Vaccination is still recommended for particular groups, of the pustular fluid was added to BSC-40 (monkey kid- namely, healthcare workers who handle materials poten- ney) cell culture, a poxviruslike cytopathic effect was evi- tially infected with vaccinia virus or other orthopoxviruses dent after 48 h of infection (data not shown). (cdc.gov)
We now report the accidental infection of DNA isolated from cells infected with the vaccinia a laboratory worker who manipulated vaccinia virus-WR was used as reference. (cdc.gov)
The cell cultures with high levels of resveratrol prevented vaccinia from replicating in the early stages of the viral infection, which stops the virus from spreading. (newswise.com)
MERS-CoV infection did not prevent the IFN-induced nuclear translocation of phosphorylated STAT1, in contrast to infection with SARS-CoV where this block inhibits the expression of antiviral genes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
To combat such an unprecedented global public-health crisis before these experimental agents are available, alternative available interventions that can target different steps in the replication cycle of the EBOV should be explored in the management of the human EBOV infection as contingency preparation for the international dissemination of the EBOV outbreak in West Africa. (biomedcentral.com)
Targeting viral proteins to disrupt replication is an important approach to develop a therapy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. (xiahepublishing.com)
Given that both compounds are FDA-approved drugs, and trifluridine is used to treat ocular vaccinia in medical practice due to its antiviral activity, our results suggest that it holds great promise to further test trifluridine and adefovir dipivoxil for countering poxvirus infection, including mpox. (bvsalud.org)
Production of prostaglandin E-2 in response to infection with modified vaccinia Ankara virus. (ncsu.edu)
Interferons assist the immune response by inhibiting viral replication within host cells, activating natural killer cells, increasing antigen presentation to lymphocytes, and inducing the resistance of host cells to viral infection. (wikidoc.org)
Abstract During chronic HIV-1 infection, continuing viral replication is associated with impaired proliferative capacity of virus-specific CD8+ T cells and with the expansion and persistence of oligoclonal T cell populations. (ox.ac.uk)
PKR is a potent antiviral molecule that can terminate infection by inhibiting protein synthesis and stimulating NF-κB activation and apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)
Originally, it was thought that only intermediate and late gene transcription produced double-stranded (ds) RNA to activate PKR during vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. (elsevierpure.com)
By using conditions that limited the progression of the poxvirus replication cycle, we observed that early gene transcripts activated PKR in RK13 cells, identifying a new PKR-activating mechanism of poxvirus infection. (elsevierpure.com)
These results reveal a new PKR activation pathway during VACV infection, in which the K1 protein reduces dsRNA levels early in VACV infection to directly inhibit PKR and several of its downstream antiviral effects, thereby enhancing virus survival. (elsevierpure.com)
Curcumin could inhibit IAV in vitro and alleviate the severity of the disease in the mouse after infection with IAV. (turmericlife.com)
Furthermore, curcumin could regulate immune response following IAV infection through inhibiting production of local inflammatory cytokines. (turmericlife.com)
In addition, curcumin was found to inhibit NF-κB signalling in macrophages, as well as the subsequent production of cytokines/chemokines responding to IAV infection, by enhancing IκBα and AMPK. (turmericlife.com)
We have also analyzed the effects of dietary supplements and viral co-infection on viral replication and disease severity. (ecu.edu)
Coadministration with a HDAC inhibitor inhibits innate immunity transiently to promote infection and spread of OVs, and significantly enhances anti-tumor immunity and improves the therapeutic index. (biomedcentral.com)
Pre-treatment of cell lines, however, did not inhibit infection with HCoV-229E and post-infection treatment had only a marginal effect on virus propagation at 50 μg/ml. (biomedcentral.com)
Modified vaccinia virus Ankara7
We utilized established viral vectors, the replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 63 (ChAd63), and the attenuated orthopoxvirus modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), encoding RH5 from the 3D7 clone of P. falciparum. (jci.org)
Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), an attenuated vaccinia strain, is a safe and effective vaccine vector against various infectious agents and cancers. (mskcc.org)
To investigate this, we analyzed the TCR Vβ usage of CD8+ T cells populations which were expanded following vaccination with modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing a HIV-1 gag/multiepitope immunogen (MVA.HIVA) in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we describe the safety, robust immunogenicity, and potent efficacy elicited in rhesus macaques by a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (MVA-S). MVA-S vaccination was well tolerated and induced S and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-binding IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants of concern. (frontiersin.org)
