SynthesisApoptosisReplicationViralOxidative stressMitogen-activaSerineTransfectionTumor growthVitroSecretionKinase InhibitorsReceptorInflammationIntracellularInhibitionBindsExpressionTherapeutic proteinsMiceCellularGeneInfectionCellMAPKSecretory proteinPromotesToxinsIndirectlyMRNAPeptidesDrugsDependentAccumulationInsulinCompoundsPathwaysActivationMurineTyrosineInducesAntigenMyoblastsProgressionStronglyDiseaseSurvivalAdditionallyHumanAbstractImportant
Synthesis11
- LANA2 also counteracted the PKR-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis and partially blocked PKR-induced phosphorylation of eIF-2alpha. (nih.gov)
- Lactam antibiotics inactivate penicillin-binding protein thus inhibiting cell wall synthesis a process that results in bacterial cell death. (immune-source.com)
- PINK1 Inhibits Local Protein Synthesis to Limit Transmission of Deleterious Mitochondrial DNA Mutations. (nih.gov)
- The mitochondrial outer membrane protein MDI promotes local protein synthesis and mtDNA replication. (nih.gov)
- Gemcitabine displayed a significant reduction of infectious EV-A71 titres by 2.5 logs PFU/mL and was shown to target the early stage of EV-A71 viral RNA and viral protein synthesis process especially via inhibition of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase. (nature.com)
- We have purified a 52 kd protein, AP-2, that binds to enhancer regions of SV40 and human metallothionein IIA (hMT IIA) and stimulates RNA synthesis from these promoters in vitro. (psu.edu)
- 2007). It can facilitate muscle protein synthesis in post-operative patients (Wernerman et al. (researchgate.net)
- It is a nitrogen scavenger and a source of glutamate and glutamine that stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation in muscles. (researchgate.net)
- AKG can decrease protein catabolism and increase protein synthesis to enhance bone tissue formation in the skeletal muscles and can be used in clinical applications. (researchgate.net)
- Deoxynivalenol affects cell metabolism in vivo and inhibits protein synthesis in IPEC-1 cells. (cabi.org)
- In the body, these toxins inhibit protein synthesis leading to cell death. (cdc.gov)
Apoptosis8
- However, expression of LANA2 inhibited apoptosis triggered by PKR. (nih.gov)
- Furthermore, hepatic Fgl2, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression was obviously downregulated together with fibrin deposition, and hepatocyte apoptosis was reduced after administration of CC10 protein. (frontiersin.org)
- Jia L, Gu W, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Qiao X, Wen Y. Activated Yes-Associated Protein Accelerates Cell Cycle, Inhibits Apoptosis, and Delays Senescence in Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. (medsci.org)
- To provide insight into the biological effects of activated Yes-associated protein (YAP) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence of human periodontal ligament stem cells (h-PDLSCs). (medsci.org)
- Activated YAP promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and delays senescence of h-PDLSCs. (medsci.org)
- Upregulated miR-340 levels by mimics transfection significantly inhibited the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells proliferation, invasion and migration, and induced more cell apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
- Calcium-binding protein 1 (CaBP1) is placed in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.it is relocated outside cells during apoptosis and involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Porcine β-defensin-2 alleviates AFB1-induced intestinal mucosal injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. (cabi.org)
Replication3
- Isolated from an alga species, the mechanism of action of these compounds is through the inhibition of bacterial cytoskeletal protein FtsZ, an enzyme necessary for the replication of bacteria. (nih.gov)
- Another German group reported in July evidence backing TMPRSS2's importance in infection and that SARS-CoV-2 replication was strongly inhibited by a synthetic furin inhibitor, MI-1851, in human airway cells. (the-scientist.com)
- We recently demonstrated that human p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors reduced in vitro and in vivo replication of the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi. (montclair.edu)
Viral7
- Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) is a pro-coagulant protein that is substantially induced in macrophages upon viral infection, and Fgl2 depletion represses murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3) infection. (frontiersin.org)
- The mice received CC10 protein through tail vein injection before viral infection. (frontiersin.org)
- In contrast, sequence-specific binding of AP-2 to SV40 and hMT IIA DNA is inhibited by the viral repressor protein T antigen. (psu.edu)
- During infection, the coat protein (CP), which is delivered by viral particles into susceptible host cells, provides protection for viral RNA. (oncotarget.com)
