• One of the few known critical regulators of this process, VIPP1 (Vesicle-Inducing Protein in Plastids 1), was recently shown to be structurally similar to ESCRT-III proteins - the first evidence for ESCRT-like (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery in chloroplasts. (biorxiv.org)
  • Using siRNA, we identified the AAA-ATPase Vps4A, which is involved in recycling the ESCRT machinery by facilitating its dissociation from endosomal membranes, which is necessary for NEMO stability and NF-κB activation. (mdpi.com)
  • Marburg virus, a close relative of EBOV, was shown to recruit components of the endosomal sorting complex required Lemborexant for transport (ESCRT) to inclusion bodies to facilitate the trafficking of nucleocapsids to the plasma membrane for viral assembly and budding [12,13]. (mergullo.net)
  • The scientists found they could slow HIV particles from budding out of cells by interfering with how they interact with proteins named ESCRTs (pronounced "escorts"), or "endosomal sorting complexes required for transport. (thebioconnection.com)
  • The GTPase Rab11 regulates endosomal protein trafficking and previous work has shown that loss of Rab11 caused intestinal inflammation and hyperplasia in mice and flies. (sdbonline.org)
  • Regardless of the type or the physiological or pathological state of the originating cell, exosomes share common features as enriched with nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These vesicles are carriers of active or non-autonomous function biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA and non-coding regulatory RNA. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • They were nanoscale membrane vesicles that were generated by most types of cells, which can convey information in the tumor microenvironment by transferring cargos such as DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids, therefore they are critical to tumor progression [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite dramatic differences in membrane lipids, cell division in some archaea is driven by homologues of the ESCRT-III complex, just as it is in many eukaryotes. (cam.ac.uk)
  • VIA1 is predicted to contain a winged-helix domain, a characteristic feature of ESCRT-II proteins that mediates the interaction with ESCRT-III proteins. (biorxiv.org)
  • Because VIA1 contains a predicted winged-helix domain, a hallmark feature of ESCRT-II proteins that mediates the interaction with ESCRT-III proteins, our data support the hypothesis that universal, mechanistic principles govern membrane remodeling across all living organisms. (biorxiv.org)
  • Further studies revealed that NP interacts with the Lemborexant RNA-binding domain of NXF1 and competes with RNA for this interaction. (mergullo.net)
  • The interaction of sGAG with α2-macroglobulin receptor-associated protein (LRPAP1), exportin-1 (XPO1), and serine protease HTRA1 (HTRA1) was confirmed in reverse assays. (degruyter.com)
  • It has been known to interact and form a complex with the SCAP protein at the ER, in turn inhibiting interaction between SCAP and SEC24B. (novusbio.com)
  • Transcriptional activation of the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 by ligands targeting its heterodimer partner retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) occurs through a nonclassical pharmacological mechanism involving ligand-binding domain protein-protein interaction inhibition. (elifesciences.org)
  • Of the few known proteins involved in these processes, VIPP1 stands out due to its similarity to ESCRT-III, an integral component of the ESCRT machinery that is responsible for membrane remodeling and trafficking in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes. (biorxiv.org)
  • The new study's significance "is about the molecular mechanism: When the ESCRT machinery is altered, there is production of viruslike particles that are noninfectious," he says. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Through investigation of how a conserved protein machinery can act on different membrane architectures, and how the membrane itself contributes to cytokinesis and abscission, Alice hopes to gain an understanding of principles that are fundamental to cell division as well as shed some light on the evolution of the comparatively more complex division machinery in eukaryotes. (cam.ac.uk)
  • cycle, we performed a combination of co-immunoprecipitation and double immunofluorescence assays to characterize the interactions of NXF1 with viral proteins and RNAs. (mergullo.net)
  • Finally, our results showed that NXF1 interacts with viral mRNAs, but not with viral genomic RNAs. (mergullo.net)
  • However, only limited knowledge exists regarding host factors that interact with the viral proteins and RNAs found in these structures. (mergullo.net)
  • Here, we attempted to verify the endocrine role of EV production and their contents, such as RNAs and bioactive proteins, from the regulation of biogenesis, secretion, and action mechanisms while discussing the current technical limitations. (molcells.org)
  • This gene product also binds to endophilins, proteins that regulate membrane shape during endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, Cirs-7 is derived from a highly conserved single exon, also known as antisense transcription of cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 (CDR1as), which can regulate miR-7 through adsorption, thus reducing the inhibition of miR-7 on its target [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) compose a family of transcriptional factors that regulate the expression of various genes required for the synthesis of phospholipids, fatty acids, and cholesterol. (novusbio.com)
