• Upon activation, IRE1α splices the XBP-1 mRNA introns to produce a mature and active XBP-1 protein, that upregulates CHOP expression IRE1α also stimulates the activation of the apoptotic-signaling kinase-1 (ASK1), which then activates the downstream kinases, Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), which participate in apoptosis induction along with CHOP. (wikipedia.org)
  • BAX-BAK oligomerization causes cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) release from mitochondria, eventually causing cell death. (wikipedia.org)
  • Expression levels of HK2, glucose transporter 1, TXNIP, c‑Myc and mitochondria‑regulated apoptosis pathway proteins were measured through western blotting. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present results suggested that 3‑BrPA promoted TXNIP protein expression and reduced HK2 expression in TNBC cells by downregulating c‑Myc expression, inhibiting glycolysis including suppressing lactate generation, intracellular ATP generation and HK activity, inducing mitochondrial‑mediated apoptosis and eventually suppressing TNBC cell proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Activating transcription factor-(ATF-) 3, a stress-inducible transcription factor, is rapidly upregulated under various stress conditions and plays an important role in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • First, we found that GS-002 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manners. (hindawi.com)
  • [8] Binding of TSP-1 to CD47 influences several fundamental cellular functions including cell migration and adhesion, cell proliferation or apoptosis, and plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. (wikidoc.org)
  • Over the last few decades, it has been studied that the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced kidney damage are complex and involved numerous cellular and molecular processes including inflammation, apoptosis, accumulation of cisplatin in renal tubular cells via renal drug transporters, Ctr1 and OCT2, and involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways [ 3 ] [ 4 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Each antibody in the SignalStain ® Proliferation/Apoptosis IHC Sampler Kit detects endogenous levels of its target protein and does not cross-react with any related proteins. (cellsignal.com)
  • Caspase-3 (CPP-32, Apoptain, Yama, SCA-1) is a critical executioner of apoptosis, as it is either partially or totally responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins such as the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (1). (cellsignal.com)
  • Survivin binds and inhibits caspase-3, controlling the checkpoint in the G2/M-phase of the cell cycle through inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cell division (4,5). (cellsignal.com)
  • Another line of research development centers on the establishment of novel chemical libraries aiming at mechanism-based or lead compound-based drug discovery for cancer/inflammation, particularly by targeting Bcl-2 family proteins and apoptosis pathways, transcription factors as well as epigenetic therapy with the aid of molecular docking and chemical synthesis. (utmb.edu)
  • UCN-01, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, induces growth arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells and was recently introduced in a phase I clinical trial. (karger.com)
  • The induction of ATF-3 expression was mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in GS-002-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
  • TNF signaling controls immune cell activation via regulation of gene expression of chemokines, cytokines, and toxic molecules, including the reactive oxygen species, transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). (xiahepublishing.com)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II downregulates both calcineurin and protein kinase C mediated pathways for cytokine gene transcription in human T cells. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Prostaglandin E2 and other cyclic AMP elevating agents inhibit interleukin 2 gene transcription by counteracting calcineurin-dependent pathways. (bioacademy.gr)
  • At the proliferation stage, proliferation related pathways and basic cellular and metabolic processes were inhibited, while regulatory factors that initiate differentiation enter the ready-to-activate state, which provides a precondition for initiating adipose differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to weighted gene co-expression network analysis, pathways positively related to adipogenic differentiation are significantly activated at the differentiation stage, while WNT, FOXO and other pathways that inhibit preadipocyte differentiation are negatively regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Colivelin-induced neuroprotection has been confirmed to occur via two neuroprotective pathways: one mediated by Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV, triggered by ADNF, and one mediated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, triggered by HN. (jneurosci.org)
  • It is a transmembrane protein with 212 amino acid sequence, existing in a homotrimer stable form that binds with two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • Mdm2 binds directly to the transcriptional activation domain of p53 and blocks p53-dependent transcription. (molvis.org)
  • And the LEF / TCF family transcription factor, along with other proteins, binds to DNA and inhibits gene expression. (researchsquare.com)
  • CD47 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily [1] and partners with membrane integrins and also binds the ligands thrombospondin-1 ( TSP-1 ) and signal-regulatory protein alpha ( SIRPα ). (wikidoc.org)