- However, few studies have focused on the use of viral coat proteins (CPs) and their assembly as potential targets for infection control [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
- Viral spike proteins rely on protein-chomping enzymes, proteases, to re-shape them for cellular entry. (the-scientist.com)
- Then, another protease must cut the spike protein and initiate viral fusion with the cell membrane. (the-scientist.com)
Oxidative stress5
- To determine the effect of oxidative stress and acetaminophen on inflammatory protein release from neurons, cerebral cortical cultures were exposed to 5 μM of menadione for 4 h, the supernant collected and assayed by ELISA for the presence of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα. (medscape.com)
- To elucidate whether oxidative stress induces denaturation of SNARE proteins, and whether vitamin E can counteract this process, changes in the expression of synaptobrevin, synaptotagmin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin-1 in rat brain nerve terminals were analyzed using an immunoblotting method. (elsevierpure.com)
- In the absence of oxidative stress, vitamin E-deficient rats exhibited similar decreases in these proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
- In contrast, it was found that decreases in SNARE proteins, except for SNAP-25, were not observed in vitamin E-supplemented rats, even when the rats were subjected to oxidative stress. (elsevierpure.com)
- These results suggest that reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative stress are detrimental to neurons, resulting in the oxidation of SNARE proteins, thereby disrupting neurotransmission. (elsevierpure.com)
Mitogen-activa1
- 2011). but suppresses osteoclastic activities by inhibiting the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and calcium signaling cascades. (eprf.ca)
Serine2
Transfection2
- Transfection assays showed that ZIKV NS4B inhibits IRFs activation involved in different nucleic acid sensing cascades. (bvsalud.org)
- In this study, we determined the effect of Smad7 siRNA transfection in inhibiting the expression of ECM components. (molvis.org)
Tumor growth1
- Meanwhile, miR-340 inhibited the tumor growth in an orthotopic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer mouse model. (jcancer.org)
Vitro5
- In vitro , CC10 was found to significantly inhibit the expression of Fgl2 in IFN-γ-treated THP-1 cells and MHV-3-infected mouse peritoneal macrophages by western blot and real-time PCR. (frontiersin.org)
- Protein-bound polysaccharide K (PSK) is a biological response modifier that can modulate the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
- In vitro studies show that human U1A protein binds to two sites within the conserved region that resemble, in part, the previously characterized UlA-binding site on U1 snRNA. (researchwithrutgers.com)
- In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that excess UIA protein specifically inhibits polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs that contain the conserved 3′ UTR from human UlA mRNA. (researchwithrutgers.com)
- Furthermore, T antigen inhibits AP-2-dependent transcriptional activation of the hMT IIA promoter in vitro. (psu.edu)
Secretion6
- In this study, we revealed the secretion mechanism of transforming growth factor β-induced protein (TGFBIp) that was recently identified as a therapeutic target for sepsis, and designed TGFBIp acetylation inhibitory peptide (TAIP) that suppresses acetylation of lysine 676 in TGFBIp. (physiciansweekly.com)
- Oral diazoxide inhibits pancreatic secretion of insulin, stimulates glucose release from the liver, and stimulates catecholamine release, which elevates blood glucose levels. (medscape.com)
- Octreotide is a peptide with pharmacologic action similar to that of somatostatin, which inhibits insulin secretion. (medscape.com)
- PO diazoxide (Proglycem) opens KATP channels and inhibits insulin secretion. (medscape.com)
- Next, we found that APC promoted sAPPα and CTFα release and inhibited sAPPβ and CTFβ release, thereby indicating that APC could regulate Aβ secretion by shifting APP processing from the amyloidogenic pathway toward the nonamyloidogenic pathway. (nih.gov)
- Correspondingly, further study revealed that ADAM-10 expression was increased by APC, suggesting that APC inhibits Aβ secretion through stimulating activity of α-secretase. (nih.gov)
Kinase Inhibitors1
- The toxicity data of protein kinase inhibitors in humans is also well established [5]. (who.int)
Receptor8
- HtrA1 inhibited signaling by Bmp4, Bmp2, and Tgfbeta1 in C2C12 cells, presumably by preventing receptor activation. (nih.gov)
- This protein also regulates calcium-dependent activity of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors, P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels, and transient receptor potential channel TRPC5. (wikipedia.org)
- The process of fusing synaptic plasma membranes and synaptic vesicles involves particular proteins, such as the soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins for docking both membranes, and is integral to neurotransmission. (elsevierpure.com)
