Inkt cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

iNKT cells have been traditionally defined by the expression of an invariant TCR α-chain (Vα14-Jα18 in mice or Vα24-Jα18 in humans) and their capacity to recognise the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) presented on CD1d. (elifesciences.org)
Alternatively, the adjuvant activity of CD1d-restricted invariant NKT cells (iNKT) on the innate and adaptive immunity is well demonstrated, and several CD1d glycolipid ligands are under pre-clinical and clinical evaluation. (biomedcentral.com)
Activation and tumor targeting of iNKT cells via recombinant α-galactosylceramide (αGC)-loaded CD1d-anti-HER2 fusion protein (CD1d-antitumor) is combined or not with OVA peptide/CpG vaccine. (biomedcentral.com)
The combined CD1d/iNKT antitumor therapy and CpG/peptide-based immunization leads to optimized expansion of NK and OVA-specific CD8 T cells (CTLs), likely resulting from the maturation of highly pro-inflammatory DCs as seen by a synergistic increase in serum IL-12. (biomedcentral.com)
Altogether, our study in mice demonstrates that αGC/CD1d-antitumor fusion protein greatly increases the efficacy of a therapeutic CpG-based cancer vaccine, first as an adjuvant during T cell priming and second, as a therapeutic agent to redirect immune responses to the tumor site. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to TLR ligands, CD1d-restricted invariant NKT (iNKT) cells have been shown to efficiently promote the transactivation of DCs through the CD40L-CD40 interaction upon recognition of the CD1d-glycolipid antigen complex by their semi-invariant TCR. (biomedcentral.com)
Invariant NK T cells can be specifically activated by CD1d-presented antigen resulting in rapid production of IL-4 and IFN (also known as IFN-γ). (bdbiosciences.com)
NKT cells are a subtype of T cells, found in low frequency in the body (less than 1% in the peripheral blood of mice and humans) and characterized by their reactivity to glycolipids presented in the context of an MHC class I-like molecule, called CD1d. (fapesp.br)
The adipocyte was reported as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) which expresses CD1d and MHC class I and II molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Several studies have shown that adipocytes highly express CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and stimulates the activation of iNKT cells ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
iNKT cells can recognize endogenous lipids presented by CD1d molecules on tumor cells and release Perforin and Granzyme B to lyse tumor cells directly. (aacrjournals.org)
In the absence of CD1d expression on tumor cells, iNKT cells may become activated in response to CD1d-expressing or Toll-like receptor (TLR)-activated antigen-presenting cells (APC). (aacrjournals.org)
Dr. Cerundolo demonstrated how the length and saturation of lipid antigens contained within the CD1d binding site modulate their affinity of binding to invariant NKT cells (iNKT cells), hence explaining how lipid-specific lymphocytes are capable of recognizing both the group head and the length of lipid antigens, ensuring greater specificity of antigen recognition. (aacrjournals.org)
His seminal findings on the processing and presentation of peptide and lipid antigens made fundamental advances to the field of antigen presentation to MHC class I-restricted T cells and CD1d-restricted iNKT cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Professor Besra heads a world-leading multidisciplinary team investigating key aspects of the microbial physiology of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall and the potential role of iNKT/CD1d therapeutics. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Several synthetic iNKT-cell agonists that have potential as vaccine adjuvants have been identified, but these are not without their limitations-strong agonists can lead to the undesirable effects associated with overstimulation of the immune system, whereas too weak agonists may provide insufficient iNKT cell help to stimulate maturation of dendritic cells and differentiation of B cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Within the underlying theme of our research, we explore T cell responses from two complementary angles: the molecular pathways intrinsic to T cells, and the pathways that act in dendritic cells to cross-regulate T cell responses. (stjude.org)
Circulating and intratumoral NK and H-2Kb/OVA-specific CD8 responses are monitored, as well as the state of activation of dendritic cells (DC) with regard to activation markers and IL-12 secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
The innate immune system includes macrophages, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, which respond quickly to an immunological threat. (nature.com)
agenT-797 activates dendritic cells, which can promote activation of T cells through enhanced antigen presentation. (advfn.com)
B ) Muzzle skin was digested and analyzed via FACS for Siglec F + eosinophils (left panels), Ly- 6G + neutrophils (middle panels), Ly-6C + MHC-II lo monocytes and Ly-6C + MHC-II hi monocyte-derived dendritic cells (right panels). (elifesciences.org)

