CyclooxygenaseInhibit platelet aggregationInhibitsThromboxaneProstacyclinEndothelialAspirinPotentAnti-inflammatoryInflammationReceptorsAdjacent plateletsAdhesionAdenosine diphosphateEndotheliumThromboxanesInhibitorsAggregometerAggregabilityPulmonaryCortisolClinicallyClotDecreaseEnzymeProliferationFibrinogenVasodilationActivationSelectivePlasmaFactorEffectSignificantlyTissuesDeficiencyGlycoproteinBloodThrombinFunctionalVesselFunctionDosesIncrease
Cyclooxygenase5
- Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) has been proposed to generate prostaglandins that maintain organ function, protect the integrity of the gastric mucosa, and generate platelet-derived thromboxane responsible for platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. (medscape.com)
- Exposure of isolated bovine coronary arteries to high glucose (30 mmol/l d -glucose) but not to osmotic control mannitol (30 mmol/l) switched angiotensin II-stimulated prostacyclin (PGI 2 )-dependent relaxation into a persistent vasoconstriction that was sensitive to either indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, or SQ29548, a selective thromboxane receptor antagonist. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation by irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase and thus inhibiting the generation of thromboxane A2 a powerful inducer of platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. (medeasy.health)
- Nicotine limits the release of prostacyclin synthesis through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase. (rnspeak.com)
- this reaction requires platelet cyclooxygenase and is inhibited irreversibly by aspirin and reversibly by many NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). (msdmanuals.com)
Inhibit platelet aggregation2
- In fact, in addition to their potent vasodilating effect, EETs have potent anti-inflammatory properties, inhibit platelet aggregation, promote fibrinolysis, and reduce vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
- Additionally, studies have demonstrated its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce thrombus formation in mouse models of arterial thrombosis. (templarpharma.com)
Inhibits3
- It inhibits platelet activation and aggregation through the irreversible binding of its active metabolite to the P2Y12 class of ADP receptors on platelets. (medeasy.health)
- COX-2 in endothelial cells produces prostacyclin (PGI2) which inhibits platelet aggregation & causes vasodilatation, thus COX-2 inhibitors could be predicted to increase risk of thrombosis and thus ischaemic stroke and AMI, as well as the usual NSAID adverse effects on increasing BP, exacerbating CCF, & impairing renal function. (ozemedicine.com)
- It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. (lookformedical.com)
Thromboxane7
- Thromboxane-A synthase, an enzyme found in platelets, converts the arachidonic acid derivative prostaglandin H2 to thromboxane. (wikipedia.org)
- Thromboxane is a vasoconstrictor and a potent hypertensive agent, and it facilitates platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
- These "Sticky platelets" secrete several chemicals, including thromboxane A2 that stimulate vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow at the site. (wikipedia.org)
- Thromboxane A2 (TXA2), produced by activated platelets, has prothrombotic properties, stimulating activation of new platelets as well as increasing platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
- Thromboxane synthesis inhibitors, in turn, can be classified regarding which step in the synthesis they inhibit: The widely used drug aspirin acts by inhibiting the ability of the COX enzyme to synthesize the precursors of thromboxane within platelets. (wikipedia.org)
- Low-dose, long-term aspirin use irreversibly blocks the formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets, producing an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
- ADP, thromboxane A2, and other mediators induce activation and aggregation of additional platelets on the injured endothelium. (msdmanuals.com)
Prostacyclin1
- Various mechanisms, including endothelial cell nitric oxide and prostacyclin, promote blood fluidity by preventing platelet aggregation and dilating intact blood vessels. (msdmanuals.com)
Endothelial3
- Repetitive apneic episodes disrupt the normal physiologic function and trigger sympathetic activation, vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, increased platelet aggregability, and metabolic dysregulation. (hindawi.com)
- Initial platelet adhesion is to long strings of von Willebrand factor (VWF) that have been previously secreted by, and anchored to, stimulated endothelial cells. (msdmanuals.com)
- Coagulation factors interact on platelet and endothelial cell surfaces to produce thrombin , which converts fibrinogen to fibrin. (msdmanuals.com)
Aspirin2
- however, higher doses of aspirin are required to attain further inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
- aspirin 40mg permanently acetylates the enzyme so that one dose is sufficient to block this enzyme for the life of a platelet (8-11days) as plat. (ozemedicine.com)
Potent1
- It is a potent vasodilator in the systemic circulation, but leads to vasoconstriction in the pulmonary circulation. (wikilectures.eu)
Anti-inflammatory2
