• The replicator thereby specifies the location of replication initiation events, and the chromosome region that is replicated from a single origin or initiation event is defined as the replicon. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromosome replication is triggered when a nucleoprotein complex, termed the orisome, assembles, unwinds the duplex DNA, and recruits the proteins required to establish new replication forks. (mdpi.com)
  • Obviously, the initiation of chromosome replication is essential to bacterial reproduction, but this process is not inhibited by any of the currently-used antimicrobial agents. (mdpi.com)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74319","hns","Escherichia coli","global DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator H-NS [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • In the elongation phase, replisomes travel in opposite directions with the replication forks, unwinding the DNA helix and synthesizing complementary daughter DNA strands using both parental strands as templates. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Escherichia coli cells, disruption of the transcription-translation coordination leads to the loss of transcription processivity via triggering Rho-mediated premature transcription termination. (bvsalud.org)
  • A fundamental feature of the replicon hypothesis is that it relies on positive regulation to control DNA replication onset, which can explain many experimental observations in bacterial and phage systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once bound to replicators, initiators (often with the help of co-loader proteins) deposit replicative helicases onto DNA, which subsequently drive the recruitment of additional replisome components and the assembly of the entire replication machinery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concept of the replicator as a genetic entity has proven very useful in the quest to identify replicator DNA sequences and initiator proteins in prokaryotes, and to some extent also in eukaryotes, although the organization and complexity of replicators differ considerably between the domains of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • The necessity to regulate origin location likely arises from the need to coordinate DNA replication with other processes that act on the shared chromatin template to avoid DNA strand breaks and DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)
  • p)ppGpp not only controls various stages of central dogma processes (replication, transcription, ribosome maturation and translation) and central metabolism but also regulates various physiological processes such as pathogenesis, persistence, motility and competence. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nonetheless, research subsequent to Jacob's, Brenner's and Cuzin's proposal of the replicon model has discovered many additional layers of replication control in bacteria and eukaryotes that comprise both positive and negative regulatory elements, highlighting both the complexity and the importance of restricting DNA replication temporally and spatially. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tight coordination between transcription and translation has long been recognized as the hallmark of gene expression in bacteria. (bvsalud.org)
  • Once replication is complete, specific termination events lead to the disassembly of replisomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Propagation of the genetic material between generations requires timely and accurate duplication of DNA by semiconservative replication prior to cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives the full complement of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • During carbon downshift, a lack of stringent response in relA deficient strain leads to disruption of the transcription-translation coordination, thus compromising the transcription processivity and further the timely expression of related catabolic operons for utilizing secondary carbon sources. (bvsalud.org)
  • To ensure complete and accurate duplication of the entire genome and the correct flow of genetic information to progeny cells, all DNA replication events are not only tightly regulated with cell cycle cues but are also coordinated with other cellular events such as transcription and DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • Translation initiation factor 1A / IF-1 [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Translation initiation factor SUI1 [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Synthesis of daughter strands starts at discrete sites, termed replication origins, and proceeds in a bidirectional manner until all genomic DNA is replicated. (wikipedia.org)
  • This finding implies that DNA binding proteins generally use non-B-form DNA distortion such as base flipping to initiate replication and transcription. (nih.gov)
  • The sequence logo for DNA binding sites of the bacteriophage P1 replication protein RepA shows unusually high sequence conservation ( approximately 2 bits) at a minor groove that faces RepA. (nih.gov)
  • 41314) energy-coupling factor transport system permease protein ecfT BBZA01000003 CDS ARMA_0064 complement(41356. (go.jp)