- We used the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) biosensor, the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of PLCδ1 (phospholipase C) tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP-PH PLCδ ), to examine muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh) receptor regulation of phospholipase C/IP 3 signaling in intact single hippocampal neurons in "real time. (jneurosci.org)
- Inhibition of endogenous GRK6 (G-protein-coupled receptor kinase) activity, by the introduction of catalytically inactive K215R GRK6, partially reversed the attenuation of agonist-induced responsiveness, whereas overexpression of wild-type GRK6 increased receptor desensitization. (jneurosci.org)
- Manipulation of endogenous GRK2 activity through introduction of either wild-type or catalytically inactive GRK2 ( K220R GRK2) almost completely inhibited agonist-stimulated IP 3 production, implying a phosphorylation-independent regulation of M 1 mACh receptor signaling, most probably mediated by a GRK2 N-terminal RGS-like (regulator of G-protein signaling) domain interaction with GTP-bound Gα q/11 . (jneurosci.org)
- Ferguson, 2001 ), brought about by GRKs (G-protein-coupled receptor kinases) and second-messenger-regulated kinases, respectively. (jneurosci.org)
- Receptor phosphorylation may attenuate signaling per se and/or may facilitate recruitment of arrestin proteins ( Krupnick and Benovic, 1998 ). (jneurosci.org)
Inflammation2
- The protein production of CCN2 was increased in C2C12 myoblasts treated with tumor necrosis factor-α, which is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, suggesting its role in muscle regeneration after inflammation. (escholarship.org)
- Catheter use elicits bladder inflammation, releasing host serum-proteins, including fibrinogen, into the bladder, which deposit on the urinary catheter. (sciety.org)
Intracellular1
- In addition, cells were incubated with ( R,R ′)-fenoterol and analogs to determine their ability to stimulate intracellular cAMP accumulation and inhibit [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation into the cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Inhibition2
- Here, we studied the role of Zika virus ( ZIKV ) NS4B protein in the inhibition of IFN-I induction pathway and its biophysical interaction with host proteins . (bvsalud.org)
- Thus, U1 A protein regulates the production of its own mRNA via a mechanism that involves pre-mRNA binding and inhibition of polyadenylation. (researchwithrutgers.com)
Binds2
- The GST-pulldown assay showed that HtrA1 binds to a broad range of Tgfbeta family proteins, including Bmp4, Gdf5, Tgfbetas and activin. (nih.gov)
- The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein binds to host cells to initiate infection. (eurekalert.org)
Expression9
- Roundup inhibits steroidogenesis by disrupting steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein expression. (nih.gov)
- Enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-labeled lentiviral vector was used to activate YAP in h-PDLSCs, then qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression level of YAP. (medsci.org)
- In accordance with these findings, the gene expression levels of myosin heavy chain, which is a marker of terminally differentiated myoblasts and desmin, which is the main intermediate filament protein of muscle cells, were decreased by rCCN2 treatment. (escholarship.org)
- Protein expression of Smad7, fibronectin, and laminin was determined using western blot. (molvis.org)
- In t5he present study, we determined effect of Smad7 siRNA in inhibiting the expression of ECM components, including fibronectin and laminin in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. (molvis.org)
- Expression of inflammatory mediators is tightly regulated by the upstream transcriptional pathway mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and activated protein-1 (AP-1). (tmu.edu.tw)
- However, the mechanism regulating this change of expression is still unknown, and previous studies showed that GSTZ1 mRNA levels did not correlate with GSTZ1 protein expression. (aspetjournals.org)
- There was an inverse correlation of miR-376c-3p and GSTZ1 protein expression in the liver samples. (aspetjournals.org)
- Using cell culture, we confirmed that miR-376c-3p could downregulate GSTZ1 protein expression. (aspetjournals.org)
Therapeutic proteins1
- When the word 'biotechnology' gets thrown around in the pharmaceutical industry, it often implies the biomanufacturing of biologic drugs, such as therapeutic proteins. (aol.com)
Mice1
- Vaccination with these proteins resulted in an impaired establishment of adult stages and consequently a reduction in the burden of mL1 in BALB/c mice. (westminster.ac.uk)
Cellular2
- Calcium binding proteins are an important component of calcium mediated cellular signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
- Exactly what the name implies: They treat diseases by blocking the function of naturally occurring proteins or cellular pathways in the body. (aol.com)
