Interestingly progenitor cells induce blastema cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Just as plant cells respond to injury by undergoing callus formation via dedifferentiation, some animal models dedifferentiate their cells to form blastema, which are analogous to plant calluses, after limb amputation. (wikipedia.org)
Amputation-induced proliferation occurred predominantly within the epidermal and intestinal epithelium, as well as wound-adjacent muscle fibers, where clusters of cells at the same stage of the cell cycle were found. (mdpi.com)
However, in response to amputation, levels of cell death were decreased and failed to localize near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the neoblast mitotic response was increased around the amputation area but the regenerative blastema failed to form. (biomedcentral.com)
After amputation, granular hemocytes infiltrate the blastema of regenerating cephalic tentacles of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata. (unimore.it)
Histological studies focusing on the early cephalic tentacle regeneration in P. canaliculata, have demonstrated that wound closure and blastema formation took place within 24 h post amputation (hpa). (unimore.it)

Lowered Notch1 expression resulted in no tadpole tail regeneration, and induced Notch1 expression was able to partially rescue tail regeneration in the form of notochord and spinal cord (but very little musculature. (wikipedia.org)
In recent years, interest in the possible molecular regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of regeneration models has grown significantly, but the cell kinetics of this process remain largely a mystery. (mdpi.com)
Callus is a reprogrammed cell mass involved in plant regeneration and gene transformation in crop engineering. (bvsalud.org)
Pluripotent callus cells develop into fertile shoots through shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Notably, chlorenchyma cells, enriched in photosynthesis-related processes, play a crucial role in promoting shoot primordia formation and subsequent shoot regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Light is shown to promote shoot regeneration by inducing chlorenchyma cell development and coordinating sugar signaling. (bvsalud.org)
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the reciprocal interaction between many types of cells. (bvsalud.org)
To conclude, our study revealed that miR-378 deletion influences the abundance of mSCs and the adipogenic potential of FAPs, but does not affect overall regeneration upon acute, glycerol-induced muscle injury. (bvsalud.org)
Muscle regeneration was induced using intramuscular cardiotoxin injection or treadmill exercise and analysed using single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. (bvsalud.org)
Planarians are flatworms with large populations of stem cells capable of dividing to support adult tissue renewal and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

Dedifferentiation (pronounced dē-ˌdi-fə-ˌren-chē-ˈā-shən) is a transient process by which cells become less specialized and return to an earlier cell state within the same lineage. (wikipedia.org)
This suggests an increase in cell potency, meaning that, following dedifferentiation, a cell may possess the ability to re-differentiate into more cell types than it did prior to dedifferentiation. (wikipedia.org)
While it can be induced in a laboratory setting through processes like direct reprogramming and the production of induced pluripotent stem cells, endogenous dedifferentiation processes also exist as a component of wound healing mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
While Manning's research was in reference to plants, it helped establish the foundation for our modern day understanding of dedifferentiation and cell plasticity. (wikipedia.org)
Some claim that dedifferentiation is strictly limited to the same cell lineage from which it is derived. (wikipedia.org)
However, the markers selected to represent dedifferentiation can differ according to tissue and cell types that are being studied. (wikipedia.org)

This is in contrast to differentiation, where differences in gene expression, morphology, or physiology arise in a cell, making its function increasingly specialized. (wikipedia.org)

mitotically active cells of intact segments do not significantly contribute to the blastemal cellular sources. (mdpi.com)
Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

After the injection of clodronate liposomes, a specific computer-assisted image analysis protocol still evidenced the presence of granular hemocytes in the tentacle blastema. (unimore.it)

How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. (bvsalud.org)
However, the mechanisms by which Akt signaling regulates stem cell behavior in the complexity of the whole body are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Our findings abrogating Smed-Akt with RNA-interference in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea led to a gradual decrease in stem cell (neoblasts) numbers. (biomedcentral.com)
This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
Planarians contain an abundant and accessible population of somatic adult stem cells called neoblasts [ 18 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