  • protein_coding" "AAC73572","dnaX","Escherichia coli","DNA polymerase III/DNA elongation factor III, tau and gamma subunits [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • protein_coding" "AAC73904","mntR","Escherichia coli","Mn(2+)-responsive manganese regulon transcriptional regulator [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The DnaA protein has long been considered to play the key role in the initiation of chromosome replication in modern bacteria. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In fact, the possibility that DnaA protein acts as a regulator of gene expression was raised by Hansen a few years after the isolation of the first mutant [ 10 ] , and DnaA was subsequently shown to regulate many operons [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • To explore this proposal, it is essential to characterise the biochemical properties of the DnaA protein. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • They found that the DnaA protein is an ATPase possessing a high affinity for the replication origin ( oriC) via DnaA boxes constituted of nine bases. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Incomplete, erroneous, or untimely DNA replication events can give rise to mutations, chromosomal polyploidy or aneuploidy, and gene copy number variations, each of which in turn can lead to diseases, including cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • H-NS typically regulates cellular functions through its potent transcriptional repressor function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This can either involve the replication of DNA in living organisms such as prokaryotes and eukaryotes, or that of DNA or RNA in viruses, such as double-stranded RNA viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concept of the replicator as a genetic entity has proven very useful in the quest to identify replicator DNA sequences and initiator proteins in prokaryotes, and to some extent also in eukaryotes, although the organization and complexity of replicators differ considerably between the domains of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated. (wikipedia.org)
  • To ensure complete and accurate duplication of the entire genome and the correct flow of genetic information to progeny cells, all DNA replication events are not only tightly regulated with cell cycle cues but are also coordinated with other cellular events such as transcription and DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcription of all required genes has to take place simultaneously with genome duplication. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, the existing data also demonstrate that the replication fork trap in E. coli imposes significant constraints to genome duplication if ectopic origins are active. (frontiersin.org)
  • We describe the current models of how replication fork fusion events can cause serious problems for genome duplication, as well as models of how such problems might be alleviated both by a number of repair pathways as well as the replication fork trap system. (frontiersin.org)
  • Considering the problems associated both with head-on replication-transcription conflicts as well as head-on replication fork fusion events might provide clues of how these genome trafficking issues have contributed to shape the distinct architecture of bacterial chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Norris, V. DnaA and Hyperstructure Dynamics in the Cell Cycle. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • DnaA and Hyperstructure Dynamics in the Cell Cycle" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/49596 (accessed December 02, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Here I show that a high minor groove conservation signature also appears in sequence logos of sites for other replication origin binding proteins (Rts1, DnaA, P4 alpha, EBNA1, ORC) and promoter binding proteins (sigma(70), sigma(D) factors). (nih.gov)
  • We study post-transcriptional gene regulation-why some cellular mRNAs are a thousand times more stable than others, and why some are translated better than others. (mit.edu)
  • It further rationalizes plasmid incompatibilities in E. coli, where certain plasmids destabilize each other's inheritance due to competition for the same molecular initiation machinery. (wikipedia.org)
  • These mutations were mapped to the same locus and the gene was called dnaA [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • For example, both Tn10 and Tn5 have weak promoter sequences and suboptimal translation initiation regions for their transposase genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the specific replication origin organization structure and recognition varies from species to species, some common characteristics are shared. (wikipedia.org)
  • The model postulates that a diffusible, trans-acting factor, a so-called initiator, interacts with a cis-acting DNA element, the replicator, to promote replication onset at a nearby origin. (wikipedia.org)
  • A fundamental feature of the replicon hypothesis is that it relies on positive regulation to control DNA replication onset, which can explain many experimental observations in bacterial and phage systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • These observations, therefore, help make DnaA a candidate for the role of coordinator of the cell cycle. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Propagation of the genetic material between generations requires timely and accurate duplication of DNA by semiconservative replication prior to cell division to ensure each daughter cell receives the full complement of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • 41931) energy-coupling factor transport system substrate-specific component qrtT BBZA01000003 CDS ARMA_0065 complement(42026. (go.jp)
  • During carbon downshift, a lack of stringent response in relA deficient strain leads to disruption of the transcription-translation coordination, thus compromising the transcription processivity and further the timely expression of related catabolic operons for utilizing secondary carbon sources. (bvsalud.org)
  • Synthesis of daughter strands starts at discrete sites, termed replication origins, and proceeds in a bidirectional manner until all genomic DNA is replicated. (wikipedia.org)
  • These assembly loci constitute the start sites of DNA replication or replication origins. (wikipedia.org)
  • A key prerequisite for DNA replication is that it must occur with extremely high fidelity and efficiency exactly once per cell cycle to prevent the accumulation of genetic alterations with potentially deleterious consequences for cell survival and organismal viability. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite the fundamental nature of these events, organisms have evolved surprisingly divergent strategies that control replication onset. (wikipedia.org)
  • Kohiyama, therefore, sought mutants that failed to initiate replication at high temperatures and found two [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)