• It is known that GSLs interact with both intracellular as well as exogenous proteins and are critical for membrane organisation, signalling, and recognition events. (springer.com)
  • On the other hand, recombinant therapeutical proteins have received a great deal of attention in recent years due to their advantages including low side effects, minimized cytotoxicity, high selectivity, and very low non-specific interactions [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diffusion of lipids and GPI-anchored proteins in actin-free plasma membrane vesicles measured by STED-FCS. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we use superresolution STED microscopy combined with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS) to access and compare the diffusion characteristics of fluorescent lipid analogues and GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in the live-cell plasma membrane and in actin cytoskeleton-free, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). (ox.ac.uk)
  • The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes four major structural proteins: the spike (S) protein, nucleocapsid (N) protein, membrane (M) protein and the envelope (E) protein, each of which is essential to compose the viral particle 3 . (abcam.com)
  • We believe the answer is probable, since some of the systemic disease clinical manifestations of COVID-19 cannot be explained solely by the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with cell membranes of tissues that exhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (frontiersin.org)
  • In the present study, we examined potential contributory roles of membrane-associated, cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts/caveolae and their constituent proteins (e.g., caveolin-1 [Cav-1]) as potential sites for IL-1β−induced nitric oxide (NO) release in the isolated β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Integral and associated lysosomal membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Depending on the length of their fatty acid chains and their degree of saturation, SL species have a strong impact on biophysical membrane parameters such as fluidity or rigidity and curvature, and on interaction with membrane proteins and/or cytoskeletal components, and membrane compartmentalization. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Despite emergent evidence that TRPA1 is regulated by the membrane environment, it remains unknown whether this channel localizes in membrane microdomains or whether it interacts with cholesterol. (elifesciences.org)
  • We discuss the impact of such interactions on TRPA1 gating mechanisms, regulation by the lipid environment, and role of this channel in sensory membrane microdomains, all of which helps to understand the puzzling pharmacology and pathophysiology of this channel. (elifesciences.org)
  • Recently, a body of evidence is growing that Aβ aggregation is facilitated in the presence of particular membranes lipids such as gangliosides and cholesterol and furthermore, that Aβ toxicities emerge through interaction with specific neuronal membrane microdomains such as lipid rafts. (hindawi.com)
  • Important biological events associated with plasma membranes, such as signal transduction, cell adhesion, and protein trafficking, are mediated through the membrane microdomains. (mdpi.com)
  • Membrane Microdomains" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Membrane Microdomains" by people in this website by year, and whether "Membrane Microdomains" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Membrane Microdomains" by people in Profiles. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Soluble klotho binds monosialoganglioside to regulate membrane microdomains and growth factor signaling. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Van Blerkom J, Zimmermann S. Ganglioside-enriched microdomains define an oolemma that is functionally polarized with respect to fertilizability in the mouse. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Here we provide the first evidence to suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1 and subsequent interaction among members of the Ras signaling pathway within the membrane lipid microdomains represent early signaling mechanisms of IL-1β in β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Gangliosides are membrane lipids that participate in the construction of the neuron glycocalyx with their branched sugar chains. (unios.hr)
  • MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)
  • 2) revealing meso~nano-scale processes in signal transduction in/on the cell membrane and the formation and remodeling of the neuronal network, by using the developed single-molecule techniques. (oist.jp)
  • To assess the frequency of glycolipid complex antibodies in a Western European cohort of patients GBS we used a newly developed combinatorial glycoarray methodology to screen against large range of antigens (11 gangliosides, 8 other single glycolipids and 162 heterodimeric glycolipid complexes). (ox.ac.uk)