  • Rab40c is a SOCS box-containing protein which binds Cullin5 to form a ubiquitin E3 ligase complex (Rab40c/CRL5) to regulate protein ubiquitylation. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • ESCRTs are composed of approximately 20 proteins assembled into 4 complexes (e.g. (molcells.org)
  • A series of studies have revealed that exosomes-mediated intercellular transfer of proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of HCC, hypoxia and angiogenesis, chemotherapy sensitivity, and cell death mode and regulates the immune microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we showed that in migrating MDA-MB-231 cells Rab40c regulates focal adhesion's number, size, and distribution. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • It is well known that proteins from both classes of the plant's immune system-PRRs and NLRs-rely on interactions between multiple host proteins to neutralize an invading pathogen. (frontiersin.org)
  • We found HIV still releases even when early ESCRT interactions are intentionally compromised, however, with a delay," Saffarian says. (thebioconnection.com)
  • The covalent modification of proteins by the addition or removal of ubiquitin, a highly conserved protein comprising of 76 amino acids, changes the molecular function of the target protein and can therefore influence its interactions with other proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study unravels a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster). (sdbonline.org)
  • Here we report the discovery of VIA1, a conserved protein that interacts with VIPP1 and participates in thylakoid biogenesis and remodeling in two distantly related photosynthetic organisms. (biorxiv.org)
  • This highly complex 'protein biogenesis' process is assisted by a diverse network of folding catalysts and protein-modifying enzymes and is scrutinized by molecular chaperones and other 'quality control' factors which ensure that only correctly folded and assembled proteins exit the ER and proceed to distal compartments of the secretory pathway. (stanford.edu)
  • Exosomes are one of the most researched classes of extracellular vesicles because they are carriers of targeted protein and DNA/RNA loads. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In addition, the product of this gene binds to the product of the PDCD6 gene, a protein required for apoptosis, in a calcium-dependent manner. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mechanistically, we found that Rab40c binds the protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) complex and ubiquitylates one of its subunits, ankyrin repeat domain 28 (ANKRD28), thus leading to its lysosomal degradation. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • As a result, it chews out all the proteins inside the budding HIV particle, and those essential enzymes and proteins leak back into the host cell. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Among the identified host proteins are RNA-binding proteins, such as translation factors, ribosomal proteins and RNA-modifying enzymes [1] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • This study found that Parcas (Pcs) , recently shown to have guanine-nucleotide-exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors. (sdbonline.org)
  • Loss of Pcs impairs Rab11 localization on the trans-side of Golgi units and induces the cytoplasmic accumulation of post-Golgi vesicles bearing rhabdomere proteins, as observed in Rab11-deficiency. (sdbonline.org)
  • NP interacts with the transcriptional activator viral protein 30 (VP30), which bridges NP and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase L [4,5,6]. (mergullo.net)
  • Programmed cell death 6-interacting protein also known as ALIX is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDCD6IP gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • PDCD6IP protein is part of ESCRT pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • The V domain of PDCD6IP recognises Short linear motif LYPxLxxL and this motif is mimicked by p6 late domain of HIV and related viruses which facilitates viral hijacking of ESCRT pathway and consequential budding of viral particles. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a study published in Immunity today, University of California San Diego School of Medicine researchers and colleagues show how fibroblasts develop into fat cells and identify the pathway that causes this process to cease as people age. (thebioconnection.com)
  • The vast majority of proteins entering the secretory pathway are synthesized on ribosomes docked at ER translocons and are co-transationally translocated into the ER lumen. (stanford.edu)
  • Our goal is to elucidate the functional networks that coordinate protein synthesis and quality control in the early secretory pathway. (stanford.edu)
  • Now, University of Utah researchers found a way to turn protease into a double-edged sword: They showed that if they delay the budding of new HIV particles, protease itself will destroy the virus instead of helping it spread. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Bendjennat adds that by discovering the molecular mechanism in which protease interacts with HIV, "we are developing a new approach that we believe may be very efficient in treating the spread of HIV. (thebioconnection.com)
  • This degradation is mediated by at least two domains indicating the presence of at least two different pathways impinging on ICK1/KRP1 protein stability. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Proteins synthesized at the ER are subject to covalent modifications that include N- and O-glycosylation, disulfide bond formation, and in some cases, proline and lysine hydroxylation. (stanford.edu)