  • In the interaction with proteins, lead binds with virtually every available functional group, including sulfhydryl, amine, phosphate, and carboxyl groups, with sulfhydryl having the highest affinity. (cdc.gov)
  • Lead also binds to metallothionein, a sulfhydryl-rich protein, but does not appear to displace cadmium or zinc. (cdc.gov)
  • As an inhibitor of HK2, 3‑bromopyruvic acid (3‑BrPA) exhibits good therapeutic efficacy in intrahepatic and extrahepatic tumors and inhibits the proliferation of human tumor cells with high expression levels of c‑Myc in vivo and in vitro . (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 increases proliferation of human U87 and U373 astrocytoma cells but not normal astrocytes . (wikidoc.org)
  • We demonstrate that UCN-01, at concentrations lower than those necessary to inhibit cancer cell growth, inhibit proliferation of human endothelial cells in vitro. (karger.com)
  • Integrated stress response, and thus CHOP expression, can be induced by amino acid starvation through general control non-derepressible-2 (GCN2) viral infection through the vertebrate-specific kinases - double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) iron deficiency through heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI) stress from accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER activates the integrated stress response through protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). (wikipedia.org)
  • GS-002 also induced endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress as evidenced by increases in ER stress-responsive proteins including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α (eIF2 α ), phosphorylated protein endoplasmic-reticular-resident kinase (PERK), and ATF-3. (hindawi.com)
  • 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 was as strong or stronger than Ca 2+ in its induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, P21 and p27. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In particular, extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, one of the MAPK pathway is considered as an important mediator of signal transduction processes, namely cell survival, cell division, gene expression, and cell metabolism that plays role in injury, death, and inflammation of kidney tubular cells due to cisplatin administration [ 5 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Also, cisplatin increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-κB expression, which subsequently increased mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, KIM-1, NGAL, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as decreased mRNA expression of IL-10 in kidney tissues. (thieme-connect.com)
  • In this study, we found that BMP-13 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSCs) in vitro. (ijbs.com)
  • Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Conversely, the treatment up-regulated inflammatory enzyme activities, TNF-alpha levels and gene expression of NOS2 and IFN-gamma (23 and 7 fold, respectively), and of FIZZ1 and YM1 (8 and 2 fold) when compared with the untreated group. (blogspot.com)
  • All proteins were expressed in keratocytes cultured in all media in accordance to the gene expression findings. (blogspot.com)
  • Central to the epigenetic control of gene expression is the histone code through which input signals can be translated into a heritable pattern of gene expression defining cellular output states ( Fig. 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • This study aims to see whether the influence of SMFs can affect calcium levels, lipid profiles, SREBP-2 protein excretion, and LDLR gene expression, which affects the process of breaking down cholesterol. (mdpi.com)
  • According to this hypothesis, cells exposed to GNG7 will stop further proliferation and start the differentiation process mediated by G protein signals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, BMP-13 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, implying that functional mutations or deficiency of BMP-13 may allow excess bone formation. (ijbs.com)
  • BMP-13, also known as growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) and cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 (CDMP-2), was first identified and isolated as a component of bovine cartilage [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • The p38α further activates CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) resulting in cancer-related consequences, i.e. protein translation, cell differentiation and cell growth. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • Despite extensive genetic analysis, the function of TEAD factors in muscle differentiation has proved elusive due to redundancy amongst the family members. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of the TEA/ATTS DNA binding domain that acts a dominant negative repressor of TEAD factors in C2C12 myoblasts inhibits their differentiation, while selective shRNA knockdown of TEAD4 results in abnormal differentiation characterised by the formation of shortened myotubes. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast, TEAD4 represses expression of the growth factor CTGF and Cyclin D1 to promote differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Together these results show that TEAD factor activity is essential for normal C2C12 cell differentiation and define a novel and non-redundant role for TEAD4 in regulating expression of the unfolded protein response genes. (nih.gov)
  • HBS1L encodes a protein with apparent GTP binding activity and is included in different cellular processes while MYB encodes a transcription factor for erythroid differentiation in hematopoiesis [10]. (scirp.org)
