clone in reverse genetics to investigate the role of selected VHSV protein(s) in host-specific virulence in rainbow trout (referred to as trout-virulence). (biomedcentral.com)
Factor1
Mutants2
  • Combining Agrobacterium-mediated mutagenesis with a series of simple in vitro screens, we wilt identify and characterize mutants affiScted in a variety of virulence-related, phase-specific phenotypes such as dimorphism, calcium dependence, cell wall composition, pH modulation, and redox modulation. (grantome.com)
  • Furthermore, virulence was not altered in the two types of mutants compared to the wild type. (biomedcentral.com)
Vivo1
  • When chimeric rVHSVs, containing all the G, NV, and L gene substitutions, were tested in vivo, they did not exhibit any change in trout-virulence relative to the background clones. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune1
Role1
  • This predicted virulence enrichment supports the hypothesis that the microbiome plays an active role in colorectal cancer development and/or progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Public1
  • The IHR (2005) are an international legal instrument that governs the roles of the World Health Organization (WHO) and its member countries in identifying and responding to and sharing information about public health emergencies of international concern ( https://www.who.int/csr/ihr/IHRWHA58_3-en.pdf ). (cdc.gov)
Results1
  • These results offer a new strategy for enhancing conidiospore thermotolerance of entomopathogenic fungi without affecting virulence. (biomedcentral.com)
Potential1
  • AI-2 is known as a "universal autoinducer" and interference with its activity opens a broad spectrum of applications for synthetic cannabinoids in future research as a potential anti-QS agent. (huji.ac.il)
World1
  • The updated rules are designed to prevent and protect against the international spread of diseases, while minimizing interference with world travel and trade. (cdc.gov)
Features1
  • We plan to use molecular genetics in a rationally designed study to link structural features with specific functions related to virulence, dimorphism, and calcium binding. (grantome.com)
Structure1
  • Currently we are working with development of methods to determine structures of fibrillar proteins by a combination of structure modeling and X-ray fiber diffraction interference. (lu.se)
Leads1
  • Hypoglycin B is the gamma-glutamyl congener of hypoglycin A. They are very toxic and teratogenic, causing a syndrome called Jamaican vomiting sickness that includes a fall in blood glucose due to the interference of FATTY ACIDS and LEUCINE metabolism which leads to VOMITING, liver damage, CONVULSIONS and DEATH. (bvsalud.org)