• Integrin α6β4 is composed to two α and β subunit dimers. (wikipedia.org)
  • The α6 subunit binds to extracellular BP180, CD151 and laminin-322. (wikipedia.org)
  • BPAG2, or (bullous pemphigoid antigen 2), is a transmembrane protein that exists adjacent to integrins, BPAG2 has domains that bind to plectin, integrin β4 subunit in the cytoplasm and integrin α6 and laminin-332 in the extracellular space. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Integrin alpha 6 subunit, also known as CD49f and VLA-6 alpha subunit, forms a heterodimer with Integrin beta 1 (CD29) or beta 4 (CD104) subunits. (rndsystems.com)
  • The structure of the beta-propeller domain and C-terminal region of the integrin alphaM subunit. (embl.de)
  • The alphaM subunit of integrin Mac-1 contains several distinct regions in its extracellular segment. (embl.de)
  • ELAV - like1 , methyltransferase like 7A , dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase , laminin subunit beta-1 , gremlin 1 , BCL6 corepressor-like 1 , and three genes of unknown identity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • β1 integrin is the major β integrin subunit in pancreatic beta-cells and forms heterodimers with 12 α integrin subunits, which interact with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to control intracellular signaling via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Synthetic peptides from the carboxy-terminal globular domain of the A chain of laminin: their ability to promote cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth, and interact with heparin and the beta 1 integrin subunit. (rupress.org)
  • Antibodies against the beta 1 integrin subunit inhibited HT-1080 cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth on surfaces adsorbed with peptides GD-3 and GD-4. (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, these results suggest that the sequences comprising peptides GD-3 and GD-4 use an integrin as a receptor, of which the beta 1 integrin subunit is a component for these various cell types. (rupress.org)
  • Other acquired skin diseases of the hemidesmosomes reveal autoantibodies to a plectin-like protein, the β 4 subunit of α 6 β 4 integrin, uncein and a not yet characterized 168 kDa protein. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß 2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
  • Integrin α6β4 operates as a laminin-332 receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 is a receptor for laminin. (rndsystems.com)
  • Integrin alpha 6 beta 4 is also a receptor for laminin and is a structural component of hemidesmosomes in stratified epithelia. (rndsystems.com)
  • providing a ligand for the α6β1 integrin receptor expressed by OLs. (jneurosci.org)
  • The laminin receptor, α6 integrin, is expressed in most cases of ALL. (medicilon.com)
  • Integrins are not constitutively active but rather exist in multiple activation states wherein ligand binding stability is related to the activation status of the receptor. (thno.org)
  • A specific inhibitor of PKCd, rottlerin, completely abrogated Go¨6976-dependent increase in PC12 cell adhesion to laminin as well as the activation of small GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42, that are downstream of PKCd in adhesion receptor signaling. (mirnamimic.com)
  • In PC12 cells, we recently showed that the engagement of integrin a3b1 to a binding sequence within the human laminin a2 chain was sufficient to recruit PKCa and PKCd to the integrin receptor [6]. (mirnamimic.com)
  • A nanoscale modular design strategy was employed to synthesize six engineered, recombinant proteins intended to mimic aspects of the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, laminin, and elastin as well as the cell-cell adhesive protein neural cell adhesion molecule. (frontiersin.org)
  • Fibrosis is characterised by an excessive production of extracellular matrix components, and cells in the tissue are constantly interacting with these extracellular matrix proteins. (bmj.com)
  • MECs synthesize key extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of the meninges such as various collagens, as well as fibronectin, laminin and tenascin, important for pia basal lamina integrity and thus for neuronal support and function [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The integrin tails have no intrinsic kinase activity but rather serve as a site for the docking of various kinases and related adaptor proteins that comprise focal adhesions. (thno.org)
  • Laminin proteins are integral components of structural scaffolding in animal tissues. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • This encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein that is known to complex with integrins and other transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • Transcriptional profiling by genechip analysis revealed that PAR1 expression promotes the expression of mesenchymal proteins such as vimentin, laminin, and integrin, and down-regulates epithelial proteins such as E-cadherin, claudin, zona occludens and cytokeratin. (tufts.edu)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric, transmembrane receptors that function as mechanosensors, adhesion molecules and signal transduction platforms in a multitude of biological processes. (thno.org)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors found in nearly all metazoan cell types, composed of non-covalently linked α and β subunits. (thno.org)