This suggests that unique tissue-specific factors (including local lipid antigens, cytokines and/or hormones) may shape the population of iNKT cells resident in those tissues, ultimately regulating local immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
One of the most striking features of iNKT cells is usually their ability to rapidly produce multiple cytokines such as IL-4 IFN-γ GM-CSF IL-10 IL-13 and IL-17. (bioskinrevive.com)
These cytokines greatly impact innate immunity shape adaptive immune responses and donate to the defensive and detrimental assignments of iNKT cells in a variety of autoimmune allergic and inflammatory illnesses in protection against microbial an infection and in tumor surveillance (1-5). (bioskinrevive.com)
Since KRN7000 stimulates iNKT cells to release both Th1 and Th2 cytokines in relative amounts at which the biological activity of either one is antagonized by the other, tremendous effort has been devoted toward synthesizing analogues of KRN7000 that bias cytokine release, as such targets may offer new approaches to treating viral infections, bacterial infections, cancer, and autoimmune conditions. (uconn.edu)
Stimulation of iNKT cells by α-galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer), also known as KRN7000, and its truncated analogue OCH induces both Th1- and Th2-cytokines, with OCH inducing a Th2-cytokine bias. (ox.ac.uk)
This anastomotic study demonstrated a decrease in IEC TLR4 expression and microbiome diversity which then coincided with increased expansion of regulatory and pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
Next, we summarize various cytokines produced by adipocytes that regulate the survival, activation and differentiation of B cells. (frontiersin.org)

The unique position of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells at the interface of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response, combined with their ability to modulate the activity of antigen-presenting cells, has led to their intensive investigation as a means of augmenting the immune response both in vaccination strategies for microbial infections and in tumor immunotherapy. (ox.ac.uk)
Impact The proposed off-the-shelf HSC-engineered iNKT therapy has the potential to become a general cancer immunotherapy for treating multiple cancers and a large population of cancer patients. (ca.gov)
Virginia-based CEL-SCI Corporation presented an abstract and poster describing its leukocyte interleukin injection (LI) immunotherapy in advanced primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (biospace.com)
Our laboratory has a long-standing interest in immune signaling and cell metabolism underlying the differentiation and function of T cells, a central cell type in adaptive immunity and cancer immunotherapy. (stjude.org)

Translational Candidate stem cell-based off-the-shelf CAR-iNKT cells Area of Impact multiple myeloma (MM) Mechanism of Action The proposed therapeutic candidate can directly kill MM tumor cells. (ca.gov)
Antisense oligonucleotide gapmers containing phosphoryl guanidine groups reverse MDR1-mediated multiple drug resistance of tumor cells. (yale.edu)

For instance, a peptide/CpG-based cancer vaccine has been evaluated in several clinical trials and was shown in pre-clinical studies to favor the expansion of effector T versus Tregs cells, resulting in a potent antitumor activity, as compared to other TLR ligands. (biomedcentral.com)
The resulting antitumor therapy is tested against established tumor grafts of B16 melanoma cells expressing human HER2 and ovalbumin. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, other cells at the interface of the innate and the adaptive immune system (e.g cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) or invariant natural killer T-cells (iNKT)) are important mediators in antitumor-, autoimmune-, and antimicrobial responses and tumor surveillance. (nature.com)
He showed the proteasome-dependent processing of defined melanoma antigenic proteins into epitopes for antitumor T cells and thus the direct role of immunoproteasomes in cross-presentation of exogenous proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)