  • Moreover, we identified and classified more than 100 transcription factors that showed significant changes during differentiation, and found novel transcription factors that were not reported to be related to preadipoctye differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The reason for its use is the higher number of platelets, which is an important source of growth factors, such TGF- β1, that hypothetically possess a stimulating effect on regulation and differentiation in mesenchymal tissue repair 10 . (bvsalud.org)
  • In the mating pheromone response pathway, G-protein-mediated growth arrest induced by cell contact has been confirmed, while GNG7 may be involved in this process to prevent growth arrest in multicellular organisms and control cell proliferation [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thioredoxin‑interacting protein (TXNIP) competes with c‑Myc to reduce glucose consumption in tumor cells to restrain cell proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 3‑BrPA inhibited cell proliferation, downregulated c‑Myc and HK2 expression, and upregulated TXNIP expression in TNBC cells, but it doesn't have the same effect on non‑TNBC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We conclude that UCN-01, at clinically relevant concentrations, exerts an anti-neovascularization effect by blocking two important steps in vessel formation: (1) the response of cancer cells to hypoxia, and (2) endothelial cell proliferation. (karger.com)
  • In the CHOP-induced apoptotic pathway, CHOP regulates the expression of BCL2 protein family, that includes anti-apoptotic proteins (BCL2, BCL-XL, MCL-1, and BCL-W) and pro-apoptotic proteins (BAK, BAX, BOK, BIM, PUMA and others). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway and a target of the transcription factor c‑Myc, which is highly expressed in TNBC and promotes aerobic glycolysis by enhancing HK2 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The Wnt signaling pathway creates a complex network of proteins that have different effects on cells, so they can be involved in many cancers, including gliomas. (researchsquare.com)
  • The Wnt signaling pathway creates a complex network of proteins that have different effects on cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • If this pathway is inactive, β-catenin levels will be kept lower by a set of proteins. (researchsquare.com)
  • Results showed that endogenous BMP-13 mRNA expression was higher than BMP-2 or -7 during MSC growth. (ijbs.com)
  • Conversely, hnRNPA1 overexpression reduced NP expression at the mRNA and protein levels and impeded virus replication by (60.70%), suggesting antagonistic function. (cdc.gov)
  • CD47 is a high affinity receptor for thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a secreted glycoprotein that plays a role in vascular development and angiogenesis, and in this later capacity the TSP1-CD47 interaction inhibits nitric oxide signaling at multiple levels in vascular cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • this interaction inhibits the binding of active AP1 to its target DNA. (biosensis.com)
  • 2003. Mutational analysis of Ctnnb1 and Apc in tumors from rats given 1,2-dimethylhydrazine or 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline: mutational 'hotspots' and the relative expression of beta-catenin and c-jun. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • 2011. NADPH oxidase overexpression in human colon cancers and rat colon tumors induced by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). . (oregonstate.edu)
  • Fortunately, with the advancement in knowledge of biology and comprehensive treatment of CCRCC, tumor immunotherapy has gradually become a promising alternative treatment approach for some urinary tract tumors due to its high accuracy and safety [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most common combination- EWS exon 7 fused to FLI1 exon 6 (type 1 translocation)-occurs in approximately 50-64% of tumors of Ewing sarcomas. (medscape.com)
  • The gene product is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, a group of transcription factors regulated by small hydrophobic hormones, a subset of which do not have known ligands and are referred to as orphan nuclear receptors. (cancerindex.org)
  • Studies suggest that the protein represses nuclear hormone receptor-mediated transactivation via two separate steps: competition with coactivators and the direct effects of its transcriptional repressor function. (cancerindex.org)
  • Ca 2+ strongly induced E-cadherin expression and inhibited the expression of the nuclear transcription factor, TCF4. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Negative transcriptional regulation of the human interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene by glucocorticoids through interference with nuclear transcription factors AP-1 and NF-AT. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a member of the DNA sliding clamp family of proteins that assist in DNA replication (6). (cellsignal.com)
  • Scientific Background FUNCTION: Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. (biosensis.com)
  • Yang D, Yuan J, Liu G, Ling Z, Zeng H, Chen Y, Zhang Y, She Q, Zhou X. Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Statins Could Alleviate Atrial Fibrosis via Regulating Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Rac1 /Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Axis. (medsci.org)
  • To investigate whether the administration of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors and statins could alleviate atrial fibrosis via platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/Rac1 /nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) axis. (medsci.org)
  • Binding to dsRNA by these proteins may result in initiation of helicase activity, concomitant with a conformational change that leads to recruiting additional cellular factors, including the recently identified IPS-1/MAVS protein ( 5 , 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • p53 affects the transcription of many target genes and interacts with key cellular proteins. (molvis.org)
