• This in turn renders the supply of oxygen in tumor vasculature insufficient, consequently leading to formation of hypoxia or anoxia regions in malignant tumors. (nature.com)
  • Often the term is used to mean hypoxia or anoxia, low or absent oxygen. (pampers.com)
  • Hypoxia can be due to external causes, when the breathing gas is hypoxic, or internal causes, such as reduced effectiveness of gas transfer in the lungs, reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen, compromised general or local perfusion, or inability of the affected tissues to extract oxygen from, or metabolically process, an adequate supply of oxygen from an adequately oxygenated blood supply. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypoxia exists when there is a reduced amount of oxygen in the tissues of the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypoxemia refers to a reduction in arterial oxygenation below the normal range, regardless of whether gas exchange is impaired in the lung, arterial oxygen content (CaO2 - which represents the amount of oxygen delivered to the tissues) is adequate, or tissue hypoxia exists. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conversely, an increased V/Q ratio tends to be a consequence of impaired perfusion, in which circumstances the blood supply is insufficient to carry the available oxygen, PaO2 will be normal, but tissues will be insufficiently perfused to meet the oxygen demand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ischemia is caused by problems with the circulatory system causing damage or dysfunction of oxygen sensitive tissues . (mcpcourse.com)
  • Most tissues cannot survive more than few minutes without a continuous oxygen supply. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Reintroduction of blood supply brings more oxygen back to the damaged tissues. (mcpcourse.com)
  • It causes a greater production of oxygen free radicals and reactive oxygen species that in turn damage cells and tissues. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Ischemia is damage or dysfunction of oxygen sensitive tissues due to reduction of blood supply. (mcpcourse.com)
  • However, oxygen sensitive tissues such as brain and heart may not recover unless the blood supply is restored rapidly. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Anoxia - an absence of oxygen supply to an organ's tissues leading to cell death. (casperdetoledo.com)
  • Sodium bicarbonate injections are sometimes indicated in the treatment of metabolic acidosis, which is an acidifying of your tissues due to kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory problems, anoxia, severe dehydration, severe diarrhea, drug overdose and some other diseases and conditions, according to the book "Medical Biochemistry: Human Metabolism in Health and Disease" by Miriam D. Rosenthal. (drsircus.com)
  • It is vital for tissues with high energy requirements, insufficient oxygen supply or absence of oxidative enzymes. (mo-mag.cz)
  • Hypemic hypoxia when there is an inability of the blood to deliver oxygen to target tissues. (wikidoc.org)
  • Metabolic acidosis suggests inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues. (medscape.com)
  • Generalised, or hypoxic hypoxia may be caused by: Hypoventilation - insufficient ventilation of the lungs due to any cause (fatigue, excessive work of breathing, barbiturate poisoning, pneumothorax, sleep apnea etc. (wikipedia.org)
  • When there is risk of anoxia through hypoventilation, oxygen should be added to the inspired air. (com.bd)
  • Ideally the terms anoxia and anoxic (anox, without oxygen) should be restricted to conditions where molecular oxygen is strictly absent. (bioblast.at)
  • An answer to the question of whether oxygen is available, limited or absent and for how long is crucial for nearly all geochemical processes, regardless of whether they are microbially catalyzed or inorganic. (ebus-climate-change.de)
  • Low-inspired oxygen partial pressure, which may be caused by breathing normal air at low ambient pressures due to altitude, by breathing hypoxic breathing gas at an unsuitable depth, by breathing inadequately re-oxygenated recycled breathing gas from a rebreather, life support system, or anesthetic machine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anaerobic metabolism may proceed not only under anoxic conditions or states , but also under hyperoxic and normoxic conditions ( aerobic glycolysis ), and under hypoxic and microxic conditions below the limiting oxygen pressure . (bioblast.at)
  • Although hypoxia is often a pathological condition, variations in arterial oxygen concentrations can be part of the normal physiology, for example, during strenuous physical exercise. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, odor provides insufficient warning of hazardous concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • In other regions experiencing various degrees of O2-deficiency (hypoxia to anoxia), CH4 concentrations vary from a few to hundreds of nanomolar levels. (geomar.de)
  • Hypoxia in which there is complete absence of oxygen supply is referred to as anoxia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aerobic metabolism (with involvement of oxygen) is contrasted with anaerobic metabolism (without involvement of oxygen): Whereas anaerobic metabolism may proceed in the absence or presence of oxygen (anoxic or oxic conditions ), aerobic metabolism is restricted to oxic conditions . (bioblast.at)
  • Cellular respiration in the absence of molecular oxygen is (a) photorespiration (b) glycolysis (c) EMP pathway (d) HMS pathway Answer: (b) glycolysis 2. (mo-mag.cz)