- NSAIDs & COX-2 inhibitors have analgesic & anti-inflammatory action via inhibition of COX-2 enzyme, this isoenzyme is massively up-regulated in inflammatory states such as RhA, so inhibiting it reduces inflammation. (ozemedicine.com)
- Specifically, the timely orchestration of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, based on the activation and inhibition of various cell types, such as tissue-resident cells and different types of immune cells, can significantly impact wound repair [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Inflammation4
- The result of NSAID-induced COX inhibition is decreased production of prostaglandins, which leads to decreased pain and inflammation. (medscape.com)
- The gingkolides appear to inhibit a key chemical mediator ( in asthma , allergies and inflammation ) -platelet activating factor-apparently preventing it from latching on to its membrane receptor. (rxmed.com)
- Too much serotonin in the body promotes inflammation, immune reactions, platelet aggregation (blood clotting), bone breakdown, vascular leakage and vasoconstriction as of other things ( R ). (men-elite.com)
- Free serotonin (released by platelets) is also able to promote the recruitment of neutrophils in acute inflammation. (men-elite.com)
Receptors3
- Circulating fibrinogen binds these receptors on adjacent platelets, further strengthening the clot. (wikipedia.org)
- VWF binds to receptors on the platelet surface membrane (glycoprotein Ib/IX). (msdmanuals.com)
- Platelet receptors for ADP include the P2Y12 receptor, which sends signals to suppress adenylate cyclase, decreases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, and promotes activation of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor (assembled on the activated platelet surface membrane from glycoproteins IIb and IIIa). (msdmanuals.com)
Adjacent platelets1
- Fibrinogen binds to the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complexes of adjacent platelets, connecting them into aggregates. (msdmanuals.com)
Adhesion1
- Shows inhibition of melanoma cells and proapoptotic effect, interfering with the adhesion mechanisms. (snakevenomdb.org)
Adenosine diphosphate1
- During activation, platelets release mediators of aggregation, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from storage granules. (msdmanuals.com)
Endothelium1
- Other possible pathogenic causes that have been suggested include an aggregation of platelets, an increase in the blood viscosity, and damage to the endothelium. (rnspeak.com)
Thromboxanes2
- The mechanism of secretion of thromboxanes from platelets is still unclear. (wikipedia.org)
- It is believed that the vasoconstriction caused by thromboxanes plays a role in Prinzmetal's angina. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibitors1
- This was also seen when preactivated platelets, which cannot undergo further morphological changes, were used, and when platelets were activated in the presence of shape-change inhibitors such as cytochalasin D and vincristine. (nature.com)
Aggregometer1
- The collagen-induced platelet aggregation of platelet-rich plasma samples from 14 healthy rabbits was measured turbidometrically using a platelet aggregometer, before and 1 hour after intravenous injection of alum. (who.int)
Aggregability1
- Platelet aggregometry is a standard clinical technique that measures the in vitro aggregability of platelets in response to agonists by using the amount of light transmitted through platelet-rich plasma (PRP) ( Holmsen, 1987 ). (nature.com)
Pulmonary3
- These drugs can be effective in reversing reactive pulmonary vasoconstriction and can, therefore, lower pulmonary vascular resistance, decrease afterload, reduce the right ventricle, and reduce right-to-left shunting. (medscape.com)
- Angiotensin II causes generalized vasoconstriction in the systemic and pulmonary circulation, but locally stimulates the release of vasodilators prostaglandins in the kidneys and lungs. (wikilectures.eu)
- ADH (antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin) has an antidiuretic effect and at the same time causes vasoconstriction, low concentrations of ADH lead to vasodilation in the coronary, cerebral and pulmonary arteries. (wikilectures.eu)
Cortisol2
- Stressors increase corticoreleasing hormone, adrenocorticoreleasing hormone, cortisol and prolactin and decrease prostaglandin E2 release and vasoconstriction induced/potentiated by angiotensin II, nitric oxide, acetylcholine and serotonin. (gremjournal.com)
- These factors include physical exertion, psychological stress, sexual activity, diurnal (daily) variations in cortisol and platelet aggregation and circannual (yearly) variations in lipids and infectious etiologies, exposure to pollution and or particulate matter, cocaine and ingestion of a recent fatty meal. (wikidoc.org)
Clinically1
- Magnesium -two clinically known beneficial forms critical to controlling the inhibition of vasospasm. (migrelief.com)
Clot1
- platelets and fibrin combine to form a clot. (msdmanuals.com)
Decrease5
- Because the initial decrease in light transmission in platelet aggregometry is attributed to platelet shape change, it is widely held that platelet shape change is a prerequisite for platelet aggregation. (nature.com)
- Transmission electron microscopy was used to support the interpretation that the initial decrease in light transmission was caused by platelet shape change ( Born et al, 1978 ). (nature.com)
