LactateMetabolismSubarachnoidNeurochemistryCatheterNeurointensive careTranscranial dopplerOutcomeMembranesClinicalCytokinesGlutamate concentrationsPerfusionMetabolitesVasospasmMethodologicalConcentrationsPathophysiology of traumatic brainPathologyGlucoseTendon InjuriesVivoSpinal cordBrain injuriesNeuronalElicited in severeRatsContinuousHead injuriesParametersPatientsPrognosisIschemicBiomarkersExtracellularSevere headAcute brain injuryAssessCoagulationMechanismsLesionsIntracranial hypertensionNeurologicalStrokeSecondary brainMild traumaBlunt
Lactate4
- At two weeks post-injury pyruvate and lactate concentrations were assessed in both the injured and uninjured limbs using microdialysis followed by enzymatic quantification. (nih.gov)
- Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), raised cerebral lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR) reflects impaired energy metabolism. (cam.ac.uk)
- Lactate and excitatory amino acids measured by microdialysis are decreased by pentobarbital coma in head-injured patients. (anesthesiageneral.com)
- Microdialysis results showed that patients with upper gastrointestinal tract lesions had significantly higher levels of postoperative intraperitoneal glucose and glycerol concentrations, as well as lower lactate/pyruvate ratios and lactate/glucose ratios. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolism5
- We investigated cerebral metabolism with a combination of brain respirometry, microdialysis, and western blotting using a rodent model of sub-lethal cyanide poisoning. (lu.se)
- Focally administered succinate improves cerebral metabolism in traumatic brain injury patients with mitochondrial dysfunction. (cam.ac.uk)
- This chapter reviews the principles of cerebral microdialysis and identifies its role in detecting derangements of cerebral metabolism after brain injury. (cambridge.org)
- The pathophysiology of acute brain injury is complex, but two factors are of crucial importance: reduction of substrate delivery below critical thresholds, and the inability of brain cells to utilize delivered oxygen and glucose because of failing cellular metabolism. (cambridge.org)
- Microdialysis is a point of care test that monitors substrate delivery and metabolism at the cellular level. (qscience.com)
Subarachnoid6
- A specially designed bolt was used to conduct two adjacent microdialysis catheters into the frontal cortex of patients with head injury or poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage who were receiving ventilation. (thejns.org)
- The role of microdialysis was evaluated in three conditions (traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage) and recommendations focused on three fundamental areas (relationship to outcome, application of microdialysis to guide therapy, and the ability of microdialysis to predict secondary deterioration). (wustl.edu)
- The imaging programme in acute brain injury is based on clinical studies in brain trauma and subarachnoid haemorrhage, which have addressed the central role of abnormal cerebrovascular physiology in the injured brain. (cam.ac.uk)
- My research focuses on investigating the molecular pathophysiology of cerebrovascular dysfunction, ischemic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. (wustl.edu)
- Compelling experimental evidence indicates that both soluble A-beta and insoluble vascular deposits of A-beta (i.e. cerebral amyloid angiopathy) promote cerebral vessel dysfunction, which could heighten sensitivity to acute neurologic insults such as ischemic brain injury and/or subarachnoid hemorrhage. (wustl.edu)
- We hypothesize that A-beta and ApoE, through discreet and/or synergistic vascular mechanisms, contribute to neural injury following ischemic brain injury and/or subarachnoid hemorrhage. (wustl.edu)
Neurochemistry4
- Monitoring Neurochemistry in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Using Microdialysis Integrated with Biosensors: A Review. (cam.ac.uk)
- Liu, D & Mcadoo, DJ 1993, ' An Experimental Model Combining Microdialysis with Electrophysiology, Histology, and Neurochemistry for Exploring Mechanisms of Secondary Damage in Spinal Cord Injury: Effects of Potassium ', Journal of neurotrauma , vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 349-362. (utmb.edu)
- Mcadoo, David J. / An Experimental Model Combining Microdialysis with Electrophysiology, Histology, and Neurochemistry for Exploring Mechanisms of Secondary Damage in Spinal Cord Injury : Effects of Potassium . (utmb.edu)
- Along with advances in imaging techniques, the research program in the Division has also supported and benefited from the maturation of a multimodality bedside monitoring programme, with implementation of microdialysis, neurochemistry and mathematical modeling initiatives. (cam.ac.uk)
Catheter1
- A microdialysis catheter was placed intraperitoneally in each patient. (biomedcentral.com)
Neurointensive care3
- By targeting LPR using a tiered clinical algorithm incorporating intracranial pressure, brain tissue oxygenation and microdialysis parameters, we identified MD in TBI patients requiring neurointensive care. (cam.ac.uk)