  • Generalized hypoxia can occur in healthy people at a high altitude where oxygen concentration of the air is low. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Brain injuries during surgery could occur because the supply of blood and/or oxygen to the brain is reduced or stopped entirely due to a heart attack, stroke, problems with anesthesia, or other complications with medications. (berkowitzlawfirm.com)
  • Glycolysis does not require oxygen and can occur under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. (mo-mag.cz)
  • Hypoxia differs from hypoxemia and anoxemia, in that hypoxia refers to a state in which oxygen present in a tissue or the whole body is insufficient, whereas hypoxemia and anoxemia refer specifically to states that have low or no oxygen in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hypoxia refers to a state in which the oxygen supply is insufficient for the demand, whereas hypoxemia refers to states that have low arterial oxygen concentration. (mcpcourse.com)
  • A frequent error is to use the term hypoxemia to mean low oxygen content in arterial blood. (wikidoc.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Neuromuscular diseases or interstitial lung disease Malformed vascular system such as an anomalous coronary artery[citation needed] Hypoxemic hypoxia is a lack of oxygen caused by low oxygen tension in the arterial blood, due to the inability of the lungs to sufficiently oxygenate the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anaerobic metabolism takes place without the use of molecular oxygen, in contrast to aerobic metabolism. (bioblast.at)
  • If anaerobic catabolism is activated simultaneously to compensate for lower aerobic ATP generation, then the limiting oxygen pressure , p l , is equal to the p c . (bioblast.at)
  • Anaerobic glycolysis is thought to have been the primary means of energy production in earlier organisms before oxygen was at high concentration in the atmosphere and thus would represent a more ancient form of energy production in cells. (mo-mag.cz)
  • 1980). Details of the anaerobic energy metabolism during ambient lack of oxygen have been excellently dealt with in two recent reviews by Schöttler (1980) and Zandee et al. (mo-mag.cz)
  • Any organ of the body can get ischemia damage due to inadequate oxygen supply to meet the continuous demand for cellular metabolism. (mcpcourse.com)
  • To improve blood oxygenation, infants at risk of hypoxia may be placed inside incubators that provide warmth, humidity, and supplemental oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The alveolar gas equation can be used to estimate the efficiency of pulmonary oxygen delivery to the arterial circulation in the presence of supplemental oxygen administration. (medscape.com)
  • In this situation there is not enough oxygen in the alveolar gas to fully oxygenate the blood volume passing through, and PaO2 will be low. (wikipedia.org)
  • This formula determines the alveolar oxygen pressure. (medscape.com)
  • It causes altitude sickness causing potentially fatal outcomes such as high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema 由于缺氧损伤(HACE)。缺氧也可以occurred in healthy people when breathing mixtures of gasses with a low oxygen concentration, e.g. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Causes of Hypoxia can be the high altitude where oxygen concentration of the air is low, breathing mixtures of gasses with a low oxygen concentration, etc. (mcpcourse.com)
  • Oxygen gas is soluble in water at an oxygen solubility , S O2 , that depends on temperature and the concentration and type of dissolved substances. (bioblast.at)
  • The practical definition, therefore, depends on (i) the techiques applied for oxygen removal and minimizing oxygen diffusion into the experimental system, (ii) the sensitivity and limit of detection of analytical methods of measuring oxygen (O 2 concentration in the nM range), and (iii) the types of diagnostic tests applied to evaluate effects of trace amounts of oxygen on physiological and biochemical processes. (bioblast.at)
  • The difficulties involved in defining an absolute limit between anoxic and microxic conditions are best illustrated by a logarithmic scale of oxygen pressure or oxygen concentration. (bioblast.at)
  • Apoxemia is an abnormally low concentration of oxygen in arterial blood [1] . (wikidoc.org)
  • An insufficient amount of red blood cells, often found in premature babies. (pampers.com)
  • Either Sleep apnea or Hypopnea causing a decrease in oxygen saturation of the blood. (wikidoc.org)
  • Pulse oximetry may show a depressed oxygen saturation, but the decrease does not accurately reflect the level of methemoglobinemia. (medscape.com)
  • The percent of oxyhemoglobin measured by CO-oximetry is an accurate measure of the arterial oxygen saturation. (medscape.com)
  • With most blood gas machines, the oxygen saturation is calculated on the basis of the PaO 2 level. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, such a reading does not give an accurate determination of oxygen saturation, which must come from CO-oximetry. (medscape.com)
  • Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. (wikipedia.org)
  • What has been debated until now is exactly what made the oceans inhospitable to life -- the high acidity of the water, metal and sulfide poisoning, a complete lack of oxygen, or simply higher temperatures. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Fetal distress due to lack of oxygen (also known as anoxia) that damages your baby's brain. (legalasap.com)
  • The lack of such information is due to an insufficient number of high-resolution marine sediment cores and the foci of former scientific projects. (ebus-climate-change.de)
  • After suspension the face may become engorged and cyanosed (turned blue through lack of oxygen). (blogspot.com)
