OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
AtovaquoneNaphthoquinonesProguanilSulfadiazineCytochromes bAntimalarialsPneumocystisPropyl GallateParasitic Sensitivity TestsPneumonia, PneumocystisSuspensionsPlasmodium falciparumDrug ResistanceTrimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole CombinationCoccidiostatsToxoplasmosis, CerebralMalaria, FalciparumElectron Transport Complex IIIDapsonePiroplasmidaDrug CombinationsAntifungal AgentsPolarographyCytochrome c GroupEncyclopedias as TopicCytochrome b GroupCytochromesCytochromes cUbiquinone
ProguanilQuinineDihydroorotate dehydrogenaseCytochromeSuggest that atovaquoneAntiparasitic drugMefloquineParasiteElectron transportNucleic acidChloroquineMetabolicInhibitionAlbendazoleIntracellularPyrimethamineMepronClindamycinSynthesisPlasmodiumInfectionBabesiaProliferationViralProteinCompoundsInhibitorConcentrationsSubunitPatientsGrowthFormationCombinationActivityInteractTreatmentFunction
Proguanil21
Quinine2
  • A combination of an antiprotozoal agent and an antibiotic-clindamycin plus quinine or, alternatively, atovaquone plus azithromycin-is used to treat all patients in order to prevent sequelae and potential transmission through blood donation. (medscape.com)
  • Quinine inhibits the growth of the parasite by increasing the pH within intracellular organelles and possibly by intercalating itself into the parasite's DNA. (medscape.com)
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase2
  • Atovaquone was suggested to exert its activity through inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. (bvsalud.org)
  • LEF blocks lymphocyte proliferation and hence the clonal expansion of autoreactive T cells in RA patients by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), the mitochondrial rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine ribonucleotides [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytochrome5
  • Atovaquone (ATQ) exerts its action by inhibiting plasmodial mitochondria electron transport at the level of the cytochrome bc1 complex. (unl.pt)
  • Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone that inhibits the mitochondrial electron transport chain by competing with ubiquinone at the ubiquinone-cytochrome-c-reductase region (complex III). (medscape.com)
  • MemProtMD simulation of Structural analysis of atovaquone-inhibited cytochrome bc1 complex reveals the molecular basis of antimalarial drug action in a lipid bilayer at both coarse-grained and atomistic respresentation, including both file download and analysis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The antimalarial drug atovaquone is known to inhibit the Qo-site of the cytochrome bc1 complex of P. falciparum, which ultimately blocks ATP synthesis, leading to cell death. (sdu.dk)
  • Through the years, mutations of the P. falciparum cytochrome bc1 complex, causing resistance to atovaquone, have emerged. (sdu.dk)
Suggest that atovaquone2
  • Taken together, these studies suggest that atovaquone could be a broad-spectrum antiviral drug and a potential attractive candidate for the prophylaxis or treatment of arbovirus infection in vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and children. (nyu.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that atovaquone would be a potential candidate for treating mpox. (bvsalud.org)
Antiparasitic drug1
  • In this study, we show that the common antiparasitic drug, atovaquone, inhibits arbovirus replication through intracellular nucleotide depletion and can impair ZIKV infection in an ex vivo human placental explant model. (nyu.edu)
Mefloquine2
  • RESULTS: Atovaquone, mefloquine, and molnupiravir exhibited anti-MPXV activity, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 0.51-5.2 µM, which was more potent than cidofovir. (bvsalud.org)
  • Whereas mefloquine was suggested to inhibit viral entry, atovaquone and molnupiravir targeted postentry processes. (bvsalud.org)
Parasite4
  • These agents inhibit growth by concentrating within acid vesicles of the parasite, increasing the internal pH of the organism. (medscape.com)
  • They also inhibit hemoglobin utilization and parasite metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Artemether-lumefantrine disrupts the mitochondrial membrane, inhibits nucleic acid and protein synthesis of the Plasmodium parasite. (medmastery.com)
  • Many existing antimalarials possess lost efficacy due to proteins mutations that inhibit binding either with their focus on protein or even to parasite transporters [11]. (bibf1120.com)
Electron transport1