  • Here, we show that NEMO phosphorylation by GSK-3β leads to NEMO localization into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). (mdpi.com)
  • Co-localization studies showed that RNA binding-deficient, but not wildtype NXF1, accumulates in NP-derived inclusion bodies, and knockdown experiments demonstrated that NXF1 is necessary for viral protein expression, but Mouse monoclonal to BNP not for viral RNA synthesis. (mergullo.net)
  • Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. (degruyter.com)
  • We show that ICK1/KRP1 exerts its function in the nucleus and its presence in the nucleus is controlled by multiple nuclear localization signals as well as by nuclear export. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • A beta-hairpin comprising the nuclear localization sequence sustains the self-associated states of nucleosome assembly protein 1. (colorado.edu)
  • Finally, EBOV VP35 appears to Lemborexant sequester cellular stress granule proteins within inclusion bodies in order to prevent stress granule formation [18]. (mergullo.net)
  • In experiments in rats and human cells, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers say they have added to evidence that a cellular protein signal that drives both bone and fat formation in selected stem cells can be manipulated to favor bone building. (thebioconnection.com)
  • By identifying many sGAG-specific interacting proteins, our data provide a resource for upcoming studies aimed at molecular mechanisms and understanding of sGAG cellular effects. (degruyter.com)
  • S. mansoni USPs showed changes in expression levels for different life cycle stages indicating their involvement in cellular processes required for S. mansoni development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The in vitro data show that Ded1p plays a role in enhancing plus-strand synthesis by the viral replicase. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Because the minigenomes still support the regulatory terminal head and trailer parts of the EBOV genome that bring the replication and transcription promoters, the RNP protein acknowledge these minigenomes as genuine templates. (mergullo.net)
  • Within this assay RNA minigenomes, i.e., small variations from the EBOV genome with all viral genes changed and taken out using a reporter gene, are expressed in mammalian cells using the viral RNP protein together. (mergullo.net)
  • However, the exact functions of Rab40c remain to be determined, and what proteins are the targets of Rab40c-Cullin5-mediated ubiquitylation in mammalian cells are unknown. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • mAbs against GLUT4 were generated using virus-like particles to present this complex membrane protein in its native conformation and using a divergent host species (chicken) for immunization to overcome immune tolerance. (pubchase.com)
  • These data highlight the importance of membrane protein recycling during development. (sdbonline.org)
  • Because of the difficulties of generating conformational mAbs against complex and highly conserved membrane proteins, no reliable tools exist to measure GLUT4 at the cell surface, follow its trafficking, or detect the conformational state of the protein. (pubchase.com)
  • The co-opted host proteins likely affect several steps in viral RNA replication, including the assembly of the replicase complex and/or viral RNA synthesis. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Membrane proteins must be threaded co-translocationally into the lipid bilayer to become membrane-integrated, often with complex topologies and typically form hetero- or homo- oligomers. (stanford.edu)
  • Here, we used an affinity purification approach in two distantly related photosynthetic eukaryotes, the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the plant Arabidopsis thaliana , to discover proteins that interact with VIPP1. (biorxiv.org)
  • Here we address the posttranslational regulation of INHIBITOR/INTERACTOR OF CDK 1 (ICK1)/KIP RELATED PROTEIN 1 ( KRP1), an Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana) CDK inhibitor. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • SREBP-2 is expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus on a subcellular level, depending on the state of the protein. (novusbio.com)
  • C-Terminal End-Directed Protein Elimination by CRL2 Ubiquitin Ligases. (pubchase.com)
  • Considering the role that the ubiquitin-proteasome system has been shown to play during the development of Schistosoma mansoni , our main goal was to identify and characterize Sm USPs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we showed the identification of putative ubiquitin-specific proteases using bioinformatic approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To obtain a comprehensive picture of the pro- and anti-viral factors that are important for EBOV RNA synthesis (i.e., genome replication and transcription) and/or protein expression, we recently performed a genome-wide siRNA screen [19]. (mergullo.net)
  • Previous studies by others, showed that a particular type of stem cell - perivascular stem cells - had the ability to become either bone or fat and numerous studies since then have focused on advancing the understanding of what signaling proteins drive this developmental change. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Bendjennat and Saffarian genetically engineered mutant Gag proteins. (thebioconnection.com)
  • In his new experiments, Genetically engineered stem cells collected from patients to block the production of the WISP-1 protein. (thebioconnection.com)