  • Brain damage can be caused by a lack of oxygen to the fetus during labor and childbirth and is proven by failure to react normally to stimulus, failure to thrive, and other symptoms. (birthinjurylawyer.com)
  • Practically, effective anoxia is obtained when a further decrease of experimental oxygen levels does not elicit any physiological or biochemical response. (bioblast.at)
  • The model shows the hardest hit were organisms most sensitive to oxygen found far from the tropics. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Since tropical organisms' metabolisms were already adapted to fairly warm, lower-oxygen conditions, they could move away from the tropics and find the same conditions somewhere else," Deutsch said. (geologicalenterprises.com)
  • bases of sessile, polypoid, and frond-like, soft-bodied organisms, This supports a long-postulated link between oxygen levels and as well as rare ovate segmented fossils, and abundant simple or the emergence of eumetazoa. (docslib.org)
  • As temperatures rose and the metabolism of marine animals sped up, the warmer waters could not hold enough oxygen for their survival. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As temperatures rose and the metabolism of marine animals sped up, the warmer waters could not hold enough oxygen for them to survive. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The study builds on previous work led by Deutsch showing that as oceans warm, marine animals' metabolism speeds up, meaning they require more oxygen, while warmer water holds less. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This value, usually less than 5-10 mm Hg, may be several hundred mm Hg in the setting of significant pulmonary injury and can be used to assess improvement or deterioration in lung function when measured at a stable fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ). (medscape.com)
  • Hanging with no or insufficient drop typically produces death by strangulation (asphyxia) due to the weight of the person's body pulling down on the noose, causing it to tighten and constrict the trachea (air passage) and applying pressure to the large blood vessels in the neck. (blogspot.com)
  • Cellular and intracellular hyperoxia is imposed on isolated cells and isolated mitochondria at air-level oxygen pressures which are higher compared to cellular and intracellular oxygen pressures under tissue conditions in vivo. (bioblast.at)
  • To analyze the effects on marine species, the researchers considered the varying oxygen and temperature sensitivities of 61 modern marine species -- including crustaceans, fish, shellfish, corals and sharks -- using published lab measurements. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The tolerance of modern animals to high temperature and low oxygen is expected to be similar to Permian animals because they had evolved under similar environmental conditions. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To do this, we first obtained geo-referenced occurrence points for extant invertebrate species by digitizing their distribution maps in the Beneath Pacific Tides: Subtidal Invertebrates of the West Coast field guide and matched these occurrences to temperature and oxygen values at the ocean floor obtained from the World Ocean Atlas database. (stanford.edu)
  • It is possible to have a low oxygen content (e.g. due to anemia) but a high PO 2 also, and incorrect use can lead to confusion. (wikidoc.org)
  • Babies with severe respiratory distress syndrome (see Respiratory distress syndrome, below) who require prolonged treatment with mechanical ventilation and oxygen are at risk for BPD. (pampers.com)
  • Hypoxia also occurs in healthy individuals when breathing inappropriate mixtures of gases with a low oxygen content, e.g., while diving underwater, especially when using malfunctioning closed-circuit rebreather systems that control the amount of oxygen in the supplied air. (wikipedia.org)
  • Normal anatomical shunt occurs in everyone, because of the Thebesian vessels which empty into the left ventricle and the bronchial circulation which supplies the bronchi with oxygen. (wikidoc.org)
  • The oxygen supplied to the region of the body is then insufficient for its needs. (wikidoc.org)
  • Insufficient treatment of mother or baby's bleeding issues during childbirth. (legalasap.com)
  • Pigmented Villonodular SynovitisThe anoxia was NEW treatment( PVNS) mammals when the % of our colors appreciate brief. (reconcile-int.org)
  • Systemic damage is usually a secondary result of anoxia caused by loss of lung function. (cdc.gov)
  • We review here the available information on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from major marine, mostly coastal, oxygen (O2)-deficient zones formed both naturally and as a result of human activities (mainly eutrophication). (geomar.de)
  • The signature of that kill mechanism, climate warming and oxygen loss, is this geographic pattern that's predicted by the model and then discovered in the fossils," Penn said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Before ongoing volcanic eruptions in Siberia created a greenhouse-gas planet, oceans had temperatures and oxygen levels similar to today's. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The practice of pH Medicine , which gives us a handle on CO2 levels in the blood, and thus oxygen levels, is handled best using bicarbonates. (drsircus.com)
  • However, a meaningful quantitative prediction of this increase is not possible at present because of continuing uncertainties concerning the formative pathways to N2O as well as insufficient data from key coastal regions. (geomar.de)
  • At present, there are insufficient data to recommend a dosage regimen for children. (com.bd)