• An international team of scientists has now applied a new method to investigate the diet of fossil humans: the analysis of stable zinc isotopes from tooth enamel. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The team analyzed the ratio of stable zinc isotopes in the teeth of modern and fossil sharks from around the world, including megalodon sharks and modern and fossilized great white sharks. (thewestonforum.com)
  • Here, we present the results of zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) isotope and trace element ratio analysis measured in dental enamel on a Pleistocene food web in Gabasa, Spain, to characterize the diet and ecology of a Middle Paleolithic Neandertal individual. (mpg.de)
  • Strontium has the same charge as calcium and a number of different, easily measurable isotopes. (whoi.edu)
  • The concentration of strontium, as well as the ratio of two of its isotopes, strontium 87 and strontium 86, were measured in both vent fluid and in seawater. (whoi.edu)
  • The data collected in this study is called strontium (Sr) isotope data. (timescavengers.blog)
  • Within strontium are four isotopes, and these two are the closest to each other in abundance. (timescavengers.blog)
  • Testing various pre-treatments on artificially waterlogged and pitch-contaminated wood for strontium isotope analyses. (lifewatch.be)
  • A radioactive isotope produced by nuclear fission, strontium-90 had an "affinity for bone" and scientists in the 1950s and 1960s feared that it could cause cancer. (positivehealth.com)
  • All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 60 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 30 seconds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Absolute dating is when scientists calculate the amount of radioactive decay in the isotopes of minerals found inside the fossil. (timescavengers.blog)
  • In its elementary state uranium is only weakly radioactive due to its unstable isotopes, which vary naturally. (euradcom.org)
  • In this study, researchers analysed the zinc stable isotope ratios from animal and human teeth from two sites in the Huà Pan Province of Laos: Tam Pà Ling and the nearby site of Nam Lot. (sciencedaily.com)
  • With zinc stable isotope ratios, we can now study Tam Pà Ling and learn what kind of food our earliest ancestors in this region were eating. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In this way, the researchers were also able to determine the zinc isotope ratios of megalodon teeth from the early Pliocene (5.3 to 3.6 million years ago) and of great white sharks living then and now in order to get indications about the interactions that might occur there. (thewestonforum.com)
  • Here, a Thermo- Finnigan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer was used to calculate the isotopic ratios of the bivalves, which were then juxtaposed with the ratios of modern mollusks. (timescavengers.blog)
  • 2010): The effect of a reciprocal peat transplant between two contrasting Central European sites on C cycling and C isotope ratios. (czechglobe.cz)
  • 2014): The Fate of Atmospherically Derived Pb in Central European Catchments: Insights from Spatial and Temporal Pollution Gradients and Pb Isotope Ratios. (czechglobe.cz)
  • 2016) Lead fluxes and 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratios in rime and snow collected at remote mountain-top locations (Czech Republic, Central Europe): Patterns and sources. (czechglobe.cz)
  • Laboratory study of iron isotope fractionation during dissolution of mineral dust and industrial ash in simulated cloud water. (lifewatch.be)
  • Iron, copper, and zinc isotopic fractionation in seafloor basalts and hydrothermal sulfides. (lifewatch.be)
  • Nickel-58 is the most abundant isotope of nickel, making up 68.077% of the natural abundance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Starting [3] from Ni58 which is the more abundant isotope, we can obtain as described in the two above processes Copper formation and its successive decay in Nickel, producing Ni59, Ni60, Ni61 and Ni62. (journal-of-nuclear-physics.com)
  • Believed to decay by β+β+ to 58Fe with a half-life over 1.7×1022 years Highest binding energy per nucleon of all nuclides The 5 stable and 30 unstable isotopes of nickel range in atomic weight from 48 Ni to 82 Ni , and include: Nickel-48, discovered in 1999, is the most neutron-poor nickel isotope known. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nitrogen isotope analysis, in particular, can help scientists learn if past humans were eating animals or plants. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This omnivorous diet also differs from most nitrogen isotope data of humans in other regions of the world for that time period, where a meat-rich diet is almost consistently discerned. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The characterization of Neandertals' diets has mostly relied on nitrogen isotope analyses of bone and tooth collagen. (mpg.de)
  • However, few nitrogen isotope data have been recovered from bones or teeth from Iberia due to poor collagen preservation at Paleolithic sites in the region. (mpg.de)
  • Because it now represents an important addition to the nitrogen isotope analyzes of dental collagen, which previously provided conclusions about diets. (thewestonforum.com)
