• Studies have shown that puerarin reduced cerebral edema in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, removed lipid peroxidation products, enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved antioxidant activity of the brain tissue, and reduced the degree of focal cerebral ischemic injury [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the present work, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in NRK-52E cells and ischemia-reperfusion model in rats were used. (mdpi.com)
  • The results showed that the TFs significantly attenuated cell injury and markedly decreased serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in rats. (mdpi.com)
  • These results suggested that HSP90β is involved in the process of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in rats and that inhibition of HSP90β expression increases EAAT2 levels, conferring a neuroprotective effect in MCAO model rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Study on the pharmacodynamic effect of Rhizoma Dioscoreae polysaccharides on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and the possible mechanism. (iasp-pain.org)
  • To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and its regulatory effect on reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) signaling pathway. (ajol.info)
  • Oral dosing of rats with SCN-, before acute ischemia-reperfusion injury (30 min occlusion, 24 h or 4 week recovery), significantly reduced the infarct size as a percentage of the total reperfused area (54% versus 74%), and increased the salvageable area (46% versus 26%) as determined by MRI imaging. (ku.dk)
  • It has also been shown to be protective against IR injury in rats. (unifesp.br)
  • PURPOSE: To investigate blood creatinine and renal histology in rats anesthetized with S(+)-ketamine (keta) or dexmedetomidine (dex) and submitted to kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). (unesp.br)
  • In two models of partial renal IR with and without ischemia preconditioning (IPC) and using Mas receptor (MasR) blockade, A779 or its vehicle, the renal vascular responses to angiotensin II (Ang II) administration in two-kidney-one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats were determined. (hindawi.com)
  • The rats in the IR group underwent 45 min partial kidney ischemia, and the animals in the IPC + IR group underwent two 5 min cycles of partial kidney ischemia followed by 10 min reperfusion and partial kidney ischemia for 45 min. (hindawi.com)
  • We evaluated the role of an endothelin antagonist in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. (duke.edu)
  • Inhibition of HSP90β expression improved neurological deficits and alleviated brain injury by increasing EAAT2 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Meng X, Zhang L, Han B and Zhang Z: PHLDA3 inhibition protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response via the Akt/Nrf2 axis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effect of mitochondrial complex 1 inhibition by rotenone on the chronic renal damage induced by acute ischemia-reperfusion. (oncotarget.com)
  • One of the primary causes of ARF is ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Inflammatory process and oxidative stress are thought to be the major mechanisms causing I/R. MK-886 is a potent inhibitor of leukotrienes biosynthesis which may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) infiltration into renal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, we examined the effect of inhibition of complement-factor C5 on renal I/R injury. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • abstract = "Inhibition of complement factor C5 protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: inhibition of late apoptosis and inflammation.De Vries B, Matthijsen RA, Wolfs TG, Van Bijnen AA, Heeringa P, Buurman WA.Department of General Surgery, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.BACKGROUND: Complement has been implicated in the pathophysiology of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) tissue injury is the resultant pathology from a combination of factors, including tissue hypoxia, followed by tissue damage associated with re-oxygenation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Given the central role that mitochondria play during hypoxia, we hypothesized that Txnip deletion would enhance ischemia-reperfusion damage. (jci.org)
  • When ischemic stroke occurs, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia cause the release of excessive excitatory amino acids, mainly glutamic acid and aspartic acid, which exert excitotoxic effects on the central nervous system. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The primary ischemia/hypoxia injury and secondary reperfusion injury are mainly caused by oxidative stress, which caused by hypoxia, such as free radical generation, energy metabolism disorder, intracellular calcium overload, excitatory amino acid release and inflammatory reaction. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were also used to evaluate the protective effect of GRh2 on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‑induced myocardial injury in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In vitro, HL-1 cells (mouse cardiomyocytes) received chamber hypoxia-oxygenation reperfusion (H/R) for 24H4R with/without DLC1β plasmid, before collection for protein/mRNA analyses. (uwo.ca)
  • Ischemia is characterized by deprivation of oxygen (hypoxia), metabolicsubstrates, and cytokines/survival factors, as well as accumulation of toxic metabolites. (grantome.com)
  • Despite the complexpathophysiology of ischemia, hypoxia alone is a sufficient stimulus to induce a variety of adaptive responsesthat protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (grantome.com)