  • Inhibition of electron transport by atovaquone results in inhibition of nucleic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis in the parasites. (medscape.com)
Nucleic acid1
  • Lumefantrine's precise mechanism of action is unknown, but available data suggests that it inhibits nucleic acid and protein synthesis. (medmastery.com)
Chloroquine2
  • according to the results of the mtt assay, chloroquine diphosphate dose- and time-dependently inhibited proliferation of 4t1 cells. (lafulana.org.ar)
  • Which doctors still use today, inhibiting pHdependent steps of the replication of several infections including users of the flaviviruses Chloroquine exerts immediate antiviral results Anticoagulants Mumbai 400002 Both of these subjects were protocol violators Or nevirapine to protect against interactions The. (kathleenssugarandspice.com)
Metabolic3
  • Atovaquone may inhibit metabolic enzymes, which in turn inhibits the growth of microorganisms. (medscape.com)
  • Multidrug tolerance results from drug-induced quiescence, which enables parasites to survive exposure to unrelated antimalarial drugs that inhibit a variety of metabolic pathways. (cdc.gov)
  • hence metabolic processes are inhibited, further growth of plasmodium does not take place. (howmed.net)
Inhibition2
  • Moreover, we were able to complement viral replication and virion production with the addition of exogenous pyrimidine nucleosides indicating that atovaquone is functioning through the inhibition of the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway to inhibit viral replication. (nyu.edu)
  • The present investigation applies molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study how the specific mutations Y279S and L282V, known to cause atovaquone resistance in malarial parasites, affect the inhibition mechanism of two known inhibitors. (sdu.dk)
Albendazole1
  • It has been shown that albendazole inhibits angiogenesis by inhibiting NF-κB activation and reducing MMP-2 production. (fenbenmed.com)
Intracellular1
  • which demonstrated STAD-2 peptides had been cell permeable in a 934660-94-3 variety of mammalian cell lines and impressive at inhibiting the intracellular discussion between strains CS2, 3D7, Hb3, and Dd2 had been maintained in constant culture regarding to routine strategies. (bibf1120.com)
Pyrimethamine1
  • Atovaquone in conjunction with pyrimethamine (and leucovorin), atovaquone in conjunction with sulfadiazine, or atovaquone alone are alternative regimens for treatment of toxoplasmosis † [off-label] in HIV-infected adults and adolescents when regimen of choice and preferred alternative cannot be used. (drugs.com)
Mepron2
  • Atovaquone (Mepron) is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (an infection that commonly attacks people with weak immune systems such as HIV/AIDS). (canadianprescriptiondrugstore.com)
  • Mepron belongs to a drug class called antiprotozoals and it works by inhibiting the reproduction and growth of the fungus causing the infection. (canadianprescriptiondrugstore.com)
Clindamycin1
Synthesis5
  • It inhibits bacterial growth, possibly by blocking dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes, causing RNA-dependent protein synthesis to arrest. (medscape.com)
  • In fact, it was demonstrated that LAP has potent antitumoral activity which was characterized by its ability to inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis in neoplastic cells [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • they inhibit bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, suppressing RNA synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome, they inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Phosphorylation of eIF2α on Ser51 inhibits 5' cap-dependent mRNA translation, resulting in the global suppression of protein synthesis to facilitate adaptation to a variety of stresses linked to protein synthesis, including proteotoxic stress, viral replication, heme depletion and amino acid withdrawal [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Plasmodium1
  • Inhibits heme polymerase enzyme, toxic heme is retained which is fatal to plasmodium. (howmed.net)
Infection2
  • We found that atovaquone was able to inhibit ZIKV and chikungunya virus virion production in human cells and that this antiviral effect occurred early during infection at the initial steps of viral RNA replication. (nyu.edu)
  • Finally, using an ex vivo human placental tissue model, we found that atovaquone could limit ZIKV infection in a dose-dependent manner providing evidence that atovaquone may function as an antiviral in humans. (nyu.edu)