Safe and effective third-generation smallpox vaccines, namely, LC16m8 and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), are effective in protecting vaccinees from hMPX. (go.jp)
Third-generation smallpox vaccines, such as modified vaccinia virus-Ankara (MVA) and LC16m8, are effective. (go.jp)
Laboratory Worker ment in March 2002 with a history of pain followed by the appearance of erythema and a pustule on the left thumb with Vaccinia Virus (Figure 1A). (cdc.gov)
These symptoms appeared 3 days after she experienced an accidental needlestick while working with material from a vaccinia virus (strain WR)-infected cell culture during a virus purification procedure. (cdc.gov)
We report the accidental needlestick inoculation of a areas around the lesions and a large erythemathous lesion laboratory worker with vaccinia virus. (cdc.gov)
The vaccinia virus-specific immunoglobulin G lev- els were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent the necrotic tissue, and pustular fluid was collected for assay. (cdc.gov)
SDS-PAGE), followed by Western Blot analysis with rab- the potential use of variola (smallpox) virus as a bioterror- bit antiserum raised against total vaccinia virus proteins as ism weapon. (cdc.gov)
The protein profile was indistinguish- duce mild to moderate disease in vaccinees and can be dis- able from that of the WR strain of vaccinia virus currently seminated to their close contacts (1,3,4). (cdc.gov)
In 1991, an accidental infec- cinia virus genome in the pustular fluid could be demon- tion with recombinant vaccinia virus was described after a strated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by needlestick injury on the left thumb of a laboratory work- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the er (5). (cdc.gov)
The researchers added resveratrol at varying intensities to human cell cultures infected by vaccinia virus, a cousin to the highly dangerous variola virus that causes smallpox. (newswise.com)
Used as the vaccine to eradicate smallpox, vaccinia virus provides a good model of how viruses work without the danger, Cao said. (newswise.com)
Our research has shown that resveratrol inhibits vaccinia virus from making copies of its DNA and genome. (newswise.com)
The Kansas State University researchers recorded resveratrol's success with vaccinia and collaborated with researchers at the CDC to perform similar experiments with monkeypox, a contagious and deadly virus to humans that has caused periodic disease outbreaks in Africa. (newswise.com)
Resveratrol works to inhibit replication in two of them - the vaccinia virus and monkeypox - so it should be able to inhibit other poxviruses as well. (newswise.com)
Vaccinia is not only ideal for labs to study as a model virus, but it also is used to help treat cancer and to fight other viruses, such as its role in the eradication of smallpox around 1980. (newswise.com)
Characterization of the expression, intracellular localization, and replication complex association of the putative mouse hepatitis virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Lung immunopathology triggered by a specific virus is much less severe when tumour inflammatory response is inhibited. (alliedacademies.org)
The compound 10H-indolo-2-Amino pyridine [3,2-b] quinoxalines inhibits Herpes simplex virus-1 and vaccinia virus at a concentration of 12 μg/ml, and the cytotoxicy was found to be 100 μg/ml. 4-Aminobenzene sulfonamide-10H-indolo [3,2-b] quinoxalines inhibit vaccinia virus at a concentration of 12 μg/ml and cytotoxicy was found to be 100 μg/ml. (ijpsonline.com)
Kaposi varicelliform eruption (KVE) is the name given to a distinct cutaneous eruption caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, HSV-2, coxsackievirus A16, or vaccinia virus that infects a preexisting dermatosis. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Another study found that vaccinia virus inoculated into mouse skin primed with a Th-2-weighted inflammatory response resulted in larger and more erosive primary lesions, more satellite lesions, and higher viral loads than normal or TH-1 weighted skin. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] Furthermore, the addition of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 (both overexpressed in Th-2 inflammatory reactions) amplified vacciniavirus replication in human skin. (medscape.com)
When mice were used to test this theory in association with vaccinia virus, it was found that when an AD exacerbation occurred, there was a concurrent decrease in IL-10. (medscape.com)
Here, we show that carbenoxolone, a pharmacological inhibitor of gap junction function and a compound widely used in cell culture, is capable of hindering the replication of Vaccinia virus, the prototypical poxvirus, in a gap junction-independent manner in a human keratinocyte cell line. (keele.ac.uk)
The team made the discovery after deleting the so-called B1 gene from the vaccinia virus. (unl.edu)
Previously, when researchers elsewhere deactivated just the B12 gene, leaving all others intact, they found no effect on the vaccinia virus. (unl.edu)
If this virus has a mechanism of activating our immune system, can we eventually use that to inhibit the growth of other viruses? (unl.edu)