By characterizing the spatially resolved molecular features of shoot primordia and surrounding cells, specific factors essential for shoot primordia formation are identified. (bvsalud.org)

The findings reveal the presence of highly heterogeneous cell populations within the callus, including epidermis, vascular tissue, shoot primordia, inner callus, and outgrowth shoots. (bvsalud.org)

Many conditions do not appear to be induced entirely by environmental factors and so genetic profiles have been studied to determine why some individuals are more susceptible to particular diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell-cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. (mdpi.com)
We investigated mechanisms of age-related changes in myogenic progenitor cells using the tissue-specific microRNA 501. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)

Notch proteins are part of an intercellular signaling pathway responsible for regulating interactions between cells that are physically next to one another by binding to other notch proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Furthermore, fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) isolated from the muscle of miR-378-/- mice exhibited enhanced adipogenic potential. (bvsalud.org)
In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. (bvsalud.org)
RESULTS: Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. (bvsalud.org)
In control mice these cells were less in number and already downregulated after day 3 of muscle injury. (bvsalud.org)

In the 1940s C. H. Waddington created the "Epigenetic Landscape", a diagrammatic representation of cell fate from less differentiated to more differentiated cell types. (wikipedia.org)

We subjected 6-week-old wild-type (WT) and miR-378 knockout (miR-378-/-) animals to the glycerol-induced muscle injury and performed analyses in various time-points. (bvsalud.org)

This repressor would be able to keep cells undifferentiated during development. (wikipedia.org)

Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)

However, others say that it can be used to describe a general increase in cell potency. (wikipedia.org)
Downregulation of Smed-Akt function also resulted in an increase of cell death throughout the animal. (biomedcentral.com)

The human cranium develops from mesoderm and neural crest cells. (medscape.com)

This is in contrast to differentiation, where differences in gene expression, morphology, or physiology arise in a cell, making its function increasingly specialized. (wikipedia.org)
Here, the concept of a marble moving downhill through various paths is used to represent cell decision-making and cell potency, thus visualizing how cells can take different paths of differentiation to reach a final state. (wikipedia.org)
Activation of Igf1r signaling increases retinal size while preserving its structural integrity, revealing a modular organization in which progenitor differentiation and neurogenesis are self-organized and highly regulated. (biologists.com)

Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been reported as a novel approach in the wound healing field [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Activation of the cellular senescence genetic program prompts a series of molecular changes, mostly affecting cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM), secretion of growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. (hindawi.com)
MMP degrades proteins in the extracellular matrix [1] of a cell, resulting in the destabilization of the differentiated cell identity. (wikipedia.org)
Interestingly, the mandibular condyles develop as secondary cartilage from a proliferative layer of progenitor cells that turn into extracellular matrix producing chondrocytes that are eventually replaced by osteoblasts. (nih.gov)
Its cellular organization is rather simple, with two cell layers, the ectoderm and the endoderm separated by an extracellular collagenoeous matrix, the mesogolea. (unige.ch)

In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)
Increasing evidence has shown that MSCs induce wound healing more likely to be through the paracrine pathway [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Just as plant cells respond to injury by undergoing callus formation via dedifferentiation, some animal models dedifferentiate their cells to form blastema, which are analogous to plant calluses, after limb amputation. (wikipedia.org)
Dermal myeloid cells were GAG+, EPYC+, INMT+, LEF1+ and SALL4+ and seemed to migrate from the unamputated regions of the tadpole limb to the blastema. (bvsalud.org)
On the other hand, the myeloid cells of the froglet limb blastemas were few and probably contributed to sustained inflammation resulting in healing. (bvsalud.org)

The present study reports upregulation of proteoglycans, such as epiphycan, chondroadherin, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1, collagens 2,5,6, 9 and 11, several tumour suppressors and methyltransferases in the P. maculatus tadpole blastemas. (bvsalud.org)