AgenTus is actively accruing and treating patients with severe symptoms of COVID-19 with its proprietary allogeneic iNKT cell therapy, with dose escalation underway. (biopharmacurated.com)
Research Objective The expected outcome is a therapeutic candidate, allogeneic HSC-engineered HLA-I/II-negative human iNKT cells, that can potentially be used as an off-the-shelf cellular therapy for treating cancer. (ca.gov)
Research Objective Development of hESC-derived pancreatic beta cells that are protected from allogeneic and autoimmune attack into a cell therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) Impact Cell therapy of T1D is challenged by immune rejection. (ca.gov)
6. MiNK-413 is a differentiated allogeneic IL-15-armored-BCMA-CAR-iNKT therapeutic candidate, a next generation approach designed to overcome the limitations of current autologous cell therapies. (advfn.com)
In addition to their direct anti-tumor activity, allogeneic iNKT cells (agenT-797) improve immune effector function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (advfn.com)

Evaluation of purified iNKT cells uncovered that TSC1 promotes T-bet which regulates iNKT maturation but downregulates ICOS appearance in iNKT cells by inhibiting mTOR complicated 1 (mTORC1). (bioskinrevive.com)
Furthermore mice missing T-bet exhibited both a terminal maturation defect of iNKT cells and a predominance of iNKT-17 cells and elevated ICOS appearance was necessary for the predominance of iNKT-17 cells in the populace of TSC1-lacking iNKT cells. (bioskinrevive.com)
Our data reveal that TSC1-reliant control of mTORC1 is essential Thy1 for terminal iNKT maturation and effector lineage decisions leading to the predominance of iNKT-1 cells. (bioskinrevive.com)
iNKT cell terminal maturation from levels 2-3 3 requires sign through the IL-15 and supplement D receptors as well as the transcription factor paederosidic acid T-bet and mediator subunit Med1 (11-14). (bioskinrevive.com)
How T-bet is usually regulated for iNKT terminal maturation is usually poorly comprehended. (bioskinrevive.com)
Unlike sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic regulators do not necessarily bind DNA at consensus sequences, but still achieve reproducible target binding in a manner that is cell and maturation-type specific. (frontiersin.org)
We have recently shown that the vaccine formulation, and in particular the presence of the Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonist CpG, can significantly promote the maturation of pro-inflammatory DCs, which favors Type I T cell responses while restricting the expansion of Tregs [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

2017). Psychosine variants as antigens for natural killer T cells . (up.pt)
Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to boost the natural immunity against transformed cancer cells, and a series of adjuvants and co-stimulatory molecules have been proposed to enhance the immune response against weak self-antigens expressed on cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)

A true understanding of cell differentiation in the immune system will require a general perspective on the transcriptional profile of each cell type of the adaptive and innate immune systems, and how these profiles evolve through cell differentiation or activation by immunogenic or tolerogenic ligands. (wikipedia.org)

This invariant chain is expressed on invariant NK T cells, which are a small subset of T lymphocytes that also express other NK cell molecules such as CD161. (bdbiosciences.com)
Invariant NK T cells have been reported to play an immunoregulatory role. (bdbiosciences.com)
The mouse monoclonal antibody 6B11 recognizes an extracellular epitope within V alpha 24 J alpha 18 TCR, which is expressed by invariant NK T cells (iNKT). (exbio.cz)
TCR alpha V24-J18 chain is a marker of invariant NK T cells (iNKT). (exbio.cz)

Since iNKT cell activation can prevent or promote immunopathology in diverse disease contexts, the strict control of peripheral iNKT cell homeostasis is vital to regulate local immunity. (elifesciences.org)
Beyond the common features shared by all iNKT cells (including their CD1-restriction and innate-like properties), cells found in discrete tissues have distinct phenotypes and functions that critically modulate the outcome of immunity ( Crosby and Kronenberg, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
Research Objective We propose to generate NK cells with enhanced immunity from gene-edited human PSCs and use the resultant NK cells to kill SARS-CoV-2-infected cells to combat against COVID-19. (ca.gov)
Among immune cells, Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are potent inhibitors of cancer immunity, and their presence within solid tumors is generally associated with a poor prognosis. (mdpi.com)
The adaptive immune response consists of T cell-mediated cellular immunity and B cell-mediated humoral immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, adipocytes play an important role in B cell-mediated adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
This review describes how adipocytes participate in adaptive immunity from the perspective of T cells and B cells, and discusses their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. (frontiersin.org)
There are two main mechanisms in the adaptive immune system-humoral immunity and cellular immunity, which are mediated by antibodies and cells respectively. (frontiersin.org)
The T and B cells are the major components of adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