  • Laminin-411 is a major isoform that lines the basal membrane of the endothelial cells in capillary vessels and binds mainly to the cell surface transmembrane receptors integrin α6β1 and α71β1. (iwai-chem.net)
  • Biological activities of laminin are mediated through binding to a subset of integrin family of cell adhesion receptors, a3b1, a6b1, a6b4, and a7b1 [2]. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Integrins are receptors that facilitate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. (biomaterialsusa.com)
  • Our data provide new insights into how different domains in the integrin alpha and beta subunits may interact. (embl.de)
  • In addition, solutions of these peptides or antibodies generated against these peptides inhibited laminin-mediated HT-1080 cell adhesion. (rupress.org)
  • Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against chicken gizzard 5 '-nucleotidase inhibit the spreading process of chicken embryonic fibroblasts on laminin substratum. (morulaivf.com)
  • Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies raised against chicken gizzard 5′-nucleotidase were tested in adhesion assays of embryonic chicken fibroblasts (CEF) for their ability to interfere with the adhesion process of these cells on either laminin or fibronectin substrata. (morulaivf.com)
  • The initial attachment process of CEF on fibronectin and laminin substrata was not influenced by preincubating these cells with antibodies against chicken gizzard 5′-nucleotidase. (morulaivf.com)
  • Laminin-332 polypeptides are targeted by auto-antibodies in human patients with mucous membrane (cicatricial) pemphigoid or, more rarely, subepidermal vesicular diseases that resemble epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) or bullous pemphigoid (BP). (morulaivf.com)
  • In all nine dogs, IgG auto-antibodies detected purified human laminin-332 by immunoblotting. (morulaivf.com)
  • When integrin α6β4 binds to Plectin 1a and BPAG1, it associates with the keratin intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton. (wikipedia.org)
  • BPAG1e is an antigen with multiple isoforms that binds to integrin α6β4, BPAG2 and keratin 5 and 14. (wikipedia.org)
  • The α6 integrin binds laminin, a component of the extracellular matrix that surrounds large blood vessels, the meninges, and the CNS choroid plexus to help facilitate cell migration. (medicilon.com)
  • Synthetic peptides or recombinant fragments containing bio- logically active motifs have been shown to partially mimic the effects of native laminin in various cellular functions, such as cell adhesion, spreading, migration, neurite outgrowth, and tumor metastasis [6-10], suggesting that laminin-derived-short peptide- modified biomaterials may have therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration applications. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a major structural adaptor protein governing signaling complex formation and cytoskeletal dynamics. (jneurosci.org)
  • In experiments probing for a role of PKCa in human laminin-2-integrin-mediated cell adhesion and spreading of PC12 cells, we observed unexpected enhancements of adhesion, spreading and stress fiber formation to 1 mM Go¨6976 with concomitant increase in membrane translocation of PKCd and autophosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). (mirnamimic.com)
  • We further found that the pericytic laminin isoforms differentially regulate mouse β-cells. (nature.com)
  • The team went on to identify an integrin, the α6 integrin specifically, in the ALL cells that had decreased expression in response to PI3K inhibition. (medicilon.com)
  • Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of integrins is of great interest for the treatment and prevention of disease. (thno.org)
  • In the absence of integrin ligation, these processes are abrogated therefore pharmacological inhibition of integrin ligation is of great interest for the therapy of numerous diseases resulting from abberant integrin mediated signaling. (thno.org)
  • In contrast, in the submucosa, laminin was exclusively found in the basal lamina of blood vessels where many adherent mast cells were seen. (bmj.com)
  • Mammalian epithelia are critically dependent on interactions with components in the underlying basal lamina for proper morphogenesis and function. (embl.de)
  • Neocortex expansion is largely based on the proliferative capacity of basal progenitors (BPs), which is increased by extracellular matrix (ECM) components via integrin signaling. (mpg.de)
  • Laminin is an extracellular matrix multidomain trimeric glycoprotein and is the main non-collagenous component of basal lamina that supports adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Integrators of epidermal growth and differentiation: distinct functions for beta 1 and beta 4 integrins. (embl.de)
  • Integrins are important regulators of cellular differentiation, migration, maturation, and survival [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)
  • Studies have shown that changing the ECM from laminin-511 E8 fragment (iMatrix-511) to laminin-411 E8 during differentiation efficiently induces endothelial progenitor cells from iPS cells. (iwai-chem.net)
  • Integrins also function in pathological processes such as inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. (thno.org)
  • Thus, we hypothesized that pericytes regulate β-cells through the production of BM components. (nature.com)