  • However, whether GRh2 has a protective effect on ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the myocardium has yet to be elucidated. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a syndrome affecting the myocardium upon blood flow restoration following a sufficiently long interruption, such as encountered in a coronary thrombosis or heart surgery [1,2]. (justia.com)
  • The aim of the study was to assess the influence of opioids on simulated I/R injury outcomes in the hu-man myocardium . (bvsalud.org)
  • Ischemia and reperfusion can cause serious brain damage in stroke or cardiac arrest. (benbest.com)
  • In this article I attempt to evaluate the nature & extent of ischemic & reperfusion injury -- primarily focused on the impact for cryonics (although certainly relevant to stroke and cardiac arrest). (benbest.com)
  • Immunoprecipitation with Sesn2 Ab revealed that cardiac Sesn2 forms a complex with AMPK and upstream liver kinase B1 (LKB1) during ischemia. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, Sesn2-knockout hearts demonstrate a cardiac phenotype and response to ischemic stress that is similar to wild-type aged hearts ( i.e., impaired ischemic AMPK activation and higher sensitivity to ischemia- and reperfusion- induced injury). (nih.gov)
  • Here, we review the information linking the adaptor protein p66Shc with cardiac injury induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R), including the contribution of risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome and ageing. (nih.gov)
  • Surprisingly, Txnip-KO hearts had greater recovery of cardiac function after an ischemia-reperfusion insult. (jci.org)
  • To elucidate the cardioprotective mechanisms of mild hypothermia, we analyzed cardiac performance in a porcine model of ischemia/reperfusion, with serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging throughout one week using non-invasive pressure-volume loops. (lu.se)
  • CONCLUSION: Using non-invasive pressure-volume loops by CMR, we observed that mild hypothermia at reperfusion alleviates the heart's work after ischemia/reperfusion injuries during the first week and preserves short-term cardiac performance. (lu.se)
  • Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs intra-operatively during heart transplantation (HTx), underpinning graft survival. (uwo.ca)
  • Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs when transplanting a heart from donor to recipient. (uwo.ca)
  • The "ischemia" phase of cardiac IRI occurs when the donor heart is being collected and blood/oxygen is not going to the heart. (uwo.ca)
  • This is known as the "reperfusion" phase in cardiac IRI. (uwo.ca)
  • Coronary artery stenosis, resulting in impaired cardiac perfusion, ischemia, and the risk of myocardial infarction,is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the U. S. population. (grantome.com)
  • In this proposal, we will investigate the role of HIF-1 and of proteinsencoded by HIF-1 target genes, such as EPO, in promoting protection against cardiac ischemia-reperfusioninjury. (grantome.com)
  • Aim 2 will investigate the role of HIF-1 in mediating adaptive responses to cardiac ischemiaand reperfusion. (grantome.com)
  • Exercise protects cardiac mitochondria against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (musc.edu)
  • To determine whether ischemic AMPK activation-modulated by the Sesn2-AMPK complex in the heart-is impaired in aging that sensitizes the heart to ischemic insults, young C57BL/6 mice (age 3-4 mo), middle-aged mice (age 10-12 mo), and aged mice (age 24-26 mo) were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for in vivo regional ischemia. (nih.gov)
  • The mice were treated with 45 min unilateral renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) to induce an acute renal injury. (oncotarget.com)
  • After three days of I/R injury, rotenone at a dose of 200 ppm in food was administered to the mice. (oncotarget.com)
  • METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS: Mice subject to unilateral, transient (30 minutes) renal ischemia and subsequent reperfusion received intravenous VCAM-MPIO (4.5 mg iron/kg body weight). (ox.ac.uk)
  • A total of 24 Adult males of Swiss albino mice were randomized to four groups: I/R group (n = 6), mice underwent 30 minute bilateral renal ischemia and 48 hr reperfusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sham group (n = 6), mice underwent same anesthetic and surgical procedures except for ischemia induction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After the end of reperfusion phase mice were sacrificed, blood samples were collected directly from the heart for determination of serum TNF-a, IL-6, urea and Creatinine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: Mice were subjected to 45 min of unilateral ischemia and subsequent contralateral nephrectomy and reperfusion for 2, 12, or 24 hr. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • citation needed] While some investigations suggest a possible beneficial effect of mesenchymal stem cells on heart and kidney reperfusion injury, to date, none have explored the role of stem cells in muscle tissue exposed to ischemia-reperfusion injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • IPC is described as short, transient, and nonlethal ischemia periods and subsequent reperfusion which is performed before IR injury and can protect the kidney against long-term ischemia [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Background: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is described as brief ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) cycles to induce tolerance to subsequent in response to longer I/R insults. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • Persons with SCD produce abnormal hemoglobin that causes erythrocytes to become rigid and deform under low oxygen conditions, leading to ischemia-reperfusion injury in the microvasculature with subsequent organ damage and pain. (cdc.gov)
  • yet at the same time it can induce ischemia-reperfusion injury, which leads to brain damage both in the ischemic core and penumbra area. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Recent work has indicated that respiratory Complex I may be the sole source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury. (mun.ca)