Gene5
- The BRAF gene has the code to produce the BRAF protein, which helps ensure cells to grow and die normally. (cancer.org)
- Calcium binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CABP1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein that attributes for CABP1 Gene is homodimer. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a subfamily of calcium binding proteins which share similarity to calmodulin. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene regulates the gating of voltage-gated calcium ion channels. (wikipedia.org)
Infection3
- Trichinella spiralis muscle stage larvae (mL1) produce excretory-secreted products (ESPs), a complex mixture of protein, which are believed to be important for establishing or maintaining an infection niche within skeletal muscle and the intestine. (westminster.ac.uk)
- This suggests that both proteins may be important for establishment of parasite infection of the intestine and are prophylactic vaccine candidates. (westminster.ac.uk)
- Temporarily inhibiting those enzymes might stymie infection. (the-scientist.com)
Cell7
- Protein tyrosine kinase regulates cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and signaling processes in cells of the immune system. (ageless.co.za)
- Clara cell 10 kDa (CC10) protein is a secretory protein with anti-inflammatory properties in allergic rhinitis and asthma. (frontiersin.org)
- However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-340 inhibited cell growth and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have not been well elucidated. (jcancer.org)
- U118 cells have a reduced number of β 2 -ARs and a concomitant reduction in the ability of β 2 -AR agonists to inhibit cell proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
- The French group concluded that cell-cell fusion is a feature of severe COVID-19 and is facilitated by TMPRSS2 , another protease involved in snipping the spike protein. (the-scientist.com)
- Testing various designs in cell culture, Rory D. de Vries and colleagues identified one particularly effective lipopeptide against SARS-CoV-2, which also inhibited binding by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, including B.1.1.7 and B.1.351. (eurekalert.org)
- There are four proteins in the Janus kinase family -- JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 -- that transcend the cell membrane to pass information from the immune system into the heart of cells. (aol.com)
MAPK1
- These results suggest that pyridinylimidazoles and pyrrolobenzimidazoles designed to inhibit human p38 MAPK activation can be developed to treat malaria. (montclair.edu)
Secretory protein1
- Because HtrA1 is a secretory protein and has another functional domain with homology to follistatin, we examined whether HtrA1 functions as an antagonist of Tgfbeta family proteins. (nih.gov)
Promotes2
- CCN family protein 2 (CCN2) promotes the early differentiation, but inhibits the terminal differentiation of skeletal myoblasts. (escholarship.org)
- These findings indicate that CCN2 promotes proliferation and early differentiation but inhibits the terminal differentiation of myoblasts, thus suggesting that CCN2 plays a physiological role in myogenesis. (escholarship.org)
Toxins1
- In conclusion, this study shows that several uremic toxins inhibit active transport by MRP4 and BCRP at clinically relevant concentrations. (rug.nl)
Indirectly1
- Johnson & Johnson's biologic Stelara , which inhibits TNF-alpha indirectly by targeting interleukin, is quietly setting the standard for next generation immunology drugs. (aol.com)
MRNA2
- After YAP was activated by lentiviral vector, the mRNA and protein of YAP were highly expressed, and more YAP translocated into the nucleus. (medsci.org)
- Overexpression of human U1A protein in mouse cells results in down-regulation of endogenous mouse UlA mRNA accumulation. (researchwithrutgers.com)
Peptides3
- Small protein chains called peptides can be collected from what's filtered out and usually discarded to make a "library" encompassing more than 1 million different peptides from blood. (nih.gov)
- Tripeptidyl peptidase 1 acts as a peptidase, which means that it breaks down protein fragments, known as peptides, into their individual building blocks (amino acids). (medlineplus.gov)
- CLN2 disease is characterized by the accumulation of proteins or peptides and other substances in lysosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Drugs2
- Several FDA-approved drugs target this genetic defect and inhibit it, and they have been successful in increasing survival of people with melanoma. (cancer.org)
- Instead of simply inhibiting mutant proteins as other drugs do, PROTAC drugs help to destroy and remove them. (cancer.org)
Dependent2
- Calcium-binding protein 1 which is a neuron -specific member of the calmodulin (CaM) superfamily which modulates Ca2+-dependent activity of inositol trisphosphate receptors (InsP3RS). (wikipedia.org)
- This protein causes rapid inactivation that is independent of calcium, and does not support Calcium-dependent facilitation. (wikipedia.org)