  • The biodirectional nature of integrin mediated signaling allows both extra- and intracellular cues to regulate activation [ 4 ] (Fig. 1 ). (thno.org)
  • It is involved in cellular processes including cell adhesion and may regulate integrin trafficking and/or function. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • In addition to providing biomechanical support to the islets, ECM components are required for β-cell development, proliferation, survival, and proper insulin secretion. (nature.com)
  • Here we show that the transcription factor Sox9 drives expression of ECM components and that laminin 211 increases BP proliferation in embryonic mouse neocortex. (mpg.de)
  • As with many flexible protein machines, the structures of integrins have been solved in parts. (rcsb.org)
  • iMatrix-411 is a recombinant Laminin-411 E8 fragment protein used as a cell culture matrix. (iwai-chem.net)
  • The interactions with the various BM components differentially affect β-cells, although the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. (nature.com)
  • Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that mediate cell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. (embl.de)
  • They found that α6 integrin-laminin interactions mediated the migration of ALL cells toward the cerebrospinal fluid in vitro . (medicilon.com)
  • The Reinhardt laboratory is interested in components and mechanisms involved in the biogenesis, function and pathological aspects of the extracellular matrix and its interactions with cells. (mcgill.ca)
  • In light of these findings, precisely how β1 integrin transduces ECM cues via signaling intermediates, and the mechanism by which this translates to cellular responses, need to be addressed. (jneurosci.org)
  • The SAS imposes a unique environment to its cellular component, the meningothelial cells (MECs) which are a key constituent of the dura mater and the leptomeninges (arachnoid and pia mater). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Integrin mediated cellular adhesion is dynamic process that is both indicative of and influenced by cell status. (thno.org)
  • PKC family of serine-threonine kinases plays key roles in many of the signaling pathways that control cellular function, including those mediated through integrin signaling. (mirnamimic.com)
  • In contrast, culturing on Laminin-421 induced the expression of β-cell genes, including Ins1 , MafA , and Glut2 , and significantly improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. (nature.com)
  • Compared to ECs, pancreatic pericytes produce significantly higher levels of α2 and α4 laminin chains, which constitute the peri-islet and vascular BM. (nature.com)
  • Integrins are composed of two chains (colored blue and green here), which fold into a flexible collection of functional domains. (rcsb.org)
  • Laminin is composed of both A, B1 and B2 chains, which are connected by many disulfide bonds. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Extracellular factors that influence integrin activation are ligand binding, divalent cation concentration, chemokine signaling and mechanical stress. (thno.org)
  • α2β1γ1) stimulates oligodendrocytes to extend elaborate membrane sheets in vitro (cell spreading), mediated by integrin α6β1. (rupress.org)
  • Whereas α2 laminins promoted islet cell clustering, they did not affect gene expression. (nature.com)
  • Functional analyses indicated that some of the genes induced by dragonfly larvae caused an increase in laminins necessary for cell adhesion in the extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
  • β1 integrin is essential for pancreatic beta-cell development and maintenance in rodents and humans. (oncotarget.com)
  • However, the effects of a temporal beta-cell specific β1 integrin knockout on adult islet function are unknown. (oncotarget.com)
  • This data demonstrates that β1 integrin is required for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis through postnatal beta-cell function and expansion. (oncotarget.com)
  • The role of β1 integrin in maintaining optimal islet function has previously been identified in vitro using cell lines and isolated islets. (oncotarget.com)
  • Therefore, laminin appears to have multiple, independent sequences in the G domain that serve a similar cell adhesion promoting function for different cell types. (rupress.org)
  • The clustering of integrins when they all bind to a target sends signals into the cell, modifying how it controls its growth and shape. (rcsb.org)
  • M. A. Arnaout, S. L. Goodman and J.-P. Xiong (2007) Structure and mechanics of integrin-based cell adhesion. (rcsb.org)
  • Specifically, these extracellular matrix (ECM) components critically modulate the tumor cell "motile phenotype" affecting their adhesive/migratory abilities which are directly correlated to the metastatic cascade [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Integrin ligation via cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix contacts transduces intracellular signaling events in a process called 'outside-in' signaling (Fig. 2 ). (thno.org)
