The CD49b protein is an integrin alpha subunit. (wikidoc.org)
Cytoplasmic domain1
Intracellular signaling events that converge on the cytoplasmic domain of integrin tails are also capable of activating the high affinity state. (thno.org)
Ligand3
Activity Assay: A representative lot of the original monoclonal antibody has been shown to convert alpha5 beta1 integrin into a ligand competant form and promotes fibronectin binding. (ximbio.com)
Integrins are not constitutively active but rather exist in multiple activation states wherein ligand binding stability is related to the activation status of the receptor. (thno.org)
Extracellular factors that influence integrin activation are ligand binding, divalent cation concentration, chemokine signaling and mechanical stress. (thno.org)
Participate in cell surface mediated2
In addition to adhesion, integrins are known to participate in cell surface mediated signalling. (ximbio.com)
Integrins are involved in cell adhesion and also participate in cell-surface mediated signalling. (wikidoc.org)
Receptor1
The protein encoded by this gene, when bound to the beta 1 chain, forms an integrin that is a receptor for tenascin-C, VCAM1 and osteopontin. (wikipedia.org)
Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)
Membrane1
Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane glycoproteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
Gene3
Integrin alpha-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGA9 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Cytogenetic location: 3p22.2 This gene encodes an alpha integrin. (wikipedia.org)
Integrin alpha-2 or CD49b (cluster of differentiation 49b) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD49b gene . (wikidoc.org)
Signals2
Signals transduced by integrins play a role in many biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. (ximbio.com)
Intracellular signals that result in integrin activation are referred to as 'inside-out' signaling events. (thno.org)
Complex1
The α9 subunit forms a heterodimeric complex with a β1 subunit to form the α9β1 integrin. (wikipedia.org)
Beta1
An integrin beta subunit of approximately 85-kDa in size which has been found in INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB-containing and INTEGRIN ALPHAV-containing heterodimers. (lookformedical.com)
Differential effects of the integrins alpha9beta1, alphavbeta3, and alphavbeta6 on cell proliferative responses to tenascin. (wikipedia.org)
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors found in nearly all metazoan cell types, composed of non-covalently linked α and β subunits. (thno.org)
Integrin mediated cellular adhesion is dynamic process that is both indicative of and influenced by cell status. (thno.org)
Integrin ligation via cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix contacts transduces intracellular signaling events in a process called 'outside-in' signaling (Fig. 2 ). (thno.org)
Inside-out signaling takes place upon association of intracellular activators ( e.g. , talin, kindlins) with integrin cytoplasmic domains, leading to transition of integrin conformation to high affinity for binding ligands. (biomedcentral.com)
The integrin activation by chemokine enables abrupt arrest of cells on endothelial integrin ligands. (biomedcentral.com)
Binding of chemokines to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) triggers rapid arrest of rolling leukocytes in which leukocyte integrins ( e.g. , αLβ2 or α4β1) are activated to adhere to the ligands such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) or vascular cell-adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) on endothelial cells [ 65 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Specifically binds1
Incubation of cells with a GRGDSP peptide that specifically binds integrins (but not the nonspecific GRADSP peptide) abolishes this insulin effect, as does the potent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) inhibitor wortmannin. (umassmed.edu)
Enhances cell1
The ligation and clustering of cell surface alphabeta heterodimeric integrins enhances cell adhesion and initiates signaling pathways that regulate such processes as cell spreading, migration, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. (umassmed.edu)
Subunit2
The α9 subunit forms a heterodimeric complex with a β1 subunit to form the α9β1 integrin. (wikipedia.org)
At least six VLA antigens have been identified as heterodimeric adhesion receptors consisting of a single common beta-subunit and different alpha-subunits. (nih.gov)
Regulate3
Here we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate integrin activation and deactivation. (biomedcentral.com)
Integrins regulate the activity of particular protein kinases, including focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Receptors2
Based on this association between extracellular signals and intracellular protein kinase activity, we have chosen to include integrins in the 'Catalytic receptors' section of the database until more stringent criteria from NC-IUPHAR allows precise definition of their classification. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Integrins are heterodimeric entities, composed of α and β subunits, each 1TM proteins, which bind components of the extracellular matrix or counter-receptors expressed on other cells. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Kinase2
Activation of alpha5beta1 integrin also markedly potentiates the recruitment of p85-associated PI 3-kinase activity to IRS-1 in response to submaximal levels of insulin in CHO-T cells. (umassmed.edu)
The intracellular signalling cascades associated with integrin activation focus on protein kinase activities, such as focal adhesion kinase and Src. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Activation2
Members of the integrin family appearing late after T-cell activation. (nih.gov)
While typical integrin antagonists that block integrin activation target the initiation of leukocyte migration, a novel class of experimental compounds has been designed to block integrin deactivation, thereby perturbing the progression of cell migration. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein1
Integrin alpha-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGA9 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Target2
Integrins mediate leukocyte accumulation to the sites of inflammation, thereby enhancing their potential as an important therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
Several drugs that target integrins are in clinical use including: (1) abciximab (αIIbβ3) for short term prevention of coronary thrombosis, (2) vedolizumab (α4β7) to reduce gastrointestinal inflammation, and (3) natalizumab (α4β1) in some cases of severe multiple sclerosis. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Structure1
Current review discusses the mechanisms by which integrin is activated and subsequently deactivated by focusing on its structure-function relationship. (biomedcentral.com)