While it is commonly accepted as an aging-related phenomenon, senescence might happen also during the embryonic development with the biological meaning of replacing transient structures or specific cell types with other ones [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Stereotypic cleavage patterns play a crucial role in cell fate determination by precisely positioning early embryonic blastomeres. (biomedcentral.com)
Although misplaced cell divisions can alter blastomere fates and cause embryonic defects, cleavage patterns have been modified several times during animal evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
A cleavage pattern can be variable, where the blastomere positions are not predictable (e.g., mouse), or stereotypic (e.g., ascidian), where the embryonic cell divisions form a precise, identifiable three-dimensional pattern of blastomeres [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Known cases where the spiral cleavage pattern was lost is usually associated with drastic developmental changes, such as the transition to a syncytial blastoderm in cephalopods [ 25 ], or the evolution of extra-embryonic yolk cells in platyhelminthes [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Hippo signalling integrates diverse stimuli related to epithelial architecture to regulate tissue growth and cell fate decisions. (sdbonline.org)

In order to evaluate whether this wound healing promotion from the ASCs was species-specific, we injected this cell type into the model rats with cutaneous wounds and found that the wounds achieved similar healing results to those in deers. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, we dissect the effects of aging on the cardiac endogenous and exogenous reservoirs of stem cells. (hindawi.com)
Pathologies, as atherosclerosis, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyopathy, are often linked to the failure of cardiovascular tissue cells to reenter the cell cycle, namely, senescence, due to endogenous or exogenous causes. (hindawi.com)
This review will focus on the cardiovascular pathologies correlated to senescence, the effect of aging on the cardiac endogenous resources of stem cells, and the potential strategies of regenerative medicine to be applied to maintain the heart younger and healthier. (hindawi.com)
While it can be induced in a laboratory setting through processes like direct reprogramming and the production of induced pluripotent stem cells, endogenous dedifferentiation processes also exist as a component of wound healing mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)

The ultimate goal of this initiative is a systems approach, from the gene, molecule, cell to tissue, and organ, that will provide the basis to better understand TMJDs and lead to the development of new insights into treatment and management of these disorders. (nih.gov)
We adapted this strategy to Hydra (Fig. 2) and proved that this method that is harmless, stepwise and efficient, can induce gene-specific phenotypes [10-13]. (unige.ch)

The mechanisms responsible for this decay are both cell intrinsic, such as cellular senescence, as well as cell-extrinsic, such as changes in the regenerative environment. (mdpi.com)

In the context of this initiative, integrative research is defined as the combined use of approaches from several different scientific disciplines such as cell biology, physiology, neurobiology, neuroendocrinology, genetics, molecular biology and imaging technologies to probe developmental, neurological, endocrine, immune and other relevant systems in order to define the mechanisms underlying the etiology and pathogenesis of TMJDs. (nih.gov)
and, therefore, there is a growing interest in elucidating the mechanisms driving exercise-induced cardioprotection in health and disease. (frontiersin.org)

In humans the TMJ develops from the neural crest derived ectomesenchymal blastemas. (nih.gov)
The human cranium develops from mesoderm and neural crest cells. (medscape.com)

While Manning's research was in reference to plants, it helped establish the foundation for our modern day understanding of dedifferentiation and cell plasticity. (wikipedia.org)

Senescence in adult tissues can be classified in two main subcategories, based on the underlying molecular mechanism: replicative (or intrinsic), caused by telomere shortening, and stress-induced, in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or oncogenes [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of antler stem cell-conditioned medium (ASC-CM) on cutaneous wound healing in rats. (biomedcentral.com)