  • Gel)ma Laminin -UV/365 nm, low endotoxin features a ready-to-use bioink that is formulated for high cell viability, and printability and is designed for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting and subsequent 365 nm light crosslinking and a solution of Laminin to enhance the bioink. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • TissueFab ® - Low endotoxin GelMA-UV Laminin kit enables the precise fabrication of 3D cell models and tissue constructs for research in 3D cell biology, tissue engineering, in vitro tissue models, and regenerative medicine. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • iMatrix-411 is highly purified human Laminin 411-E8 fragments recombinantly expressed by CHO-S cell. (iwai-chem.net)
  • Go¨6976 also induced laminin-dependent cell adhesion in NIH/3T3 and CV-1 fibroblasts, suggesting of a mechanism that may be common to multiple cell-types. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Several types of integrins exist, and one cell may have multiple different types on its surface. (biomaterialsusa.com)
  • We provide a complete integrin binding peptide array to help researchers to quickly identify the types of integrins on the cell surface. (biomaterialsusa.com)
  • Inactive conformation of integrin (left) and a hypothetical model of the open, active form (right), with a fibrinogen peptide in red and a talin domain in magenta. (rcsb.org)
  • In vitro assays demonstrated a competition of laminin and this monoclonal antibody for the binding site on purified 5′-nucleotidase. (morulaivf.com)
  • While some islet BM components are produced by endothelial cells (ECs), the source of others remains unknown. (nature.com)
  • Here, we show that pericytes produce multiple components of the mouse pancreatic and islet interstitial and BM matrices. (nature.com)
  • Thus, human endocrine cells are not in direct contact with the vascular BM components but with the invaginated peri-islet membrane. (nature.com)
  • We utilized a mouse insulin 1 promoter driven tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase β1 integrin knockout mouse model (MIPβ1KO) to investigate β1 integrin function in adult pancreatic beta-cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • Using microscopy, the researchers found that small blood vessels coated with laminin are sites with high levels of ALL cells, indicating that moving along these vessels may be how the cells reach the CNS. (medicilon.com)
  • The researchers found that the ALL cells were "grabbing onto the laminin surrounding these blood vessels and zipping down into the meninges region where cerebral spinal fluid circulates. (medicilon.com)
  • IMs are found in the space between the tissue stroma cells and contain, among other components, fibrillar collagens and fibronectin. (nature.com)
  • The E8 fragment retains full binding activity toward integrin but lacks binding activities to other components. (iwai-chem.net)
  • The colocalisation with laminin indicates a mechanism of interaction between smooth muscle cells and mast cells that may be important in the role of mast cells in the process of fibrosis. (bmj.com)
  • Laminin-guided highly efficient endothelial commitment from human pluripotent stem cells. (iwai-chem.net)
  • Patients with autoantibodies to laminin 5 show the clinical phenotype of cicatricial pemphigoid. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Intracellular signaling events that converge on the cytoplasmic domain of integrin tails are also capable of activating the high affinity state. (thno.org)
  • Intracellular signals that result in integrin activation are referred to as 'inside-out' signaling events. (thno.org)
  • Spreading-arrested and rounded CEF do not develop prominent intracellular stress-fibers like control cells, instead they seem to concentrate their available actin in areas of presumptive initial contact with the laminin substratum. (morulaivf.com)
  • Researchers have studied the interaction of integrins with different molecules inside and outside cells. (rcsb.org)
  • The biophysical principle of MMC is based on macromolecules occupying space, thus increasing the effective concentration of other components and thereby accelerating various biological processes, such as extracellular matrix deposition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most important chemical components of turmeric are a group of compounds called curcuminoids, which include curcumin (diferuloylmethane), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. (blogspot.com)
  • Herein, this review examines and evaluates the various drugs and compounds targeting integrins and the disease states in which they are implicated. (thno.org)
  • These cytokines can directly attack myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs) [ 2 ] or indirectly impair the OL-neuron coupling by polarizing microglia into the M1 (pro-inflammatory) state, which then activate reactive neurotoxic A1 astrocytes by secreting Il-1α, TNFα, and the complement component 1q (C1q) [ 3 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Different components of this complex have been identified as autoantigens in autoimmune bullous skin diseases. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • In the last two decades several integrin-targeted drugs have made their way into clinical use, many others are in clinical trials and still more are showing promise as they advance through preclinical development. (thno.org)
  • The names 'acquired junctional epidermolysis bullosa', 'anti-laminin-332 mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP)' and 'mixed auto-immune subepidermal blistering dermatosis' are proposed for dogs with clinical signs reminiscent of EBA, MMP or BP respectively. (morulaivf.com)