Here we tested two compounds, nucleoside trifluridine, and nucleotide adefovir dipivoxil, for antiviral activities against vaccinia virus (VACV), mpox virus (MPXV), and cowpox virus (CPXV) in physiologically relevant primary human fibroblasts. (bvsalud.org)
Each step of viral replication is ultimately governed by the interaction of a virus with its host cells. (bvsalud.org)
Because of the demands of viral replication, the nutritional needs of virus-infected cells differ from those of uninfected cells. (bvsalud.org)
We hypothesised that a mixture of Ribes nigrum L. (Grossulariaceae) (common name black currant (BC)) and Vaccinium myrtillus L. (Ericaceae) (common name bilberry (BL)) extracts (BC/BL) with standardised anthocyanin content as well as single plant extracts interfered with the replication of Measles virus and Herpesviruses in vitro. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Results The BC/BL extract inhibited wild-type Measles virus replication, syncytia formation and cell-to-cell spread. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Vaccinia virus is a prototypical poxvirus successfully used for smallpox eradication. (mskcc.org)
Vaccinia virus produces four different types of virion from each infected cell called intracellular mature virus (IMV), intracellular enveloped virus (IEV), cell-associated enveloped virus (CEV) and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). (microbiologyresearch.org)
The production of several different virus particles in the VV replication cycle represents a coordinated strategy to exploit cell biology to promote virus spread and to aid virus evasion of antibody and complement. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37,000-Dalton outer envelope protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sequence analysis, expression, and deletion of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a homolog of profilin, a eukaryotic actin-binding protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Dissociation of progeny vaccinia virus from the cell membrane is regulated by a viral envelope glycoprotein: effect of a point mutation in the lectin homology domain of the A34R gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
To research the procedure of computer virus transmission between varieties, we used a recombinant vaccinia pathogen (VVEK+RhTRS1) expressing the rhesus cytomegalovirus PKR antagonist RhTRS1. (molecularcircuit.com)
Intermediate hosts, pets that aren't the natural sponsor of the computer virus but remain permissive or semi-permissive for viral replication, play a crucial part in cross-species transmitting. (molecularcircuit.com)
Vaccinia virus(VACV) encodes many proteins that antagonize the innate immune system including a family of intracellular proteins with a B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-like structure. (ox.ac.uk)
One approach to the control of virus-related diseases and, particularly to the spread of such virus diseases, has been to search for medicinal agents or chemotherapeutic agents which are capable of inhibiting the growth of viruses, thereby preventing the spread of disease as well as preventing further damage to cells and tissues of the animal host which have not as yet been infected. (justia.com)
This prevents viral replication and inhibits normal cell ribosome function, killing both the virus and the host cell if the response is active for a sufficient amount of time. (wikidoc.org)
Non-structural proteins are involved in the transcription and replication of the virus. (medsci.org)
Arming vaccinia virus with immunostimulatory cytokines can enhance the tumor cell-specific replication and antitumor efficacy. (techscience.com)
We constructed a targeted vaccinia virus of Guang9 strain harboring IL-24 (VG9-IL-24) to evaluate its antitumor effects. (techscience.com)
By reverse genetics technology we shown that NDV Italien was able to carry exogenous genes without influencing computer virus replication [7]. (immune-source.com)
8. Curcumin can suppress Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) replication. (turmericlife.com)
The vaccinia virus poxvirus vaccine is administered to all U.S. military personnel for protection against smallpox and monkeypox viruses, Category A biological disease agents identified by the U.S. Government as bioterrorism/biowarfare threats. (ecu.edu)
We performed experimental evolution with vaccinia virus populations harboring a SNV in a gene actively undergoing copy number amplification. (elifesciences.org)
[7] A number of viruses including adenovirus , reovirus , measles , herpes simplex , Newcastle disease virus , and vaccinia have been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. (privacytools.io)
Many of the viruses can cause significant loss - economic or healthwise - but vaccinia can be used for good such as a gene carrier in gene therapy and cancer treatment. (newswise.com)
Like all viruses, the EBOV largely relies on host cell factors and physiological processes for its entry, replication, and egress. (biomedcentral.com)
Twenty-one of the compounds identified as potential NSP15 inhibitors were antiviral compounds that inhibited a range of viruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV, and even SARS-CoV-2. (xiahepublishing.com)