  • But in the cellular environment, newly synthesized proteins are at great risk of aberrant folding and aggregation, potentially forming toxic species. (nature.com)
  • Hartl, F. U. Molecular chaperones in cellular protein folding. (nature.com)
  • Skach, W. R. Cellular mechanisms of membrane protein folding. (nature.com)
  • Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • Senescence is a stress-response cellular state characterised by proliferative arrest but active metabolism ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Under ER stress, activated transmembrane protein ATF6 translocates to the nucleus and interacts with ATF/cAMP response elements and ER stress-response elements, binding the promoters and inducing transcription of several genes involved in unfolded protein response (including CHOP, XBP1 and others). (wikipedia.org)
  • CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), an inhibitory transmembrane receptor present on myeloid cells . (wikidoc.org)
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is implicated in the process of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases through binding to its receptor, the tumor necrosis factor receptor. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • 1 , 2 Improper TNF-α production has been seen in a variety of human diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, 3 cancer, 4 major depression, 5 psoriasis, 6 and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (xiahepublishing.com)
  • The normal process of fracture repair begins with an immediate inflammatory response as the innate immune system (macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells) responds with a variety of cytokines that recruit and activate several cell types, including osteoprogenitor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to the site of injury [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • While some signals are mitogenic and proosteogenic, others function to inhibit osteogenesis and increase bone resorption, and it appears that a well-controlled, delicate balance of inflammatory factors is necessary for proper fracture repair [ 3 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although the expression of MHC class I and II molecules can be upregulated by MSC exposure to inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN- γ ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ), they are still unable to induce an immunological response [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Chronic inflammation increases the risk of cancer and contributes to tumor development through the induction of oncogenic mutations, enhanced angiogenesis and early tumor promotion ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • As a transcription factor, CHOP can regulate the expression of many anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes, including genes encoding the BCL2-family proteins, GADD34 and TRB-3. (wikipedia.org)
  • It forms heterodimers with other C/EBP family transcription factors via bZIP-domain interactions to inhibit the expression of genes responsive to C/EBP family transcription factors, while enhancing the expression of other genes containing a specific 12-14 bp DNA cis-acting element. (wikipedia.org)
  • A CCRCC prognostic model that involved 7 immune genes was further established to predict the survival probabilities of patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 100 genes ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The TEAD (1-4) transcription factors comprise the conserved TEA/ATTS DNA binding domain recognising the MCAT element in the promoters of muscle-specific genes. (nih.gov)
  • RNA-seq identifies a novel set of TEAD4 target genes encoding muscle structural and regulatory proteins and those required for the unfolded protein response. (nih.gov)
  • The AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is an RNA-binding protein, which can both stabilize and destabilize the transcripts of several cancer-related genes. (nature.com)
  • We develop a computational model for the hematopoietic erythroid-myeloid lineage decision, which is determined by a genetic switch involving the genes PU.1 and GATA-1. (lu.se)
  • However, prior to commitment, it has been cells, it is evident that GATA-1 and PU.1 are able to specify observed that many genes are expressed at intermediate or basal erythroid and myeloid cell fates (see [16] and references therein). (lu.se)
  • 1 In particular, morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs) have been used to block the expression of targeted genes in several invertebrate and vertebrate models. (cdc.gov)
  • Conversely, higher levels of BA and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are risk factors for inflammation and cancer of the colon. (cancerindex.org)
  • 2008. Low-dose dietary chlorophyll inhibits multi-organ carcinogenesis in the rainbow trout. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • How it acts at the molecular level to inhibit or delay carcinogenesis in the colon, however, is not understood. (aacrjournals.org)
  • p53 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (Mdm2) is an important negative regulator of p53. (molvis.org)
  • Previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin at a dose of 100 mg/kg orally in mice and 60 mg/kg in rats reduced concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inhibited oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity [ 7 ] [ 8 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • A but the transactivation potential is inhibited [17]. (lu.se)
  • We report that, in addition to direct inhibitory effects on endothelial cell growth, UCN-01 abrogates hypoxia-mediated transactivation of HIF-1-responsive promoters in a prostate cancer cell line. (karger.com)