Histamine and its receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects mediated by four GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors HRs 1-4) and their differential expression, which changes according to the stage of cell differentiation and microenvironmental influences. (hindawi.com)
Cell surface receptors containing an immunoglobin domain. (embl.de)
Killer cell inhibitory receptors. (embl.de)
By discovering that the CD4 and CD8 T cell co-receptors associate with the protein tyrosine kinase Lck, Dr. Veillette was one of the founders of the field of immune cell activation over 30 years ago. (ircm.qc.ca)

Deregulation of mTOR signaling because of TSC1 deficiency continues to be implicated in propensity to loss of life lack of quiescence and level of resistance to anergy of T cells aswell as unusual function of mast cells and macrophages (34-41). (bioskinrevive.com)
These cells can be found in the adipose tissue of mice and humans and have a regulatory profile in this tissue, being able to produce IL-10 and IL-2 and to influence the polarization of M2 macrophages. (fapesp.br)
The Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory was the first team to establish a role for a group of macrophages in acquiring antigen and presenting intact antigen to follicular B cells in lymph nodes in vivo . (labbulletin.com)
Now, they have identified a novel role for CD169+ macrophages in activating Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells. (labbulletin.com)
Imaris was also able to demonstrate the confinement of the iNKT cells in the vicinity of the CD169+ macrophages following administration of particulate lipid antigen by reconstructing the lymph nodes in three dimensions. (labbulletin.com)
In these studies, the research team successfully used Imaris to visualize the long-standing interactions between CD169+ macrophages and iNKT cells and found very fast iNKT activation and cytokine secretion. (labbulletin.com)

It is produced by activated Th2 cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and iNKT cells and promotes eosinophilic and basophilic differentiation and activation. (rndsystems.com)
C ) Enumeration of FcεRIα + c-Kit + mast cells in muzzle skin. (elifesciences.org)

By analysing iNKT cells from lymphoid tissues of mice and humans we demonstrate that their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse and is distinct for cells from various tissues resulting in differential lipid-antigen recognition. (elifesciences.org)
The compendium of microarray data currently include over 250 immunologically relevant cell types, from all lymphoid organs and other tissues which are monitored by immune cells. (wikipedia.org)
1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique population of T lymphocytes that lies at the interface between the innate and adaptive immune systems, and they are important mediators of immune responses and tumor surveillance. (aacrjournals.org)