- Applying this technique to patients in neurointensive care has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury and spontaneous hemorrhage. (wustl.edu)
- The objective of this paper is to review the fundamental literature pertinent to the clinical application of microdialysis in neurointensive care and to give recommendations on how the technique can be applied to assist in patient management and contribute to outcome. (wustl.edu)
Transcranial doppler1
- Neurointensivists use and interpret data from advanced specialty-specific neuromonitoring tools, including continuous electroencephalogram (EEG), transcranial doppler, intracranial pressure and tissue oxygenation monitors, and microdialysis catheters. (emra.org)
Outcome7
- A strong association exists between hyperglycemia and outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). (frontiersin.org)
- Secondary brain injury persists for weeks and may contribute to a further loss of potentially viable cerebral tissue, ultimately worsening neurological outcome ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injuries in 1508 Patients: Impact of prehospital Care. (thieme-connect.de)
- Improved Confidence of Outcome Prediction in Severe Head Injury. (thieme-connect.de)
- The inflammation, thrombin activation, and erythrocyte lysis caused by primary injury could promote the formation of brain edema, which is associated with poor outcome, and could cause more severe and durable injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
- The acute brain injury research program of the University of Cambridge Division of Anaesthesia has aimed to understand regional cerebral pathophysiology to advance the care of critically ill patients after brain injury, from initial ictus, through recovery from coma and rehabilitation, to final outcome. (cam.ac.uk)
- Refractory ICP is a good predictor of mortality but not of the functional outcome after traumatic brain injury. (qscience.com)
Membranes1
- Previous studies using microdialysis (MD) membranes with 100 k Dalton (kDa) cut-off found a transient intracerebral release of cytokines and chemokines without significant correlations to clinical course, intracranial pressure (ICP) or metabolites. (lu.se)
Clinical5
- Correlation of experimental and clinical observations of blunt head injuries. (thieme-connect.de)
- Clinical microdialysis enables monitoring of the cerebral extracellular chemistry of neurosurgical patients. (thejns.org)
- Microdialysis is used for a variety of clinical indications, including tissue monitoring in myocutaneous flap surgery, transplant surgery and bowel anastamoses. (cambridge.org)
- This clinical research is underpinned by a program of experimental research in acute brain injury based at the Cambridge Brain Repair Centre (BRC), which is described below. (cam.ac.uk)
- Clinical examination remains a cornerstone in monitoring patients with brain injury. (qscience.com)
Cytokines1
- 20 , 23 ] Secondary injuries mainly involved the hypoxic-ischemic event, inflammatory cytokines, and free radicals. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Glutamate concentrations1
Perfusion2
- Primary brain injury then initiates a complex cascade of secondary molecular and vascular mechanisms culminating in inflammation, edema, impaired cerebral autoregulation, blood-brain barrier disruption, intracranial hypertension, reduced cerebral perfusion, and ultimately neuronal cell death. (frontiersin.org)
- Two adjacent microdialysis catheters that were identical in membrane length, perfusion fluid, and flow rate showed equivalent results. (thejns.org)
Metabolites1
- We recovered 13C-labelled metabolites by microdialysis and utilised nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) for identification and quantification.Of 33 patients with complete monitoring, 73% had MD at some point during monitoring. (cam.ac.uk)
Vasospasm2
- Secondary brain injury is a complicated process that can include edema, hematomas, hypertension, vasospasm among others. (attorneys.us)
- Vasospasm is defined by delayed narrowing of large cerebral arteries that often leads to ischemic brain injury. (wustl.edu)
Methodological1
Concentrations4
- Potassium was chosen as a candidate damaging agent, because (1) in high extracellular concentrations it destroys neurons and (2) its extracellular concentration rises substantially following impact injury to the spinal cord. (utmb.edu)
- Fifteen hours after the final pretreatment, basal extracellular concentrations and "in vivo extraction fraction" values for DA and 5-HT were determined by no-net-flux in vivo microdialysis. (aspetjournals.org)
- To investigate the effects of renal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on both renal hemodynamics and the renal interstitial concentrations of adenosine and adenine nucleotides induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. (eurekamag.com)