Babesia1
  • Further epidemiological survey for atovaquone resistant related gene of Babesia gibsoni in Japan during 2015-2018. (obihiro.ac.jp)
Proliferation2
  • We found that LAP is a potent DHODH inhibitor which had a remarkable ability to inhibit both human and murine lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings propose a binding model of interaction and support the ability of LAP to inhibit DHODH, decreasing lymphocyte proliferation and attenuating the severity of experimental autoimmune arthritis. (biomedcentral.com)
Viral2
  • Our study provides a novel function for atovaquone and highlights that the rediscovery of pregnancy-acceptable drugs with potential antiviral effects can be the key to better addressing the immediate need for treating viral infections and preventing potential birth complications and future disease. (nyu.edu)
  • Quantitative mathematical simulations predicted that atovaquone can promote viral clearance in patients by 7 days at clinically relevant drug concentrations. (bvsalud.org)
Protein1
  • BKIs inhibit the apicomplexan calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (CDPK1) selectively due to the small gatekeeper residue in the CDPK1 ATP binding site that allows the BKI access, while larger residues in mammalian kinases block BKIs from binding [5]. (iassist2012.org)
Compounds1
  • B BCRP-mediated transport of E1S was significantly inhibited by all compounds, most pronounced inhibitors were MQ and ATO. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibitor2
  • In this study, we addressed the antiviral role of atovaquone, a FDA Pregnancy Category C drug and pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor used for the prevention and treatment of parasitic infections. (nyu.edu)
  • Uses: Cyclohexanone oxime is used as a cathode inhibitor to inhibit the corrosion of aluminum in hydrochloric acid. (zhishangchemical.com)
Concentrations1
  • Although 50% inhibitory concentrations for 10 antimalarial drugs tested were unchanged, drug-tolerant parasites showed higher recrudescence rates for endoperoxides, quinolones, and an antifolate, including partner drugs of recommended combination therapies, but remained susceptible to atovaquone. (cdc.gov)
Subunit1
  • It inhibits microtubule polymerization by binding to the β-tubulin subunit and preventing tubulin assembly into microtubules. (fenbenmed.com)
Patients2
  • Although efficacy and safety not established in pediatric patients and data limited regarding use in children, CDC, NIH, IDSA, and AAP state atovaquone also can be considered an alternative for treatment of mild to moderate PCP in HIV-infected children † [off-label] when co-trimoxazole cannot be used. (drugs.com)
  • Atovaquone absorption may be reduced in patients with diarrhea or vomiting. (nih.gov)
Growth2
  • Nullscript inhibits Cryptosporidium and Toxoplasma growth. (obihiro.ac.jp)
  • Targeted therapies exploit molecular vulnerabilities unique to cancer cells and typically alter cellular signaling pathways to inhibit tumorigenic growth and promote cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation1
  • Milbemycin inhibits lipid IIA biosynthesis in target cells, preventing the formation of the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer needed for normal cellular function. (fenbenmed.com)
Combination1
  • It is administered in combination with atovaquone to treat mild-to-moderate microbial infections. (medscape.com)
Activity2
  • MQ significantly inhibited MRP1 and MRP3 transport activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the molecular mechanisms associated with these effects remaining poorly elucidated, it has been described that LAP and other naphthoquinones derivatives, such as lawsone and atovaquone, can inhibit DHODH activity [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Interact2
  • This may inhibit the full experience of or your ability to interact with our website. (touchwoodpharmacy.com)
  • Molecular flexible docking studies and bioactivity assays were performed to determine the ability of LAP to interact and inhibit DHODH. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment2
  • Atovaquone used alone is one of several alternatives recommended by CDC, NIH, and IDSA for treatment of mild to moderate PCP in HIV-infected adults and adolescents when co-trimoxazole cannot be used. (drugs.com)
  • Since inhibiting MLCK with ML-7 was therefore efficient in preventing the internalisation pathway, this focus on can be employed for the introduction of a fresh treatment for FIPV. (conferencedequebec.org)
Function1