Though it was reported that TSC1-deficient mice contain reduced iNKT cells. (bioskinrevive.com)
A distinct TCRβ hi CD4 + T cells subset after anastomosis was 10-20-fold greater than in control mice. (biomedcentral.com)
2008). Anomalies in conventional T and invariant natural killer T-cell populations in Fabry mice but not in Fabry patients . (up.pt)
The interventions will be tested in HIV-infected mice populated with human immune cells and are designed to target only those cells that are infected with HIV. (amfar.org)
G ) Muzzle-infiltrating cells were isolated from LMC and Sox13 -/- mice and re-stimulated in vitro with PdBu/ionomycin to assess production of IL-5 and IL-13 by ILCs. (elifesciences.org)
Specific loss of Vγ2 + Tγδ17 cells, scratching behaviors and reciprocally enhanced effector function of ILCs in Sox13 -/- mice with dermatitis. (elifesciences.org)
H ) Increased skin γδ T cells, including Tγδ17 cells (TCRδ int ), in 4-6 week old Rora -/- mice. (elifesciences.org)
Aberrant αβ T cell activation in AD of Sox13 -/- mice. (elifesciences.org)
A ) Total number of the indicated T cell types recovered from skin of from 5-6mo mice were calculated using AccuCheck counting beads. (elifesciences.org)
B ) FACS analysis of CD4 neg CD8β neg skin T cells (gated on B220 - F4/80 - TCRβ + ) with control MR1/6-FP or MR1/5-OP-RU tetramer to identify MAIT cells in 5 mo mice. (elifesciences.org)
C ) Summary data of frequency of MAIT tetramer-reactive cells among total TCRβ + cells pooled from two independent experiments, performed as in Panel B analyzing a total of 5-6 mice/group. (elifesciences.org)
D ) Muzzle-infiltrating cells were isolated from indicated mice, stimulated in vitro with PdBu/ionomycin, and analyzed for αβ T cell subset-specific production of IL-17A and IL-22 and for CD4 + T cell production of IL-4, and IL-13. (elifesciences.org)

CRISPR eyes autoimmune disease in revamp of cell therapy plans. (biopharmacurated.com)

Tissue homeostasis is critically dependent on the function of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including lipid-reactive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
2010). Low numbers of CD8 + T lymphocytes in hereditary haemochromatosis are explained by a decrease of the most mature CD8 + effector memory T cells . (up.pt)
Flow cytometric analysis of TCR Vα24-Jα18 (iNKT cell) expression on human peripheral blood CD3+ lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
However, little is known about the metabolism of a distinct population of T lymphocytes, the NKT cells. (fapesp.br)
Our hypothesis is that NKT cells have a metabolic profile that differs from the other lymphocytes and also that the microenvironment of the adipose tissue is capable of influencing the metabolism of these cells and impact on the development of obesity. (fapesp.br)

Additionally, Treg IL-10 + and IL-22 + cells were increased. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, understanding how Treg cell identity is controlled, is of utmost importance for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. (mdpi.com)
In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the different intracellular pathways involved in the programming of Treg cell homeostasis and functions in cancer. (mdpi.com)

Development of these analogues was aimed at inducing Th1 biased cytokine release in iNKT cells. (uconn.edu)
Synthesis of truncated analogues of the iNKT cell agonist, α-galactosyl ceramide (KRN7000), and their biological evaluation. (ox.ac.uk)

Within peripheral tissues iNKT cell recent thymic emigrants exhibit a different TCR repertoire than mature cells, suggesting that the iNKT population is shaped after arrival to the periphery. (elifesciences.org)
Peripheral blood cellular immunological changes were assessed by flow cytometry and transcript levels of BAFF , interferon (IFN)-induced and plasma cell-expressed genes were quantified by NanoString. (biomedcentral.com)
A number of the immunologic abnormalities seen in SARD, including changes in peripheral B (switched memory) and T (iNKT, T regulatory, activated memory T follicular helper) subsets and B cell activation, were also seen in asymptomatic ANA + subjects and those with UCTD. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we examined peripheral blood T and B cell populations and their activation in asymptomatic ANA + individuals together with patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and early SARD to determine whether the cellular immune characteristics found in SARD are distinct from those seen in asymptomatic ANA + individuals, most of whom will not progress to SARD. (biomedcentral.com)
This interaction results in iNKT activation and cytokine production (IFN gamma, IL-4, IL-13), which takes important part in immune regulation and host response to pathogens and cancer(support of both Th1 and Th2 way), although iNKT cells represent less than 1% of total peripheral T cells. (exbio.cz)