Accumulation1
- There was a correlation between concentration required to stimulate cAMP accumulation and inhibit [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation. (aspetjournals.org)
Insulin1
- In refractory cases, cortisol and growth hormone have been used with variable rates of success to inhibit insulin effects. (medscape.com)
Compounds2
Pathways1
- Proteins in ERK, Bcl-2, and p53 signaling pathways were detected by Western blotting. (medsci.org)
Activation1
- Thus, CLIC4 could harness the activation or the open conformation of mDia2 to inhibit filopodium formation. (unimib.it)
Murine1
- Hl° accumulates in contact-inhibited cultured cells ( Pehrson & Cole, 1980 ), and in murine erythroleukaemia cells after induction of erythroid differentiation ( Osborne & Chabanas, 1984 ). (biologists.com)
Tyrosine3
- Resveratrol inhibit protein tyrosine kinase and degenerative diseases. (ageless.co.za)
- It is therefore helpful if a compound helps to mediate the action of protein tyrosine kinase, and with this, resveratrol has also proven to be most helpful. (ageless.co.za)
- Previous work has shown that hepatic levels of human glutathione transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1) protein, involved in tyrosine catabolism and responsible for metabolism of the investigational drug dichloroacetate, increase in cytosol after birth before reaching a plateau around age 7. (aspetjournals.org)
Induces1
- Many studies have reported that CCN family protein 2 (also known as connective tissue growth factor) induces fibrotic response in skeletal muscle, thus emphasizing the pathological role of CCN2 in muscle tissues. (escholarship.org)
Antigen1
- Instead, sedimentation studies suggest that protein-protein interactions between AP-2 and T antigen block AP-2 binding to DNA. (psu.edu)
Myoblasts2
- Recombinant CCN2 (rCCN2) promoted proliferation and MyoD production in C2C12 cells and primary myoblasts, but inhibited myogenin production. (escholarship.org)
- Therefore, the biological functions of H5 were investigated and compared with those of Hl (Hla + Hlb) by microinjection of the purified proteins into proliferating L6 rat myoblasts. (biologists.com)
Progression2
- Shi Z, Li Y, Qian X, Hu Y, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang J. MiR-340 Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression by Reversing EZH2 Mediated miRNAs Dysregulated Expressions. (jcancer.org)
- The results of rescue experiments further confirmed that miR-340 inhibited triple-negative breast cancer progression through targeting EZH2. (jcancer.org)
Strongly1
- A 58 KDa protein, reacting strongly with post-streptococcal sera, was identified as Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI), an abundant protein with pleiotropic metabolic, immunologic, and thrombotic effects. (sri.com)
Disease2
- Instead of the traditional pharmaceutical paradigm that focuses on blocking the function of a disease-causing protein, our new approach focuses on enlisting the cell's own quality-control machinery to eliminate the rogue protein. (cancer.org)
- We tested whether inhibiting D 5 R constitutive activity depresses burst firing and alleviates motor impairments in the 6-OHDA rat model of Parkinson's disease. (jneurosci.org)
Survival2
- Dual peptide-dendrimer conjugate inhibits acetylation of transforming growth factor β-induced protein and improves survival in sepsis. (physiciansweekly.com)
- However, many flaviviruses use non-structural proteins to evade immune sensing favoring their survival . (bvsalud.org)
Additionally1
- Additionally, we found that gemcitabine is competent to inhibit other positive-sense RNA viruses of the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae family. (nature.com)
Human2
- Human, mouse, and Xenopus mRNAs encoding the U1 snRNP-specific U1 A protein contain a conserved 47 nt region in their 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs). (researchwithrutgers.com)
- In May, a group at the Germany Primate Centre led by Stefan Pöhlmann reported that initial cleavage of the S1 and S2 subunits of the spike protein is essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into human lung cells and for the virus to fuse infected cells with other cells. (the-scientist.com)
Abstract1
- abstract = "Objectives We have previously shown that vasopressin could inhibit the upregulation of inflammatory mediators. (tmu.edu.tw)
Important5
- During embryo development, mouse HtrA1 was expressed in specific areas where signaling by Tgfbeta family proteins plays important regulatory roles. (nih.gov)
- Activated protein C (APC) is an important factor in the anticoagulant system. (nih.gov)
- Smad7 plays an important role in regulating the ECM protein in the aqueous outflow pathway. (molvis.org)
- Glutamine plays an important role in the interorgan flow of nitrogen (in ammonia genesis) and carbon between carbohydrates and proteins [20]. (researchgate.net)
- Neuronal G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in many aspects of brain function. (jneurosci.org)