- Since then, the initial decrease in light transmission detected in aggregometry is used as a measure for the extent of platelet shape change. (nature.com)
- at the same time, a decrease in the anti-proliferative action by NO, a decrease in fibinolysis and an increase in platelets aggregation may be observed. (mpeg3.org)
- It may decrease thrombogenesis and platelet clumping in the lungs by inhibiting platelet aggregation. (medscape.com)
Enzyme1
- The effect of local converting enzyme inhibition on the vascular responses to angiotensin and bradykinin in the forearm resistance vessels in man. (cardiffmet.ac.uk)
Proliferation2
- Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)
- PANX1 channel inhibition using probenecid (PBN) or carbenoxolone (CBX) reduced the proliferation of our panel of high-risk NB cell lines. (jcancer.org)
Fibrinogen1
- Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin monomers, and the fibrin monomers polymerize into fibrin polymers that bind aggregated platelets into platelet-fibrin hemostatic plugs. (msdmanuals.com)
Vasodilation1
- Serotonin causes vasodilation or vasoconstriction depending on the type of serotonin receptor. (wikilectures.eu)
Activation2
- Stehbens and Biscoe, 1967 ), platelet shape change was, and still is, generally regarded to be the initial stage of platelet activation. (nature.com)
- Platelets anchored to the vessel wall undergo activation. (msdmanuals.com)
Selective1
- The peripheral vasoconstriction due to smoking could be inhibited by a selective alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker. (rnspeak.com)
Plasma1
- L'agrégation plaquettaire induite par le collagène dans des échantillons de plasma riche en plaquettes de 14 lapins sains a été mesurée par turbidimétrie en utilisant un agrégomètre, avant et une heure après une injection intra- veineuse d'alun. (who.int)
Factor2
- A principal effect is by inhibition of the platelet activating factor (PAF). (rxmed.com)
- 2) Acute risk factor: A short-term physiological change, such as a surge in arterial pressure or heart rate, an increase in coagulability, or vasoconstriction, that follows a trigger and may result in disease onset. (wikidoc.org)
Effect3
- It was suggested that this optical effect was caused by the morphological change of platelets from discs to spherical cells with pseudopodia ( Latimer et al, 1977 ). (nature.com)
- This study investigated the in vivo effect of alum on platelet aggregation and bleeding time in rabbits. (who.int)
- contradiction in the mechanism of action of alum, we evaluated the in vivo effect of Alum (aluminium potassium sulfate) is a alum in terms of collagen-induced platelet food additive and traditional remedy used to aggregation and bleeding time. (who.int)
Significantly1
- Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was significantly reduced after alum injection. (who.int)
Tissues2
- PAF, produced by many tissues, is associated with aggregation of platelets, as well as causing broncho constriction, vasoconstriction, chemotaxis of phagocytes, hypotension, and the release of inflammatory compounds of phagocytes. (rxmed.com)
- Vascular factors reduce blood loss due to trauma through local vasoconstriction (an immediate reaction to injury) and compression of injured vessels by extravasation of blood into surrounding tissues. (msdmanuals.com)
Deficiency2
- [ 1 ] Thus, tracing research of the COX pathway is essential to an understanding of COX deficiency, and examining the variable effects of COX inhibition are advantageous. (medscape.com)
- Severe abnormalities in platelet function, such as Bernard-Soulier syndrome, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, or platelet storage-pool deficiency, are characterized by the inability of platelets to aggregate in response to certain agonists. (nature.com)
Glycoprotein1
- Platelet aggregation is achieved by mediating expression of the glycoprotein complex GP IIb/IIIa in the cell membrane of platelets. (wikipedia.org)
Blood2
- In hypertension, TMEM16A is upregulated in smooth muscle cells, contributing to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. (templarpharma.com)
- Platelet aggregation study on the blood. (who.int)
Thrombin1
- Platelets were activated with ADP, thrombin, or the thrombin receptor agonist peptide SFLLRN (TRAP 1-6 ). (nature.com)
Functional1
- this method is widely used to assess the functional status of platelets. (nature.com)
Vessel1
- If the cap of a vulnerable plaque erodes or ruptures, as in myocardial infarction, platelets stick to the damaged lining of the vessel and to each other within seconds and form a plug. (wikipedia.org)
Function2
- Supports proper cerebrovascular tone and function, and platelet aggregation that can otherwise lead to vasoconstriction. (migrelief.com)
- supports proper cerebrovascular tone and function, and platelet aggregation. (migrelief.com)
Doses2
- Dose-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation can be seen at 2 hours after single oral doses. (medeasy.health)
- Repeated doses of 75 mg per day inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation on the first day, and inhibition reaches steady state between Day 3 and Day 7. (medeasy.health)
Increase1
- Aggregation leads to a substantial increase in light transmission because of the formation of large particles and the concomitant clearing of the sample. (nature.com)