Atherosclerosis and heart failure are particularly correlated with aging-related cardiovascular senescence, that is, the inability of cells to progress in the mitotic program until completion of cytokinesis. (hindawi.com)
Mitotic cells might undergo senescence by failing to replicate. (hindawi.com)
In these groups, the fertilized eggs divide through a highly stereotypic cleavage pattern where blastomeres at the 4-cell stage cleave with the mitotic spindles oblique to the animal-vegetal axis, alternating direction (clockwise and counterclockwise) at each division cycle, termed the spiral cleavage pattern [ 5 , 6 , 17 - 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Ptp61F also regulates cell contractility and myosin activation and controls 3D cell shape by reducing cell height and horizontal cell size. (sdbonline.org)

These different cell types differentiate from three distinct stem cell populations: myoepithelial cells located in the ectoderm, myoepithelial cells located in the endoderm and interstitial cells that are multipotent stem cells giving rise to neurons, mechano-sensory cells (nematocytes or cnidocytes), gland cells and gametes [3, 4]. (unige.ch)

At the molecular level, in fact, a gradual weakening of the cellular processes regulating cardiovascular homeostasis occurs in aging cells. (hindawi.com)
The lack of such information makes it difficult to delineate the molecular basis for repair of the masticatory muscle systems as well as elucidate the normal function of muscle cells when affected by inflammatory processes (e.g., do they express surface molecules or release soluble mediators or structural components that may activate an immune or inflammatory response? (nih.gov)
STEM CELLS: What are the respective functions of the stem cells and the differentiated cells in these processes? (unige.ch)

In the 1940s C. H. Waddington created the "Epigenetic Landscape", a diagrammatic representation of cell fate from less differentiated to more differentiated cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Even though spiral cleavage has been modified in a multitude of ways throughout evolution with changes in blastomere sizes and cell fate specification [ 5 , 17 - 19 ], the cleavage pattern itself remained fairly conserved. (biomedcentral.com)

Dedifferentiation (pronounced dē-ˌdi-fə-ˌren-chē-ˈā-shən) is a transient process by which cells become less specialized and return to an earlier cell state within the same lineage. (wikipedia.org)
Some claim that dedifferentiation is strictly limited to the same cell lineage from which it is derived. (wikipedia.org)
Using 3D-live imaging time-lapse microscopy (4D-microscopy), we characterize the cell lineage, MAPK signaling, and the expression of 16 developmental genes in the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea . (biomedcentral.com)

Notch proteins are part of an intercellular signaling pathway responsible for regulating interactions between cells that are physically next to one another by binding to other notch proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Interestingly, Malat1 deficiency increased cardiomyocyte binucleation even in the absence of cardiac injury. (bvsalud.org)

When the deer antler is cast, it leaves a cutaneous wound that can achieve scarless healing due to the presence of antler stem cells (ASCs). (biomedcentral.com)
This finding offers a potential to develop a cell-free therapeutic for cutaneous wound healing in the clinic. (biomedcentral.com)

We subjected 6-week-old wild-type (WT) and miR-378 knockout (miR-378-/-) animals to the glycerol-induced muscle injury and performed analyses in various time-points. (bvsalud.org)

Functional analysis shows that ExC2 is required for Ex to promote the phosphorylation and inactivation of Yki in Drosophila cells. (sdbonline.org)

Pathologically, Ptp61F loss synergizes with Ras(V12) to induce tumorigenesis . (sdbonline.org)

Anatomy72

Organisms25

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs72

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Phenomena and Processes47

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Amputation6

Regeneration13

Proliferation3

Dedifferentiation6

Physiology1

Cellular3

Injection1

Stem5

Formation1

Populations1

Genetic1

Tissue3

Interactions1

Mice4

Types1

Injury1

Development1

Single1

Found1

Increase2

Human1

Differentiation3

Mesenchymal1

Extracellular4

MSCs2

Limb3

Tadpole1

Embryonic5

Epithelial1

Species-specific1

Endogenous4

Gene2

Regenerative1

Mechanisms2

Neural2

Plasticity1

Intrinsic1

Mechanism1

Mitotic3

Activation1

Stem cell1

Processes3

Fate2

Lineage3

Signaling pathway1

Cardiac1

Wound2

Muscle1

Analysis1

Loss1