To improve their chances of survival and replication, viruses have evolved to commandeer cellular processes, including cell metabolism, augmenting these processes to support their needs. (bvsalud.org)
We sought to investigate whether ASA and its metabolite salicylic acid (SA) inhibit SARS-CoV-2 since it might use similar pathways to influenza viruses. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Oncolytic vaccinia viruses are promising cancer immunotherapeutics. (mskcc.org)
Since then, we have been focusing on identifying viral inhibitors of the cGAS/STING pathway through biochemical studies, as well as the generation and characterization of recombinant vaccinia viruses or MVA lacking viral inhibitors. (mskcc.org)
The compounds described herein are useful in inhibiting or inactivating viruses by their administration to either a non-infected or to an infected host, respectively. (justia.com)
May prevent replication of herpes viruses. (turmeric.com)
We have shown that A35 acts by inhibiting the mammalian immune system, thus allowing the viruses to replicate and spread prior to control by the immune response. (ecu.edu)
Avigan (favipiravir) (Reeqonus) is an antiviral agent that selectively and potently inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of RNA viruses. (precisionvaccinations.com)
Vitro3
Vaccine-induced anti-RH5 serum antibodies exhibited cross-strain functional growth inhibition activity (GIA) in vitro, targeted linear and conformational epitopes within RH5, and inhibited key interactions within the RH5 invasion complex. (jci.org)
The anti-HIV activities of the new compounds were also screened for in vitro antiviral activity against replication of HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD) in MT-4 cells using zidovudine (AZT) as standard. (ijpsonline.com)
Simultaneously, we observed that CD8+ T cells recognizing vaccine-derived HIV-1 epitopes displayed enhanced capacity to proliferate and to inhibit HIV-1 replication in vitro, following MVA.HIVA immunizations. (ox.ac.uk)
Cytomegalovirus2
Human Herpesvirus 1 and murine Cytomegalovirus replication was inhibited by BC/BL, single bilberry or black currant extracts, and the BC/BL component delphinidin-3-glucoside chloride. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
e) Specific immune globulin: Special preparations obtained from blood plasma from donor pools preselected for a high antibody content against a specific antigen (e.g., hepatitis B immune globulin, varicella-zoster immune globulin, rabies immune globulin, tetanus immune globulin, vaccinia immune globulin, and cytomegalovirus immune globulin). (cdc.gov)
Vaccine2
Recombinant vaccinia is also widely used as the wildlife rabies vaccine in the U.S. and in cancer treatment trials. (ecu.edu)
One of these Bcl-2 proteins called K7 binds Toll-like receptor-adaptor proteins and the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3 and thereby inhibits the activation of NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3. (ox.ac.uk)
If we can discover how these proteins act, we may be able to create anti-viral drugs to inhibit the functions, and it may be possible to mimic these immunomodulatory functions in order to control deleterious immune responses in human and animal organ transplantation or autoimmunity. (ecu.edu)
VACV6
Both compounds potently inhibited the replication of VACV, CPXV, and MPXV (MA001 2022 isolate) in plaque assays. (bvsalud.org)
In our recently developed assay based on a recombinant VACV expressing secreted Gaussia luciferase, they both exhibited high potency in inhibiting VACV replication with EC50s in the low nanomolar range. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, both trifluridine and adefovir dipivoxil inhibited VACV DNA replication and downstream viral gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
Both trifluridine and adefovir dipivoxil potently inhibited replication of VACV and MPXV (MA001 2022 isolate) in a plaque assay. (bvsalud.org)
Upon further characterization, they both conferred high potency in inhibiting VACV replication with half maximal effective concentrations (EC 50 ) at low nanomolar levels in our recently developed assay based on a recombinant VACV secreted Gaussia luciferase. (bvsalud.org)
Terameprocol, a methylated derivative of nordihydroguaiaretic acid, inhibits production of prostaglandins and several key inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (ncsu.edu)
Compounds3
Given that both compounds are FDA-approved drugs, and trifluridine is already used to treat ocular vaccinia, further development of trifluridine and adefovir dipivoxil holds great promise in treating poxvirus infections, including mpox. (bvsalud.org)
The compounds suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell culture cells and a patient-near replication system using human precision-cut lung slices by two orders of magnitude. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
While the compounds did not interfere with viral entry, it led to lower viral RNA expression after 24 h, indicating that post-entry pathways were inhibited by the compounds. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Cytotoxicity1
In this study, we characterized MERS-CoV replication and cytotoxicity in human and monkey cell lines. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Poxviruses1