  • Bosentan, a novel endothelin receptor antagonist, was infused directly into the portal vein prior to cold ischemia and immediately on reperfusion, in five porcine livers. (duke.edu)
  • In conclusion, we have identified a relevant amount of early genes regulated in the human liver after 7-9 hours of cold ischemia and 2 hours from reperfusion, many of them not having been described before in this process. (unina.it)
  • Here, we assessed the metabolic alterations following subclinical focal ischemia-reperfusion injury with hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate MRI in a porcine model. (au.dk)
  • Strikingly, after three weeks treatment with rotenone, we found that the unilateral I/R-induced tubular damage, tubulointerstitial fibrosis were all attenuated by rotenone as determined by the tubular injury score, Masson staining, and the levels of collagen-I, collagen-III, fibronectin, PAI-1, and TGF-β. (oncotarget.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Mild hypothermia, 32-35°C, reduces infarct size in experimental studies, potentially mediating reperfusion injuries, but human trials have been ambiguous. (lu.se)
  • Partial deletion of Complex I sensitized hearts towards reperfusion injury, increasing infarct size, which correlated with higher ROS production. (mun.ca)
  • Thus, although Txnip deletion suppresses mitochondrial function, protection from myocardial ischemia is enhanced as a result of a coordinated shift to enhanced anaerobic metabolism, which provides an energy source outside of mitochondria. (jci.org)
  • Stealth Peptides has reported positive results from a Phase I clinical study to evaluate Bendavia, a novel compound that targets the mitochondria to treat ischaemia reperfusion injury. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
  • Ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning are the novel strategies of attaining cardioprotection against ischemia / reperfusion (I/R) injury . (bvsalud.org)
  • Stem cells have been implicated in the regeneration of skeletal muscle after traumatic and blast injuries, and have been shown to hone to muscle damaged after exercise. (wikipedia.org)
  • The original phenolic hydroxyl in the puerarin molecules was substituted in order to change the blood-brain barrier permeability and thus enhance the efficacy for preventing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • The mouse model of cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury was established to test the anticerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury activity of the puerarin derivatives. (hindawi.com)
  • The results showed that puerarin derivative P1-EA and P2-EA were resulting in an increased lipophilicity that enabled the derivatives to pass more efficiently through the blood-brain barrier, thus, improving the protective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • The present study aimed to investigate the effects of changes in heat shock protein (HSP)90β expression and verify whether HSP90β regulates EAAT2 expression in a cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury model. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A model of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion was established using the MCAO method. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These excitotoxic effects play important roles in neuronal and blood-brain barrier damage after cerebral ischemia ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ischemia is the condition suffered by tissues & organs when deprived of blood flow -- mostly the effects of inadequate nutrient & oxygen. (benbest.com)
  • The microvascular and parenchymal organ damage induced upon ischemia tissue reperfusion is mainly attributed to the reactive oxygen-free radicals, and it has been demonstrated in many organs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sun W, Wang Z, Sun M, Huang W and Wang Y and Wang Y: Aloin antagonizes stimulated ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Abouzaki NA, Christopher S, Trankle C, Van Tassell BW, Carbone S, Mauro AG, Buckley L, Toldo S and Abbate A: Inhibiting the inflammatory injury after myocardial ischemia reperfusion with plasma-derived Alpha-1 Antitrypsin: A post hoc analysis of the VCU-α1RT study. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Reperfusion injury refers to the tissue damage inflicted when blood flow is restored after an ischemic period of more than about ten minutes. (benbest.com)
  • The production of antioxidant enzymes that scavenge free radicals in ischemic tissue is then impaired, thereby exacerbating the damage caused by these free radicals in the post ischemic reperfusion tissue. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, if we can understand how this damage happens, we may be able to develop strategies to avoid this injury in future. (uwo.ca)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a common early feature that contributes to graft damage by impairing resident cell function. (unifesp.br)
  • These results indicate that administration of bosentan before and after ischemia/reperfusion reduces hepatic circulatory disturbances, diminishes endothelial cell damage, and augments hepatic graft function. (duke.edu)
  • Reperfusion, then, is the damage caused to the tissues when the blood supply is restored to the tissue, and, suddenly, there is a re-oxygenation of the tissues as, for example, in cases of heart attack or heart surgery. (q10facts.com)
  • IR promotes a cascade of molecular events that lead to renal vascular and tubular damage and, ultimately, acute kidney injury (AKI) [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Ischemia preconditioning (IPC) against IR also was recognized as a process to minimize the kidney damage caused by IR [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The primary rationale for these developments is that recognition of AKI allows prompt injury-specific intervention that may avert permanent renal damage. (medscape.com)
