The Duplex theory proposed by Lord Rayleigh (1907) provides an explanation for the ability of humans to localise sounds by time differences between the sounds reaching each ear (ITDs) and differences in sound level entering the ears (interaural level differences, ILDs). (wikipedia.org)
Recent studies have shown that rats are a useful model for binaural cochlear implant (CI) research, with behavioral sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs) of CI stimuli which are better than those of human patients. (biorxiv.org)
The discrimination of interaural phase differences (IPDs) requires accurate binaural temporal processing and has been used as a measure of sensitivity to temporal envelope and temporal fine structure (TFS). (lancs.ac.uk)
Bibee, JM & Stecker, GC 2016, ' Spectrotemporal weighting of binaural cues: Effects of a diotic interferer on discrimination of dynamic interaural differences ', Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol. 140, no. 4, pp. 2584-2592. (nebraska.edu)
There are three main binaural cues that our brain uses to calculate the direction of a sound source: Interaural Time Differences (ITD), Interaural Level Differences (ILD), and the Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF). (hearingresearch.org)
Interaural asymmetry decreases sensitivity to binaural cues such as interaural time differences (ITD) for bilateral cochlear implant users. (unl.edu)
Future studies will investigate the relationship between SOE and other binaural cues, such as interaural level differences. (unl.edu)
The difference in the time of arrival of sound waves between his two ears, known as the interaural time difference, helps Percy gauge the exact azimuth (or horizontal location) of a sound. (bigthink.com)
Cochlear implant1
The goal of this study was to determine if SOE functions can predict the effect of interaural asymmetry on cochlear implant users' ITD thresholds. (unl.edu)
Cues3
Such information is contained in an acoustic filter known as the head-related transfer function, which includes both interaural (different between the two ears) and spectral (i.e., the same at both ears) localisation cues ( Blauert, 1983 ). (frontiersin.org)
Second, robust localisation estimates are formed by integrating interaural time difference cues over each speech fragment. (interspeech2007.org)
While all tetrapods that hear use interaural time delays to help pinpoint sound sources, owls with asymmetrical ears are also able to work out the elevation of a sound source, a pretty neat trick given that it allows them 'to capture prey in total darkness using acoustic cues alone' (Nishikawa 2002, p. 246). (scienceblogs.com)
ITDs1
This shift is known as the interaural phase difference (IPD) and can be used for measuring the ITDs of periodic inputs such as pure tones and amplitude modulated stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
Ears2
The interaural time difference (or ITD) when concerning humans or animals, is the difference in arrival time of a sound between two ears. (wikipedia.org)
Interaural time difference (ITD) between left (top) and right (bottom) ears. (wikipedia.org)
Sensitivity1
The preliminary results suggest that eCAPs may not be directly predictive of the effect of asymmetry on ITD sensitivity, but they may offer insight into the minimum interaural asymmetry that will affect ITD sensitivity. (unl.edu)
Listeners2
Listeners discriminated target interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) carried by the onset, offset, or full duration of a 4-kHz Gabor click train with a 2-ms period in the presence or absence of a diotic 500-Hz interferer tone. (nebraska.edu)
Untrained listeners experience difficulty detecting interaural correlation changes in narrowband noises," J. Acoust. (umd.edu)
Amplitude1
In the study group, oVEMP and cVEMP amplitudes and interaural amplitude difference (IAD) statistically differed from those in the control sample. (karger.com)
Delays1
It is one of the reasons we can still perceive direction of sound even if we cover one ear, i.e., direction is not determined solely by interaural time delays. (dsprelated.com)
Detection2
Participants also completed an ITD detection task that measured the ITD thresholds for different interaural electrode pairs. (unl.edu)
For higher frequencies, however, it can be seen (fig.3) that there is more than one direction which will appear to give the same interaural phase difference, and thus the detection of direction by phase correlation becomes ambiguous. (stereophile.com)
Level difference1
This variation is called interaural level difference (ILD), and it helps our brain to determine the direction of a sound source. (hearingresearch.org)
Sound source2
Sound-intensity-dependent compensation for the small interaural time difference cue for sound source localization. (yale.edu)
The further away from the median plane the sound-source, the greater the interaural delay, until it reaches a maximum of around 0.7 ms, the time taken for sound to traverse the ear-ear distance when the source is to one side along the ear-ear axis (fig.1). (stereophile.com)
Effects1
However, the effects of interaural asymmetry may be mitigated for this population by the broad current spread typical of electrical stimulation. (unl.edu)
Resolution1
What is the interaural time difference (ITD) granularity/resolution in microseconds? (xiph.org)
Model1
We present an interactive sound spatialization and synthesis system based on Interaural Time Difference (ITD) model and Evolutionary Computation. (nime.org)
Binaural2
This paper investigates to which extent the tails of left and right binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) can be replaced by white Gaussian noise that has been processed to have the same energy decay relief and interaural coherence as the original BRIRs' tail. (aes.org)
Am. 138 , EL474-EL479] binaural detection thresholds at 500 Hz and 4 kHz increased with increasing magnitude of interaural delay, suggesting a loss of precision of coding with magnitude of interaural delay. (aip.org)
Cochlear1
Their findings have been published in the journal eLife , titled "Microsecond interaural time difference discrimination restored by cochlear implants after neonatal deafness. (hearingreview.com)
Azimuth1
The time-coding pathway in the owl's brainstem encodes a neural map of azimuth, by processing interaural timing information. (mit.edu)
The interaural time difference (or ITD) when concerning humans or animals, is the difference in arrival time of a sound between two ears. (wikipedia.org)
This shift is known as the interaural phase difference (IPD) and can be used for measuring the ITDs of periodic inputs such as pure tones and amplitude modulated stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
More commonly known as Diplacusis dysharmonica , Interaural Pitch Difference (IPD) is where you hear the same sound at different pitches in each ear. (hearinglosshelp.com)
That is the Interaural difference sending messages to your brain about the location of a sound source. (oldtimemusic.com)
Here, deviants differed from preceding standards along one of four features (pitch, duration, vowel or interaural level difference). (frontiersin.org)
This complete sequence measures stereo soundfield parameters such as interaural level difference (ILD) and interaural cross-correlation (IACC) using a Head and Torso Simulator (HATS). (listeninc.com)
The barn owl accurately localizes sounds in the azimuthal plane, using interaural time difference as a cue. (mit.edu)
It accurately predicts the interaural amplitude difference (ITD) between the tympana for all incident sound angles, but fails to predict the interaural time delay (IAD) accurately for high incident sound angles. (aps.org)
Time delay1
He was assigned to the Acoustic Research department studying the interaural time delay. (hackaday.com)
Found2
We found impaired interaural interaction that depended on the ROBO1 in a dose-dependent manner. (scilifelab.se)
Applying en masse for interships posted on a bulletin board at school, James found his way to Murray Hill, the location of AT&T's Bell Labs. (hackaday.com)
Normal1
Ramat, S & Zee, DS 2002, ' Translational VOR responses to abrupt interaural accelerations in normal humans ', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol. 956, pp. 551-554. (johnshopkins.edu)
Original1
In the original atlas DV was with respect to interaural but looks like in the digital version it is with respect to anterior commissure. (nih.gov)