  • The protein collagen found in bone and teeth, which is required for these analyzes, is difficult to preserve long-term, so traditional nitrogen isotope analysis is often not possible," McCormack says. (thewestonforum.com)
  • Coordination of the nitrogen atom to zinc enables this SH2 process which represents a rare example of alkylzinc-group transfer to a tertiary α-carbonyl radical. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
  • New insights into the formation and emplacement of impact melt rocks within the Chicxulub impact structure, following the 2016 IODP-ICDP Expedition 364. (lifewatch.be)
  • 2016) Cu-Zn isotope constraints on the provenance of air pollution in central Europe: Using soluble and insoluble particles in snow and rime. (czechglobe.cz)
  • Isotopes are elements having the same number of protons in their nuclei, but different numbers of neutrons. (whoi.edu)
  • Scientists from the RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Research and collaborators have used the center's heavy ion accelerator, the RI Beam Factory, to demonstrate that nickel 78, a neutron-rich "doubly magic" isotope of nickel with 28 protons and 50 neutrons, still maintains a spherical shape that allows it to be relatively stable despite the large imbalance in the number of protons and neutrons. (scienmag.com)
  • Possible sources include electron capture from copper-58 and EC + p from zinc-59. (wikipedia.org)
  • They generated a beam of uranium 238 and used it to bombard a target of beryllium, forcing the uranium to fission into isotopes such as copper 79 and zinc 80-both of which have 50 neutrons. (scienmag.com)
  • Inter-comparison of stable iron, copper and zinc isotopic compositions in six reference materials of biological origin. (lifewatch.be)
  • Typically dispensed from a copper bracelet that forms the cathode, the most useful transdermal microminerals besides copper are iron and zinc. (scientiapress.com)
  • Taking copper in combination with zinc, manganese, and calcium might slow bone loss in older women. (supplemented.net)
  • You shouldn't take copper supplements and zinc supplements at the same time. (supplemented.net)
  • The studies in this project will provide novel insights that will allow researchers to direct therapeutic strategies to protect against the development of obesity and associated complications. (usda.gov)
  • An international team of researchers has now gained insight into this question using a new detection method. (thewestonforum.com)
  • As part of their study, the researchers have now discovered to what extent zinc isotope fingerprints allow conclusions to be drawn about the sharks' diet. (thewestonforum.com)
  • In order to do these experiments, naturally occurring gadolinium could not be used due to its overwhelming neutron scattering cross-section, and the researchers used instead a costly isotope known as gadolinium -160. (nanowerk.com)
  • Biochemical and activity-based probe analyses identify a non-canonical zinc finger domain as the E3 active site, which utilizes the strictly conserved Cys4462, not involved in zinc coordination, as the reactive nucleophile. (biorxiv.org)
  • The cycling of biologically-essential trace elements like iron and zinc, and predominantly scavenged elements like lead and thorium, is driven by complex interactions of physical transport and mixing, spatially-variable sources and sinks, and species-specific biological uptake and regeneration. (geotraces.org)
  • For poor people in developing countries, a bracelet that provided iron and zinc could help solve major health problems. (scientiapress.com)
  • Metal isotopic fingerprint of different soil particle size fractions provides further insight into the underlying metal retention mechanisms within soil micro-zones and helps in tracing metal sources and biogeochemical processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sulfur isotope data and studies of organic matter indicate that the reduced sulfur in the ores was derived from the reduction of Mesozoic marine sulfate by thermochemical sulfate reduction or bacterially mediated processes at a different time or place from ore deposition. (hal.science)
  • The studies of the Trèves ores provide insights into the ore-forming processes of a typical MVT deposit in the Cévennes region. (hal.science)
  • Scientists can gain much insight into hydrothermal processes through detailed studies of these exposed areas of fossil systems, but only by investigating active systems can they simultaneously examine hydrothermal fluids and the corresponding mineral deposits created by them. (whoi.edu)
  • Sampling across these regimes allows the processes affecting the cycling of trace elements and isotopes to be revealed. (geotraces.org)
  • This session invites presentations on processes affecting trace elements and isotopes, methods to study them, and modeling approaches to explore mechanisms and rates of biogeochemical processes that are revealed in waters near the Southern Ocean. (geotraces.org)
  • Zinc (Zn) is a trace element necessary for the development of the plants involved as protein constituent and related to enzymatic processes. (ishs.org)
  • Shallow forearc mantle dynamics and geochemistry: new insights from IODP Expedition 366. (lifewatch.be)
  • Stable isotope geochemistry. (ac.ir)