Consistent with this, iNKT cells from different organs show distinct basal activation, proliferation and clonal expansion. (elifesciences.org)
In this article we explore strategies being investigated as means of increasing the specificity of and controlling the magnitude of the immune response generated by activation of iNKT cells with synthetic agonists. (ox.ac.uk)
IEC TLR4 activation and signaling is required for mucosal healing, leading to inflammatory factor release that recruits immune cells to limit bacteria invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
citation needed] The first aim of ImmGen is to generate a compendium of whole-genome transcriptional profiles (initially by microarray, now mostly by RNA-sequencing) for nearly all characterized cell populations of the adaptive and innate immune systems in the mouse, at major stages of differentiation and activation. (wikipedia.org)
The aim of the present study is to combine the activation and tumor targeting of activated iNKT, NK and T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
ANA production is associated with altered T and B cell activation even in asymptomatic individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the studies are still controversial regarding the forms of activation of these cells and their consequence to the inflammation of the adipose tissue. (fapesp.br)
Obese adipocytes overexpress MHC class II molecules and costimulators to act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and promote the activation of CD4 + T cells. (frontiersin.org)
agenT-797 restores the cytotoxic capacity, activation, and cytokine production of partially exhausted T cells. (advfn.com)
The bidirectional activation of iNKT cells and APCs promotes the activation of NK-cell and tumor-specific T-cell responses, thereby mediating tumor-cell killing indirectly. (aacrjournals.org)
2. Discovery that the protein tyrosine kinase Csk is a crucial component of the inhibitory machinery suppressing T cell activation, as a result of its capacity to inactivate Src family kinases (Nature, 1993). (ircm.qc.ca)
Finally, it retrospectively analyze the activation strategies and clinical relevance of existing γδ T cell adoptive immunotherapies. (explorationpub.com)
that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)

Synthetic iNKT cell-agonists as vaccine adjuvants--finding the balance. (ox.ac.uk)

Cell Mol Immunol 19:299-302, 2022. (stjude.org)

His demonstration that iNKT cells enhance both antigen-specific antibody and T-cell responses has had a major influence on the development of new vaccines and has opened up new therapeutic strategies to enhance immune responses against cancer and infectious pathogens. (aacrjournals.org)

The discovery of a synthetic glycolipid antigen, KRN7000, has enhanced our understanding of iNKT cell function. (uconn.edu)

Skewing of the iNKT cells' response towards either a Th1- or Th2-cytokine profile offers potential therapeutic benefits. (ox.ac.uk)
Impact Providing the immediate cell therapeutic candidate for clinical trial of diabetic patients. (ca.gov)
Recently, we apply systems biology approaches, such as proteomics, metabolomics, single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), CRISPR screening and integrative network analysis, to reconstruct metabolic signaling circuits and identify new therapeutic targets. (stjude.org)
Transcriptional Control of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer: Toward Therapeutic Targeting? (mdpi.com)
The importance of immune surveillance in eradicating malignant cells is well demonstrated, and several observations have motivated the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
5. MiNK's FAP-CAR-iNKT therapeutic candidate, MiNK-215, demonstrates robust efficacy in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) preclinical models, promoting curative responses, eliminating tumor burden in the lungs, and enhancing tumor specific CD8+ T cell infiltration through tumor stroma. (advfn.com)

Immune checkpoints transient third-degree atrioventricular block, and are costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules usually a right hemicorporeal clonic seizure, after which expressed on the surface of immune cells and modu- mental status was persistently altered. (cdc.gov)
Moreover, like other nucleated cells, adipocytes express MHC class I molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Over the past decades, André Veillette's team has identified and characterized numerous cell surface and intracellular molecules that play a crucial role in normal cell physiology. (ircm.qc.ca)

Unlike conventional T cells, there is little variability in iNKT cells among the human population, so it may be possible to design "off the shelf" CAR-iNKT cells that would work in most people with HIV, rather than having to manufacture CAR T cells from each individual patient. (amfar.org)
OMIP-058: 30-Parameter Flow Cytometry Panel to Characterize iNKT, NK, Unconventional and Conventional T Cells. (bvsalud.org)

γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
Therefore, an in-depth understanding of γδ T cells that play conflicting roles in the tumor microenvironment is necessary. (explorationpub.com)

mTOR is normally a serine/threonine kinase having the ability to integrate environmental stimuli to modify cell metabolism success development and proliferation. (bioskinrevive.com)
In addition, various adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. (frontiersin.org)