- The renal interstitial concentrations of adenosine and adenine nucleotides in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury, either following 1-3 cycles of IPC or not, were measured simultaneously using microdialysis sampling technology. (eurekamag.com)
Pathophysiology of traumatic brain1
- The pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury can be divided into primary and secondary injuries. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Pathology2
- There is a growing realisation that neuro-inflammation plays a fundamental role in the pathology of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). (ox.ac.uk)
- Sung-Cheng Huang mainly investigates Positron emission tomography, Neuroscience, Pathology, Traumatic brain injury and Nuclear medicine. (research.com)
Glucose2
- Hyperglycemia occurs frequently in the pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) population and the occurrence of elevated blood glucose values has been linked to increased mortality and worse neurological outcomes ( 3 - 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Changes in Local Cerebral Blood Flow, Glucose Utilizataion, and Mitochondrial Function Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. (thieme-connect.de)
Tendon Injuries1
- Tendinopathy is a frequently used generic term that describes non-ruptured tendon injuries. (ectsoc.org)
Vivo1
- A technique using parallel administering and collecting microdialysis fibers was developed to estimate the in vivo concentration of K + outside the administering fiber. (utmb.edu)
Spinal cord5
- An experimental model for characterizing effects of agents suspected to cause damage secondary to spinal cord injury is presented. (utmb.edu)
- Impairment of conduction, destruction of cell bodies, and release of excitotoxins were all consistent with elevated K + serving as a secondary damaging agent in spinal cord injury. (utmb.edu)
- BACKGROUND: Cervical traumatic spinal cord injury is a devastating condition. (ox.ac.uk)
- DISCUS will test the hypothesis that, after acute, severe traumatic cervical spinal cord injury, the addition of dural decompression to bony decompression improves muscle strength in the limbs at 6 months, compared with bony decompression alone. (ox.ac.uk)
- We aim to recruit 222 adults with acute, severe, traumatic cervical spinal cord injury with an American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grade A, B, or C who will be randomized 1:1 to undergo bony decompression alone or bony decompression with duroplasty. (ox.ac.uk)
Brain injuries6
- Males sustain traumatic brain injuries around twice as often as females. (wikipedia.org)
- All traumatic brain injuries are head injuries, but the latter term may also refer to injury to other parts of the head. (wikipedia.org)
- Similarly, brain injuries fall under the classification of central nervous system injuries and neurotrauma. (wikipedia.org)
- In neuropsychology research literature, in general the term "traumatic brain injury" is used to refer to non-penetrating traumatic brain injuries. (wikipedia.org)
- Brain injuries can be classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories. (wikipedia.org)
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 50,000 individuals die from traumatic brain injuries each year in the United States. (medscape.com)
Neuronal4
- Another microchip electrophoresis-fluorescence method was developed to examine excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters involved in neuronal damage following traumatic brain injury. (ku.edu)
- Serum biomarkers of neuronal injury will be measured at 0-, 24-, 48-, 72- and 96-h post-vigabatrin. (biomedcentral.com)
- The authors performed histologic studies of neuronal survival in the rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury and treatment with blood glutamate scavengers. (asahq.org)
- The authors demonstrate that the blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate provide neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury, expressed both by reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus and improved neurologic outcomes. (asahq.org)
Elicited in severe1
Rats1
Continuous4
- In a traumatically injured brain, the cerebral microdialysis technique allows continuous sampling of fluid from the brain's extracellular space. (cam.ac.uk)
- To address this, recent advances have focussed on developing biosensing techniques for integration with microdialysis to achieve continuous online monitoring. (cam.ac.uk)
- The microchip electrophoresis chip was coupled to microdialysis sampling with on-line derivatization for continuous monitoring of these analytes with a total lag time of twelve minutes and 90 second temporal resolution. (ku.edu)
- Intraperitoneal microdialysis (IPM) makes it is possible to obtain continuous monitoring of the intraabdominal condition by measuring several parameters as markers for inflammation or ischaemia. (biomedcentral.com)
Head injuries1
- 19 Mendelow A D, Teasdeal G M. Pathophysiology of Head Injuries. (thieme-connect.de)
Parameters1
- This technique has the added advantage of making no assumptions about the Relative Recovery (RR) of microdialysis derived parameters. (ox.ac.uk)