  • This makes isotopic approaches the only way to gain insight into past dietary reliance. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Another kind of analysis performed in this study -- stable carbon isotopes analysis -- indicates that the food consumed came strictly from forested environments," says Élise Dufour, researcher at the National Natural History Museum of Paris. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Together, the zinc and carbon isotope results may suggest a mix of specialized adaptations to tropical rainforests seen from other Southeast Asian archaeological sites. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Data. (mpg.de)
  • 2009): Isotope composition of bulk carbon in replicated Sphagnum peat cores from three Central European high-elevation wetlands. (czechglobe.cz)
  • Nickel-61 is the only stable isotope of nickel with a nuclear spin (I = 3/2), which makes it useful for studies by EPR spectroscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to Pieter Doornenbal of the Nishina Center, "This is an important finding, as it gives us new insights for how magic numbers appear and disappear across the nuclear landscape and affect the process of nucleosynthesis that led to the abundance of isotopes that we see in the universe today. (scienmag.com)
  • However, it was suggested that a so-called specific difference between the hyperfine splittings in hydrogen-like and lithium-like ions of the same isotope can be used to cancel nuclear structure effects and provide an accurate test of QED [Shabaev et al. (fnal.gov)
  • The gas can then be enriched to make it concentrated in uranium isotope 235, the isotope most needed for nuclear power. (euradcom.org)
  • Here, two soils were separated into four particle size fractions, namely fine sand , silt, fine silt, and colloidal particles and used to determine cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) concentrations and isotope compositions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Incorporation into the mineral lattice of Fe and Mn oxides is suggested to explain the slight enrichment of heavy Cd isotopes in the colloidal fraction. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hafnium and neodymium isotopes and REY distribution in the truly dissolved, nanoparticulate/colloidal and suspended loads of rivers in the Amazon Basin, Brazil. (obs-mip.fr)
  • Unfortunately, nickel isotopes appear to have been heterogeneously distributed in the early Solar System. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nickel-62 has the highest binding energy per nucleon of any isotope for any element, when including the electron shell in the calculation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nickel-64 is another stable isotope of nickel. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nickel-78 is one of the element's heaviest known isotopes. (wikipedia.org)
  • To get an answer, the group decided to experiment with nickel 78, a doubly magic isotope that has only recently become accessible to experimentation thanks to powerful accelerators such as the RI Beam Factory in Japan, which they used. (scienmag.com)
  • Cadmium and zinc isotope compositions indicate metal sources and retention mechanisms in different soil particle size fractions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elevated Mercury Concentrations and Isotope Signatures (N, C, Hg) in Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) from the Galápagos Marine Reserve and Waters off Ecuador. (harvard.edu)
  • Mercury Stable Isotopes Reveal Influence of Foraging Depth on Mercury Concentrations and Growth in Pacific Bluefin Tuna. (harvard.edu)
  • The ratio involves the decay of rubidium isotope 87 Rb , a trace element, into 87 Sr over geologic time. (timescavengers.blog)
  • Isotope Dilution Laser Ablation ICP-MS (ID-LA-ICP-MS), because of its impressive spatial resolution capacity and precise means for quantification, is one of the most promising tools for in-situ quantitative imaging of trace elements in biological samples. (researcher-app.com)
  • When we compare the zinc isotope values from the fossil Homo sapiens of Tam Pà Ling to that of the animals, it strongly suggests that its diet contained both plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A study now provides new evidence that the smaller but more adaptable great white shark snatched food from its giant relative: Comparisons of zinc isotope fingerprints in the fossil teeth of both shark species indicate that they hunted similar prey and were thus food competitors. (thewestonforum.com)
  • She examined the effects of zinc (Zn) isotopes in the teeth of fossil sharks. (thewestonforum.com)
  • For the first time, we were able to extract Conclusions about the diet of these animals based on zinc isotope fingerprints in the highly mineralized enamel crown of fossil shark teeth. (thewestonforum.com)
  • Mercury isotope study of sources and exposure pathways of methylmercury in estuarine food webs in the Northeastern U.S. Environ Sci Technol. (harvard.edu)
  • Based on the extremely low δ66Zn value observed in the Neandertal's tooth enamel, our results support the interpretation of Neandertals as carnivores as already suggested by δ15N isotope values of specimens from other regions. (mpg.de)
  • Preliminary results show that zinc measurement in protein (fingernails) is a better indicator for zinc status than zinc measurements in plasma. (usda.gov)