  • To investigate the course of tubular cell senescence and expressions of p53, p21, and Rb during the late phase of ischemia/reperfusion (IRI) in the kidney, and assess the effects of the p53-Rb pathway on tubular cell senescence. (techscience.com)
  • Recognizing this, surgeons frequently prophylactically release (i.e., incise) fascia of arm and leg fascial compartments after repair of a proximal vascular injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Deletion of p66Shc has been shown to reduce I/R injury as well as vascular abnormalities associated with diabetes and ageing. (nih.gov)
  • Acute kidney injury is associated with alterations in vascular tone that contribute to an overall reduction in GFR. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Finally, we discuss how acute kidney injury induces permanent alterations in renal vascular structure. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Hepatic vascular resistance and liver tissue blood flow, as measured by thermistor flow probes, were determined following reperfusion. (duke.edu)
  • RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is upregulated in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), persisting after restoration of blood flow. (ox.ac.uk)
  • later, vascular injury was noted during the Each sample was divided into 2 × 5 mL por- annual medical examination. (who.int)
  • the blood in the second vascular injury. (who.int)
  • An intravital model for imaging the adult and aged IR-injured beating heart in real time in vivo was used to demonstrate heightened basal and injury-induced neutrophil recruitment, and poorer blood flow, in the aged coronary microcirculation when compared with adult hearts. (jci.org)
  • Our previous results showed that IR injury impaired renal function, by causing extensive tubular necrosis and increasing MHC class II and ICAM-1 molecule expression by mesangial cells (MC). (unifesp.br)
  • Studies in animal models indicate that ischemia triggers alterations in endothelial function that contribute significantly to the overall degree and severity of a kidney injury. (eurekaselect.com)
  • A total of 795 genes whose expression is significantly modified by ischemia-reperfusion in human liver transplantation were identified in this study. (unina.it)
  • Once reperfusion occurs, these cellular products are returned to the systemic circulation, and are exposed to other organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within two minutes of ischemia, extracellular pH can drop from about 7.3 to about 6.7. (benbest.com)
  • Clinical studies have shown that pre-treatment and post-operative treatment with Coenzyme Q10 attenuates the extent of ischemia reperfusion injury. (q10facts.com)
  • Delta - opioid receptor stimulation attenuates systolic function of human heart muscle which remains in contrast to previous reports with animal models of I/R injury . (bvsalud.org)
  • This study tested the hypotheses that compared to drinking water, consumption of a caffeinated soft drink sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) attenuates the cutaneous vasodilatory response to local skin heating without (Protocol 1) and following ischemia-reperfusion injury (Protocol 2). (cdc.gov)
  • AMPK has emerged as a pertinent stress-activated kinase that has been shown to have cardioprotective capabilities against myocardial ischemic injury. (nih.gov)
  • Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can cause severe vision impairment. (mdpi.com)
  • Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) have become a global public health problem and ischemia‑reperfusion injury, the major cause of neurological impairment exacerbation, is closely related to excitotoxicity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Bosentan, an endothelin antagonist, augments hepatic graft function by reducing graft circulatory impairment following ischemia/reperfusion injury. (duke.edu)
  • citation needed] "Reperfusion": the restoration of blood flow to an organ or tissue after having been blocked. (wikipedia.org)
  • METHODS AND RESULTS: Normothermia and Hypothermia groups sessions (n=7+7 pigs, nonrandom allocation) were imaged with CMR at baseline and subjected to 40 minutes of normothermic ischemia by catheter intervention. (lu.se)
  • METHODS: Five pigs were subjected to 60 min of focal kidney ischemia. (au.dk)
  • Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common complication of surgery, and a major cause of organ dysfunction, especially in the liver. (geronova.com)
  • citation needed] Serum creatinine and BUN may be elevated in the setting of acute kidney injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Systemic effects of IR injury During periods of ischemia, cellular break down products accumulate in the local tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Following myocardial infarction (MI), elderly patients have a poorer prognosis than younger patients, which may be linked to increased coronary microvessel susceptibility to injury. (jci.org)
  • Puerarin has shown protective effect on injury of neural cell. (hindawi.com)
  • These results suggest a protective role of FTY720 in an IR injury model. (unifesp.br)
  • More studies are required to identify the mechanisms involved in the protective activity of FTY720 in the IR injury model. (unifesp.br)
  • The present invention is based on the surprising finding that the peptides of the invention have protective cardiovascular effects without simultaneous administration of other compounds, specifically they have protective effects on the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (justia.com)
  • and, most recently, microRNAs have been rigorously investigated over the past decade as possible biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AKI rather than secondary consequences of injury. (medscape.com)