Resveratrol had the same effect with monkeypox, which means that it has a good chance of inhibiting all poxviruses, Cao said. (newswise.com)
Poxvirus threats1
Identification of inhibitors of poxvirus replication is critical for drug development to manage poxvirus threats. (bvsalud.org)
Gene2
Because B1 helps silence a host's antiviral alarms and allows vaccinia to copy itself, deleting the gene threatens vaccinia's survival, said team leader Matt Wiebe, associate professor of veterinary medicine and biomedical sciences. (unl.edu)
Viral replication and virulence weren't attenuated from the incorporation of cHAb18 gene ICOS which considerably improved the suppression of relict tumor cell migration. (immune-source.com)
Resveratrol1
and their collaborators at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have published "Suppression of Poxvirus Replication by Resveratrol" in Frontiers in Microbiology. (newswise.com)
Human2
Moreover, BC/BL, the single bilberry and black currant extracts, and the BC/BL components delphinidin-3-glucoside chloride, cyanidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-rutinoside chloride, and petunidin-3-galactoside inhibited human Herpesvirus 8 replication. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Infections with amplified totally clogged AGM PKR, but just partially blocked human being PKR, in keeping with the replication properties of the infections in AGM and human being cells. (molecularcircuit.com)
Cells9
Rapidly dividing cells, which require DNA replication for mitosis, are therefore most affected. (wikipedia.org)
A case of vaccinia keratouveitis has been reported phenol-chloroform-extracted DNA from BSC-40 cells after accidental ocular autoinoculation from a recent vac- infected with the clinical sample for 24 h at 37°C (8). (cdc.gov)
Pthalimide derivative inhibited the replication of HIV-2 (EC 50 =11.60 μg/ml and CC 50 =61.63 μg/ml) in MT-4 cells. (ijpsonline.com)
Serial passaging VVEK+RhTRS1 in RhTRS1-resistant AGM cells led to duplication in the viral genome, which improved VVEK+RhTRS1 replication in AGM cells. (molecularcircuit.com)
Incredibly, duplication also improved pathogen replication in individual and rhesus cells. (molecularcircuit.com)
On the other hand, passing of VVEK+RhTRS1 in individual cells, without preceding version in AGM cells, didn't improve VVEK+RhTRS1 replication. (molecularcircuit.com)
This increase in IL-4 inhibits Th-1 cells and thus suppresses interferon-gamma secretion. (medscape.com)
The rNDV-18HL-encoded cHAb18 antibody kept affinity for CD147 and showed inhibiting the invasion and migration of HCC cells. (immune-source.com)
Local administration or OV mediated-expression of ligands for Toll-like receptors can rescue the function of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells inhibited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and thus enhances the antitumor effect. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways1
The roles of SFE in cancers are mainly through the regulation of potential biomarkers to activate or inhibit related signaling pathways. (techscience.com)
Suppression1
NSPs are essential for RNA transcription, replication, translation, and suppression of the host antiviral response. (xiahepublishing.com)
Rhesus1
nevertheless, it generally does not inhibit individual or rhesus variations of PKR. (molecularcircuit.com)
Efficacy1
For example, the relative inefficiency of delivering OVs to tumor nodules, selective viral replication inside tumor nodules and spread to distant micrometastases limits its overall efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune system1
Wiebe said the findings indicate that when B1 is absent - but only then - B12 actually inhibits viral replication by alerting the host's immune system. (unl.edu)
Infections1
2. Protects against enteroviral infections by decreasing replication in the intestines. (turmericlife.com)
Inhibitor1
These characteristics were used to develop an assay for antiviral compound screening in 96-well format, which was used to identify cyclosporin A as an inhibitor of MERS-CoV replication in cell culture. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Nucleotide1
Cytosine arabinoside also inhibits both DNA and RNA polymerases and nucleotide reductase enzymes needed for DNA synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
Genes1
Addition to the regulation of cell cycle genes, such cell nuclear antigen cyclin cyclin A and B was immediately after mitotic Purkinje and K Rnerzellen AT people and ATM neurons observed M nozzles were uncovered to undergo DNA replication. (alksignaling.com)
Mechanism1
These data support the hypothesis that amplification of the poor viral antagonist could be an over-all evolutionary mechanism allowing replication in normally resistant sponsor species, offering a molecular foothold that could enable additional adaptations essential for effective replication in the brand new sponsor. (molecularcircuit.com)
Treatment1
Vaccinia (Smallpox) for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer-Turning an Old Foe Into a Friend? (ucsf.edu)
Host1
The importance of cathelicidins in antiviral skin host defense was confirmed by the observation of higher levels of HSV-2 replication in cathelicidin-deficient mouse skin compared with that seen in skin from their wild-type counterparts. (medscape.com)