  • Therefore, the abundance of 60 Ni present in extraterrestrial material may provide insight into the origin of the Solar System and its early history/very early history. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, zinc is considered an essential element in most organisms, while other elements like aluminum or uranium are deemed non-essential. (timescavengers.blog)
  • To do this, the centrifuge process is used, separating the uranium 235 from waste uranium by repeatedly diffusing the gas through a silver-zinc membrane in thousands of fast-spinning vertical tubes. (euradcom.org)
  • Mercury Isotopes" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • Hg-196, 198-201, and 204 are stable mercury isotopes. (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Mercury Isotopes" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Mercury Isotopes" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Mercury Isotopes" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • Selenium and stable mercury isotopes provide new insights into mercury toxicokinetics in pilot whales. (harvard.edu)
  • Environmental Origins of Methylmercury Accumulated in Subarctic Estuarine Fish Indicated by Mercury Stable Isotopes. (harvard.edu)
  • Assessing sources of human methylmercury exposure using stable mercury isotopes. (harvard.edu)
  • New methods -- such as zinc isotope analysis of enamel -- can now overcome these limitations and allow us to investigate teeth from regions and periods we could not study before," says study leader Thomas Tütken, professor at the Johannes Gutenberg University's Institute of Geosciences. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Although teeth are not bone, similarities between the formation of bone and teeth mean that studying one can often lead to insights into the other. (positivehealth.com)
  • Finally, the Sr isotope ratio produced three values - each with a corresponding minimum and maximum age. (timescavengers.blog)
  • Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and stimulants in macrobenthic food web in the European Arctic as determined using stable isotope approach. (uliege.be)
  • It will be interesting, in the future, to compare our zinc isotope data with data from other prehistoric human species of Southeast Asia, like Homo erectus and Homo floresiensis , and see if we could understand better why they went extinct while our species survived," concludes first author Nicolas Bourgon, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Zinc Isotope Data. (mpg.de)
  • It sometimes occurs in people who get too much zinc from diet or supplements, have intestinal bypass surgery, or are fed by feeding tubes. (supplemented.net)
  • In this study, we reported a novel quantitative imaging strategy for biological thin section based on ID-LA-ICP-MS. To distribute the enriched isotope spikes on tissue section homogeneously, a "border" was constructed to make spike droplet stay on the tissue for isotope exchange. (researcher-app.com)
  • Stable isotope (N, C, Hg) study of methylmercury sources and trophic transfer in the northern gulf of Mexico. (harvard.edu)
  • Ore component mobility, transport and mineralization at mid-oceanic ridges: a stable isotopes (Zn, Cu and Fe) study of the Rainbow massif (Mid-Atlantic Ridge 36°14′N). (lifewatch.be)
  • Zinc isotopes have been shown to be a reliable method for reconstructing trophic levels in the absence of organic matter preservation. (mpg.de)
  • Lead isotope studies suggest that the metals were extracted from local basement rocks. (hal.science)
  • Some metals, such as lithium or zinc, which are usually rare in the environment, can be considerably enriched because of our massive use of high-tech objects, which are little recycled. (anr.fr)
  • 78Ni, along with N = 50 isotones 79Cu and 80Zn, are thought to constitute a waiting point in the r-process, where further neutron capture is delayed by the shell gap and a buildup of isotopes around A = 80 results. (wikipedia.org)
  • BODY COMPOSITION: 1: Develop and validate stable isotope methodology to that can be utilized to investigate energy regulation related to sarcopenic obesity and frailty in the elderly. (usda.gov)
  • The strong similarities between zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) vertical profiles have led many studies to suggest the uptake of Zn in diatom frustules, followed by simultaneous remineralisation at depth. (geotraces.org)
  • LAB: BODY COMPOSITION Simple monitoring of isotope clearance in breath CO2 can provide detailed information on the metabolism of labeled food and help us understand the connection between food composition and energy management. (usda.gov)
  • The Trèves zinc-lead deposit is one of several Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits in the Cévennes region of southern France. (hal.science)
  • The development and validation of new tools for field use include a new portable analytical device that can measure zinc content in fingernail clippings. (usda.gov)
  • Zinc isotope signals are coherent in fossils and corresponding modern species. (thewestonforum.com)
  • 59 Ni has found many applications in isotope geology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evolution of pre-1.8 Ga basement rocks in the western Mt Isa Inlier, northeastern Australia-insights from Shrimp U-Pb dating and in-situ Lu-Hf analysis of zircons, Precambrian Res. (copernicus.org)