  • After translation of their mRNA-sense genomic RNA(s), the viral RNA and the viral replication proteins are recruited to the site of viral replication in membranous compartments. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • The single genomic RNA codes for two replication proteins, p33 and p92 pol , which are sufficient to support TBSV replicon (rep)RNA replication in yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) model host [13] , [14] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Inside a cell infected by HIV, new virus particles are constructed largely with a protein named Gag. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Exosomal markers include microRNAs like miR-21 and miR-141, plus various proteins that belong in functional groups such as tetraspanins (CD9, CD63 and CD81), heat shock proteins (Hsp70, Hsp73 and Hsp90) and membrane transporters (GTPases) ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • They exert their biological functions by competitively binding to microRNAs (miRNAs) as miRNA sponges, promoting gene transcription and participating in the regulation of selective splicing, interacting with proteins and being translated into proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In animals, CDK inhibitors are tightly regulated, especially by posttranslational mechanisms of which control of nuclear access and regulation of protein turnover are particularly important. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The LINE-1 retrotransposon protein, ORF1p, forms a condensate on RNA that is essential for retrotransposition, and may explain cis -preference through a co-translational assembly mechanism. (elifesciences.org)
  • We found that 126 of these effector candidates interacted either with themselves or other predicted effectors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Looking at gene activity in the cells without WISP-1, they found that four genes that cause fat formation were turned on 50-200 percent higher than control cells that contained normal levels of the WISP-1 protein. (thebioconnection.com)
  • The team then engineered human fat tissue stem cells to make more WISP-1 protein than normal, and found that three genes controlling bone formation became twice as active as in the control cells, and fat driving genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) decreased in activity in favor of "bone genes" by 42 percent. (thebioconnection.com)
  • Overall, 477 proteins were found interacting with at least one of four distinct sGAGs. (degruyter.com)
  • To separate the role of Ded1p in viral protein translation from its putative replication function, we utilized a cell-free TBSV replication assay and recombinant Ded1p. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • the putative Sm USP transcripts analysed were detected in all investigated stages, showing distinct expression during S. mansoni development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both molecules showed a significant reduction of tumour volume and synergism with a Smac mimetic in a Colo205 xenograft tumour model. (pubchase.com)
  • Among several newly identified proteins, we focused on a highly conserved but uncharacterized protein (VIPP1-Associated protein 1, VIA1) that robustly interacts with VIPP1 in both systems. (biorxiv.org)
  • Newly formed nascent adhesions gradually grow and change their protein composition to mature into FAs. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • For efficient replication, (+)RNA viruses recruit numerous host proteins [1] - [5] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Further we demonstrate that ICK1/KRP1 is an unstable protein and degraded by the 26S proteasome in the nucleus. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Altogether, the two host factors enhance TBSV replication synergistically by interacting with the viral (−)RNA and the replication proteins. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • In addition, we show that ICK1/KRP1 localizes to different subnuclear domains, i.e. in the nucleoplasm and to the chromocenters, hinting at specific actions within the nuclear compartment. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • We propose that VIA1 is part of a previously unrecognized chloroplast ESCRT-like system that plays a critical role in forming, remodeling, and repairing photosynthetic membranes. (biorxiv.org)
  • The proteolysis-assisted protein quality control system guards the proteome from potentially detrimental aberrant proteins. (pubchase.com)
  • First is the disruption of enterocyte polarity based on staining of the FERM domain protein Coracle . (sdbonline.org)
  • Here we assess the capability of U. maydis effector candidates to interact with each other, which may play a crucial role during the infection process. (frontiersin.org)
  • Studies using mouse cells have shown that overexpression of this protein can block apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Numerous animal studies as well as observational and clinical trials have shown that atherosclerosis arises from immune activation, with several cell-type specific pathways involved. (bmrat.org)
  • Recent studies have shown that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors can have a tremendous impact on cell cycle progression in plants. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The identification of the intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins could help to unravel these functions. (degruyter.com)
  • They also observed new bone forming, successfully fusing the vertebrae together, whereas the rats not treated with stem cells making WISP-1 did not show any successful bone fusion during the time the researchers were observing . (thebioconnection.com)
  • The researchers also plan to explore whether reducing the level of WISP-1 protein in stem cells could preferentially favor the development of fat cells for soft tissue wound healing as well. (thebioconnection.com)