  • CHOP can downregulate the expressions of anti-apoptotic BCL2 proteins, and upregulate the expression of proapoptotic proteins (BIM, BAK and BAX expression). (wikipedia.org)
  • Survivin is a 16 kDa anti-apoptotic protein highly expressed during fetal development and cancer cell malignancy (3). (cellsignal.com)
  • Thus, ATF6 activates the transcription of both CHOP and XBP-1, while XBP-1 can also upregulate the expression of CHOP. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results demonstrated that PPII treatment significantly inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion, increased the expression level of E‑cadherin and decreased the levels of N‑cadherin, snail family transcriptional repressor 2, twist family bHLH transcription factor 1, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 2 and MMP9 compared with those in the control group (untreated cells). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We found that Ca 2+ and/or 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 stimulated CaSR promoter activity and CaSR protein expression in the human colon carcinoma CBS cells, which possessed a functional CaSR. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 was weaker in its effect on E-cadherin and was not able to inhibit TCF4 expression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Extracellular Ca 2+ and 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 are potential candidates involved in regulating CaSR expression in the colon and the chemopreventive actions of Ca 2+ and 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 in colon cancer may be mediated, in part, through the CaSR. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Disturbance in the interval between the HBS1L and MYB suppresses MYB expression and gives rise to the increased level of Hb F [7]. (scirp.org)
  • Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 in wild-type cells inhibits proliferation and reduces expression of stem cell transcription factors. (wikidoc.org)
  • Accordingly, the expression levels of PDGF (3-folds), Rac1 (1.6-folds), NF-κB (7-folds) and AngII (12-folds) significantly increased in the TAC group compared to the SHAM group, and these levels were also reduced by 25% to 64% with following drug intervention. (medsci.org)
  • Organic dust inhibits surfactant protein expression by reducing thyroid transcription factor-1 levels in human lung epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • It was verified that the risk score constructed by 7 GNG7-related regulators might be used as an independent prognostic risk factor for CCRCC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In occurs through the inhibition of DNA binding of cognate cis- hematopoiesis there exist several lineage branch points with regulatory motif while in the other case DNA binding is unaffected identified key transcription factors and external signals [3-5]. (lu.se)
  • Recent advances suggest that an age-related decline in proteostasis capacity allows the manifestation of various protein-aggregation diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. (nature.com)
  • Most of the anti-angiogenic agents approved for cancer treatment rely on targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) actions, as VEGF signaling is considered the main angiogenesis promotor. (mdpi.com)
  • Since hypoxia activates hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1)-dependent transcription in cancer cells that, in a paracrine fashion, drive tumor angiogenesis, we investigated the effects of UCN-01 on HIF-1-responsive promoter constructs. (karger.com)
  • 2004. Activator protein 2alpha associates with adenomatous polyposis coli/beta-catenin and Inhibits beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity in colorectal cancer cells. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • Because protein molecules are highly dynamic, constant chaperone surveillance is required to ensure protein homeostasis (proteostasis). (nature.com)
  • Our research efforts on developing chemical probes include design and synthesis of small molecules targeting EPAC, which are exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP including cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors. (utmb.edu)
  • A comparative analysis was performed in the present study in TNBC (HCC1143) and non‑TNBC (MCF‑7) cell lines to explore the effect of 3‑BrPA on energy metabolism in TNBC cells and to investigate the possible mechanism of action. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • On the other hand, ATF-3 is rapidly induced in cells treated with growth stimulators such as serum and growth factors [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This molecule could inhibit protein-protein interaction between the E3 ubiquitin ligase VHL and the HIF-1α transcription factor, a process that triggers a set of similar processes, in a totally selective and controlled manner, in cells under hypoxic conditions, meaning those lacking oxygen. (biocat.cat)
  • According to Carlos Galdeano, the work verifies "for the first time" that the E3 ligase VHL protein can be modified with drugs and that VH298 is able to boost erythropoietin hormone levels (EPO) in cells, increasing the number of red blood cells, which transport oxygen. (biocat.cat)
  • On the other hand, AUF1 downregulation with specific siRNA inhibited EMT and reduced the stemness features in breast cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • Pre-clinical studies have shown antihypertensive and diuretic effects (5,6) and in vitro assays using culture cells revealed anti-adipogenic effects of T. majus extracts (7). (alies.pt)
  • Additionally, CD47 blocking antibodies inhibit proliferation of unstimulated astrocytoma cells but not normal astrocytes. (wikidoc.org)