Krovi SH, Gapin L: Invariant natural killer T cell subsets - more than just developmental intermediates. (exbio.cz)
It is of great significance to gain insight into the classification of γδ T cell subsets. (explorationpub.com)

First, we introduce adipocytes as APCs to participate in T cell-mediated adaptive immune response. (frontiersin.org)

The iNKT-17 fate is normally developmentally programmed reliant on RORγt and favorably governed by IL-17 receptor B (17 19 On the other hand T-bet which is crucial for Th1 differentiation is vital for iNKT-1 (20 21 Nevertheless the romantic relationship between both of these iNKT effector lineages as well as the systems dictating iNKT-1 predominance over iNKT-17 are badly understood. (bioskinrevive.com)
Translational Candidate A single-chain bispecific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting BCMA and CS1 will be used to in autologous T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma. (ca.gov)
A similar role in T cell receptor signaling was ascribed to Fyn, another Src-related enzyme found in T cells (J. Exp. (ircm.qc.ca)
γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)

Although it is becoming apparent that TSC1/mTOR signaling is normally involved with many areas of T cell biology the need for TSC1/mTOR in iNKT cells is normally unclear. (bioskinrevive.com)

Similar to αβ T cells, γδ T cells also develop in embryos, and their intra-thymic development shows strict regulation and flexible plasticity [ 2 ]. (explorationpub.com)

Agenus Inc. (NASDAQ: AGEN), an immuno-oncology company with an extensive pipeline of checkpoint antibodies, cell therapies, adjuvants, and vaccines designed to activate immune response to cancers and infections, today announced positive preliminary results from its Phase 1 trial of iNKT cell therapy in patients with moderate to severe symptoms of COVID-19 through its subsidiary, AgenTus Therapeutics. (biopharmacurated.com)
Novartis licenses Legend cell therapy for lung cancer. (biopharmacurated.com)
Poseida Therapeutics is testing the safety of a gene modified cell therapy to treat multiple myeloma, the abnormal growth of malignant plasma cells of the immune system. (ca.gov)
Research Objective We will use integrated gene editing techniques to develop a new CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma treatment Impact Develop an improved CAR-T cell therapy for patients with refractory multiple myeloma and a new manufacturing strategy that circumvents the costs and inefficiencies of viral production. (ca.gov)
Translational Candidate Lenti/iNKT-sr39TK Modified Autologous Human CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) Area of Impact The targeted area of impact for the candidate is cancer therapy, in particular cancers that are lacking existing effective treatments. (ca.gov)
Research Objective These studies will produce a new CAR-targeted iPSC-derived macrophage-based cell therapy product for treatment of refractory malignancies such as ovarian cancer. (ca.gov)
Research Objective Universal Pluripotent Liver Failure Therapy (UPLiFT) is composed of 2 lines- UPLiFT0 ( from LiPSC-GR1.1) and UPLiFT1 which will be derived from gene edited universal human pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
Stem-cell therapy: is a therapy that uses stem cells to treat or sometimes prevent a disease or condition. (labroots.com)
The most widely used stem-cell therapy is a bone marrow transplant, but some therapies derived from umbilical cord blood are also in use. (labroots.com)
Gene therapy holds potential for treating neurological diseases by delivering genetic information into specific cell types. (labroots.com)
A team led by Anastasios Karadimitris, Ph.D., MRCP, FRCPath , of Imperial College, London , plans to address both issues by using cells that combine the characteristics of naturally occurring NK cells and T cells as the basis for their CAR cell therapy. (amfar.org)

As of August 2016, Immgen has profiled more than 250 naive cell populations in the mouse using microarrays, and several dozens of activated cell types using RNA-sequencing. (wikipedia.org)

Launch The invariant NKT (iNKT) cells play essential jobs in both innate and adaptive immune system replies (1-4). (bioskinrevive.com)