  • This study demonstrates that while antibodies against single gangliosides are often found in cases with axonal-type electrophysiology, antibodies against glycolipid complexes predominate in cases with demyelinating electrophysiology, providing a more robust serum biomarker than has ever been previously available for such cases. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These elicited antibodies impaired the high affinity interaction between VEGF and monoclonal antibody Bevacizumab, an antiangiogenic drug approved in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of different tumors. (researchsquare.com)
  • We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • For example, complex gangliosides on the axon membrane enter into interactions with MAG (myelin-associated glycoprotein) expressed on the oligodendrocyte myelin sheaths. (unios.hr)
  • These gangliosides, abundantly expressed on neuronal cell membrane, are highly enriched at and near nodes, and have various neurobiological functions that may include maintenance of the axon, myelin integrity, and/or stabilization of axonCglial interactions (Sheikh et al. (citiesofdata.org)
  • Externally applied sialidase converted GD1a ganglioside to GM1 and rescued axon regeneration in CNS axons and in PNS axons after Neu3 sialidase blockade. (jneurosci.org)
  • In this paper, we examine Neu3 sialidase action on axonal gangliosides and resultant axon regeneration, and we assess whether these mechanisms help to explain the different regeneration capacities of CNS and PNS axons. (jneurosci.org)
  • Moreover, we identified two structural motifs in transmembrane segments 2 and 4 involved in mTRPA1-cholesterol interactions that are necessary for normal agonist sensitivity and plasma membrane localization. (elifesciences.org)
  • To determine TRPA1 localization in cellular membranes we stained HEK293T cells transfected with the mTRPA1-mCherry construct with the Vybrant Alexa Fluor 488 Lipid Raft Labeling Kit. (elifesciences.org)
  • Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
  • alpha-synuclein: amyloid fibrils and interactions with lipid membranes (Co-supervisor. (lu.se)
  • The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)
  • The adult mammalian nervous system has four dominant types of gangliosides: GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b. (jneurosci.org)
  • We show that activation of Neu3 sialidase, also known as Neuraminidase-3, causing conversion of GD1a and GT1b to GM1 gangliosideM1 is an essential step in regeneration occurring in PNS (sensory) but not CNS (retinal) axons in adult rat. (jneurosci.org)
  • In PNS axons, axotomy activates Neu3 sialidase, increasing the ratio of GM1/GD1a and GM1/GT1b gangliosides immediately after injury in vitro and in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
  • However, it is currently unknown whether TRPA1 is localized in specific domains of the plasma membrane, or whether cholesterol interacts with specific residues of TRPA1. (elifesciences.org)
  • The B domain includes two functional domains: a receptor-binding domain, which defines the tropism of a toxin for a cell and a translocation domain that delivers the A domain across a lipid bilayer, either on the plasma membrane or the endosome. (springer.com)
  • Our benefits suggest that gangliosides within the extracellular milieu of the CNS could lead to a pathological degeneration of astrocytes by way of molecular mechanisms that involve ROS and lipid rafts while in the plasma membrane. (vegfinhibitors.com)
  • Diffusion and interaction dynamics of molecules at the plasma membrane play an important role in cellular signaling and are suggested to be strongly associated with the actin cytoskeleton. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our data underline the crucial role of the actin cortex in maintaining hindered diffusion modes of many but not all of the membrane molecules and highlight a powerful experimental approach to decipher specific influences on molecular plasma membrane dynamics. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We found that GML potently altered order and disorder dynamics in the plasma membrane that resulted in reduced formation of LAT, PLC-γ, and AKT microclusters. (nature.com)
  • In the same context, we are now revealing the mechanisms by which the metastable molecular complexes and meso-scale membrane domains, including membrane compartments, raft domains, and protein oligomers, form and work in concert to enable various plasma membrane functions. (oist.jp)
  • Ganglioside conversion by Neu3 sialidase further activates the ERK pathway. (jneurosci.org)
  • Pharmacological blocking of Neu3 sialidase, downregulation of Neu3 with siRNA, or depleting gangliosides all inhibit PNS regeneration. (jneurosci.org)
  • 3 A deficiency in the enzymes responsible for metabolizing gangliosides causes toxic levels of ganglioside accumulation which is indicative of several lysosomal storage diseases, including GM 1 gangliosidosis, GM 2 gangliosidosis, Tay-Sachs disease, and Sandhoff disease. (matreya.com)
  • Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)
  • Bacterial toxins also catalyze the non-covalent modification of host protein function or can modify host cell properties through direct protein-protein interactions. (springer.com)
  • During the present research, we demonstrated that treatment method with gangliosides induced ROS mediated autophagic cell death in astrocytes. (vegfinhibitors.com)