  • Galiellalactone Inhibits Stem Cell-Like ALDH-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells. (lu.se)
  • Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a recombinant Protein A-PCNA fusion protein, or with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Cys60 of human Survivin. (cellsignal.com)
  • 2011. Dietary factors and epigenetic regulation for prostate cancer prevention. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • This gene encodes a protein with protease activity and is expressed in the placenta. (cancerindex.org)
  • Feng X, Wang P, Liu Q, Zhang T, Mai B and Wang X: Glycolytic inhibitors 2-deoxyglucose and 3-bromopyruvate synergize with photodynamic therapy respectively to inhibit cell migration. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • 7 TNF-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors can be widely used for all these disease conditions. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • We are also working on the discovery of DeltaFosB inhibitors, neurexin modulators, and FGF14/Nav1.6 channel complex protein-protein interaction inhibitors as CNS probes and potential therapeutics. (utmb.edu)
  • Introduction and Objective: Because L-PRP constitutes an important source of growth factor that is associated with osteogenesis and fibrogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-PRP on the presence of collagen III and MMP-2 and MMP-9, while comparing these results by means of a histomorphometric analysis of bone matrix and fibrous deposition on bone repair. (bvsalud.org)
  • Regardless of this justification, some studies have demonstrated negative action of L-PRP on osteogenesis 1,10,16,18 at the same time that fibrosis is produced 5,6 generating conflict about the real clinical effect of L-PRP in bone reparative sites. (bvsalud.org)
  • The proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) makes a great contribution to immune system regulation, being involved in cell growth and proliferation upon binding with its receptor. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • 1] Imbalance and malnutrition can compromise the immune system and increase the risk of preventable chronic diseases. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • 1] In last decades, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension increased significantly, especially in industrial countries. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • Therefore, PPE and PPII may have antimetastatic effects and PPII may serve as a potential therapeutic option for inhibiting bladder cancer metastasis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Human bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, with ~550,000 new diagnosed cases annually ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ca 2+ is a chemopreventive agent for colon cancer (6, 7) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • p53 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in preventing cancer development. (molvis.org)
  • The effects of TMZ and KC7F2 on cancer cell viability and proliferation were investigated by WST-1 method. (researchsquare.com)
  • Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in females worldwide, with nearly 25% of all new cancer cases and 15% of all cancer deaths 1 . (nature.com)
  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and the third most common type of cancer ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Several risk factors and pathologies, including ageing, smoking, obesity and diabetes have been associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
  • 2009. Activator protein 2alpha suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in the Apc(min) mouse. . (oregonstate.edu)
  • Recombinant human BMP-2 and BMP-7 are used clinically to augment bone formation in spinal fusion and many other applications in which bone induction is desired [ 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • The human parathyroid calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) senses minute changes in extracellular Ca 2+ concentration and functions to tightly regulate systemic Ca 2+ homeostasis (1) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from cFos protein human, rat, mouse, hamster and cat. (biosensis.com)
  • ER stress also stimulates transmembrane protein IRE1α activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD47 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 47) also known as integrin associated protein (IAP) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the CD47 gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • TRB3 pseudokinase is upregulated by the ER stress-inducible transcriptional factor, ATF4-CHOP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. (cellsignal.com)
  • TAK1 adaptor proteins, TAB2 and TAB3, link the signalosome to B-cell receptor-induced IKK activation. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • In contrast, the activation of disheveled (Dvl) protein, which breaks down the degradation complex, results in β-catenin dephosphorylation and can be transferred to the nucleus. (researchsquare.com)
  • Many recent studies in both animal models and humans have revealed that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation is one of the most vital mechanisms involved in atrial fibrosis [ 1 , 4 ] . (medsci.org)
  • It is generally orchestrated by higher levels of TGF‑β1 14 , simultaneously inhibiting ECM degradation by suppressing metalloproteinase, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 20 . (bvsalud.org)
  • However, except non-primate species often do not mour viruses is often problematic, for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which accurately reflect the mechanism of Part 1 · Chapter 9. (who.int)