Nonetheless, how signals from the tissue environment shape the iNKT cell population to best fit their function in their tissues of residency remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)

Lim SA, Su W, Chapman NM, Chi H . Lipid metabolism in T cell signaling and function. (stjude.org)

IL-17-making iNKT (iNKT-17) cells are uncommon and mostly restricted to the minimal Compact disc4-NK1.1-neuropilin-1+ subset (15-18). (bioskinrevive.com)
Thus 6B11 identifies a subset of all Vα24 positive T cells. (bdbiosciences.com)

This effort is being carried out by a group of collaborating immunology research laboratories across the U.S. Each of the laboratories brings a unique expertise in a particular cell lineage, and all are employing standardized procedures for cell sorting. (wikipedia.org)
Chi H . Immunometabolism at the intersection of metabolic signaling, cell fate, and systems immunology. (stjude.org)

Translational Candidate s15.BsAb.BCMA-CAR NK cells derived from CD34(+) umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells Area of Impact patients with multiple myeloma Mechanism of Action s15.BsAb.BCMA-CAR NK cells are umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells that are engineered to include two components of the BCMA-CAR and the anti-NKG2D-anti-GPRC5D BsAb. (ca.gov)
Transcriptome analysis identifies regulators of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (wikipedia.org)
Akin to the normal hematopoietic system, leukemias are sustained by a small number of leukemia stem-like cells (LSC), which can be distinct from the normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) but also exhibit functional characteristics of self-renewal and (abnormal or hindered) differentiation, and are often quiescent ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

iv) the mechanisms controlling transcriptional plasticity, stem-cell identity and differentiation, in particular in breast cancer and the role of noncoding RNAs [Bonetti et al. (iit.it)
Scientific interests are centered on the exploitation of genomic approaches to the study of mechanisms in control of gene expression dynamics provided by non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs) and their impact on cell behaviour and human disease, with emphasis on Cancer. (iit.it)

Shanghai, China-based CARsgen Therapeutics presented study results for CT041, an autologous CAR T-cell candidate against the Claudin18.2 protein. (biospace.com)

Regularly, anergy of T cells or other immune cells can be regularly reverted to anti-leukemic functionality. (nature.com)

2013). Invariant natural killer T cells are phenotypically and functionally altered in Fabry disease . (up.pt)
These bFAbs are adept at binding to infected cells and flagging them for destruction by other components of the immune system such as natural killer (NK) cells. (amfar.org)
Vyth-Dreese FA, Sein J, van de Kasteele W, Dellemijn TA, van den Bogaard C, Nooijen WJ, de Gast GC, Haanen JB, Bex A: Lack of anti-tumour reactivity despite enhanced numbers of circulating natural killer T cells in two patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (exbio.cz)

Cell therapies produced from the UDC line will not be rejected by a patient's immune system. (ca.gov)
Several groups of collaborating computational biologists (Regev & Koller) used the data to reverse-engineer the genetic regulatory network in immune cells, and compare it to the human immune system An initial survey of differential splicing across immune lineages was carried out using both microarrays and RNA-sequencing. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy27

Organisms11

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations1

Health Care1

Geographicals1

CD1d15

Dendritic cells6

Cytokines8

Immunotherapy4

Tumor cells2

Antitumor5

Allogeneic5

Maturation7

Antigens3

Ligands1

Invariant NK T cells4

Immunity10

Receptors4

Macrophages6

Mast cells2

Lymphoid4

Important mediators1

Mice12

Autoimmune1

Lymphocytes5

Treg3

Analogues2

Peripheral5

Activation13

Agonists1

Immunol1

Antigen specific1

KRN70001

Therapeutic6

Molecules3

Conventional T cells2

Microenvironment2

Proliferation2

Subsets2

APCs1

Receptor4

MTOR1

Thymic1

Therapy11

20161

Adaptive immune1

Unclear1

Lipid1

Subset2

Immunology2

Hematopoietic3

Cancer2

Therapeutics1

Anergy of T cells1

Natural3

Immune system2