  • Even more examination with the signalling pathways indicated that this ganglioside induced autophagic cell death of astrocytes was subject to either damaging or beneficial regulation with the Akt mTOR pathway or the ERK1 2 pathway respectively. (vegfinhibitors.com)
  • Detergent-insoluble CELL MEMBRANE components. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Hindered diffusion of phospholipids and sphingolipids is abolished in the GPMVs, whereas transient nanodomain incorporation of ganglioside lipid GM1 is apparent in both the live-cell membrane and GPMVs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This protein contains two subunits: the S1 subunit that contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD), and a second S2 subunit that mediates the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes 4 . (abcam.com)
  • S1 is then shed from the viral surface, allowing S2 to fuse to the host cell membrane. (abcam.com)
  • Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
  • Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Serum IgG binding to single gangliosides was observed in 80.0% of axonal GBS cases, but in only 11.8% of cases with demyelinating electrophysiology. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We hypothesised that antibody specificities reliant on the cis interactions of neighbouring membrane glycolipids could explain this discrepancy, and would not have been detected by traditional serological assays using highly purified preparations of single gangliosides. (ox.ac.uk)
  • With these molecules in hand, it became possible to investigate the phase behaviour of liquid ordered/liquid disordered supported membranes doped with the Gb 3 species by means of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. (springer.com)
  • Due to this external carbohydrate part, they can participate in interactions with various molecules. (unios.hr)
  • FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)
  • Altered membrane events induced selective inhibition of TCR-induced phosphorylation of regulatory P85 subunit of PI3K and AKT as well as abrogated calcium influx. (nature.com)
  • Proteome of Stored RBC Membrane and Vesicles from Heterozygous Beta Thalassemia Donors. (ucdenver.edu)
  • The accumulation of gangliosides has been linked to several diseases including Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease. (matreya.com)
  • Located in lysosomal membrane. (nih.gov)
  • With the use of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy we found a population of highly mobile vesicular structures near the cellular membrane containing both mTRPA1-mCherry and the lipid raft marker cholera toxin B ( Figure 1A and B , Video 1 ), as well as static areas where both fluorescent probes were colocalized at the membrane. (elifesciences.org)
  • Sphingolipids (SLs) are highly abundant components of cellular membranes and as such, are essentially involved in their biophysical and signaling properties. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Holmgren and colleagues first described the AB subunit structure and function of cholera toxin and identified the cholera toxin receptor, the GM1 gangliosideM1 then the first-ever structurally defined biologic receptor molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • 4 Ehrlich tumor expresses the ganglioside GT 1b , and anti-GT1b has great therapeutic potential against this cancer. (matreya.com)
  • The trisialoganglioside (GT1b) is one of the major brain gangliosides and acts as an endogenous regulator in the brain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Membrane Interactions, Ligand-Dependent Dynamics, and Stability of Cytochrome P4503A4 in Lipid Nanodiscs. (ucdenver.edu)
  • cherry concentrations in species are compromised that exaggerated of these PCP membranes are bound. (erik-mill.de)
  • The membrane bound NADPH oxidase technique is among the significant sources of ROS. (vegfinhibitors.com)
  • Adenyl Cyclase - A membrane-bound enzyme that converts adenosine monophosphate to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), an intracellular second messenger. (poisonfluoride.com)
  • A compound that binds one or more metal ions and is capable of diffusing across a membrane, carrying the bound ion. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • Of these, 7 complex antigens and 1 single ganglioside also produced statistically significantly increased binding intensities in GBS versus neurological disease controls. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Sapon K, Janas T, Sikorski AF, Janas T. Polysialic acid chains exhibit enhanced affinity for ordered regions of membranes. (ucdenver.edu)
  • NMR studies on lipid-peptide co-aggregation between ganglioside-containing membranes and α-synuclein (Co-supervisor. (lu.se)
  • Many plant lectins change the physiology of the membrane of BLOOD CELLS to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes. (lookformedical.com)
  • 2018 ). Here, we will solely focus on the less recognized globosides and in particular the globoside Gb 3 , which is the membrane receptor for vero toxins. (springer.com)
  • Bulk flow of water through a semipermeable membrane into another aqueous compartment containing solute at a higher concentration. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • Diffusion studies: from model membranes to transdermal devices (co-supervisor. (lu.se)