Patients6
- Patients with head injury who talk and die. (thieme-connect.de)
- Most patients could survive the initial injury of smaller hemorrhage, but the secondary injury may result in severe neurological deficits and even death [ 4 ]. (karger.com)
- In parallel, it is important to determine the place of microdialysis in assisting in the management of patients on an individual intention to treat basis. (wustl.edu)
- Can ultrasound predict nerve injury following posterior tibial nerve block in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy? (asra.com)
- The most common application has been to lower elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). (anesthesiageneral.com)
- High-dose barbiturate control of elevated intracranial pressure in patients with severe head injury. (anesthesiageneral.com)
Prognosis3
- Early Indicators of Prognosis in 846 Cases of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. (thieme-connect.de)
- However, despite these shortcomings, GCS remains a robust indicator of the need for surgery and prognosis after cardiac arrest, hypoxic brain injury, and posterior circulation stroke. (qscience.com)
- Detection, prevention, and monitoring of secondary cerebral insults that alter the prognosis from the injury, remains at the centre stage in neurocritical care. (qscience.com)
Ischemic2
- Renal hemodynamics responses to ischemia-reperfusion injury in mongrel dog models were determined with or without multiple brief renal ischemic preconditioning treatments, as well as the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (KW-3902), respectively. (eurekamag.com)
- Because of the increased ability of the immature myocardium to rely on anaerobic glycolysis, it can withstand ischemic injury better than adult myocardium can. (medscape.com)
Biomarkers2
- This thesis details analytical methods that use fluorescence derivatization in order to detect small molecule biomarkers of oxidative stress as they relate to epilepsy, inflammation, and traumatic brain injury. (ku.edu)
- This has led to the search for biomarkers that reflect these underlying inflammatory processes using techniques such as cerebral microdialysis. (ox.ac.uk)
Extracellular2
- In the context of trauma, primary brain injury occurs due to cellular and extracellular matrix disruption from direct mechanical forces at the time of the traumatic incident. (frontiersin.org)
- Microdialysis is a powerful technique, which enables the chemistry of the extracellular space to be measured directly. (wustl.edu)
Severe head1
- Prospective System Analysis of the Pre- and Early Hospital Care in Severe Head Injury in Bavaria at a Population-Bases Level. (thieme-connect.de)
Acute brain injury1
Assess2
- Cerebral microdialysis is now widely used as a bedside monitor of brain tissue biochemistry to identify cerebral hypoxia/ischaemia and assess cellular bioenergetics after brain injury. (cambridge.org)
- The present study aimed to assess microdialysis in this setting. (biomedcentral.com)
Coagulation1
- The inflammation and coagulation response after ICH would accelerate the formation of brain edema around hematoma, resulting in a more severe and durable injury. (karger.com)
Mechanisms1
- Our interest in mechanisms of neural injury and repair prompted us to investigate the role of trophic factor interactions in a well characterized model of collateral sprouting in the adult rat hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
Lesions1
- It also has been proposed to use changes that are visible on neuroimaging, such as swelling, focal lesions, or diffuse injury as method of classification. (wikipedia.org)
Intracranial hypertension1
- Currently, treatments for ICH are focusing on the primary injury including reducing intracranial hypertension, blood pressure control, and rehabilitation. (karger.com)
Neurological1
- The secondary injuries are related to increased cell death and poor neurological outcomes. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Stroke1
- the other subset is non-traumatic brain injury, which does not involve external mechanical force (examples include stroke and infection). (wikipedia.org)
Secondary brain2
- While primary brain injury is unpredictable and irreversible, the sequelae of secondary brain injury may be modified by prevention or minimization of recognized exacerbating systemic insults, such as hypotension, hypoxia, and hyperglycemia ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Outcomes depend on resuscitation efforts and on the severity of global brain injury, which is comprised of primary insult (accrued during circulation standstill) and ongoing injury due to gaps between the energetic supply and demand from the brain (secondary brain injury). (biomedcentral.com)
Mild trauma1
- TBI can be classified based on severity ranging from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI/concussion) to severe traumatic brain injury. (wikipedia.org)
Blunt1
- A closed (also called nonpenetrating, or blunt) injury occurs when the brain is not exposed. (wikipedia.org)